Future potential sea level change in the South China Sea （SCS） is estimated by using 24 CMIP5 models under different representative concentration pathway （RCP） scenarios. By the end of the 21st century （2081–210...Future potential sea level change in the South China Sea （SCS） is estimated by using 24 CMIP5 models under different representative concentration pathway （RCP） scenarios. By the end of the 21st century （2081–2100 relative to 1986–2005）, the multimodel ensemble mean dynamic sea level （DSL） is projected to rise 0.9, 1.6, and 1.1 cm under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, resulting in a total sea level rise （SLR） of 40.9, 48.6, and 64.1 cm in the SCS. It indicates that the SCS will experience a substantial SLR over the 21st century, and the rise is only marginal larger than the global mean SLR. During the same period, the steric sea level （SSL） rise is estimated to be 6.7, 10.0, and 15.3 cm under the three scenarios, respectively, which accounts only for 16%, 21% and 24% of the total SLR in this region. The changes of the SSL in the SCS are almost out of phase with those of the DSL for the three scenarios. The central deep basin has a slightly weak DSL rise, but a strong SSL rise during the 21st century, compared with the north and southwest shelves.展开更多
Projections of potential submerged area due to sea level rise are helpful for improving understanding of the influence of ongoing global warming on coastal areas. The Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition method is us...Projections of potential submerged area due to sea level rise are helpful for improving understanding of the influence of ongoing global warming on coastal areas. The Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition method is used to adaptively decompose the sea level time series in order to extract the secular trend component. Then the linear relationship between the global mean sea level （GMSL） change and the Zhujiang （Pearl） River Delta （PRD） sea level change is calculated： an increase of 1.0 m in the GMSL corresponds to a 1.3 m （uncertainty interval from 1.25 to 1.46 m） increase in the PRD. Based on this relationship and the GMSL rise projected by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 under three greenhouse gas emission scenarios （representative concentration pathways, or RCPs, from low to high emission scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5）, the PRD sea level is calculated and projected for the period 2006-2100. By around the year 2050, the PRD sea level will rise 0.29 （0.21 to 0.40） m under RCP2.6, 0.31 （0.22 to 0.42） m under RCP4.5, and 0.34 （0.25 to 0.46） m under RCP8.5, respectively. By 2100, it will rise 0.59 （0.36 to 0.88） m, 0.71 （0.47 to 1.02） m, and 1.0 （0.68 to 1.41） m, respectively. In addition, considering the extreme value of relative sea level due to land subsidence （i.e., 0.20 m） and that obtained from intermonthly variability （i.e., 0.33 m）, the PRD sea level will rise 1.94 m by the year 2100 under the RCP8.5 scenario with the upper uncertainty level （i.e., 1.41 m）. Accordingly, the potential submerged area is 8.57x103 km2 for the PRD, about 1.3 times its present area.展开更多
Objectives Apolipoprotein(Apo)A5 gene poly-morphisms and alcohol consumption have been associated with increased serum triglyceride(TG)levels,but little is known about their interactions on serum lipid levels.The pres...Objectives Apolipoprotein(Apo)A5 gene poly-morphisms and alcohol consumption have been associated with increased serum triglyceride(TG)levels,but little is known about their interactions on serum lipid levels.The present study was undertaken polymorphismsand alcohol consumption on serum lipid levels.Methods A total of 516 unrelated nondrinkers and 514 drinkers aged 15-89 were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples.Genotyping of the ApoA5was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism,and then confirmed by direct sequencing.Interactions of the ApoA5alcohol consumption were assessed by using a cross-product term between genotypes and the aforementioned factor.Results The levels of total cholesterol(TC),TG,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),ApoA1 and ApoB were higher in drinkers than in nondrinkers(P【0.05-0.001).The genotypic and allelic frequencies of the three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were not different between the two groups.The levels of TG in non-drinkers,and TC,TG,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and ApoB in drinkers were different among the three-1131T】C genotypes(P【0.05-0.001).The-1131C allele carriers had higher serum TC,TG,LDL-C and ApoB levels than the allele noncarriers.The levels of TG,HDL-C and ApoB in nondrinkers,and TG and HDL-C in drinkers were different between the two c.553G】T genotypes(P【0.05-0.01).The C.553T allele carriers had higher serum TG and ApoB levels,and lower HDL-C levels than the allele noncarriers.Serum lipid levels in nondrinkers were not different among the three c.457G】A genotypes(P【0.05 for all),but the levels of HDL-C,LDL-C,ApoA1 and ApoB in drinkers were different between the GG and GA/AA geno-types(P【0.05-0.001).The C.457A allele carriers had lower serum HDL-C,LDL-C,ApoAl and ApoB levels than the allele noncarriers.We also observed four haplotypes:G-G-T,G-G-C,G-A-T,and T-G-C with frequencies ranging from 0.06 to 0.87,representing 100%of all haplotypes in the both populations.The ApoA5 haplotypes were significantly(P【0.05)associated at the global level with TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,Apo1,and ApoB,even after correction for multiple testing with permutation test.In particular,carriers of haplo-type G-G-C had significantly higher TC,TG,LDL-C,ApoB than noncarriers,whereas carriers of haplotype C-A-T had significantly lower TC,LDL-C,ApoAl and ApoB,and higher HDL-C than noncarriers.Serum TC levels in nondrinkers were correlated with-1131T】C genotype and allele(P【0.05 for each),whereas serum TC,TG and LDL-C levels in drinkers were associated with-1131 T】C and C.553G】T genotypes,or c.457G】A alleles(P【0.05-0.001).Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with several environmental factors in the both groups.Conclusions The differences in serum lipid profiles between the drinkers and nondrinkers might partly result from different interactions of ApoA5 gene polymor phisms and alcohol consumption.genotypes and-1131T】C,c.553G】T and c.457G】A to detect the interactions of the ApoA5 gene.展开更多
We study the energy level statistics of the SO(5) limit of super-symmetry U(6/4) in odd-A nucleus using the interacting boson-fermion model. The nearest neighbor spacing distribution (NSD) and the spectral rigidity (...We study the energy level statistics of the SO(5) limit of super-symmetry U(6/4) in odd-A nucleus using the interacting boson-fermion model. The nearest neighbor spacing distribution (NSD) and the spectral rigidity (△3)are investigated, and the factors that affect the properties of level statistics are also discussed. The results show that the boson number N is a dominant factor. If N is small, both the interaction strengths of subgroups SOB(5) and SOBF(5)and the spin play important roles in the energy level statistics, however, along with the increase of N, the statistics distribution would tend to be in Poisson form.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of different blood glucose levels on viscera injury, oxidative stress response and Wnt5a inflammatory pathway in children with sepsis.Methods:70 children with sepsis treated in our ...Objective:To investigate the effect of different blood glucose levels on viscera injury, oxidative stress response and Wnt5a inflammatory pathway in children with sepsis.Methods:70 children with sepsis treated in our hospital between January 2014 and December 2015 were retrospectively collected and divided into the sepsis group A (blood glucose>10 mmol/L) (n=29) and the sepsis group B (blood glucose ≤10 mmol/L) (n=41) according to the different blood glucose levels, and 50 healthy children who accepted vaccination and were with normal blood glucose levels in our hospital during the same period were selected as healthy control group. The day after admission, RIA method was used to determine liver function indexes;automatic biochemical analyzer was used to determine oxidative stress indexes;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect Wnt5a inflammatory pathway index levels.Results: Liver function indexes total bilirubin (TBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of sepsis group A were higher than those of sepsis group B and healthy control group (P<0.05);oxidative stress indexes advanced protein oxidation products (AOPPs), lipid hydrogen peroxide (LHP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher than those of sepsis group B and healthy control group while glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) level was lower than that of sepsis group B and healthy control group (P<0.05);serum Wnt5a inflammatory pathway indexes interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β) levels were higher than those of sepsis group B and healthy control group (P<0.05).Conclusions:Sepsis children with high blood glucose are with severe liver function damage as well as intense oxidative stress and inflammatory response, which are the important indexes for severe illness and poor prognosis.展开更多
An accurate and objective assessment of the health status of EMU trains is of great importance.In order to make sure the trains are functional,reliable,and endurable in their full life cycle(FLC),health assessment met...An accurate and objective assessment of the health status of EMU trains is of great importance.In order to make sure the trains are functional,reliable,and endurable in their full life cycle(FLC),health assessment method for EMU trains after Level 3-5 maintenance and repair is studied.First,the element-selection principles and the assessment rules are defined;second,to present the complex topological relationship between the elements in assessment,a functional logical structure construction method is proposed;third,a health value calculation model is defined based on the element’s characteristics and their logical structures.The health variables of each element is calculated and fitted following the steps in the corresponding weight calculation methods.The assessment method is proved to be applicable and effective.展开更多
基金The National Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China under contract No.2010CB950501the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41276035the National Natural Science Foundation of China–Shandong Province Joint Fund of Marine Science Research Centers under contract No.U1406404
文摘Future potential sea level change in the South China Sea （SCS） is estimated by using 24 CMIP5 models under different representative concentration pathway （RCP） scenarios. By the end of the 21st century （2081–2100 relative to 1986–2005）, the multimodel ensemble mean dynamic sea level （DSL） is projected to rise 0.9, 1.6, and 1.1 cm under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, resulting in a total sea level rise （SLR） of 40.9, 48.6, and 64.1 cm in the SCS. It indicates that the SCS will experience a substantial SLR over the 21st century, and the rise is only marginal larger than the global mean SLR. During the same period, the steric sea level （SSL） rise is estimated to be 6.7, 10.0, and 15.3 cm under the three scenarios, respectively, which accounts only for 16%, 21% and 24% of the total SLR in this region. The changes of the SSL in the SCS are almost out of phase with those of the DSL for the three scenarios. The central deep basin has a slightly weak DSL rise, but a strong SSL rise during the 21st century, compared with the north and southwest shelves.
基金The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences No.XDA11010404the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41375096,41175079 and 41405082the Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau Project under contract No.9231048
文摘Projections of potential submerged area due to sea level rise are helpful for improving understanding of the influence of ongoing global warming on coastal areas. The Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition method is used to adaptively decompose the sea level time series in order to extract the secular trend component. Then the linear relationship between the global mean sea level （GMSL） change and the Zhujiang （Pearl） River Delta （PRD） sea level change is calculated： an increase of 1.0 m in the GMSL corresponds to a 1.3 m （uncertainty interval from 1.25 to 1.46 m） increase in the PRD. Based on this relationship and the GMSL rise projected by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 under three greenhouse gas emission scenarios （representative concentration pathways, or RCPs, from low to high emission scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5）, the PRD sea level is calculated and projected for the period 2006-2100. By around the year 2050, the PRD sea level will rise 0.29 （0.21 to 0.40） m under RCP2.6, 0.31 （0.22 to 0.42） m under RCP4.5, and 0.34 （0.25 to 0.46） m under RCP8.5, respectively. By 2100, it will rise 0.59 （0.36 to 0.88） m, 0.71 （0.47 to 1.02） m, and 1.0 （0.68 to 1.41） m, respectively. In addition, considering the extreme value of relative sea level due to land subsidence （i.e., 0.20 m） and that obtained from intermonthly variability （i.e., 0.33 m）, the PRD sea level will rise 1.94 m by the year 2100 under the RCP8.5 scenario with the upper uncertainty level （i.e., 1.41 m）. Accordingly, the potential submerged area is 8.57x103 km2 for the PRD, about 1.3 times its present area.
文摘Objectives Apolipoprotein(Apo)A5 gene poly-morphisms and alcohol consumption have been associated with increased serum triglyceride(TG)levels,but little is known about their interactions on serum lipid levels.The present study was undertaken polymorphismsand alcohol consumption on serum lipid levels.Methods A total of 516 unrelated nondrinkers and 514 drinkers aged 15-89 were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples.Genotyping of the ApoA5was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism,and then confirmed by direct sequencing.Interactions of the ApoA5alcohol consumption were assessed by using a cross-product term between genotypes and the aforementioned factor.Results The levels of total cholesterol(TC),TG,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),ApoA1 and ApoB were higher in drinkers than in nondrinkers(P【0.05-0.001).The genotypic and allelic frequencies of the three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were not different between the two groups.The levels of TG in non-drinkers,and TC,TG,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and ApoB in drinkers were different among the three-1131T】C genotypes(P【0.05-0.001).The-1131C allele carriers had higher serum TC,TG,LDL-C and ApoB levels than the allele noncarriers.The levels of TG,HDL-C and ApoB in nondrinkers,and TG and HDL-C in drinkers were different between the two c.553G】T genotypes(P【0.05-0.01).The C.553T allele carriers had higher serum TG and ApoB levels,and lower HDL-C levels than the allele noncarriers.Serum lipid levels in nondrinkers were not different among the three c.457G】A genotypes(P【0.05 for all),but the levels of HDL-C,LDL-C,ApoA1 and ApoB in drinkers were different between the GG and GA/AA geno-types(P【0.05-0.001).The C.457A allele carriers had lower serum HDL-C,LDL-C,ApoAl and ApoB levels than the allele noncarriers.We also observed four haplotypes:G-G-T,G-G-C,G-A-T,and T-G-C with frequencies ranging from 0.06 to 0.87,representing 100%of all haplotypes in the both populations.The ApoA5 haplotypes were significantly(P【0.05)associated at the global level with TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,Apo1,and ApoB,even after correction for multiple testing with permutation test.In particular,carriers of haplo-type G-G-C had significantly higher TC,TG,LDL-C,ApoB than noncarriers,whereas carriers of haplotype C-A-T had significantly lower TC,LDL-C,ApoAl and ApoB,and higher HDL-C than noncarriers.Serum TC levels in nondrinkers were correlated with-1131T】C genotype and allele(P【0.05 for each),whereas serum TC,TG and LDL-C levels in drinkers were associated with-1131 T】C and C.553G】T genotypes,or c.457G】A alleles(P【0.05-0.001).Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with several environmental factors in the both groups.Conclusions The differences in serum lipid profiles between the drinkers and nondrinkers might partly result from different interactions of ApoA5 gene polymor phisms and alcohol consumption.genotypes and-1131T】C,c.553G】T and c.457G】A to detect the interactions of the ApoA5 gene.
文摘We study the energy level statistics of the SO(5) limit of super-symmetry U(6/4) in odd-A nucleus using the interacting boson-fermion model. The nearest neighbor spacing distribution (NSD) and the spectral rigidity (△3)are investigated, and the factors that affect the properties of level statistics are also discussed. The results show that the boson number N is a dominant factor. If N is small, both the interaction strengths of subgroups SOB(5) and SOBF(5)and the spin play important roles in the energy level statistics, however, along with the increase of N, the statistics distribution would tend to be in Poisson form.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of different blood glucose levels on viscera injury, oxidative stress response and Wnt5a inflammatory pathway in children with sepsis.Methods:70 children with sepsis treated in our hospital between January 2014 and December 2015 were retrospectively collected and divided into the sepsis group A (blood glucose>10 mmol/L) (n=29) and the sepsis group B (blood glucose ≤10 mmol/L) (n=41) according to the different blood glucose levels, and 50 healthy children who accepted vaccination and were with normal blood glucose levels in our hospital during the same period were selected as healthy control group. The day after admission, RIA method was used to determine liver function indexes;automatic biochemical analyzer was used to determine oxidative stress indexes;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect Wnt5a inflammatory pathway index levels.Results: Liver function indexes total bilirubin (TBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of sepsis group A were higher than those of sepsis group B and healthy control group (P<0.05);oxidative stress indexes advanced protein oxidation products (AOPPs), lipid hydrogen peroxide (LHP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher than those of sepsis group B and healthy control group while glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) level was lower than that of sepsis group B and healthy control group (P<0.05);serum Wnt5a inflammatory pathway indexes interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β) levels were higher than those of sepsis group B and healthy control group (P<0.05).Conclusions:Sepsis children with high blood glucose are with severe liver function damage as well as intense oxidative stress and inflammatory response, which are the important indexes for severe illness and poor prognosis.
文摘An accurate and objective assessment of the health status of EMU trains is of great importance.In order to make sure the trains are functional,reliable,and endurable in their full life cycle(FLC),health assessment method for EMU trains after Level 3-5 maintenance and repair is studied.First,the element-selection principles and the assessment rules are defined;second,to present the complex topological relationship between the elements in assessment,a functional logical structure construction method is proposed;third,a health value calculation model is defined based on the element’s characteristics and their logical structures.The health variables of each element is calculated and fitted following the steps in the corresponding weight calculation methods.The assessment method is proved to be applicable and effective.
