To study on the significance and basis of acidolysis index to China marine gas hydrate exploring, since 2006, 111 samples derived from Leg 164 and 204 of the Ocean Drilling Program （ODP） were analyzed in the experim...To study on the significance and basis of acidolysis index to China marine gas hydrate exploring, since 2006, 111 samples derived from Leg 164 and 204 of the Ocean Drilling Program （ODP） were analyzed in the experiment center of China Petroleum Exploration Research Institute to obtain data on acidolysis hydrocarbon index and methane carbon isotopes by the gas chromatography （GC） of PE AutoSystem XL and isotope mass spectrometer （IRMS） of Finnigan MAT25 I. Through these, we study the reliability of the acidolysis method and characterize the gas hydrate potential. The results show that the acidolysis hydrocarbon index has a stable correspondence with the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone （GHSZ） in the ODE and that there are clear abnormal signs in shallow samples that might reliably reflect the existence of authigenic carbonate caused by hydrocarbon migration from bottom hydrate. We therefore propose that the ability to characterize the acidolysis hydrocarbon is crucial to submarine gas hydrate exploration in China.展开更多
A novel struvite crystallization method induced by bioelectrochemical acidolysis of magnesia (MgO) was investigated to recover phosphorus (P) from aqueous solution using a dual-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (DME...A novel struvite crystallization method induced by bioelectrochemical acidolysis of magnesia (MgO) was investigated to recover phosphorus (P) from aqueous solution using a dual-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (DMEC).Magnesium ion (Mg2+) in the anolyte was firstly confirmed to automatically migrate from the anode chamber to the cathode chamber,and then react with ammonium (NH4+) and phosphate (PO34-) in the catholyte to form struvite.Recovery efficiency of 17.8%-60.2% was obtained with the various N/P ratios in the catholyte.When MgO (low solubility under alkali conditions) was added into the anolyte,the bioelectrochemical acidolysis of MgO naturally took place and the released Mg2+ induced struvite crystallization in the cathode chamber for P recovery likewise.Besides,there was a strong linear positive correlation between the recovery efficiency and the MgO dosage (R2 =0.935),applied voltage (R2 =0.969) and N/P ratio (R2 =0.905).Increasing the applied voltage was found to enhance the P recovery via promoting the MgO acidolysis and the released Mg2+ migration,while increasing the N/P ratio in the catholyte enhanced the P recovery via promoting the struvite crystallization.Moreover,the electrochemical performance of the system was promoted due to more stable anolyte pH and lower pH gradient between the two chambers.Current density was promoted by 10%,while the COD removal efficiency was improved from 78.2% to 91.8% in the anode chamber.展开更多
1 Introduction Although a mumerous of papers were reported for the chemcial or instrumental analysis of inorganic elements for the geocheical samples(Sun and Xie,2014;Sun et al.,2014;Rao et al.,2004).However,the analy...1 Introduction Although a mumerous of papers were reported for the chemcial or instrumental analysis of inorganic elements for the geocheical samples(Sun and Xie,2014;Sun et al.,2014;Rao et al.,2004).However,the analytical methods展开更多
The acidolysis gas in source rocks is the desorbed hydrocarbon gas in non-connected pores and carbonate crystal lattice,while the absorbed gas lies in the connected pores and is absorbed by surface.It is controversial...The acidolysis gas in source rocks is the desorbed hydrocarbon gas in non-connected pores and carbonate crystal lattice,while the absorbed gas lies in the connected pores and is absorbed by surface.It is controversial about whether to use absorbed gas or acidolysis gas in gas source correlation.Using the absorbed gas and acidolysis gas in the first member of the Middle Permian Maokou Fm(hereinafter referred to as Mao 1 member)of Fuling area in the Sichuan Basin,the differences of components and carbon isotopes between absorbed gas and acidolysis gas and their applicable conditions in gas source correlation were discussed.The results show that:(1)there are larger differences of components and isotopes between absorbed gas and acidolysis gas.The absorbed gas has more heavy hydrocarbons and heavier carbon isotope.This difference can be attributed to the easier diffusion of methane and light hydrocarbons in absorbed gas,leading to relatively enriched heavy hydrocarbons and heavier carbon isotope in absorbed gas;(2)acidolysis gas is a mixture of hydrocarbon gas formed during different stages,while absorbed gas is the result of equilibrium between diffusion and supply of hydrocarbon gas,which can result in the differences on carbon isotope sequences between them;(3)the characteristics of natural gas produced after acid fracturing in the Mao 1 member in Fuling area resembles those of acidolysis gas in source rocks,while the characteristics of natural gas produced without acid fracturing are more similar to those of adsorbed gas;(4)the natural gas pool of the Mao 1 member is a carbonate gas pool with self-generation and self-storage.It is concluded that for the gas pool formed after migration,its producing pays have not been processed by acid fracturing,the produced gas should be correlated with the adsorbed gas in source rocks;for the carbonate gas pool with self-generation and self-storage,acid fracturing is usually needed,and the produced gas should be correlated with the acidolysis gas in source rocks.展开更多
The present study describes an efficient and sustainable synthesis method for producing functional triglycerides(FTs)by conducting an acidolysis reaction of sacha inchi(Plukenetia volubilis)oil with capric acid(C10),c...The present study describes an efficient and sustainable synthesis method for producing functional triglycerides(FTs)by conducting an acidolysis reaction of sacha inchi(Plukenetia volubilis)oil with capric acid(C10),catalyzed by Rhizopus oryzae(RO)lipase immobilized in low-cost corn cob powder,to obtain medium-large-medium chain(MLM)triglycerides.Initially,acidolysis reactions were performed between sacha inchi oil,C10,and the immobilized enzyme in a stirred tank at various temperatures(35◦C,45◦C,55◦C,and 59◦C),different molar ratios(1:2,1:3,1:4 oil:fatty acid),and various hydrolytic enzyme activities(83.6,124,and 217 IU/mg).Subsequently,to optimize the degree of incorporation,the best condition from the stirred tank reactions(45◦C,1:3 M ratio,and 217 U of hydrolytic activity)was selected,considering the highest nutritional quality of the lipid in terms of the migration of the sn2 position,and was tested in a packed bed reactor with a spatial time of 112 min,residence time of 107 min,and a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.The highest incorporation degree achieved in packed bed reactor was 36%at 45◦C.Afterward,it was developed for the best condition an integrative platform for the recycling of the RO lipase immobilized in low-cost corn cob powder(up to four successive cycles without any make up).Subsequent assays on the functional triglycerides revealed atherogenic and thrombogenicity lipid index values of 0.04±0.10 and 4.15±0.05,respectively,which were lower than those of pure sacha inchi oil,indicating the potential to enhance the nutritional quality of the oil through C10 incorporation.展开更多
Medium-and long-chain triglycerides(MLCT)rich in arachidonic acid(ARA)were synthesized via acidolysis of microbial oil(MO)with caprylic acid(CA)using bio-imprinted lipase(BIL)as a catalyst.The optimal preparation cond...Medium-and long-chain triglycerides(MLCT)rich in arachidonic acid(ARA)were synthesized via acidolysis of microbial oil(MO)with caprylic acid(CA)using bio-imprinted lipase(BIL)as a catalyst.The optimal preparation conditions for bio-imprinting were as follows:Lipozyme RM IM as the catalyst,CA as the bio-imprinting template at a concentration of 6 mg/mL,Tween 20 at 15 mg/mL,and a buffer pH of 7.Under these conditions,the initial activity of BIL was 1.99 times higher than that of the non-bioimprinted enzyme.Thermodynamic analysis showed a decrease in activation energy from 26.46 kJ/mol to 18.08 kJ/mol after bio-imprinting.The molecular docking results revealed that the imprinted template(CA)interacted with Ser-161 of Lipozyme RM IM via a hydrogen bond,and its binding was further stabilized through additional hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions,thereby enhancing the enzyme's catalytic activity.Bio-imprinting had a lower binding energy and bound more tightly to substrates with shorter carbon chain lengths.The optimal conditions for MLCT synthesis were:BIL 8 wt%,60℃,CA/MO molar ratio of 2:1 and reaction time 4 h.The maximum incorporation rate of CA achieved was 27.82 mol%,and the contents of sn-2 ARA and sn-1,3CA in MLCT were 34.20 mol%and 37.44 mol%,respectively.These findings could contribute to advancing MLCT production and deepening the under-standing of the catalytic mechanism of lipase-mediated acidolysis reactions.展开更多
Hydrocarbons can be preserved in sedimentary deposits by absorption and includingsof diagenetic minerals during their formation from organic matter by catagenesis.Acidolysis hydrocarbon is mainly composed of C<sub&...Hydrocarbons can be preserved in sedimentary deposits by absorption and includingsof diagenetic minerals during their formation from organic matter by catagenesis.Acidolysis hydrocarbon is mainly composed of C<sub>1</sub>--C<sub>5</sub> gaseous hydrocarbons included indiagenetic minerals, such as carbonate and aluminosilicate. Its chemical展开更多
Medium-and long-chain structured lipids(MLSLs)rich in docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)were synthesized by acidolysis of fish oil(Omax 1812,a mixture of sardine and anchovy oils)with caprylic aci...Medium-and long-chain structured lipids(MLSLs)rich in docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)were synthesized by acidolysis of fish oil(Omax 1812,a mixture of sardine and anchovy oils)with caprylic acid(CA)using a lipase bio-imprinted with fatty acids as a catalyst.A bio-imprinted lipase for the acidolysis reaction was first prepared under optimal conditions,and its activity was 1.43 times higher than that of the non-bioimprinted.The bio-imprinted lipase was used as a catalyst to produce such MLSLs,and the reaction conditions were optimized.Under the optimal conditions,equilibrium was achieved in 8 h,and the total and the sn-1,3 CA contents in the obtained product were 28.72%and 42.26%.Additionally,the total and the sn-2 DHA contents were 14.23%and 21.10%,respectively,and the total and the sn-2 EPA contents were 16.43%and 10.14%,respectively.These obtained MLSLs,rich in sn-1,3 CA,and sn-2 DHA,EPA can deliver significant health benefits.展开更多
The blast furnace slag bearing Ti02 in Panzhihua, China, is an important resource to be utilized. In the present paper, the effects of the ratio of slag to H2S04, the reaction temperature, the particle size of the sla...The blast furnace slag bearing Ti02 in Panzhihua, China, is an important resource to be utilized. In the present paper, the effects of the ratio of slag to H2S04, the reaction temperature, the particle size of the slag, and the concentration of H2S04 on the reaction rate and the acidolysis ratio of Ti were studied. The results indicated that the maximum acidolysis ratio reached 98%, which can serve as an experimental basis for the production of titania from the slag.展开更多
The molecular structure of phospholipids can be changed enzymatically to obtain different tailor-made phospholipids.Incorporation ofω-3 fatty acids into phospholipids structure increased their oxidative stability,sug...The molecular structure of phospholipids can be changed enzymatically to obtain different tailor-made phospholipids.Incorporation ofω-3 fatty acids into phospholipids structure increased their oxidative stability,suggesting more health beneficial phospholipids.This study aimed to optimize eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)incorporation into phospholipids structure by acidolysis reaction using free lipase(EC 3.1.1.3)from Rhizomucor miehei.Deoiled soy lecithin from anjasmoro variety was used as phospholipids source,whileω-3 fatty acid enriched oil was used as acyl source.Oil enriched withω-3 fatty acids was obtained from low temperature solvent crystallization of lemuru(Sardinella longiceps)by-product.Response surface methodology(RSM)was used in this study to determine the relationship between the three factors(enzyme concentration,reaction time and substrate ratio)and their effects on EPA incorporation into soy lecithin structure.The results showed that the relation between EPA content with three factors(reaction time,enzyme concentration and substrate ratio)was quadratic.The significant factors were substrate ratio and reaction time.Optimum conditions at a ratio of 3.77:1 betweenω-3 fatty acids enriched oil and soy lecithin,30%lipase concentration,and 24.08 h reaction time,gave 22.81%of EPA content of structured phospholipids.展开更多
To achieve green hydrolysis technology of hemicellulose through repeated using hydrolysate, the hydrolysis of hemicellulose in corncob was studied. The influence of repeated use of corncob hydrolysate on concentration...To achieve green hydrolysis technology of hemicellulose through repeated using hydrolysate, the hydrolysis of hemicellulose in corncob was studied. The influence of repeated use of corncob hydrolysate on concentrations of D-xylose and L-arabinose was investigated. The loss rates of D-xylose in the prepared D-xylose solutions both with and without corncob, and repeated using corncob hydrolysate under identical acidity condition were discussed. The result shows that D-XyIOSe concentration and L-arabinose concentration are all gradually increas- ing with the growing time of repeated use of corncob hydrolysate. After the fifth repetition, the concentrations of D-xylose and L-arabinose are 196.7 g. L-1 and 22.0 g.L-1, respectively. Substance inhibiting the degradation of D-xylose is generated during repeated use of corncob hydrolysate, and the production is further proved by the change of D-xylose concentration and the loss rate of D-xylose over heating time.展开更多
Sichuan Basin is one of the structurally stable and gas-rich basins, being regarded as one of China＇s important natural gas industry bases. Puguang and Jiannan gas fields, located in the eastern Sichuan Basin are two...Sichuan Basin is one of the structurally stable and gas-rich basins, being regarded as one of China＇s important natural gas industry bases. Puguang and Jiannan gas fields, located in the eastern Sichuan Basin are two large fields with gas derived from Permian and Lower Triassic marine carbonate. The genesis of marine carbonate natural gas was examined using carbon isotope composition and hydrocarbon components of natural gas samples from the eastern and western Sichuan Basin, and compared with that of acidolysis gas derived from marine source rock in the eastern Sichuan Basin. It is concluded that the natural gas in the marine carbonate reservoir originated from pyrolysis of the earlier crude oil and light-oil, and then mixed with kerogen pyrolysis gas of the Permian and Lower Silurian source rock.展开更多
In an effort to utilize NMR technique for the analysis of the structural components of wood and biomasses such as lignin, we made a comparative study of lignin contents of several types of lignocellulosie materials bo...In an effort to utilize NMR technique for the analysis of the structural components of wood and biomasses such as lignin, we made a comparative study of lignin contents of several types of lignocellulosie materials both before and after enzymatic hydrolyses. To this end, Eucalyptus Globulus, Norway spruce thermomeehanieal pulp（TMP） corn stover and Eucalyptus kraft pulp were ball-milled and treated with cellulase to prepare materials with high lignin contents. These materials were analyzed via ^31p NMR in ionic liquids. The results show that the contents of various functional groups for the lignocellulosic materials after enzymatic hydrolyses are generally in agreement with those from their corresponding enzymatic mild acidolysis liginins（EMALs）, indicating that ^31p NMR analysis of lignocellulosic materials in ionic liquids is a promising method for quantitative characterization of lignocellulosic materials.展开更多
In this study,medium-and long-chain triacylglycerol(MLCT)structured lipids were synthesized by lipase catalyzed acidolysis of lauric acid(La)with four kinds of common edible oils of different fatty acid compositions,i...In this study,medium-and long-chain triacylglycerol(MLCT)structured lipids were synthesized by lipase catalyzed acidolysis of lauric acid(La)with four kinds of common edible oils of different fatty acid compositions,including palm oil(PO),camellia oleifera seed oil(CSO),soybean oil(SO)and flaxseed oil(FO).The lipases and reaction conditions including substrate molar ratio,reaction temperature,(time and enzyme loading)were optimized.The physicochemical properties of their MLCT products were determined.Moreover,the interaction mechanism between lipase and different MLCT molecules was revealed.The obtained optimum conditions were as follows:substrate molar ratios of 3:1(La/oil)for FO,SO,and CSO,7:1 for PO;enzyme loading of 8%,reaction temperature of 50℃,and reaction time of 6 h for PO,4 h for SO and 3 h for CSO and FO.Under the conditions,the product based on PO had the highest La content(40.37%)and MLCT yield(94.85%),followed by FO and SO,(29.86%,29.71%and 88.41%,87.55%,respectively),least on CSO(25.40%and 81.79%).The lipase established hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with triacylglycerol ligands.Triacylglycerol 1(3),2-Linolenin-3(1)-Laurin(LnLnLa,specific in FO-MLCT)exhibited strongest binding activity with Lipozyme RM.Compared with substrate oils,the corresponding MLCT structured lipids showed improved thermal behavior and significant differences in the crystallization temperature as a result of acidolysis esterification.This study developed diverse MLCTs with La,and provided an in-depth understanding of the relationships between substrate composition,interaction,and MLCT structured lipids.展开更多
Waste plastics are serious environmental threats due to their low degradability and low recycling rate.Rapid and efficient waste plastics recycling technologies are urgently demanded for a sustainable future.Herein,we...Waste plastics are serious environmental threats due to their low degradability and low recycling rate.Rapid and efficient waste plastics recycling technologies are urgently demanded for a sustainable future.Herein,we report a rapid,closed-loop,and streamlined process to convert polyesters such as poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)back to its purified monomers.Using trifluoromethanesulfonic acid or metal triflates as the recyclable catalyst,polyesters such as PET can be completely depolymerized by simple carboxylic acids within 1 h.By coupling this acidolysis with a subsequent hydrogenolysis process,the consumed carboxylic acid was recovered and the closed-loop of PET depolymerization could be established.All catalysts and depolymerization agents are fully recycled while only PET and hydrogen are consumed.展开更多
Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the degree of esterification of p-coumaric acid to triolein via lipase-catalyzed acidolysis, and enzyme load, reaction time and mole ratio of substrates were sel...Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the degree of esterification of p-coumaric acid to triolein via lipase-catalyzed acidolysis, and enzyme load, reaction time and mole ratio of substrates were selected as variables in the experimental design. The results showed that the model employed was highly sufficient for determining the effectiveness and interaction of three selected variables, enzyme load, reaction time and the mole ratio of substrates, on the dependent variable, the degree of esterification. Although the optimization point was not found in the selected range of the three variables, the steepest ascent analysis suggested that an increase of these three variables might lead to a stationary point. However, based on the limitations on increasing the range of tested variables, including possible oxidation of synthesized lipids and increased cost, the degree of esterification so yielded in the designed central composite design should be the one closest to the possible ideal optimized degree. The p-coumarates so produced exhibited varying antioxidant performance in the tested muscle food model, which could be explained by their different lipophilicity. Moreover, the potential health benefits of synthesized phenolic lipids have been discussed.展开更多
基金support from the Fluid Geochemical Site Detection Technology of Gas Hydrate(2006AA09204)In-situ Detection Technology of Gas Hydrate(2006AA09205) and (2007AA09Z307)
文摘To study on the significance and basis of acidolysis index to China marine gas hydrate exploring, since 2006, 111 samples derived from Leg 164 and 204 of the Ocean Drilling Program （ODP） were analyzed in the experiment center of China Petroleum Exploration Research Institute to obtain data on acidolysis hydrocarbon index and methane carbon isotopes by the gas chromatography （GC） of PE AutoSystem XL and isotope mass spectrometer （IRMS） of Finnigan MAT25 I. Through these, we study the reliability of the acidolysis method and characterize the gas hydrate potential. The results show that the acidolysis hydrocarbon index has a stable correspondence with the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone （GHSZ） in the ODE and that there are clear abnormal signs in shallow samples that might reliably reflect the existence of authigenic carbonate caused by hydrocarbon migration from bottom hydrate. We therefore propose that the ability to characterize the acidolysis hydrocarbon is crucial to submarine gas hydrate exploration in China.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC0403400)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Foundation of Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,Ministry of Education(Tongji University),China(No.YRWEF201805)
文摘A novel struvite crystallization method induced by bioelectrochemical acidolysis of magnesia (MgO) was investigated to recover phosphorus (P) from aqueous solution using a dual-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (DMEC).Magnesium ion (Mg2+) in the anolyte was firstly confirmed to automatically migrate from the anode chamber to the cathode chamber,and then react with ammonium (NH4+) and phosphate (PO34-) in the catholyte to form struvite.Recovery efficiency of 17.8%-60.2% was obtained with the various N/P ratios in the catholyte.When MgO (low solubility under alkali conditions) was added into the anolyte,the bioelectrochemical acidolysis of MgO naturally took place and the released Mg2+ induced struvite crystallization in the cathode chamber for P recovery likewise.Besides,there was a strong linear positive correlation between the recovery efficiency and the MgO dosage (R2 =0.935),applied voltage (R2 =0.969) and N/P ratio (R2 =0.905).Increasing the applied voltage was found to enhance the P recovery via promoting the MgO acidolysis and the released Mg2+ migration,while increasing the N/P ratio in the catholyte enhanced the P recovery via promoting the struvite crystallization.Moreover,the electrochemical performance of the system was promoted due to more stable anolyte pH and lower pH gradient between the two chambers.Current density was promoted by 10%,while the COD removal efficiency was improved from 78.2% to 91.8% in the anode chamber.
基金Financial support from the Special Fundamental Scientific Research Fund for the National Public Welfare Institutes (AS2010J03)
文摘1 Introduction Although a mumerous of papers were reported for the chemcial or instrumental analysis of inorganic elements for the geocheical samples(Sun and Xie,2014;Sun et al.,2014;Rao et al.,2004).However,the analytical methods
基金supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project“Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mechanism of marine source strata and evaluation technology”(No.:2017ZX05005-001-003)the Science&Technology Project of Sinopec Exploration Company“Evaluation on hydrocarbon generation potential in Mao 1 Member,Fuling area”(No.:35450003-17-ZC0607-0032).
文摘The acidolysis gas in source rocks is the desorbed hydrocarbon gas in non-connected pores and carbonate crystal lattice,while the absorbed gas lies in the connected pores and is absorbed by surface.It is controversial about whether to use absorbed gas or acidolysis gas in gas source correlation.Using the absorbed gas and acidolysis gas in the first member of the Middle Permian Maokou Fm(hereinafter referred to as Mao 1 member)of Fuling area in the Sichuan Basin,the differences of components and carbon isotopes between absorbed gas and acidolysis gas and their applicable conditions in gas source correlation were discussed.The results show that:(1)there are larger differences of components and isotopes between absorbed gas and acidolysis gas.The absorbed gas has more heavy hydrocarbons and heavier carbon isotope.This difference can be attributed to the easier diffusion of methane and light hydrocarbons in absorbed gas,leading to relatively enriched heavy hydrocarbons and heavier carbon isotope in absorbed gas;(2)acidolysis gas is a mixture of hydrocarbon gas formed during different stages,while absorbed gas is the result of equilibrium between diffusion and supply of hydrocarbon gas,which can result in the differences on carbon isotope sequences between them;(3)the characteristics of natural gas produced after acid fracturing in the Mao 1 member in Fuling area resembles those of acidolysis gas in source rocks,while the characteristics of natural gas produced without acid fracturing are more similar to those of adsorbed gas;(4)the natural gas pool of the Mao 1 member is a carbonate gas pool with self-generation and self-storage.It is concluded that for the gas pool formed after migration,its producing pays have not been processed by acid fracturing,the produced gas should be correlated with the adsorbed gas in source rocks;for the carbonate gas pool with self-generation and self-storage,acid fracturing is usually needed,and the produced gas should be correlated with the acidolysis gas in source rocks.
基金financially supported by Ministry of Science,Technology,and Innovation of Colombia(Minciencias),Postsecondary Education Agency of the Mayor’s Office of Medellin(Colombia),Internationalization fund under the modality of international counterparts.University of Antioquia.CUM was supported by grants from the VINCI-DI de l PUCV(grants no.039.338/2023 and 039.369/2023).
文摘The present study describes an efficient and sustainable synthesis method for producing functional triglycerides(FTs)by conducting an acidolysis reaction of sacha inchi(Plukenetia volubilis)oil with capric acid(C10),catalyzed by Rhizopus oryzae(RO)lipase immobilized in low-cost corn cob powder,to obtain medium-large-medium chain(MLM)triglycerides.Initially,acidolysis reactions were performed between sacha inchi oil,C10,and the immobilized enzyme in a stirred tank at various temperatures(35◦C,45◦C,55◦C,and 59◦C),different molar ratios(1:2,1:3,1:4 oil:fatty acid),and various hydrolytic enzyme activities(83.6,124,and 217 IU/mg).Subsequently,to optimize the degree of incorporation,the best condition from the stirred tank reactions(45◦C,1:3 M ratio,and 217 U of hydrolytic activity)was selected,considering the highest nutritional quality of the lipid in terms of the migration of the sn2 position,and was tested in a packed bed reactor with a spatial time of 112 min,residence time of 107 min,and a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.The highest incorporation degree achieved in packed bed reactor was 36%at 45◦C.Afterward,it was developed for the best condition an integrative platform for the recycling of the RO lipase immobilized in low-cost corn cob powder(up to four successive cycles without any make up).Subsequent assays on the functional triglycerides revealed atherogenic and thrombogenicity lipid index values of 0.04±0.10 and 4.15±0.05,respectively,which were lower than those of pure sacha inchi oil,indicating the potential to enhance the nutritional quality of the oil through C10 incorporation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601433)。
文摘Medium-and long-chain triglycerides(MLCT)rich in arachidonic acid(ARA)were synthesized via acidolysis of microbial oil(MO)with caprylic acid(CA)using bio-imprinted lipase(BIL)as a catalyst.The optimal preparation conditions for bio-imprinting were as follows:Lipozyme RM IM as the catalyst,CA as the bio-imprinting template at a concentration of 6 mg/mL,Tween 20 at 15 mg/mL,and a buffer pH of 7.Under these conditions,the initial activity of BIL was 1.99 times higher than that of the non-bioimprinted enzyme.Thermodynamic analysis showed a decrease in activation energy from 26.46 kJ/mol to 18.08 kJ/mol after bio-imprinting.The molecular docking results revealed that the imprinted template(CA)interacted with Ser-161 of Lipozyme RM IM via a hydrogen bond,and its binding was further stabilized through additional hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions,thereby enhancing the enzyme's catalytic activity.Bio-imprinting had a lower binding energy and bound more tightly to substrates with shorter carbon chain lengths.The optimal conditions for MLCT synthesis were:BIL 8 wt%,60℃,CA/MO molar ratio of 2:1 and reaction time 4 h.The maximum incorporation rate of CA achieved was 27.82 mol%,and the contents of sn-2 ARA and sn-1,3CA in MLCT were 34.20 mol%and 37.44 mol%,respectively.These findings could contribute to advancing MLCT production and deepening the under-standing of the catalytic mechanism of lipase-mediated acidolysis reactions.
文摘Hydrocarbons can be preserved in sedimentary deposits by absorption and includingsof diagenetic minerals during their formation from organic matter by catagenesis.Acidolysis hydrocarbon is mainly composed of C<sub>1</sub>--C<sub>5</sub> gaseous hydrocarbons included indiagenetic minerals, such as carbonate and aluminosilicate. Its chemical
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601433).
文摘Medium-and long-chain structured lipids(MLSLs)rich in docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)were synthesized by acidolysis of fish oil(Omax 1812,a mixture of sardine and anchovy oils)with caprylic acid(CA)using a lipase bio-imprinted with fatty acids as a catalyst.A bio-imprinted lipase for the acidolysis reaction was first prepared under optimal conditions,and its activity was 1.43 times higher than that of the non-bioimprinted.The bio-imprinted lipase was used as a catalyst to produce such MLSLs,and the reaction conditions were optimized.Under the optimal conditions,equilibrium was achieved in 8 h,and the total and the sn-1,3 CA contents in the obtained product were 28.72%and 42.26%.Additionally,the total and the sn-2 DHA contents were 14.23%and 21.10%,respectively,and the total and the sn-2 EPA contents were 16.43%and 10.14%,respectively.These obtained MLSLs,rich in sn-1,3 CA,and sn-2 DHA,EPA can deliver significant health benefits.
文摘The blast furnace slag bearing Ti02 in Panzhihua, China, is an important resource to be utilized. In the present paper, the effects of the ratio of slag to H2S04, the reaction temperature, the particle size of the slag, and the concentration of H2S04 on the reaction rate and the acidolysis ratio of Ti were studied. The results indicated that the maximum acidolysis ratio reached 98%, which can serve as an experimental basis for the production of titania from the slag.
文摘The molecular structure of phospholipids can be changed enzymatically to obtain different tailor-made phospholipids.Incorporation ofω-3 fatty acids into phospholipids structure increased their oxidative stability,suggesting more health beneficial phospholipids.This study aimed to optimize eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)incorporation into phospholipids structure by acidolysis reaction using free lipase(EC 3.1.1.3)from Rhizomucor miehei.Deoiled soy lecithin from anjasmoro variety was used as phospholipids source,whileω-3 fatty acid enriched oil was used as acyl source.Oil enriched withω-3 fatty acids was obtained from low temperature solvent crystallization of lemuru(Sardinella longiceps)by-product.Response surface methodology(RSM)was used in this study to determine the relationship between the three factors(enzyme concentration,reaction time and substrate ratio)and their effects on EPA incorporation into soy lecithin structure.The results showed that the relation between EPA content with three factors(reaction time,enzyme concentration and substrate ratio)was quadratic.The significant factors were substrate ratio and reaction time.Optimum conditions at a ratio of 3.77:1 betweenω-3 fatty acids enriched oil and soy lecithin,30%lipase concentration,and 24.08 h reaction time,gave 22.81%of EPA content of structured phospholipids.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376231)
文摘To achieve green hydrolysis technology of hemicellulose through repeated using hydrolysate, the hydrolysis of hemicellulose in corncob was studied. The influence of repeated use of corncob hydrolysate on concentrations of D-xylose and L-arabinose was investigated. The loss rates of D-xylose in the prepared D-xylose solutions both with and without corncob, and repeated using corncob hydrolysate under identical acidity condition were discussed. The result shows that D-XyIOSe concentration and L-arabinose concentration are all gradually increas- ing with the growing time of repeated use of corncob hydrolysate. After the fifth repetition, the concentrations of D-xylose and L-arabinose are 196.7 g. L-1 and 22.0 g.L-1, respectively. Substance inhibiting the degradation of D-xylose is generated during repeated use of corncob hydrolysate, and the production is further proved by the change of D-xylose concentration and the loss rate of D-xylose over heating time.
文摘Sichuan Basin is one of the structurally stable and gas-rich basins, being regarded as one of China＇s important natural gas industry bases. Puguang and Jiannan gas fields, located in the eastern Sichuan Basin are two large fields with gas derived from Permian and Lower Triassic marine carbonate. The genesis of marine carbonate natural gas was examined using carbon isotope composition and hydrocarbon components of natural gas samples from the eastern and western Sichuan Basin, and compared with that of acidolysis gas derived from marine source rock in the eastern Sichuan Basin. It is concluded that the natural gas in the marine carbonate reservoir originated from pyrolysis of the earlier crude oil and light-oil, and then mixed with kerogen pyrolysis gas of the Permian and Lower Silurian source rock.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, Ministry of Education, China and the Scientific and Technological Development Programs of of Beijing Municipal Education Commission (No.KM201010011004)
文摘In an effort to utilize NMR technique for the analysis of the structural components of wood and biomasses such as lignin, we made a comparative study of lignin contents of several types of lignocellulosie materials both before and after enzymatic hydrolyses. To this end, Eucalyptus Globulus, Norway spruce thermomeehanieal pulp（TMP） corn stover and Eucalyptus kraft pulp were ball-milled and treated with cellulase to prepare materials with high lignin contents. These materials were analyzed via ^31p NMR in ionic liquids. The results show that the contents of various functional groups for the lignocellulosic materials after enzymatic hydrolyses are generally in agreement with those from their corresponding enzymatic mild acidolysis liginins（EMALs）, indicating that ^31p NMR analysis of lignocellulosic materials in ionic liquids is a promising method for quantitative characterization of lignocellulosic materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372469,32302223 and 31871763)Basic Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang University of Science and Technology(2023QN032)+1 种基金Zhejiang Province Key Science and Technology Projects(2023C02042,2023C02045)Agriculture and Social Development Projects of Hangzhou(202203A11).
文摘In this study,medium-and long-chain triacylglycerol(MLCT)structured lipids were synthesized by lipase catalyzed acidolysis of lauric acid(La)with four kinds of common edible oils of different fatty acid compositions,including palm oil(PO),camellia oleifera seed oil(CSO),soybean oil(SO)and flaxseed oil(FO).The lipases and reaction conditions including substrate molar ratio,reaction temperature,(time and enzyme loading)were optimized.The physicochemical properties of their MLCT products were determined.Moreover,the interaction mechanism between lipase and different MLCT molecules was revealed.The obtained optimum conditions were as follows:substrate molar ratios of 3:1(La/oil)for FO,SO,and CSO,7:1 for PO;enzyme loading of 8%,reaction temperature of 50℃,and reaction time of 6 h for PO,4 h for SO and 3 h for CSO and FO.Under the conditions,the product based on PO had the highest La content(40.37%)and MLCT yield(94.85%),followed by FO and SO,(29.86%,29.71%and 88.41%,87.55%,respectively),least on CSO(25.40%and 81.79%).The lipase established hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with triacylglycerol ligands.Triacylglycerol 1(3),2-Linolenin-3(1)-Laurin(LnLnLa,specific in FO-MLCT)exhibited strongest binding activity with Lipozyme RM.Compared with substrate oils,the corresponding MLCT structured lipids showed improved thermal behavior and significant differences in the crystallization temperature as a result of acidolysis esterification.This study developed diverse MLCTs with La,and provided an in-depth understanding of the relationships between substrate composition,interaction,and MLCT structured lipids.
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21673141)ShanghaiTech University start-up fundingsupport from the Analytical Instrumentation Center(Grant No.SPST-AIC10112914),SPST,ShanghaiTech University,for compound characterization
文摘Waste plastics are serious environmental threats due to their low degradability and low recycling rate.Rapid and efficient waste plastics recycling technologies are urgently demanded for a sustainable future.Herein,we report a rapid,closed-loop,and streamlined process to convert polyesters such as poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)back to its purified monomers.Using trifluoromethanesulfonic acid or metal triflates as the recyclable catalyst,polyesters such as PET can be completely depolymerized by simple carboxylic acids within 1 h.By coupling this acidolysis with a subsequent hydrogenolysis process,the consumed carboxylic acid was recovered and the closed-loop of PET depolymerization could be established.All catalysts and depolymerization agents are fully recycled while only PET and hydrogen are consumed.
基金support from the Department of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province, P. R. China (No. 2020NY-102)The author FS thanks the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada for support in the form of a Discovery Grant.
文摘Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the degree of esterification of p-coumaric acid to triolein via lipase-catalyzed acidolysis, and enzyme load, reaction time and mole ratio of substrates were selected as variables in the experimental design. The results showed that the model employed was highly sufficient for determining the effectiveness and interaction of three selected variables, enzyme load, reaction time and the mole ratio of substrates, on the dependent variable, the degree of esterification. Although the optimization point was not found in the selected range of the three variables, the steepest ascent analysis suggested that an increase of these three variables might lead to a stationary point. However, based on the limitations on increasing the range of tested variables, including possible oxidation of synthesized lipids and increased cost, the degree of esterification so yielded in the designed central composite design should be the one closest to the possible ideal optimized degree. The p-coumarates so produced exhibited varying antioxidant performance in the tested muscle food model, which could be explained by their different lipophilicity. Moreover, the potential health benefits of synthesized phenolic lipids have been discussed.
