Our previous studies have reported that activation of the NLRP3(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3)-inflammasome complex in ethanol-treated astrocytes and chronic alcohol-fed mice could be associated with ...Our previous studies have reported that activation of the NLRP3(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3)-inflammasome complex in ethanol-treated astrocytes and chronic alcohol-fed mice could be associated with neuroinflammation and brain damage.Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)have been shown to restore the neuroinflammatory response,along with myelin and synaptic structural alterations in the prefrontal cortex,and alleviate cognitive and memory dysfunctions induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent mice.Considering the therapeutic role of the molecules contained in mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles,the present study analyzed whether the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles isolated from adipose tissue,which inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome,was capable of reducing hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent mice treated with binge drinking.We demonstrated that the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorated the activation of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome complex and other NLRs inflammasomes(e.g.,pyrin domain-containing 1,caspase recruitment domain-containing 4,and absent in melanoma 2,as well as the alterations in inflammatory genes(interleukin-1β,interleukin-18,inducible nitric oxide synthase,nuclear factor-kappa B,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,and C–X3–C motif chemokine ligand 1)and miRNAs(miR-21a-5p,miR-146a-5p,and miR-141-5p)induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent mice.Bioinformatic analysis further revealed the involvement of miR-21a-5p and miR-146a-5p with inflammatory target genes and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways.Taken together,these findings provide novel evidence of the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs to ameliorate the hippocampal neuroinflammatory response associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by binge drinking in adolescence.展开更多
1.Introduction Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines—which encompass regular physical activity,adequate sleep,and limited sedentary time1—significantly influences long-term health outcomes during adolescence and ...1.Introduction Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines—which encompass regular physical activity,adequate sleep,and limited sedentary time1—significantly influences long-term health outcomes during adolescence and contributes holistically to overall health.2 However,its prospective relationship with midlife mortality remains unknown to date.Our aim was to determine the association between adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines during adolescence and premature mortality 26-27 years later.This aim was based on existing evidence3 suggesting a potential link between meeting these guidelines and reduced mortality risk among adults in an 11-year follow-up.展开更多
Adolescence is the age of all disturbances both physiological and psychological.This internal and external insight conflicts is often hard to be managed.Thus,some teens will be subjected to act more than others.They u...Adolescence is the age of all disturbances both physiological and psychological.This internal and external insight conflicts is often hard to be managed.Thus,some teens will be subjected to act more than others.They use their bodies to show deep suffering as well as confusion.Numerous pathological behaviors can appear due to this significant sensitiveness like escaping difficulties.One of the ways solving this hardness of understanding and resolving these disorders is the disturbance in the nutritional behavior.This paper would allow us to understand the subjective dimensions that incite acting by mental anorexia.We suggest that a lack in the reflexive function might be the main cause of the attitude.Thereby,teen’s mental anorexia would show mistreatment at early care,that would make them feel unable to be good mothers in the future.展开更多
Objective Heat wave exposure significantly impacts human health.Nevertheless,studies on the long-term effects of heat wave exposure during adolescence on adverse pregnancy outcomes(APOs)are rare.This study aimed to in...Objective Heat wave exposure significantly impacts human health.Nevertheless,studies on the long-term effects of heat wave exposure during adolescence on adverse pregnancy outcomes(APOs)are rare.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the long-term effects of heat wave exposure during adolescence and APOs.Methods We analyzed data from 3,376 female and 3,013 male participants across 31 provinces in China.All adolescents(10–19 years old),early adolescents(10–14),and late adolescents(15–19)were chosen as exposure windows.Heat waves were defined as periods lasting 2‒4 consecutive days with the daily temperature exceeding the 75th,90th,and 92.5th percentiles.We employed multivariate logistic regression models to assess the associations between exposure to heat waves during adolescence and APOs.Results The results revealed significant associations between male exposure to heat wave events during late adolescence and spontaneous abortion(P<0.05),which was more pronounced in South China.In contrast,no statistically significant associations were detected between males’exposure to heat wave events during adolescence and their partners’preterm birth(P>0.05 for all comparisons).The exposure of females to heat waves during adolescence was not significantly associated with subsequent spontaneous abortion or preterm birth(P>0.05 for all comparisons).Conclusions This study demonstrates that spontaneous abortion in females is associated with heat wave exposure in their male partner during adolescence.展开更多
Objectives:Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders in adolescence.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms(DS)in adolescents aged 15-18 years in the Autonomous ...Objectives:Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders in adolescence.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms(DS)in adolescents aged 15-18 years in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina(APV)and to analyze the association of sociodemographic and family factors with DS.Methods:Thesample consisted of 986 students(47.4%females and 52.6%males)fromten government high schools in all seven districts of the APV.The Kutcher Adolescents Depression Scale(KADS)was used as a screening test for DS.Sociodemographic datawere assessed using a self-reported questionnaire.Athree-level binary logistic regressionmodel was conducted to explore the association between sociodemographic and family factors and DS.Results:Symptoms of depression were presented in 27.9%of females(95%CI=23.9%-32.2%)and 14.7%of males(95%CI=11.7%-18.0%)(χ^(2)=25.129,p<0.001).In terms of parents’employment,DS were more prevalent among students whose fathers were unemployed or retired(31.4%,95%CI=20.9%-43.6%)(χ^(2)=4.376,p=0.036).In the multilevel logistic regression model,males had 56%lower odds of having DS compared to females(odds ratio[OR]=0.44,95%CI=0.30-0.65).Students with fathers who completed high school had 46%lower odds of depression compared to those whose fathers had the lowest education level(OR=0.54,95%CI=0.30-0.98),and having an employed mother was associated with 40%lower odds of DS in students compared to thosewhosemotherswere unemployed(OR=0.60,95%CI=0.38-0.95).Conclusions:The study revealed a high prevalence of DS among adolescents.Girls have significantly higher values of prevalence of DS than boys,and adolescents whose fathers are without employment or retired.Gender,the father’s education,and the mother’s employment status are significant predictors of DS.Screening programs and the adoption of targeted prevention programs intended for vulnerable populations are extremely important.展开更多
This work evaluates sperm head morphometric characteristics in adolescents from 12 to 18 years of age, and the effect of varicocele. Volunteers between 150 and 224 months of age （mean 191, n = 87）, who had reached o...This work evaluates sperm head morphometric characteristics in adolescents from 12 to 18 years of age, and the effect of varicocele. Volunteers between 150 and 224 months of age （mean 191, n = 87）, who had reached oigarche by 12 years old, were recruited in the area of Barranquilla, Colombia. Morphometric analysis of sperm heads was performed with principal component （PC） and discriminant analysis, Combining seminal fluid and sperm parameters provided five PCs： two related to sperm morphometry, one to sperm motility, and two to seminal fluid components. Discriminant analysis on the morphometric results of varicocele and nonvaricocele groups did not provide a useful classification matrix. Of the semen-related PCs, the most explanatory （40%） was related to sperm motility. Two PCs, including sperm head elongation and size, were sufficient to evaluate sperm morphometric characteristics. Most of the morphometric variables were correlated with age, with an increase in size and decrease in the elongation of the sperm head. For head size, the entire sperm population could be divided into two morphometric subpopulations, SP1 and SP2, which did not change during adolescence. In general, for varicocele individuals, SP1 had larger and more elongated sperm heads than SP2, which had smaller and more elongated heads than in nonvaricocele men. In summary, sperm head morphometry assessed by CASA-Morph and multivariate cluster analysis provides a better comprehension of the ejaculate structure and possibly sperm function. Morphometric analysis provides much more information than data obtained from conventional semen analysis.展开更多
In adult animals,it is well established that stress has a proactive effect on psychostimulant responses.However,whether only a short period of stress during adolescence can also affect cocaine responses later in life ...In adult animals,it is well established that stress has a proactive effect on psychostimulant responses.However,whether only a short period of stress during adolescence can also affect cocaine responses later in life and what mechanisms are involved are unknown.Here,we showed that 5 days of social isolation during rat adolescence had a long-term impact on anxiety-like behaviors,cocaine-induced conditioned place preference,and the expression of sensitization during adulthood.At the molecular level,social isolation decreased the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the prefrontal cortex(PFC).Furthermore,after the expression of cocaine sensitization,isolated rats showed an increase in this pathway in the nucleus accumbens.Together,these findings suggest that,adolescent social isolation by altering the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the developing PFC might increase the cocaine responses during adulthood,introducing this pathway as a novel neuroadaptation in the cortical-accumbens connection that may mediate a stress-induced increase in vulnerability to drugs.展开更多
Objectives: To analyze the association between alexithymia and alcohol intake during adolescence, also in relation to psychopathology, in order to identify psychological risk factors for alcohol misuse. Method: 3556 s...Objectives: To analyze the association between alexithymia and alcohol intake during adolescence, also in relation to psychopathology, in order to identify psychological risk factors for alcohol misuse. Method: 3556 students [mean age (range) 14.5 years (11-18)] were recruited in the Padua area. Each was administered a set of three questionnaires: the Toronto Alexithymia Scale for children (TAS-20) to measure alexithymia, the Questionnaire Adolescent Saturday evening (QAS) to estimate of alcohol intake, and the Youth Self-Report (YSR 11-18) to value psychopathology. Results: Externalizing problems appeared to increase with age and with the amount of alcohol consumed, unlike internalizing problems. The prevalence of alexithymia was 18%, decreasing with age, and it was not associated with alcohol consumption, and used except in younger subjects (≤13), for whom a positive correlation was observed between alexithymia, internalizing problems and alcohol intake. Conclusions: Younger adolescents are more psycho-emotionally vulnerable (internalizing problems and alexithymia) and at a greater risk of alcohol misuse.展开更多
A study on iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in adolescence was conducted among 478 teen-age students in Shanghai. The study indicated that the intake of nutrients among the students was generally insufficient. The lack of...A study on iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in adolescence was conducted among 478 teen-age students in Shanghai. The study indicated that the intake of nutrients among the students was generally insufficient. The lack of protein, calcium, Vitamin A, Vitamin B_1, and Vitamin B_2 was more serious. The morbidities of IDA among male and female students were 15.8 and 32.6%, respectively, higher in the female group (P<0.01). The iron-deficiency sufferers among male and female students were 46.8 and 61.8%, respectively, also higher in the female group (P<0.01). The causes of IDA were analyzed by the method of stepwise regression. In a study of the effect of IDA on intelligence and physical development in adolescents, we found that there was no significant effect of IDA on intelligence quotient (IQ) and school performance. However, the speed and endurance capabilities of students of both sexes were correlated directly with hemoglobin level. In female students, the speed capability was correlated directly with the serum ferritin content. On the basis of these findings, a special 3-month school lunch program was initiated. The results indicate that a comprehensive, rational, and balanced diet is beneficial to hemoglobin, free erythrocyte porphyrin, and serum ferritin contents and improves adolescent development. 1990 Academic Press. Inc.展开更多
Because their endocrine system is not yet developmentally mature,adolescent girls are prone to dysfunctional uterine bleeding caused by insufficiency of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.The view of modern medic...Because their endocrine system is not yet developmentally mature,adolescent girls are prone to dysfunctional uterine bleeding caused by insufficiency of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.The view of modern medicine is mainly aimed at the secretory function of sex hormones,such as estrogen and progesterone.However,it causes distress to patients because of the susceptibility of their treatment to endocrine system disorders.Traditional Chinese medicine considers the damage to the function of the Conception Vessel and Thoroughfare Vessel as the key to the disease.In this way,we guide the use of traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture and achieve good results.The pathogenesis and management of functional uterine bleeding in adolescence are discussed from two medical perspectives in this article.展开更多
Chunibyo, a new Japanese slang term, which roughly translates to "fourteen sick", usually occurs among middle school students. Most of the"patients"are teenagers, who see themselves as grown adults...Chunibyo, a new Japanese slang term, which roughly translates to "fourteen sick", usually occurs among middle school students. Most of the"patients"are teenagers, who see themselves as grown adults and believe they have special power. According to Lacan's theory, this symptom would disappear when people enter the symbolic order. However, some remain"sick"even after they have grown up. In this essay, conceptual explanation will be given to this symptom based on the theory of"abjection",while linking Chunibyo to the epistemological process of paranoiac knowledge rooted in Lacan's psychic synthesis. Afterward,Chunibyo will be analyzed in terms of contemporaneity and spatiality. Some effective ways to treat Chunibyo will also be discussed in the last section.展开更多
This study investigated the roles of adolescent popularity and likeability in eight domains of risk-taking in Australian grade 9 students (53% girls). The eight domains included previously examined areas of aggressive...This study investigated the roles of adolescent popularity and likeability in eight domains of risk-taking in Australian grade 9 students (53% girls). The eight domains included previously examined areas of aggressive behaviours, alcohol use, and sexual intercourse, and areas where there is scarce information, including antisocial activities, unprotected intercourse, body image-related risk-taking, unsafe road practices, and stranger-related risk-taking. The results indicated a clear association between popularity and higher risk-taking in five of the eight domains. This is contrasted with likeability, which was not directly related to risk-taking aside from one two-way interaction with gender for sexual intercourse. The findings demonstrate the importance of including a broader range of risk-taking activities when considering popularity, particularly stranger-related risk-taking.展开更多
Our aim was to clarify the process by which girls who develop type 1 diabetes before school age acquire self-management skills during puberty and adolescence. We conducted semi-structured interviews with such women wh...Our aim was to clarify the process by which girls who develop type 1 diabetes before school age acquire self-management skills during puberty and adolescence. We conducted semi-structured interviews with such women who had reached adolescence, and analyzed the results using the modified grounded theory approach (M-GTA). We found the process to be composed of eight categories: Girls begin to feel they understand their own bodies;Girls give precedence to fun, and forget about their disease;Girls build a foundation for taking control of their physical health;Girls feel “out of sync” with their physical sensations;Girls gain new awareness of their disease due to discrimination and comparing themselves to others;Girls revisit their lifestyle and diabetes care practices, with an eye to their future;Girls employ the wisdom and knowledge they have gained from experience;Girls are frustrated at diabetes’ relent-less presence in their lives. The learning process could be roughly divided into two periods: a period dominated by annoyance, where girls prioritize fun activities and try to forget about their disease, and a period where they leverage their wisdom to revisit their care behaviors and change their lifestyle.展开更多
In 1899, Kraepelin identified schizophrenia as early dementia. The precocity of the onset of schizophrenia may be verified in psychotic episodes in the clinic of adolescence, which this article explores both from the ...In 1899, Kraepelin identified schizophrenia as early dementia. The precocity of the onset of schizophrenia may be verified in psychotic episodes in the clinic of adolescence, which this article explores both from the point of view of psychoanalytic theory, and from the point of view of its clinic, in particular regarding the transference of the psychotic adolescent. It departs from the importance of differential diagnosis in relation to neurosis, using the guidelines of Freud about the loss of reality, then studies the contributions of Lacan in relation to that which returns from the real when not included in the symbolic. Finally, it articulates the drive theory to identify the issue of jouissance in transference.展开更多
The sexual abuse suffered in childhood and adolescence, in addition to damage to physical and psychological health of the victim, is considered as an important risk factor for alcohol and drugs addiction, development ...The sexual abuse suffered in childhood and adolescence, in addition to damage to physical and psychological health of the victim, is considered as an important risk factor for alcohol and drugs addiction, development of psychopathology and psychosocial damage in adulthood. In addition to the pain and humiliation that are submitted by the abuse, children and adolescents also experience shame and guilt which require them toadopt coping strategies to endure those feelings. The use of psychoactive substances is a recognized way of dealing with the pains of living. This work, which is of narrative style, analyses and discusses, through five case reports, chemical dependency as a result of sexual abuse suffered in childhood and/or adolescence. The eight subjects in this study are male and have suffered sexual violence in this age period of life. Their ages range from 23 years to 39 years, and all are admitted to a therapeutic community in a city in the interior of Sao Paulo state, in Brazil, for treatment of chemical dependency, being met by the Department of Psychology. The reasons for the choice of the participants for treatment modality for patients are： difficult to stop using drugs, even unwilling to take it, they have easy access to it; the feeling of losing control over their lives; by successive losses as a result of drug use, and for fear that their lives had a tragic ending. With the exception of two participants, the others do not classify that as a child suffered sexual violence. However, all attribute that facilitated their entry into the world of drugs. Seven participants experienced such violence in childhood （between 7 years and 9 years） and adolescence （age 14）. The attackers were people closed to the victims--in the case of two victims, their families, with the exception of one participant who was raped by a stranger. Six participants declared themselves as homosexual. Another participant does not claim to be homosexual, but presents difficulties in terms of sexuality. Two participants are H1V positive. The start of psychoactive substances use occurred during adolescence （12 years to 17 years）. The participants see drugs as an anesthetic to the pain of the soul, a way to get pleasure, but they get charged expensively, as it increases the feeling of emptiness, guilt, helplessness, worthlessness and hopelessness. Although participants have sought help to deal with addiction it is noted that throughout the life course the issue of sexual violence was not treated. It was noted that the patients have a double stigma in society： the issue of drugs addiction and the orientation of sexual desire, because the majority of participants are homosexual. The results reinforce the need for effective action geared to accommodate the victims of sexual violence and effective preventive measures to prevent children and adolescents from being abused.展开更多
The study presents the results of exploring the effect of physical disability on the coping strategies and personality factors in a group of adolescents. It is discovered that the context of adaptability in stress cop...The study presents the results of exploring the effect of physical disability on the coping strategies and personality factors in a group of adolescents. It is discovered that the context of adaptability in stress coping and that of preferred coping strategies with personality factors in a cohort （N = 410） measured by means of a questionnaire： coping inventory, children＇s coping strategies checklist, and the Big Five scales for California Child Q-Set. The results point to an indicator of active stress coping in the compared cohorts such as conscientiousness, agreeableness and neuroticism. Conscientiousness and openness as indicators of adaptive self-focused and environment-focused stress coping. Identified limits to the used coping strategies in adolescents require application of programmes in support of development of personality qualities, as effective coping indicators specifically in disabled adolescents.展开更多
Background: Infatuation and lovesickness are widespread and significant experiences in adolescence. Less is known about the connection between infatuation/lovesickness and sleep. The few studies, examining the link be...Background: Infatuation and lovesickness are widespread and significant experiences in adolescence. Less is known about the connection between infatuation/lovesickness and sleep. The few studies, examining the link between infatuation and sleep quality show inconsistent results. The link between lovesickness and sleep as well as the link between infatuation/lovesickness and dreams has not been investigated yet. The aim of this study was to examine whether infatuation and lovesickness are linked to sleep quality and dreams in adolescents. Methods: A self-assessment online questionnaire was constructed to assess adolescents’ infatuation, lovesickness, sleep quality and dreams. In total, data of 630 adolescents and young adults (150 males, 480 females;aged 16 - 21) were analyzed in this study. Results: Infatuation did not relate to overall sleep quality and dreams. Sleep disturbances, as a component of overall sleep quality, were more frequent in infatuated adolescents. Adolescents currently suffering from lovesickness reported a significantly lower sleep quality, more negative dreams and nightmares. Furthermore, nightmares influenced them more strongly the next day. Conclusions: The associations between infatuation/lovesickness and sleep provide evidence for the far reaching effects of infatuation and lovesickness in adolescents’ lives. The fact that lovesickness leads to lower sleep quality and more negative dreams should be integrated in new approaches of insomnia treatment.展开更多
Although mental health symptoms in children and adolescents are shown to predict young adult mental health outcomes, long-term prospective studies of childhood cohorts are few. The aim of the present study was to anal...Although mental health symptoms in children and adolescents are shown to predict young adult mental health outcomes, long-term prospective studies of childhood cohorts are few. The aim of the present study was to analyze the prospective importance of internalized mental health symptoms in adolescence for internalized symptoms in adulthood. Methods: A community-based prospective longitudinal cohort provided information by questionnaire about psychological status at age 16 and 43 (n=1010, representing 94.3% of those still alive). Socio-demographic variables which were indicative of possible childhood adversity (parental class, absence, illness, unemployment, relationship, crowding, number of moves) were treated as confounders and controlled for in ordinal regression. Results: For both women and men, internalizing mental health symptoms reported at 16 significantly predicted the same outcome at 43 years, after controlling for previous adverse environmental conditions (OR =1.2 for women, 1.3 for men). Conclusion: In this representative cohort studied over 27 years with excellent retention rates, the occurrence of self-reported worry, panic and sadness in mid-adolescence significantly increased the likelihood of similar states in middle adulthood.展开更多
Objective To investigate the indication,feasibility and technique of minimally invasive Nuss procedure with thoracoscope by using double braces in the treatment of wide-scope pectus excavatum repairing in adolescence....Objective To investigate the indication,feasibility and technique of minimally invasive Nuss procedure with thoracoscope by using double braces in the treatment of wide-scope pectus excavatum repairing in adolescence. Methods 31 patients including 24 boys and 7 girls,suffered from pectus excavtum were corrected by Nuss procedure under thoracoscope. The average age展开更多
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has become the dominant form of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents with the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide. NAFLD represents a wide spectrum of condit...Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has become the dominant form of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents with the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide. NAFLD represents a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from fatty liver-which generally follows a benign, non-progressive clinical course-to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, a subset of NAFLD that may progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease or liver carcinoma. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism of "pediatric" NAFLD remains unclear, although it is strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance. In this review we provide a general overview on the current understanding of NAFLD in children and adolescents, which underpins practice, enabling early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic intervention for this life-threatening liver disease.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Health-PNSD(2019-I039 and 2023-I024)(to MP)FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Agencia Estatal de Investigación PID2021-1243590B-I100(to VMM)+2 种基金GVA(CIAICO/2021/203)(to MP)the Primary Addiction Care Research Network(RD21/0009/0005)(to MP)a predoctoral fellowship from the Generalitat Valenciana(ACIF/2021/338)(to CPC).
文摘Our previous studies have reported that activation of the NLRP3(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3)-inflammasome complex in ethanol-treated astrocytes and chronic alcohol-fed mice could be associated with neuroinflammation and brain damage.Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)have been shown to restore the neuroinflammatory response,along with myelin and synaptic structural alterations in the prefrontal cortex,and alleviate cognitive and memory dysfunctions induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent mice.Considering the therapeutic role of the molecules contained in mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles,the present study analyzed whether the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles isolated from adipose tissue,which inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome,was capable of reducing hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent mice treated with binge drinking.We demonstrated that the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorated the activation of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome complex and other NLRs inflammasomes(e.g.,pyrin domain-containing 1,caspase recruitment domain-containing 4,and absent in melanoma 2,as well as the alterations in inflammatory genes(interleukin-1β,interleukin-18,inducible nitric oxide synthase,nuclear factor-kappa B,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,and C–X3–C motif chemokine ligand 1)and miRNAs(miR-21a-5p,miR-146a-5p,and miR-141-5p)induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent mice.Bioinformatic analysis further revealed the involvement of miR-21a-5p and miR-146a-5p with inflammatory target genes and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways.Taken together,these findings provide novel evidence of the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs to ameliorate the hippocampal neuroinflammatory response associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by binge drinking in adolescence.
文摘1.Introduction Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines—which encompass regular physical activity,adequate sleep,and limited sedentary time1—significantly influences long-term health outcomes during adolescence and contributes holistically to overall health.2 However,its prospective relationship with midlife mortality remains unknown to date.Our aim was to determine the association between adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines during adolescence and premature mortality 26-27 years later.This aim was based on existing evidence3 suggesting a potential link between meeting these guidelines and reduced mortality risk among adults in an 11-year follow-up.
文摘Adolescence is the age of all disturbances both physiological and psychological.This internal and external insight conflicts is often hard to be managed.Thus,some teens will be subjected to act more than others.They use their bodies to show deep suffering as well as confusion.Numerous pathological behaviors can appear due to this significant sensitiveness like escaping difficulties.One of the ways solving this hardness of understanding and resolving these disorders is the disturbance in the nutritional behavior.This paper would allow us to understand the subjective dimensions that incite acting by mental anorexia.We suggest that a lack in the reflexive function might be the main cause of the attitude.Thereby,teen’s mental anorexia would show mistreatment at early care,that would make them feel unable to be good mothers in the future.
基金funded by the Key Project of the University Outstanding Youth Backbone Talented Person Foreign Visits Study Does Research of Anhui Province(No.gxgwfx2020025).
文摘Objective Heat wave exposure significantly impacts human health.Nevertheless,studies on the long-term effects of heat wave exposure during adolescence on adverse pregnancy outcomes(APOs)are rare.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the long-term effects of heat wave exposure during adolescence and APOs.Methods We analyzed data from 3,376 female and 3,013 male participants across 31 provinces in China.All adolescents(10–19 years old),early adolescents(10–14),and late adolescents(15–19)were chosen as exposure windows.Heat waves were defined as periods lasting 2‒4 consecutive days with the daily temperature exceeding the 75th,90th,and 92.5th percentiles.We employed multivariate logistic regression models to assess the associations between exposure to heat waves during adolescence and APOs.Results The results revealed significant associations between male exposure to heat wave events during late adolescence and spontaneous abortion(P<0.05),which was more pronounced in South China.In contrast,no statistically significant associations were detected between males’exposure to heat wave events during adolescence and their partners’preterm birth(P>0.05 for all comparisons).The exposure of females to heat waves during adolescence was not significantly associated with subsequent spontaneous abortion or preterm birth(P>0.05 for all comparisons).Conclusions This study demonstrates that spontaneous abortion in females is associated with heat wave exposure in their male partner during adolescence.
文摘Objectives:Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders in adolescence.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms(DS)in adolescents aged 15-18 years in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina(APV)and to analyze the association of sociodemographic and family factors with DS.Methods:Thesample consisted of 986 students(47.4%females and 52.6%males)fromten government high schools in all seven districts of the APV.The Kutcher Adolescents Depression Scale(KADS)was used as a screening test for DS.Sociodemographic datawere assessed using a self-reported questionnaire.Athree-level binary logistic regressionmodel was conducted to explore the association between sociodemographic and family factors and DS.Results:Symptoms of depression were presented in 27.9%of females(95%CI=23.9%-32.2%)and 14.7%of males(95%CI=11.7%-18.0%)(χ^(2)=25.129,p<0.001).In terms of parents’employment,DS were more prevalent among students whose fathers were unemployed or retired(31.4%,95%CI=20.9%-43.6%)(χ^(2)=4.376,p=0.036).In the multilevel logistic regression model,males had 56%lower odds of having DS compared to females(odds ratio[OR]=0.44,95%CI=0.30-0.65).Students with fathers who completed high school had 46%lower odds of depression compared to those whose fathers had the lowest education level(OR=0.54,95%CI=0.30-0.98),and having an employed mother was associated with 40%lower odds of DS in students compared to thosewhosemotherswere unemployed(OR=0.60,95%CI=0.38-0.95).Conclusions:The study revealed a high prevalence of DS among adolescents.Girls have significantly higher values of prevalence of DS than boys,and adolescents whose fathers are without employment or retired.Gender,the father’s education,and the mother’s employment status are significant predictors of DS.Screening programs and the adoption of targeted prevention programs intended for vulnerable populations are extremely important.
文摘This work evaluates sperm head morphometric characteristics in adolescents from 12 to 18 years of age, and the effect of varicocele. Volunteers between 150 and 224 months of age （mean 191, n = 87）, who had reached oigarche by 12 years old, were recruited in the area of Barranquilla, Colombia. Morphometric analysis of sperm heads was performed with principal component （PC） and discriminant analysis, Combining seminal fluid and sperm parameters provided five PCs： two related to sperm morphometry, one to sperm motility, and two to seminal fluid components. Discriminant analysis on the morphometric results of varicocele and nonvaricocele groups did not provide a useful classification matrix. Of the semen-related PCs, the most explanatory （40%） was related to sperm motility. Two PCs, including sperm head elongation and size, were sufficient to evaluate sperm morphometric characteristics. Most of the morphometric variables were correlated with age, with an increase in size and decrease in the elongation of the sperm head. For head size, the entire sperm population could be divided into two morphometric subpopulations, SP1 and SP2, which did not change during adolescence. In general, for varicocele individuals, SP1 had larger and more elongated sperm heads than SP2, which had smaller and more elongated heads than in nonvaricocele men. In summary, sperm head morphometry assessed by CASA-Morph and multivariate cluster analysis provides a better comprehension of the ejaculate structure and possibly sperm function. Morphometric analysis provides much more information than data obtained from conventional semen analysis.
基金supported by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET,PIP 112-201001-00243)Secretaria de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva de la Prov.Santa Fe (SeCTeI, 2010-058-12)Universidad Nacional de Rosario(UNR,BIO 295).
文摘In adult animals,it is well established that stress has a proactive effect on psychostimulant responses.However,whether only a short period of stress during adolescence can also affect cocaine responses later in life and what mechanisms are involved are unknown.Here,we showed that 5 days of social isolation during rat adolescence had a long-term impact on anxiety-like behaviors,cocaine-induced conditioned place preference,and the expression of sensitization during adulthood.At the molecular level,social isolation decreased the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the prefrontal cortex(PFC).Furthermore,after the expression of cocaine sensitization,isolated rats showed an increase in this pathway in the nucleus accumbens.Together,these findings suggest that,adolescent social isolation by altering the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the developing PFC might increase the cocaine responses during adulthood,introducing this pathway as a novel neuroadaptation in the cortical-accumbens connection that may mediate a stress-induced increase in vulnerability to drugs.
文摘Objectives: To analyze the association between alexithymia and alcohol intake during adolescence, also in relation to psychopathology, in order to identify psychological risk factors for alcohol misuse. Method: 3556 students [mean age (range) 14.5 years (11-18)] were recruited in the Padua area. Each was administered a set of three questionnaires: the Toronto Alexithymia Scale for children (TAS-20) to measure alexithymia, the Questionnaire Adolescent Saturday evening (QAS) to estimate of alcohol intake, and the Youth Self-Report (YSR 11-18) to value psychopathology. Results: Externalizing problems appeared to increase with age and with the amount of alcohol consumed, unlike internalizing problems. The prevalence of alexithymia was 18%, decreasing with age, and it was not associated with alcohol consumption, and used except in younger subjects (≤13), for whom a positive correlation was observed between alexithymia, internalizing problems and alcohol intake. Conclusions: Younger adolescents are more psycho-emotionally vulnerable (internalizing problems and alexithymia) and at a greater risk of alcohol misuse.
文摘A study on iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in adolescence was conducted among 478 teen-age students in Shanghai. The study indicated that the intake of nutrients among the students was generally insufficient. The lack of protein, calcium, Vitamin A, Vitamin B_1, and Vitamin B_2 was more serious. The morbidities of IDA among male and female students were 15.8 and 32.6%, respectively, higher in the female group (P<0.01). The iron-deficiency sufferers among male and female students were 46.8 and 61.8%, respectively, also higher in the female group (P<0.01). The causes of IDA were analyzed by the method of stepwise regression. In a study of the effect of IDA on intelligence and physical development in adolescents, we found that there was no significant effect of IDA on intelligence quotient (IQ) and school performance. However, the speed and endurance capabilities of students of both sexes were correlated directly with hemoglobin level. In female students, the speed capability was correlated directly with the serum ferritin content. On the basis of these findings, a special 3-month school lunch program was initiated. The results indicate that a comprehensive, rational, and balanced diet is beneficial to hemoglobin, free erythrocyte porphyrin, and serum ferritin contents and improves adolescent development. 1990 Academic Press. Inc.
文摘Because their endocrine system is not yet developmentally mature,adolescent girls are prone to dysfunctional uterine bleeding caused by insufficiency of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.The view of modern medicine is mainly aimed at the secretory function of sex hormones,such as estrogen and progesterone.However,it causes distress to patients because of the susceptibility of their treatment to endocrine system disorders.Traditional Chinese medicine considers the damage to the function of the Conception Vessel and Thoroughfare Vessel as the key to the disease.In this way,we guide the use of traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture and achieve good results.The pathogenesis and management of functional uterine bleeding in adolescence are discussed from two medical perspectives in this article.
文摘Chunibyo, a new Japanese slang term, which roughly translates to "fourteen sick", usually occurs among middle school students. Most of the"patients"are teenagers, who see themselves as grown adults and believe they have special power. According to Lacan's theory, this symptom would disappear when people enter the symbolic order. However, some remain"sick"even after they have grown up. In this essay, conceptual explanation will be given to this symptom based on the theory of"abjection",while linking Chunibyo to the epistemological process of paranoiac knowledge rooted in Lacan's psychic synthesis. Afterward,Chunibyo will be analyzed in terms of contemporaneity and spatiality. Some effective ways to treat Chunibyo will also be discussed in the last section.
文摘This study investigated the roles of adolescent popularity and likeability in eight domains of risk-taking in Australian grade 9 students (53% girls). The eight domains included previously examined areas of aggressive behaviours, alcohol use, and sexual intercourse, and areas where there is scarce information, including antisocial activities, unprotected intercourse, body image-related risk-taking, unsafe road practices, and stranger-related risk-taking. The results indicated a clear association between popularity and higher risk-taking in five of the eight domains. This is contrasted with likeability, which was not directly related to risk-taking aside from one two-way interaction with gender for sexual intercourse. The findings demonstrate the importance of including a broader range of risk-taking activities when considering popularity, particularly stranger-related risk-taking.
文摘Our aim was to clarify the process by which girls who develop type 1 diabetes before school age acquire self-management skills during puberty and adolescence. We conducted semi-structured interviews with such women who had reached adolescence, and analyzed the results using the modified grounded theory approach (M-GTA). We found the process to be composed of eight categories: Girls begin to feel they understand their own bodies;Girls give precedence to fun, and forget about their disease;Girls build a foundation for taking control of their physical health;Girls feel “out of sync” with their physical sensations;Girls gain new awareness of their disease due to discrimination and comparing themselves to others;Girls revisit their lifestyle and diabetes care practices, with an eye to their future;Girls employ the wisdom and knowledge they have gained from experience;Girls are frustrated at diabetes’ relent-less presence in their lives. The learning process could be roughly divided into two periods: a period dominated by annoyance, where girls prioritize fun activities and try to forget about their disease, and a period where they leverage their wisdom to revisit their care behaviors and change their lifestyle.
文摘In 1899, Kraepelin identified schizophrenia as early dementia. The precocity of the onset of schizophrenia may be verified in psychotic episodes in the clinic of adolescence, which this article explores both from the point of view of psychoanalytic theory, and from the point of view of its clinic, in particular regarding the transference of the psychotic adolescent. It departs from the importance of differential diagnosis in relation to neurosis, using the guidelines of Freud about the loss of reality, then studies the contributions of Lacan in relation to that which returns from the real when not included in the symbolic. Finally, it articulates the drive theory to identify the issue of jouissance in transference.
文摘The sexual abuse suffered in childhood and adolescence, in addition to damage to physical and psychological health of the victim, is considered as an important risk factor for alcohol and drugs addiction, development of psychopathology and psychosocial damage in adulthood. In addition to the pain and humiliation that are submitted by the abuse, children and adolescents also experience shame and guilt which require them toadopt coping strategies to endure those feelings. The use of psychoactive substances is a recognized way of dealing with the pains of living. This work, which is of narrative style, analyses and discusses, through five case reports, chemical dependency as a result of sexual abuse suffered in childhood and/or adolescence. The eight subjects in this study are male and have suffered sexual violence in this age period of life. Their ages range from 23 years to 39 years, and all are admitted to a therapeutic community in a city in the interior of Sao Paulo state, in Brazil, for treatment of chemical dependency, being met by the Department of Psychology. The reasons for the choice of the participants for treatment modality for patients are： difficult to stop using drugs, even unwilling to take it, they have easy access to it; the feeling of losing control over their lives; by successive losses as a result of drug use, and for fear that their lives had a tragic ending. With the exception of two participants, the others do not classify that as a child suffered sexual violence. However, all attribute that facilitated their entry into the world of drugs. Seven participants experienced such violence in childhood （between 7 years and 9 years） and adolescence （age 14）. The attackers were people closed to the victims--in the case of two victims, their families, with the exception of one participant who was raped by a stranger. Six participants declared themselves as homosexual. Another participant does not claim to be homosexual, but presents difficulties in terms of sexuality. Two participants are H1V positive. The start of psychoactive substances use occurred during adolescence （12 years to 17 years）. The participants see drugs as an anesthetic to the pain of the soul, a way to get pleasure, but they get charged expensively, as it increases the feeling of emptiness, guilt, helplessness, worthlessness and hopelessness. Although participants have sought help to deal with addiction it is noted that throughout the life course the issue of sexual violence was not treated. It was noted that the patients have a double stigma in society： the issue of drugs addiction and the orientation of sexual desire, because the majority of participants are homosexual. The results reinforce the need for effective action geared to accommodate the victims of sexual violence and effective preventive measures to prevent children and adolescents from being abused.
文摘The study presents the results of exploring the effect of physical disability on the coping strategies and personality factors in a group of adolescents. It is discovered that the context of adaptability in stress coping and that of preferred coping strategies with personality factors in a cohort （N = 410） measured by means of a questionnaire： coping inventory, children＇s coping strategies checklist, and the Big Five scales for California Child Q-Set. The results point to an indicator of active stress coping in the compared cohorts such as conscientiousness, agreeableness and neuroticism. Conscientiousness and openness as indicators of adaptive self-focused and environment-focused stress coping. Identified limits to the used coping strategies in adolescents require application of programmes in support of development of personality qualities, as effective coping indicators specifically in disabled adolescents.
基金support for the Article Processing Charge by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaftthe Open Access Publication Fund of Bielefeld University.
文摘Background: Infatuation and lovesickness are widespread and significant experiences in adolescence. Less is known about the connection between infatuation/lovesickness and sleep. The few studies, examining the link between infatuation and sleep quality show inconsistent results. The link between lovesickness and sleep as well as the link between infatuation/lovesickness and dreams has not been investigated yet. The aim of this study was to examine whether infatuation and lovesickness are linked to sleep quality and dreams in adolescents. Methods: A self-assessment online questionnaire was constructed to assess adolescents’ infatuation, lovesickness, sleep quality and dreams. In total, data of 630 adolescents and young adults (150 males, 480 females;aged 16 - 21) were analyzed in this study. Results: Infatuation did not relate to overall sleep quality and dreams. Sleep disturbances, as a component of overall sleep quality, were more frequent in infatuated adolescents. Adolescents currently suffering from lovesickness reported a significantly lower sleep quality, more negative dreams and nightmares. Furthermore, nightmares influenced them more strongly the next day. Conclusions: The associations between infatuation/lovesickness and sleep provide evidence for the far reaching effects of infatuation and lovesickness in adolescents’ lives. The fact that lovesickness leads to lower sleep quality and more negative dreams should be integrated in new approaches of insomnia treatment.
文摘Although mental health symptoms in children and adolescents are shown to predict young adult mental health outcomes, long-term prospective studies of childhood cohorts are few. The aim of the present study was to analyze the prospective importance of internalized mental health symptoms in adolescence for internalized symptoms in adulthood. Methods: A community-based prospective longitudinal cohort provided information by questionnaire about psychological status at age 16 and 43 (n=1010, representing 94.3% of those still alive). Socio-demographic variables which were indicative of possible childhood adversity (parental class, absence, illness, unemployment, relationship, crowding, number of moves) were treated as confounders and controlled for in ordinal regression. Results: For both women and men, internalizing mental health symptoms reported at 16 significantly predicted the same outcome at 43 years, after controlling for previous adverse environmental conditions (OR =1.2 for women, 1.3 for men). Conclusion: In this representative cohort studied over 27 years with excellent retention rates, the occurrence of self-reported worry, panic and sadness in mid-adolescence significantly increased the likelihood of similar states in middle adulthood.
文摘Objective To investigate the indication,feasibility and technique of minimally invasive Nuss procedure with thoracoscope by using double braces in the treatment of wide-scope pectus excavatum repairing in adolescence. Methods 31 patients including 24 boys and 7 girls,suffered from pectus excavtum were corrected by Nuss procedure under thoracoscope. The average age
基金Supported by The National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2016YFC1305301
文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has become the dominant form of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents with the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide. NAFLD represents a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from fatty liver-which generally follows a benign, non-progressive clinical course-to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, a subset of NAFLD that may progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease or liver carcinoma. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism of "pediatric" NAFLD remains unclear, although it is strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance. In this review we provide a general overview on the current understanding of NAFLD in children and adolescents, which underpins practice, enabling early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic intervention for this life-threatening liver disease.
