Power generators and chemical engineering compressors include heavy and large centrifugal impellers. To produce these impellers in high-speed machining, a 4?-axis milling machine(or a 4-axis machine plus an indexing t...Power generators and chemical engineering compressors include heavy and large centrifugal impellers. To produce these impellers in high-speed machining, a 4?-axis milling machine(or a 4-axis machine plus an indexing table) is often used in the industry, which is more rigid than a5-axis milling machine. Since impeller blades are designed with complex B-spline surfaces and impeller channels spaces vary significantly, it is more efficient to use multiple cutters as large as possible to cut a channel in sections and a blade surface in patches, instead of only using a small cutter to machine a whole blade and a channel. Unfortunately, no approach has been established to automatically calculate the largest diameters of cutters and their paths, which include the indexing table angles. To address this problem, an automated and optimization approach is proposed. Based on the structure of a 4?-axis machine, a geometric model for a cutter gouging/interfering the impeller is formulated, and an optimization model of the cutter diameter in terms of the indexing table angle is established at a cutter contact(CC) point on a blade surface. Then, the diameters of the tools,their orientations, and the indexing table angles are optimized, and each tool's paths are generated for machining its corresponding impeller section. As a test, an impeller is efficiently machined with these tools section by section; thus, this approach is valid. It can be directly used in the industry to improve efficiency of machining centrifugal impellers.展开更多
Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs)have attracted great attention in aqueous batteries due to their merit of high safety.However,the constrained work potential and insufficient chemical stability of anode materials in...Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs)have attracted great attention in aqueous batteries due to their merit of high safety.However,the constrained work potential and insufficient chemical stability of anode materials in aqueous electro-lytes hinder the large-scale application of ASIBs.Sodium titanium phosphate,NaTi_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NTP),is considered one of the most promising anode materials for ASIBs due to its excellent electrochemical performance and tunable structure.Recently,great achievements have been made in the development of NTP,however,a comprehensive review of existing studies is still lacking.This article firstly introduces the basic properties of NTP and analyzes the existing challenges.Subsequently,it will provide a comprehensive overview of the key strategies related to the design and modification of NTP materials with optimized electrochemical performance.Finally,based on the current research status and practical needs,suggestions,and future perspectives for advancing NTP in practical applications of ASIBs are presented.This review aims to guide the future research trajectory from basic material innovation to industrial applications,thus promoting the large-scale commercializa-tion of ASIBs.展开更多
Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) is a promising high-voltage cathode for zincion batteries,but it suffers from a poor electronic conductivity and vanadium dissolution in aqueous electrolytes.The growth of carboncoated Li_(3)V_...Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) is a promising high-voltage cathode for zincion batteries,but it suffers from a poor electronic conductivity and vanadium dissolution in aqueous electrolytes.The growth of carboncoated Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(LVP@C)nanoparticles on carbon nanofibers(CNFs)has been achieved by an electrospinning technique followed by calcination.The protective carbon coating prevents the aggregation of the LVP nanoparticles and suppresses V dissolution by preventing direct contact with aqueous electrolytes.The CNFs derived from the electrospun nanofibers provide a 3D network to increase the electronic conductivity of the LVP electrode,and the LVP@C-CNF hybrid film can be directly used as a freestanding cathode for zinc-ion batteries without adding conductive additives and binders.A mechanism for the formation of a uniform and continuous carbon coating has been proposed.This nanostructure,combined with the uniform and intact carbon coverage,significantly increases the electronic conductivity.This LVP@C-CNF freestanding electrode has an excellent rate capability(47.3%retention at 2 C)and cycling stability(61.2%retention after 100 cycles)within the voltage range 0.6 V to 1.95 V and is highly suitable for zinc-ion battery applications.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have exhibited significant commercial potential,benefiting from the abundance and global distribution of sodium resources.Among the diverse cathode materials under exploration for SIBs,Na_(3)...Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have exhibited significant commercial potential,benefiting from the abundance and global distribution of sodium resources.Among the diverse cathode materials under exploration for SIBs,Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3)(NMTP)stands out as a highly promising candidate for practical applications,which combines the structural stability and high-voltage characteristics inherent to NASICON-type materials.In recent years,substantial advancements have been achieved in the research of NMTP.However,a comprehensive and up-to-date specialized review dedicated to its research progress and prospects remains lacking.This review,therefore,aims to systematically discuss the development and outlook of NMTP cathode material.Initially,the manuscript delves into the crystal structure and sodium-storage mechanism of NMTP.Subsequently,the synthesis methods,electrochemical properties,and optimization strategies are explored.Finally,the review outlines current challenges and suggests potential future research directions for NMTP.展开更多
NASICON-type Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)materials are seen as highly promising cathode materials in the field of sodium-ion batteries due to their low cost,a solid three-dimensional skeleton and good theoretical capa...NASICON-type Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)materials are seen as highly promising cathode materials in the field of sodium-ion batteries due to their low cost,a solid three-dimensional skeleton and good theoretical capacity,as well as high ionic conductivity.Nevertheless,the problem of low intrinsic electronic conductivity and energy density has limited the practical application of the materials.To address this issue,the relevant research team has successfully achieved remarkable research results through unremitting exploration and practical innovation.In this work,the crystal structure,ion migration mechanism and sodium storage mechanism of NVP cathode materials are systematically reviewed,with a focus on summarizing the latest progress of V-site doping modification research,classifying and exploring V-site doping from the perspectives of electronic structure,lattice strain and entropy,and briefly describing the optimization mechanism of V-site doping on electrochemical performance.In addition,the challenges and prospects for the future development of NVP cathode materials are presented,which are believed to provide new thinking for the design and development of high-performance NVP cathode materials and contribute to the large-scale application of sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly import...The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly important for improving its electrochemical performance.Herein,phosphorus-modified graphene encapsulated Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)nanoparticles composite(P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO)with crystalline-amorphous heterostructure has been successfully designed and prepared.The design of crystalline-amorphous structure has largely enhanced the active sites,and the construction of a graphene encapsulation structure has greatly alleviated volume expansion.Notably,P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO obtained an excellent high-rate longterm cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries anode,reaching a high specific capacity of 970 m Ah/g at 1.0 A/g after 1450 cycles.This work demonstrates that restructuring the electrode material's structure and phase through phosphorus modification can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of tin-based electrode materials.展开更多
Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is a promising electrode material that exhibits magnetic anisotropy;however,the potential of this magnetic anisotropy to optimize battery performance has been largely unexplored.This study ...Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is a promising electrode material that exhibits magnetic anisotropy;however,the potential of this magnetic anisotropy to optimize battery performance has been largely unexplored.This study proposes a cost-effective and efficient method to induce the alignment of NVP along the(113)crystal plane by applying a vertical magnetic field during the slurry coating process,thereby enhancing its battery performance.Comprehensive structural characterizations and theoretical analysis elucidate the structure-activity relationship between the preferred crystal orientation and ion transport kinetics,facilitating the formation of more ordered Na+deintercalation pathways in NVP electrodes.This alignment reduces electrode tortuosity,enhances interfacial compatibility,and substantially improves battery performance,particularly in terms of high-rate cycling capability.As a result,the magnetic-field-modulated NVP(NVP-M⊥)electrode exhibits a high capacity retention of85.1%after 500 cycles at 5 C,significantly surpassing that of the pristine electrode.The NVP-M⊥electrode also demonstrates considerable reversible capacity at 40 C and maintains excellent stability under high temperature and prolonged cycling conditions.Furthermore,superior battery performance is observed in the assembled NVP-M⊥‖hard-carbon pouch cell and commercial NVP electrode following magnetic-field modulation,thereby validating the efficacy of this method.Consequently,this magnetic-field-induced crystal-orientation optimization strategy provides an innovative approach for low-cost and highthroughput preparation of high-performance sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
Solid-state lithium batteries are considered one of the most promising next-generation energy storage technologies owing to their safety and high energy density.The key to solid-state lithium battery advancement lies ...Solid-state lithium batteries are considered one of the most promising next-generation energy storage technologies owing to their safety and high energy density.The key to solid-state lithium battery advancement lies in the design and optimization of suitable solid-state electrolytes.Among various solid-state electrolytes,solid-state composite polymer electrolytes offer the combined benefits of solid inorganic electrolytes and solid polymer electrolytes.In particular,Li1_(+x)Al_(x)Ti_(2-x)(PO_(4))_(3)(LATP)/polymer composite polymer electrolytes exhibit high ionic conductivity due to LATP and improved flexibility from the polymer matrix.These systems also demonstrate robust mechanical properties and excellent electrode contact.While recent reviews have primarily focused on the performance of LATP/polymer composite polymer electrolytes and the general effects of composite polymer electrolyte modifications for solid-state lithium battery applications,this review provides a concise overview of the Li^(+)transport mechanisms in LATP/polymer composite polymer electrolytes and strategies to enhance ionic conductivity.It highlights several modification approaches,including the use of fillers,additives,and LATP coatings,which markedly influence the performance of composite polymer electrolytes across different polymer matrices.Finally,the review addresses the challenges of LATP/polymer composite polymer electrolytes and outlines key research directions for developing advanced composite polymer electrolytes for high-performance solid-state lithium batteries.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51475328)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2015ZX04001202)
文摘Power generators and chemical engineering compressors include heavy and large centrifugal impellers. To produce these impellers in high-speed machining, a 4?-axis milling machine(or a 4-axis machine plus an indexing table) is often used in the industry, which is more rigid than a5-axis milling machine. Since impeller blades are designed with complex B-spline surfaces and impeller channels spaces vary significantly, it is more efficient to use multiple cutters as large as possible to cut a channel in sections and a blade surface in patches, instead of only using a small cutter to machine a whole blade and a channel. Unfortunately, no approach has been established to automatically calculate the largest diameters of cutters and their paths, which include the indexing table angles. To address this problem, an automated and optimization approach is proposed. Based on the structure of a 4?-axis machine, a geometric model for a cutter gouging/interfering the impeller is formulated, and an optimization model of the cutter diameter in terms of the indexing table angle is established at a cutter contact(CC) point on a blade surface. Then, the diameters of the tools,their orientations, and the indexing table angles are optimized, and each tool's paths are generated for machining its corresponding impeller section. As a test, an impeller is efficiently machined with these tools section by section; thus, this approach is valid. It can be directly used in the industry to improve efficiency of machining centrifugal impellers.
基金supported by the Natural Sci-ence Foundation of Fujian Province (No.2024J011210)the High-Level Talent Start-Up Foundation of Xiamen Institute of Technology (No.YKJ23017R)。
文摘Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs)have attracted great attention in aqueous batteries due to their merit of high safety.However,the constrained work potential and insufficient chemical stability of anode materials in aqueous electro-lytes hinder the large-scale application of ASIBs.Sodium titanium phosphate,NaTi_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NTP),is considered one of the most promising anode materials for ASIBs due to its excellent electrochemical performance and tunable structure.Recently,great achievements have been made in the development of NTP,however,a comprehensive review of existing studies is still lacking.This article firstly introduces the basic properties of NTP and analyzes the existing challenges.Subsequently,it will provide a comprehensive overview of the key strategies related to the design and modification of NTP materials with optimized electrochemical performance.Finally,based on the current research status and practical needs,suggestions,and future perspectives for advancing NTP in practical applications of ASIBs are presented.This review aims to guide the future research trajectory from basic material innovation to industrial applications,thus promoting the large-scale commercializa-tion of ASIBs.
文摘Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) is a promising high-voltage cathode for zincion batteries,but it suffers from a poor electronic conductivity and vanadium dissolution in aqueous electrolytes.The growth of carboncoated Li_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(LVP@C)nanoparticles on carbon nanofibers(CNFs)has been achieved by an electrospinning technique followed by calcination.The protective carbon coating prevents the aggregation of the LVP nanoparticles and suppresses V dissolution by preventing direct contact with aqueous electrolytes.The CNFs derived from the electrospun nanofibers provide a 3D network to increase the electronic conductivity of the LVP electrode,and the LVP@C-CNF hybrid film can be directly used as a freestanding cathode for zinc-ion batteries without adding conductive additives and binders.A mechanism for the formation of a uniform and continuous carbon coating has been proposed.This nanostructure,combined with the uniform and intact carbon coverage,significantly increases the electronic conductivity.This LVP@C-CNF freestanding electrode has an excellent rate capability(47.3%retention at 2 C)and cycling stability(61.2%retention after 100 cycles)within the voltage range 0.6 V to 1.95 V and is highly suitable for zinc-ion battery applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Program,Grant/Award Number:U22A20420Jiangsu Provincial Double-Innovation Doctor,Grant/Award Number:JSSCBS20230439+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Provincial,Grant/Award Number:BK20240972Key project of Jiangsu Provincial Basic Research Program,Grant/Award Number:BK20243032。
文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have exhibited significant commercial potential,benefiting from the abundance and global distribution of sodium resources.Among the diverse cathode materials under exploration for SIBs,Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3)(NMTP)stands out as a highly promising candidate for practical applications,which combines the structural stability and high-voltage characteristics inherent to NASICON-type materials.In recent years,substantial advancements have been achieved in the research of NMTP.However,a comprehensive and up-to-date specialized review dedicated to its research progress and prospects remains lacking.This review,therefore,aims to systematically discuss the development and outlook of NMTP cathode material.Initially,the manuscript delves into the crystal structure and sodium-storage mechanism of NMTP.Subsequently,the synthesis methods,electrochemical properties,and optimization strategies are explored.Finally,the review outlines current challenges and suggests potential future research directions for NMTP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.52574348)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(no.B2024501004)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(no.N2423013)the Shijiazhuang Basic Research Project(no.241790667A)the Performance Subsidy Fund for Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province(no.22567627H).
文摘NASICON-type Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)materials are seen as highly promising cathode materials in the field of sodium-ion batteries due to their low cost,a solid three-dimensional skeleton and good theoretical capacity,as well as high ionic conductivity.Nevertheless,the problem of low intrinsic electronic conductivity and energy density has limited the practical application of the materials.To address this issue,the relevant research team has successfully achieved remarkable research results through unremitting exploration and practical innovation.In this work,the crystal structure,ion migration mechanism and sodium storage mechanism of NVP cathode materials are systematically reviewed,with a focus on summarizing the latest progress of V-site doping modification research,classifying and exploring V-site doping from the perspectives of electronic structure,lattice strain and entropy,and briefly describing the optimization mechanism of V-site doping on electrochemical performance.In addition,the challenges and prospects for the future development of NVP cathode materials are presented,which are believed to provide new thinking for the design and development of high-performance NVP cathode materials and contribute to the large-scale application of sodium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2024QE450,ZR2024QB302 and ZR2024QB004)the Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202211249)Research Program of Qilu Institute of Technology(Nos.QIT 23TP019,QIT23TP010 and QIT24NN007)。
文摘The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly important for improving its electrochemical performance.Herein,phosphorus-modified graphene encapsulated Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)nanoparticles composite(P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO)with crystalline-amorphous heterostructure has been successfully designed and prepared.The design of crystalline-amorphous structure has largely enhanced the active sites,and the construction of a graphene encapsulation structure has greatly alleviated volume expansion.Notably,P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO obtained an excellent high-rate longterm cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries anode,reaching a high specific capacity of 970 m Ah/g at 1.0 A/g after 1450 cycles.This work demonstrates that restructuring the electrode material's structure and phase through phosphorus modification can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of tin-based electrode materials.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22179020,12174057)Foreign Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Fuzhou Science and Technology Bureau(No.2024-Y-006)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundations of Fujian Province(No.2025J01659)Fujian province's“Young Eagle Program”Youth Top Talents ProgramNatural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2024A1515012077)Major Talent Programs of Guangdong Province(2023QN10C405)。
文摘Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is a promising electrode material that exhibits magnetic anisotropy;however,the potential of this magnetic anisotropy to optimize battery performance has been largely unexplored.This study proposes a cost-effective and efficient method to induce the alignment of NVP along the(113)crystal plane by applying a vertical magnetic field during the slurry coating process,thereby enhancing its battery performance.Comprehensive structural characterizations and theoretical analysis elucidate the structure-activity relationship between the preferred crystal orientation and ion transport kinetics,facilitating the formation of more ordered Na+deintercalation pathways in NVP electrodes.This alignment reduces electrode tortuosity,enhances interfacial compatibility,and substantially improves battery performance,particularly in terms of high-rate cycling capability.As a result,the magnetic-field-modulated NVP(NVP-M⊥)electrode exhibits a high capacity retention of85.1%after 500 cycles at 5 C,significantly surpassing that of the pristine electrode.The NVP-M⊥electrode also demonstrates considerable reversible capacity at 40 C and maintains excellent stability under high temperature and prolonged cycling conditions.Furthermore,superior battery performance is observed in the assembled NVP-M⊥‖hard-carbon pouch cell and commercial NVP electrode following magnetic-field modulation,thereby validating the efficacy of this method.Consequently,this magnetic-field-induced crystal-orientation optimization strategy provides an innovative approach for low-cost and highthroughput preparation of high-performance sodium-ion batteries.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52302303,52472247,52172229,52272201,52072136,51972257)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(JCZRYB202500537).
文摘Solid-state lithium batteries are considered one of the most promising next-generation energy storage technologies owing to their safety and high energy density.The key to solid-state lithium battery advancement lies in the design and optimization of suitable solid-state electrolytes.Among various solid-state electrolytes,solid-state composite polymer electrolytes offer the combined benefits of solid inorganic electrolytes and solid polymer electrolytes.In particular,Li1_(+x)Al_(x)Ti_(2-x)(PO_(4))_(3)(LATP)/polymer composite polymer electrolytes exhibit high ionic conductivity due to LATP and improved flexibility from the polymer matrix.These systems also demonstrate robust mechanical properties and excellent electrode contact.While recent reviews have primarily focused on the performance of LATP/polymer composite polymer electrolytes and the general effects of composite polymer electrolyte modifications for solid-state lithium battery applications,this review provides a concise overview of the Li^(+)transport mechanisms in LATP/polymer composite polymer electrolytes and strategies to enhance ionic conductivity.It highlights several modification approaches,including the use of fillers,additives,and LATP coatings,which markedly influence the performance of composite polymer electrolytes across different polymer matrices.Finally,the review addresses the challenges of LATP/polymer composite polymer electrolytes and outlines key research directions for developing advanced composite polymer electrolytes for high-performance solid-state lithium batteries.
