前言美国骨科医师学会（American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons，AAOS）腕管综合征（carpal tunnel syndrome，CTS）管理循证指南包括诊断和治疗两方面。这一指南目前已得到美国手外科学会（American Society for Surgery of the H...前言美国骨科医师学会（American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons，AAOS）腕管综合征（carpal tunnel syndrome，CTS）管理循证指南包括诊断和治疗两方面。这一指南目前已得到美国手外科学会（American Society for Surgery of the Hand，ASSH）、美国放射学会（American College of Radiology，ACR）、美国外科医师学会（American College of Surgeons，ACS）和美国整形医师学会（American Society of Plastic Surgeons，ASPS）的认可。以下为AAOS临床实践指南的简短摘要，逐条列出推荐意见及其推荐级别，如需了解每条推荐意见形成的过程及其完整的证据报告，可查阅www.aaos.org/guidelines上发布的完整指南。展开更多
Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor.An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and corncob...Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor.An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and corncob,which was utilized as external carbon source in the anaerobic anoxic oxic(AAO)-biofilter for the treatment of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic sewage,and the nitrogen removal was remarkably improved from 63.2%to 96.5%.Furthermore,the effluent chemical oxygen demand maintained at 35 mg/L or even lower,and the total nitrogenwas reduced to less than 2mg/L.Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the microbial communities responsible for potential denitrification and organic matter degradation in both AAO and the biofilter reactors were mainly composed of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,respectively.The solid carbon source addition resulted in relatively high abundance of functional enzymes responsible for NO_(3)^(−)-N to NO_(2)^(−)-N con-version in both AAO and the biofilter reactors,thus enabled stable reaction.The carbon source addition during glycolysis primarily led to the increase of genes associated with the metabolic conversion of fructose 1.6P2 to glycerol-3P The reactor maintained high abun-dance of genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and then guaranteed efficient carbon metabolism.The results indicate that the composite carbon source is feasible for denitri-fication enhancement of AAO-biofilter,which contribute to the theoretical foundation for practical nitrogen removal application.展开更多
文摘前言美国骨科医师学会（American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons，AAOS）腕管综合征（carpal tunnel syndrome，CTS）管理循证指南包括诊断和治疗两方面。这一指南目前已得到美国手外科学会（American Society for Surgery of the Hand，ASSH）、美国放射学会（American College of Radiology，ACR）、美国外科医师学会（American College of Surgeons，ACS）和美国整形医师学会（American Society of Plastic Surgeons，ASPS）的认可。以下为AAOS临床实践指南的简短摘要，逐条列出推荐意见及其推荐级别，如需了解每条推荐意见形成的过程及其完整的证据报告，可查阅www.aaos.org/guidelines上发布的完整指南。
基金supported by the Special Funds for Chengde national innovation demonstration area construction of science and technology special project sustainable development agenda(No.202104F001)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2019YFC0408602).
文摘Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor.An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and corncob,which was utilized as external carbon source in the anaerobic anoxic oxic(AAO)-biofilter for the treatment of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic sewage,and the nitrogen removal was remarkably improved from 63.2%to 96.5%.Furthermore,the effluent chemical oxygen demand maintained at 35 mg/L or even lower,and the total nitrogenwas reduced to less than 2mg/L.Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the microbial communities responsible for potential denitrification and organic matter degradation in both AAO and the biofilter reactors were mainly composed of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,respectively.The solid carbon source addition resulted in relatively high abundance of functional enzymes responsible for NO_(3)^(−)-N to NO_(2)^(−)-N con-version in both AAO and the biofilter reactors,thus enabled stable reaction.The carbon source addition during glycolysis primarily led to the increase of genes associated with the metabolic conversion of fructose 1.6P2 to glycerol-3P The reactor maintained high abun-dance of genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and then guaranteed efficient carbon metabolism.The results indicate that the composite carbon source is feasible for denitri-fication enhancement of AAO-biofilter,which contribute to the theoretical foundation for practical nitrogen removal application.
