The precise etiology and reasons for the increase in incidence of autoimmune disorders still remain unclear, and although both genetic and environmental factors have been proven to shape individual predisposition, it ...The precise etiology and reasons for the increase in incidence of autoimmune disorders still remain unclear, and although both genetic and environmental factors have been proven to shape individual predisposition, it is not known which of the factors, if not both, is responsible for the boom observed during the last decades. In order to establish whether a higher frequency of autoimmune-predisposing alleles may explain this increase we took advantage of ancient DNA methodology to establish the genetic predisposition, conferred by cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 （CTLA4） ＋49A/G and human leukocyte antigens （HLA） DQBI^57, in population inhabiting Poland in the Middle Ages. After successful typing of 42 individuals from a 12th-14th＇s century archeological burial site, we found that frequencies of the predisposing alleles in the medieval population were higher than they are at present, suggesting thus that the recently observed incidence increase results most probably from factors of other than genetic nature.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the application of molecular genetic methods in anthropology and paleodemography in case where the examined bone material is damaged and fragmented, and where the skeletal ...The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the application of molecular genetic methods in anthropology and paleodemography in case where the examined bone material is damaged and fragmented, and where the skeletal remains of children are investigated. The application of traditional anthropological methods is limited, especially if sex determination of children and fragmentary skeletal remains is detected. Sex typing genetic markers （SRY, amelogenin） were used for sex determination of children and undetermined fragmentary skeletal remains from the burial site Pohansko, south outer precincts （Czech Republic）. This is an approximately 1,200 year-old burial site （the Great Moravian period）, which was excavated during rescue excavations. After the genetic analysis, sex was determined in more than half of the investigated samples. The results of the genetic analysis were used for completion of demographic data of this archaeological site. The results of sex determination of several samples were independently verified by the Institute of Criminology in Prague （Czech Republic）, using the PowerPlex ESX 17 System （Promega）. This study showed the suitability of modem molecular genetic methods to skeletal anthropology and paleodemographic analyses.展开更多
近些年基因测序技术的大量应用为沉积物中植物古DNA的分析提供了技术支撑,将古植被重建的技术发展到了分子层面。国内外相关研究表明,来源于沉积体系中的沉积植物古DNA(Sediment plant ancient DNA,aDNA)可作为古植被重建的有效工具。...近些年基因测序技术的大量应用为沉积物中植物古DNA的分析提供了技术支撑,将古植被重建的技术发展到了分子层面。国内外相关研究表明,来源于沉积体系中的沉积植物古DNA(Sediment plant ancient DNA,aDNA)可作为古植被重建的有效工具。从技术基础理论、文献计量统计、发展应用及实验操作几个方面对沉积植物aDNA技术进行了全面的介绍。沉积aDNA技术在植物群落分析上是一个新的补充方法,它可以提供更高的分辨率以及更精确的丰度估算,然而在实验体系及数据库方面还需要不断完善成熟,其在未来将成为古植被重建重要的辅助技术手段。展开更多
基金Project (No. 3 P05E 055 25) supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Poland
文摘The precise etiology and reasons for the increase in incidence of autoimmune disorders still remain unclear, and although both genetic and environmental factors have been proven to shape individual predisposition, it is not known which of the factors, if not both, is responsible for the boom observed during the last decades. In order to establish whether a higher frequency of autoimmune-predisposing alleles may explain this increase we took advantage of ancient DNA methodology to establish the genetic predisposition, conferred by cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 （CTLA4） ＋49A/G and human leukocyte antigens （HLA） DQBI^57, in population inhabiting Poland in the Middle Ages. After successful typing of 42 individuals from a 12th-14th＇s century archeological burial site, we found that frequencies of the predisposing alleles in the medieval population were higher than they are at present, suggesting thus that the recently observed incidence increase results most probably from factors of other than genetic nature.
文摘The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the application of molecular genetic methods in anthropology and paleodemography in case where the examined bone material is damaged and fragmented, and where the skeletal remains of children are investigated. The application of traditional anthropological methods is limited, especially if sex determination of children and fragmentary skeletal remains is detected. Sex typing genetic markers （SRY, amelogenin） were used for sex determination of children and undetermined fragmentary skeletal remains from the burial site Pohansko, south outer precincts （Czech Republic）. This is an approximately 1,200 year-old burial site （the Great Moravian period）, which was excavated during rescue excavations. After the genetic analysis, sex was determined in more than half of the investigated samples. The results of the genetic analysis were used for completion of demographic data of this archaeological site. The results of sex determination of several samples were independently verified by the Institute of Criminology in Prague （Czech Republic）, using the PowerPlex ESX 17 System （Promega）. This study showed the suitability of modem molecular genetic methods to skeletal anthropology and paleodemographic analyses.
文摘近些年基因测序技术的大量应用为沉积物中植物古DNA的分析提供了技术支撑,将古植被重建的技术发展到了分子层面。国内外相关研究表明,来源于沉积体系中的沉积植物古DNA(Sediment plant ancient DNA,aDNA)可作为古植被重建的有效工具。从技术基础理论、文献计量统计、发展应用及实验操作几个方面对沉积植物aDNA技术进行了全面的介绍。沉积aDNA技术在植物群落分析上是一个新的补充方法,它可以提供更高的分辨率以及更精确的丰度估算,然而在实验体系及数据库方面还需要不断完善成熟,其在未来将成为古植被重建重要的辅助技术手段。
