The bimetallic catalyst Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 was prepared by impregnating H 2PtCl 6 and RuCl 3 aqueous solution in the presence of PVP(40 000). Its catalytic performance in selective hydrogenation of \{ p -chloronitrobe...The bimetallic catalyst Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 was prepared by impregnating H 2PtCl 6 and RuCl 3 aqueous solution in the presence of PVP(40 000). Its catalytic performance in selective hydrogenation of \{ p -chloronitrobenzene\}( p -CNB) was studied. The results indicate that the activity of Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3[\{ n (ruthenium)\}∶ n (platinum)=4∶1] is much higher than that of Ru/ γ -Al 2O 3,while the amount of dehalogenation product(aniline) and other by-products are much fewer than that by using Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 as the catalyst. There is synergistic effect of ruthenium and platinum in bimetallic catalyst for selective hydrogenation of p -CNB. Under the reaction conditions t =50 ℃, p H 2 = 1.0 MPa, reaction time 60 min,\{ n (substrate)∶\} n (total amount of metal content)=1000∶1,the conversion of p -CNB and the selectivity to p -chloroaniline( p -CNA) by using Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 as the catalyst are 48.2% and 85.9%,respectively. The effect of other metal cations(introduced to the reaction system with the corresponding metal chloride solution) on the reaction was investigated. It was found that catalytic performance of Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 could be greatly improved by modfication of some metal cations. When Co 2+ and Ni 2+ were used as modifiers for the catalyst Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 under above mentioned reaction conditions,the conversions of p -CNB increase to 74.5% and 87.8%,as well as the selectivities of p -CAN increase to 98.9% and 99.4%,respectively. Fe 3+ and Sn 4+ were the best modifiers for Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 under the same reaction conditions. The conversions of p -CNB and the selectivities of p -CAN can reach 100% and >99.0%,respectively. However,the catalysts can be poisoned by Zn 2+ and Sn 2+ .展开更多
A new type of philosophy and mathematics from the pansystems view is introduced here, including the 7 philosophy theories (7PT) and related mathematizing researches. Many second/third philosophies are developed within...A new type of philosophy and mathematics from the pansystems view is introduced here, including the 7 philosophy theories (7PT) and related mathematizing researches. Many second/third philosophies are developed within pansystems framework and related applications to APT MS.展开更多
A new type of philosophy and mathematics from the pansytems view is introduced here,including the 7 philosophic theories(7PT)and related mathematic researches.Many second/third philosophies are developed within pansvs...A new type of philosophy and mathematics from the pansytems view is introduced here,including the 7 philosophic theories(7PT)and related mathematic researches.Many second/third philosophies are developed within pansvstems framework and related applications to APTMS.展开更多
A new type of philosophy from the view of pansystems is introducedhere,including the 7 philosophy theories(7PT),fuzziness research andmany second/third philosophies are developed within pansystems frame-work.
The cubic pyrochlore Dy2Pt2O7 was synthesized under 4 GPa and 1000℃ and its magnetic and thermodynamic properties were characterized by DC and AC magnetic susceptibility and specific heat down to 0.1 K.We found that ...The cubic pyrochlore Dy2Pt2O7 was synthesized under 4 GPa and 1000℃ and its magnetic and thermodynamic properties were characterized by DC and AC magnetic susceptibility and specific heat down to 0.1 K.We found that Dy2Pt2O7 does not form long-range magnetic order,but displays characteristics of canonical spin ice such as Dy2Pt2O7,including(1)a large effective moment 9.64μB close to the theoretical value and a small positive Curie-Weiss temperatureθCW=+0.77 K signaling a dominant ferromagnetic interaction among the Ising spins;(2)a saturation moment ~4.5μB being half of the total moment due to the local<111>Ising anisotropy;(3)thermally activated spin relaxation behaviors in the low(~1 K)and high(~20 K)temperature regions with different energy barriers and characteristic relaxation time;and most importantly,(4)the presence of a residual entropy close to Pauling’s estimation for water ice.展开更多
文摘The bimetallic catalyst Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 was prepared by impregnating H 2PtCl 6 and RuCl 3 aqueous solution in the presence of PVP(40 000). Its catalytic performance in selective hydrogenation of \{ p -chloronitrobenzene\}( p -CNB) was studied. The results indicate that the activity of Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3[\{ n (ruthenium)\}∶ n (platinum)=4∶1] is much higher than that of Ru/ γ -Al 2O 3,while the amount of dehalogenation product(aniline) and other by-products are much fewer than that by using Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 as the catalyst. There is synergistic effect of ruthenium and platinum in bimetallic catalyst for selective hydrogenation of p -CNB. Under the reaction conditions t =50 ℃, p H 2 = 1.0 MPa, reaction time 60 min,\{ n (substrate)∶\} n (total amount of metal content)=1000∶1,the conversion of p -CNB and the selectivity to p -chloroaniline( p -CNA) by using Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 as the catalyst are 48.2% and 85.9%,respectively. The effect of other metal cations(introduced to the reaction system with the corresponding metal chloride solution) on the reaction was investigated. It was found that catalytic performance of Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 could be greatly improved by modfication of some metal cations. When Co 2+ and Ni 2+ were used as modifiers for the catalyst Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 under above mentioned reaction conditions,the conversions of p -CNB increase to 74.5% and 87.8%,as well as the selectivities of p -CAN increase to 98.9% and 99.4%,respectively. Fe 3+ and Sn 4+ were the best modifiers for Ru-Pt/ γ -Al 2O 3 under the same reaction conditions. The conversions of p -CNB and the selectivities of p -CAN can reach 100% and >99.0%,respectively. However,the catalysts can be poisoned by Zn 2+ and Sn 2+ .
文摘A new type of philosophy and mathematics from the pansystems view is introduced here, including the 7 philosophy theories (7PT) and related mathematizing researches. Many second/third philosophies are developed within pansystems framework and related applications to APT MS.
文摘A new type of philosophy and mathematics from the pansytems view is introduced here,including the 7 philosophic theories(7PT)and related mathematic researches.Many second/third philosophies are developed within pansvstems framework and related applications to APTMS.
文摘A new type of philosophy from the view of pansystems is introducedhere,including the 7 philosophy theories(7PT),fuzziness research andmany second/third philosophies are developed within pansystems frame-work.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFA0305700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11834016,11874400,and 11921004)+4 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.Z190008)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.QYZDB-SSW-SLH013)the CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Teamsupport of Grant No.NSF-DMR-1350002support of NSF DMR Grant No.1729588。
文摘The cubic pyrochlore Dy2Pt2O7 was synthesized under 4 GPa and 1000℃ and its magnetic and thermodynamic properties were characterized by DC and AC magnetic susceptibility and specific heat down to 0.1 K.We found that Dy2Pt2O7 does not form long-range magnetic order,but displays characteristics of canonical spin ice such as Dy2Pt2O7,including(1)a large effective moment 9.64μB close to the theoretical value and a small positive Curie-Weiss temperatureθCW=+0.77 K signaling a dominant ferromagnetic interaction among the Ising spins;(2)a saturation moment ~4.5μB being half of the total moment due to the local<111>Ising anisotropy;(3)thermally activated spin relaxation behaviors in the low(~1 K)and high(~20 K)temperature regions with different energy barriers and characteristic relaxation time;and most importantly,(4)the presence of a residual entropy close to Pauling’s estimation for water ice.
