Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is now a common cause of cancer death,with no obvious change in patient survival over the past few years.Although the traditional therapeutic modalities for HCC patients mainly involved in...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is now a common cause of cancer death,with no obvious change in patient survival over the past few years.Although the traditional therapeutic modalities for HCC patients mainly involved in surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy,which have achieved admirable achievements,challenges are still existed,such as drug resistance and toxicity.The emerging gene therapy of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9-based(CRISPR/Cas9),as an alternative to traditional treatment methods,has attracted considerable attention for eradicating resistant malignant tumors and regulating multiple crucial events of target gene-editing.Recently,advances in CRISPR/Cas9-based anti-drugs are presented at the intersection of science,such as chemistry,materials science,tumor biology,and genetics.In this review,the principle as well as statues of CRISPR/Cas9 technique were introduced first to show its feasibility.Additionally,the emphasis was placed on the applications of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in therapeutic HCC.Further,a broad overview of non-viral delivery systems for the CRISPR/Cas9-based anti-drugs in HCC treatment was summarized to delineate their design,action mechanisms,and anticancer applications.Finally,the limitations and prospects of current studies were also discussed,and we hope to provide comprehensively theoretical basis for the designing of anti-drugs.展开更多
A neurological abnormality called autism spectrum disorder(ASD)affects how a person perceives and interacts with others,leading to social interaction and communication issues.Limited and recurring behavioural patterns...A neurological abnormality called autism spectrum disorder(ASD)affects how a person perceives and interacts with others,leading to social interaction and communication issues.Limited and recurring behavioural patterns are another feature of the illness.Multiple mutations throughout development are the source of the neurodevelopmental disorder autism.However,a well-established model and perfect treatment for this spectrum disease has not been discovered.The rising era of the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-associated protein 9(Cas9)system can streamline the complexity underlying the pathogenesis of ASD.The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful genetic engineering tool used to edit the genome at the targeted site in a precise manner.The major hurdle in studying ASD is the lack of appropriate animal models presenting the complex symptoms of ASD.Therefore,CRISPR-Cas9 is being used worldwide to mimic the ASD-like pathology in various systems like in vitro cell lines,in vitro 3D organoid models and in vivo animal models.Apart from being used in establishing ASD models,CRISPR-Cas9 can also be used to treat the complexities of ASD.The aim of this review was to summarize and critically analyse the CRISPRCas9-mediated discoveries in the field of ASD.展开更多
目的探究骨科手术国际疾病分类(international classification of diseases,ICD)-9编码中的常见缺陷,分析其发生原因,并采取针对性的改进策略,提升骨科手术ICD编码准确率。方法选取2022年8月—2023年12月福建医科大学附属漳州市医院接收...目的探究骨科手术国际疾病分类(international classification of diseases,ICD)-9编码中的常见缺陷,分析其发生原因,并采取针对性的改进策略,提升骨科手术ICD编码准确率。方法选取2022年8月—2023年12月福建医科大学附属漳州市医院接收的1500例骨科患者的住院病案,选择两名编码员对骨科手术ICD-9编码中常见的缺陷,以及导致缺陷产生的原因进行分析,探讨骨科手术ICD-9编码改进措施。结果1500例骨科手术ICD-9编码中112例手术ICD-9编码缺陷,骨科手术ICD-9编码缺陷发生率为7.47%(112/1500),常见的骨科手术ICD-9编码缺陷主要为编码遗漏、手术名称与信息不相符、手术记录信息遗漏和编码错误等。骨科手术ICD-9编码缺陷产生的原因包括未规范书写手术操作名称、未仔细阅读病历、未充分掌握编码原则和脱离工具书4个因素。结论骨科手术ICD-9编码常见缺陷以编码信息遗漏与错误为主,造成编码人员编码缺陷的原因则与其未能充分掌握疾病分类、在临床手术中阅读手术记录不仔细等因素有关。针对上述情况,还要加强对骨科手术ICD-9编码缺陷的改进,加强对编码工作人员和临床医生进行培训,并强化质量控制与管理。展开更多
Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)exopolysaccharides(EPS)reveal high safety and multiple activities,and are typical postbiotics produced by LAB during fermentation.In this paper,6583 articles on LAB-EPS from Web of Science and...Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)exopolysaccharides(EPS)reveal high safety and multiple activities,and are typical postbiotics produced by LAB during fermentation.In this paper,6583 articles on LAB-EPS from Web of Science and Elsevier databases were retrieved,and 236 articles related to this review were screened.The EPS from 90 LAB strains were summarized in terms of their extraction methods,yield,molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,glycosidic bond configuration and the structural and activity relationships(SARs).However,there exist great challenges as for the low yield and high cost in EPS production.Therefore,this review further elaborated the mechanism of EPS secretion,the anabolic pathway of EPS,the structure and mechanism of key enzymes involving in EPS synthesis process,the prospect of gene regulation for EPS secretion,and proposed the engineering strategies for increasing EPS yield or tailored EPS design in recent years.In addition,CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was also discussed in the production control of EPS in LAB.Finally,the engineering strategy of increasing EPS yield in recent years was proposed.This work might provide important theoretical support for the production and application of LAB-based EPS.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.82172767).
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is now a common cause of cancer death,with no obvious change in patient survival over the past few years.Although the traditional therapeutic modalities for HCC patients mainly involved in surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy,which have achieved admirable achievements,challenges are still existed,such as drug resistance and toxicity.The emerging gene therapy of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9-based(CRISPR/Cas9),as an alternative to traditional treatment methods,has attracted considerable attention for eradicating resistant malignant tumors and regulating multiple crucial events of target gene-editing.Recently,advances in CRISPR/Cas9-based anti-drugs are presented at the intersection of science,such as chemistry,materials science,tumor biology,and genetics.In this review,the principle as well as statues of CRISPR/Cas9 technique were introduced first to show its feasibility.Additionally,the emphasis was placed on the applications of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in therapeutic HCC.Further,a broad overview of non-viral delivery systems for the CRISPR/Cas9-based anti-drugs in HCC treatment was summarized to delineate their design,action mechanisms,and anticancer applications.Finally,the limitations and prospects of current studies were also discussed,and we hope to provide comprehensively theoretical basis for the designing of anti-drugs.
文摘A neurological abnormality called autism spectrum disorder(ASD)affects how a person perceives and interacts with others,leading to social interaction and communication issues.Limited and recurring behavioural patterns are another feature of the illness.Multiple mutations throughout development are the source of the neurodevelopmental disorder autism.However,a well-established model and perfect treatment for this spectrum disease has not been discovered.The rising era of the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-associated protein 9(Cas9)system can streamline the complexity underlying the pathogenesis of ASD.The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful genetic engineering tool used to edit the genome at the targeted site in a precise manner.The major hurdle in studying ASD is the lack of appropriate animal models presenting the complex symptoms of ASD.Therefore,CRISPR-Cas9 is being used worldwide to mimic the ASD-like pathology in various systems like in vitro cell lines,in vitro 3D organoid models and in vivo animal models.Apart from being used in establishing ASD models,CRISPR-Cas9 can also be used to treat the complexities of ASD.The aim of this review was to summarize and critically analyse the CRISPRCas9-mediated discoveries in the field of ASD.
文摘目的探究骨科手术国际疾病分类(international classification of diseases,ICD)-9编码中的常见缺陷,分析其发生原因,并采取针对性的改进策略,提升骨科手术ICD编码准确率。方法选取2022年8月—2023年12月福建医科大学附属漳州市医院接收的1500例骨科患者的住院病案,选择两名编码员对骨科手术ICD-9编码中常见的缺陷,以及导致缺陷产生的原因进行分析,探讨骨科手术ICD-9编码改进措施。结果1500例骨科手术ICD-9编码中112例手术ICD-9编码缺陷,骨科手术ICD-9编码缺陷发生率为7.47%(112/1500),常见的骨科手术ICD-9编码缺陷主要为编码遗漏、手术名称与信息不相符、手术记录信息遗漏和编码错误等。骨科手术ICD-9编码缺陷产生的原因包括未规范书写手术操作名称、未仔细阅读病历、未充分掌握编码原则和脱离工具书4个因素。结论骨科手术ICD-9编码常见缺陷以编码信息遗漏与错误为主,造成编码人员编码缺陷的原因则与其未能充分掌握疾病分类、在临床手术中阅读手术记录不仔细等因素有关。针对上述情况,还要加强对骨科手术ICD-9编码缺陷的改进,加强对编码工作人员和临床医生进行培训,并强化质量控制与管理。
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LH2021C075)Basic Research Business Expenses and Research Projects of Provincial Higher Education Institutions in Heilongjiang Province(2022-KYYWF-1077).
文摘Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)exopolysaccharides(EPS)reveal high safety and multiple activities,and are typical postbiotics produced by LAB during fermentation.In this paper,6583 articles on LAB-EPS from Web of Science and Elsevier databases were retrieved,and 236 articles related to this review were screened.The EPS from 90 LAB strains were summarized in terms of their extraction methods,yield,molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,glycosidic bond configuration and the structural and activity relationships(SARs).However,there exist great challenges as for the low yield and high cost in EPS production.Therefore,this review further elaborated the mechanism of EPS secretion,the anabolic pathway of EPS,the structure and mechanism of key enzymes involving in EPS synthesis process,the prospect of gene regulation for EPS secretion,and proposed the engineering strategies for increasing EPS yield or tailored EPS design in recent years.In addition,CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was also discussed in the production control of EPS in LAB.Finally,the engineering strategy of increasing EPS yield in recent years was proposed.This work might provide important theoretical support for the production and application of LAB-based EPS.
