随着人工智能(AI)技术的飞速发展与广泛应用,图书馆这一人类知识传承与服务的重要机构,正面临着前所未有的机遇与深刻挑战。AI的潜力在于能够显著提升图书馆的运营效率,并为用户提供更为个性化、智能化的服务。然而,行业转型、技术应用...随着人工智能(AI)技术的飞速发展与广泛应用,图书馆这一人类知识传承与服务的重要机构,正面临着前所未有的机遇与深刻挑战。AI的潜力在于能够显著提升图书馆的运营效率,并为用户提供更为个性化、智能化的服务。然而,行业转型、技术应用的实践困境以及馆员能力的适配等问题随之凸显,成为图书馆界亟待解决的课题。本文以第二十一届数智图书馆前沿问题高级研讨会(Advanced Digital Library Seminar,简称ADLS 2025)馆长论坛的核心研讨为脉络,结合业界与学术界的相关研究,系统探讨AI时代图书馆在资源建设、服务模式、空间布局及专业能力等维度发展的新路径与具体策略。此探讨旨在为图书馆在新时代的转型升级提供理论参考与实践指引,从而推动其在AI浪潮中的可持续发展与价值重塑,确保其在智能化信息环境中继续扮演关键角色。展开更多
With China’s rapidly aging population and the growing preference for aging in place,digital monitoring technologies have emerged as potential tools to support older adults in managing their activities of daily living...With China’s rapidly aging population and the growing preference for aging in place,digital monitoring technologies have emerged as potential tools to support older adults in managing their activities of daily living(ADLs).This study explores the perceptions and acceptance of these technologies among elderly individuals living alone and their informal caregivers(ICs)in Nanshan District,Shenzhen.Grounded in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT),the study employed semi-structured and photo-elicitation interviews to analyze how performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence,and facilitating conditions shape technology adoption.The findings reveal clear intergenerational differences:caregivers show higher acceptance and a better understanding of the benefits and functionalities of wearable and environmental monitoring devices,while older adults often express skepticism due to concerns over privacy,usability,and cost.Many elderly participants also cite discomfort,technical complexity,and lack of training as barriers to adoption.Despite these obstacles,both groups acknowledge the potential safety and health benefits of such technologies.The study highlights the need for privacy-by-design features,customized user interfaces,and enhanced digital literacy programs tailored to both elderly users and their caregivers.The research contributes to a sociotechnical understanding of aging-in-place technologies in China and provides actionable insights for developers,policymakers,and healthcare practitioners aiming to enhance home-based elder care.展开更多
为探讨中国农村日常生活自理能力(activity of daily living, ADL)受损老年人的自理困境现状及其异质性和影响因素,基于安德森(Andersen)模型理论和中国健康与养老追踪调查(Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS)...为探讨中国农村日常生活自理能力(activity of daily living, ADL)受损老年人的自理困境现状及其异质性和影响因素,基于安德森(Andersen)模型理论和中国健康与养老追踪调查(Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS)数据库,对农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状进行潜在类别分析,并采用单因素分析和多因素分类logistic回归,探讨不同潜在类别的影响因素.结果显示:在纳入的有效样本2 447人中,中国农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状存在3个潜在类别,即自理困境低危(占87.2%)、工具性困境高危(占4.1%)、自理困境高危(占8.7%);年龄、教育状况、居住方式、个人收入、贫困户状态、门诊利用次数、两年内体检情况、慢性病情况、自理独立等级、自评健康状况、生活满意度是影响老年人自理受困潜在类别的重要因素(P<0.05).由此可见,中国农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状存在群体异质性.相关部门应根据老年人不同的自理受困类别特征及其影响因素,采取更具针对性的措施,以改善我国农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状.展开更多
Architecture description languages play an important role in modelling software architectures. However, many architecture description languages （ADLs） are either unable to deal with the verification and dynamic chan...Architecture description languages play an important role in modelling software architectures. However, many architecture description languages （ADLs） are either unable to deal with the verification and dynamic changes directly or too formal to be understood and manipulated. This paper presents xBreeze/ADL, a novel extensible markup language （XML）-based verification and evolution supported architecture description language, which is specifically designed for modelling the software architecture of large, complex systems. Five principle design goals are 1） to separate template from instance to define a loose coupling structure, 2） to present virtual and concrete link to identify service execution flow, 3） to clearly represent component behaviour to specify architecture semantics, 4） to introduce multi-dimension restrictions to define the architecture constraints, and 5） to use the graph transformation theory to implement the architecture configuration management （i.e., reconfiguration and verification）. Various advanced features of xBreeze/ADL are illustrated by using an example on online movie ticket booking system.展开更多
文摘随着人工智能(AI)技术的飞速发展与广泛应用,图书馆这一人类知识传承与服务的重要机构,正面临着前所未有的机遇与深刻挑战。AI的潜力在于能够显著提升图书馆的运营效率,并为用户提供更为个性化、智能化的服务。然而,行业转型、技术应用的实践困境以及馆员能力的适配等问题随之凸显,成为图书馆界亟待解决的课题。本文以第二十一届数智图书馆前沿问题高级研讨会(Advanced Digital Library Seminar,简称ADLS 2025)馆长论坛的核心研讨为脉络,结合业界与学术界的相关研究,系统探讨AI时代图书馆在资源建设、服务模式、空间布局及专业能力等维度发展的新路径与具体策略。此探讨旨在为图书馆在新时代的转型升级提供理论参考与实践指引,从而推动其在AI浪潮中的可持续发展与价值重塑,确保其在智能化信息环境中继续扮演关键角色。
文摘With China’s rapidly aging population and the growing preference for aging in place,digital monitoring technologies have emerged as potential tools to support older adults in managing their activities of daily living(ADLs).This study explores the perceptions and acceptance of these technologies among elderly individuals living alone and their informal caregivers(ICs)in Nanshan District,Shenzhen.Grounded in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT),the study employed semi-structured and photo-elicitation interviews to analyze how performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence,and facilitating conditions shape technology adoption.The findings reveal clear intergenerational differences:caregivers show higher acceptance and a better understanding of the benefits and functionalities of wearable and environmental monitoring devices,while older adults often express skepticism due to concerns over privacy,usability,and cost.Many elderly participants also cite discomfort,technical complexity,and lack of training as barriers to adoption.Despite these obstacles,both groups acknowledge the potential safety and health benefits of such technologies.The study highlights the need for privacy-by-design features,customized user interfaces,and enhanced digital literacy programs tailored to both elderly users and their caregivers.The research contributes to a sociotechnical understanding of aging-in-place technologies in China and provides actionable insights for developers,policymakers,and healthcare practitioners aiming to enhance home-based elder care.
文摘为探讨中国农村日常生活自理能力(activity of daily living, ADL)受损老年人的自理困境现状及其异质性和影响因素,基于安德森(Andersen)模型理论和中国健康与养老追踪调查(Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS)数据库,对农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状进行潜在类别分析,并采用单因素分析和多因素分类logistic回归,探讨不同潜在类别的影响因素.结果显示:在纳入的有效样本2 447人中,中国农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状存在3个潜在类别,即自理困境低危(占87.2%)、工具性困境高危(占4.1%)、自理困境高危(占8.7%);年龄、教育状况、居住方式、个人收入、贫困户状态、门诊利用次数、两年内体检情况、慢性病情况、自理独立等级、自评健康状况、生活满意度是影响老年人自理受困潜在类别的重要因素(P<0.05).由此可见,中国农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状存在群体异质性.相关部门应根据老年人不同的自理受困类别特征及其影响因素,采取更具针对性的措施,以改善我国农村ADL受损老年人的自理困境现状.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71473018)
文摘Architecture description languages play an important role in modelling software architectures. However, many architecture description languages （ADLs） are either unable to deal with the verification and dynamic changes directly or too formal to be understood and manipulated. This paper presents xBreeze/ADL, a novel extensible markup language （XML）-based verification and evolution supported architecture description language, which is specifically designed for modelling the software architecture of large, complex systems. Five principle design goals are 1） to separate template from instance to define a loose coupling structure, 2） to present virtual and concrete link to identify service execution flow, 3） to clearly represent component behaviour to specify architecture semantics, 4） to introduce multi-dimension restrictions to define the architecture constraints, and 5） to use the graph transformation theory to implement the architecture configuration management （i.e., reconfiguration and verification）. Various advanced features of xBreeze/ADL are illustrated by using an example on online movie ticket booking system.
