High spatiotemporal resolution infrared radiances from FY-4A/AGRI(Advanced Geostationary Radiation Imager)can provide crucial information for rapidly developing severe convective weather.This study established a symme...High spatiotemporal resolution infrared radiances from FY-4A/AGRI(Advanced Geostationary Radiation Imager)can provide crucial information for rapidly developing severe convective weather.This study established a symmetric observation error model that differentiates between land and sea for FY-4A/AGRI all-sky assimilation,developed an all-sky assimilation scheme for FY-4A/AGRI based on hydrometeor control variables,and investigated the impacts of all-sky FY-4A/AGRI water vapor channels at different altitudes and rapid-update assimilation at different frequencies on the assimilation and forecasting of a severe convective weather event.Results show that simultaneous assimilation of two water vapor channels can enhance precipitation forecasts compared to single-channel assimilation,which is mainly attributable to a more accurate analysis of water vapor and hydrometeor information.Experiments with different assimilation frequencies demonstrate that the hourly assimilation frequency,compared to other frequencies,incorporates the high-frequency information from AGRI while reducing the impact of spurious oscillations caused by excessively high-frequency assimilation.This hourly assimilation frequency reduces the incoordination among thermal,dynamical,and water vapor conditions caused by excessively fast or slow assimilation frequencies,thus improving the forecast accuracy compared to other frequencies.展开更多
Background:Baicalin(BC)and geniposide(GD)are effective components of natural remedies,and studies have shown that they protect against cerebral ischemic stroke(CIS).Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4(TRPV4)is a ...Background:Baicalin(BC)and geniposide(GD)are effective components of natural remedies,and studies have shown that they protect against cerebral ischemic stroke(CIS).Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4(TRPV4)is a calcium-permeable channel that plays important roles in vascular function and vasodilation.However,no studies are available on the effect of BC/GD on the TRPV4 channel and rat cerebral basilar artery(CBA).This study examined the effect of the combination of BC/GD(7:3)on cerebral vascular function after CIS.Methods:We used western blotting to determine TRPV4 protein levels and live cell fluorescence Ca 2+imaging and patch clamp to determine how BC/GD activates TRPV4 channels.Isolated vessel experiments were used to observe the dilatory effects of BC/GD on CBA under different conditions.Laser Doppler imaging was used to measure cerebral blood flow in rats.Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and Nissl stainings were used to determine the infarct area in the rat brain and neuronal damage,respectively.Results:BC/GD significantly boosted TRPV4 protein levels in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)during oxygen-glucose deprivation and increased[Ca 2+]i in TRPV4-HEK 293 cells and VSMCs.This effect was not observed in vector-HEK 293 cells.In patch clamp experiments,BC/GD increased Ca 2+currents in TRPV4-HEK 293 cells,whereas no significant changes were observed in vector-HEK 293 cells.BC/GD dilated CBA contractions induced by U46619 and KCl,with a concentration-dependent increase of the dilatory effect.In the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,cerebral blood flow in the ischemic side significantly decreased,whereas BC/GD intervention significantly increased cerebral blood perfusion in the ischemic side,reduced the infarct area,and improved neurological function scores and neuronal damage.Conclusion:BC/GD activates the TRPV4 channel,leading to Ca ^(2+) influx,which in turn activates the intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channels channel to regulate vasodilation in vascular smooth muscle.展开更多
Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths globally,with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)being the most prevalent histological subtype of lung cancer.Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)is a crucial ant...Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths globally,with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)being the most prevalent histological subtype of lung cancer.Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)is a crucial antioxidant enzyme that plays a role in regulating ferroptosis.It is also involved in a wide variety of biological processes,such as tumor cell growth invasion,migration,and resistance to drugs.This study comprehensively examined the role of GPX4 in NSCLC and investigated the clinical feasibility of targeting GPX4 for NSCLC treatment.We discovered that GPX4 influences the progression of NSCLC by modulating multiple signaling pathways,and that blocking GPX4 can trigger ferroptosis and increase the sensitivity to chemotherapy.As a result,GPX4 represents a prospective therapeutic target for NSCLC.Targeting GPX4 inhibits the development of NSCLC cells and decreases their resistance to treatment.展开更多
For environmental applications,it is crucial to rationally design and synthesize photocatalysts with positive exciton splitting and interfacial charge transfer.Here,a novel Agbridged dual Z-scheme Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)/CoNi...For environmental applications,it is crucial to rationally design and synthesize photocatalysts with positive exciton splitting and interfacial charge transfer.Here,a novel Agbridged dual Z-scheme Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)/CoNi-LDH plasmonic heterojunction was successfully synthesized using a simple method,with the goal of overcoming the common drawbacks of traditional photocatalysts such as weak photoresponsivity,rapid combination of photogenerated carriers,and unstable structure.These materials were characterized by XRD,FT-IR,SEM,TEM UV-Vis/DRS,and XPS to verify the structure and stability of the heterostructure.The pristine LDH,g-C_(3)N_(4),and Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)/CoNi-LDH composite were investigated as photocatalysts for water remediation,an environmentally motivated process.Specifically,the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline was studied as a model reaction.The performance of the supports and composite catalyst were determined by evaluating both the degradation and adsorption phenomenon.The influence of several experimental parameters such as catalyst loading,pH,and tetracycline concentrationwere evaluated.The current study provides important data for water treatment and similar environmental protection applications.展开更多
Thermoelectric water spitting to hydrogen systems has great potential in the production of environment-friendly fuel using renewable solar energy in the future.In this work,we prepared porous nanosheet Mo doping Ni_(5...Thermoelectric water spitting to hydrogen systems has great potential in the production of environment-friendly fuel using renewable solar energy in the future.In this work,we prepared porous nanosheet Mo doping Ni_(5)P_(4)catalysts on nickel foam with efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance in alkaline media.Density Functional Theory(DFT)calculations and experimental studies have shown that Mo doping deadeneds the interaction between H and O atomic orbitals of transition state water molecules,effectively weakening the activation energy of H_(2)O dissociation.Therefore,Mo doping is favorable for enhancing HER activity with overpotential at 10 mA cm^(-2)of 93 mV and Tafel slope of 40.1 mV dec^(-1)in 1 M KOH.Besides,it exhibits high alkaline OER activity with an ultra-low overpotential of 200 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2).Moreover,this catalyst only needs 1.537 V in a dual-electrode configuration of the electrolytic cell,which is much lower than the commercial Pt/C-RuO_(2)couple(1.614 V).In addition,we have developed and constructed a solar thermoelectric generator(TEG)that is capable of floating on water.This TEG has a continuous power output and an exceptionally long lifespan,providing a stable power supply to the synthesized catalyst electrolyzer.It can produce a maximum power output of over 90 mW,meeting the requirement of converting solar radiation heat into usable electricity.As a result,the system achieves productivity of 0.11 mL min^(-1)H_(2).This solar thermal energy conversion technology shows the possibility of large-scale industrial production of H_(2)and provides a new idea for exploring heat source utilization.展开更多
The proper flowering time of rose(Rosa hybrida)is vital for the market value of this horticultural crop,but the mechanism regulating this trait is largely unclear.Here,we found that the transcription factor SQUAMOSA P...The proper flowering time of rose(Rosa hybrida)is vital for the market value of this horticultural crop,but the mechanism regulating this trait is largely unclear.Here,we found that the transcription factor SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE4(RhSPL4)positively regulates flowering time in rose.Transient silencing or overexpression transgenic rose plants of RhSPL4 exhibited delayed or early flowering,respectively.Analysis of transcriptome data from transgenic lines overexpressing RhSPL4 compared to the wild type indicated that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the circadian rhythm pathway.Among the proteins encoded by these genes,RhSPL4 binds to the promoter of PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5-LIKE(RhPRR5L),as revealed in yeast one-hybrid,dual-Luciferase/Renilla luciferase reporter,chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR and electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Furthermore,RhSPL4 specifically binds to the478 to441 bp region of the RhPRR5L promoter and activates its transcription.The silencing of RhPRR5L delayed flowering time in rose,resembling the phenotype of RhSPL4-silenced plants.Together,these results indicate that the RhSPL4-RhPRR5L module positively regulates flowering time in rose,laying the foundation for the genetic improvement of flowering time in this important horticultural crop.展开更多
Multiple sclerosis(MS)is the most common chronic disease of the central nervous system(CNS)in young adults and represents the first cause of severe handicap,originally non-traumatic(Oh et al.,2018).MS is chara cterize...Multiple sclerosis(MS)is the most common chronic disease of the central nervous system(CNS)in young adults and represents the first cause of severe handicap,originally non-traumatic(Oh et al.,2018).MS is chara cterized by the infiltration of auto reactive lymphocytes specific to myelin through the blood-brain barrier,which results in the appearance of inflammatory demyelinating lesions caused by the death of the central nervous system myelinating cells,oligodendrocytes(Oh et al.,2018).There is a prevalence sexual with a ratio of three times more affected women than men.展开更多
BACKGROUND There is currently no effective treatment for osteoarthritis(OA),which is the most common joint disorder leading to disability.Although human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUC-MSCs)are promising OA ...BACKGROUND There is currently no effective treatment for osteoarthritis(OA),which is the most common joint disorder leading to disability.Although human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUC-MSCs)are promising OA treatments,their use is limited by the condition itself,and understanding of the underlying mechanisms of OA is lacking.AIM To explore the specific molecular mechanism by which hUC-MSC-derived exosomal miR-199a-3p improves OA.METHODS Sodium iodoacetate was injected into rat articulations to construct an animal model of OA.Interleukin(IL)-1βwas used to induce human chondrocytes(CHON-001)to construct an OA chondrocyte model.Exosomes in hUC-MSCs were isolated using Ribo™Exosome Isolation Reagent.Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to detect the expression of related genes and proteins,and damage to CHON-001 cells and rat articular cartilage tissue was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine tripho-sphate-nick end labelling staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining.RESULTS hUC-MSC-derived exosomes(hUC-MSC-Exos)inhibited the expression of IL-1β-induced inflammatory cytokines,namely,IL-6,IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α.hUC-MSC-Exos also improved the viability but inhibited the apoptosis of CHON-001 cells,improved the pathological condition of articular cartilage tissue and alleviated the development of OA in vivo.Mechanistically,hUC-MSC-Exos downregulated the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 by delivering miR-199a-3p,thereby inhibiting the activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway,alleviating IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation and apoptosis,and ultimately improving the development of OA.CONCLUSION hUC-MSC-derived exosomal miR-199a-3p alleviates OA by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase 4/nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway.The present findings suggest that miR-199a-3p delivery by hUC-MSCExos may be a novel strategy for the treatment of OA.展开更多
BACKGROUND Regulator of G protein signaling(RGS)proteins participate in tumor formation and metastasis by acting on theα-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins.The speci-fic effect of RGS,particularly RGS4,on the progr...BACKGROUND Regulator of G protein signaling(RGS)proteins participate in tumor formation and metastasis by acting on theα-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins.The speci-fic effect of RGS,particularly RGS4,on the progression of gastric cancer(GC)is not yet clear.AIM To explore the role and underlying mechanisms of action of RGS4 in GC develop-ment.METHODS The prognostic significance of RGS4 in GC was analyzed using bioinformatics based public databases and verified by immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 90 patients with GC.Function assays were employed to assess the carcinogenic impact of RGS4,and the mechanism of its possible influence was detected by western blot analysis.A nude mouse xenograft model was established to study the effects of RGS4 on GC growth in vitro.RESULTS RGS4 was highly expressed in GC tissues compared with matched adjacent normal tissues.Elevated RGS4 expression was correlated with increased tumor-node-metastasis stage,increased tumor grade as well as poorer overall survival in patients with GC.Cell experiments demonstrated that RGS4 knockdown suppressed GC cell proliferation,migration and invasion.Similarly,xenograft experiments confirmed that RGS4 silencing significantly inhibited tumor growth.Moreover,RGS4 knockdown resulted in reduced phosphorylation levels of focal adhesion kinase,phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase,and protein kinase B,decreased vimentin and N-cadherin,and elevated E-cadherin.CONCLUSION High RGS4 expression in GC indicates a worse prognosis and RGS4 is a prognostic marker.RGS4 influences tumor progression via the focal adhesion kinase/phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.展开更多
Objective Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha(HNF4A)is a critical transcription factor in the liver and pancreas.Dysfunctions of HNF4A lead to maturity onset diabetes of the young 1(MODY1).Notably,MODY1 patients with HN...Objective Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha(HNF4A)is a critical transcription factor in the liver and pancreas.Dysfunctions of HNF4A lead to maturity onset diabetes of the young 1(MODY1).Notably,MODY1 patients with HNF4A pathogenic mutations exhibit decreased responses to arginine and reduced plasma triglyceride levels,but the mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the potential target genes transcriptionally regulated by HNF4A and explore its role in these metabolic pathways.Methods A stable 293T cell line expressing the HNF1A reporter was overexpressed with HNF4A.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)was performed to analyze transcriptional differences.Transcription factor binding site prediction was then conducted to identify HNF4A binding motifs in the promoter regions of relevant target genes.Results RNA-seq results revealed a significant upregulation of transmembrane 4 L six family member 5(TM4SF5)mRNA in HNF4A-overexpressing cells.Transcription factor binding predictions suggested the presence of five potential HNF4A binding motifs in the TM4SF5 promoter.Finally,we confirmed that the DR1 site in the-57 to-48 region of the TM4SF5 promoter is the key binding motif for HNF4A.Conclusion This study identified TM4SF5 as a target gene of HNF4A and determined the key binding motif involved in its regulation.Given the role of TM4SF5 as an arginine sensor in mTOR signaling activation and triglyceride secretion,which closely aligns with phenotypes observed in MODY1 patients,our findings provide novel insights into the possible mechanisms by which HNF4A regulates triglyceride secretion in the liver and arginine-stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreas.展开更多
Thrombospondin 4(THBS4;TSP4),a crucial component of the extracellular matrix(ECM),serves as an important regulator of tissue homeostasis and various pathophysiological processes.As a member of the evolutionarily conse...Thrombospondin 4(THBS4;TSP4),a crucial component of the extracellular matrix(ECM),serves as an important regulator of tissue homeostasis and various pathophysiological processes.As a member of the evolutionarily conserved thrombospondin family,THBS4 is a multidomain adhesive glycoprotein characterized by six distinct structural domains that mediate its diverse biological functions.Through dynamic interactions with various ECM components,THBS4 plays pivotal roles in cell adhesion,proliferation,inflammation regulation,and tissue remodeling,establishing it as a key modulator of microenvironmental organization.The transcription and translation of THBS4 gene,as well as the activity of the THBS4 protein,are tightly regulated by multiple signaling pathways and extracellular cues.Positive regulators of THBS4 include transforming growth factorβ(TGF-β),interferonγ(IFNγ),granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF),bone morphogenetic proteins(BMP12/13),and other regulatory factors(such as B4GALNT1,ITGA2/ITGB1,PDGFRβ,etc.),which upregulate THBS4 at the mRNA and/or protein level.Conversely,oxidized low-density lipoprotein(OXLDL)acts as a potent negative regulator of THBS4.This intricate regulatory network ensures precise spatial and temporal control of THBS4 expression in response to diverse physiological and pathological stimuli.Functionally,THBS4 acts as a critical signaling hub,influencing multiple downstream pathways essential for cellular behavior and tissue homeostasis.The best-characterized pathways include:(1)the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis,which THBS4 modulates through both direct and indirect interactions with integrins and growth factor receptors;(2)Wnt/β-catenin signaling,where THBS4 functions as either an activator or inhibitor depending on the cellular context;(3)the suppression of DBET/TRIM69,contributing to its diverse regulatory roles.These signaling connections position THBS4 as a master regulator of cellular responses to microenvironmental changes.Substantial evidence links aberrant THBS4 expression to a range of pathological conditions,including neoplastic diseases,cardiovascular disorders,fibrotic conditions,neurodegenerative diseases,musculoskeletal disorders,and atopic dermatitis.In cancer biology,THBS4 exhibits context-dependent roles,functioning either as a tumor suppressor or promoter depending on the tumor type and microenvironment.In the cardiovascular system,THBS4 contributes to both adaptive remodeling and maladaptive fibrotic responses.Its involvement in fibrotic diseases arises from its ability to regulate ECM deposition and turnover.The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of THBS4 is particularly promising in oncology and cardiovascular medicine.As a biomarker,THBS4 expression patterns correlate significantly with disease progression and patient outcomes.Therapeutically,targeting THBS4-mediated pathways offers novel opportunities for precision medicine approaches,including anti-fibrotic therapies,modulation of the tumor microenvironment,and enhancement of tissue repair.This comprehensive review systematically explores three key aspects of THBS4 research:(1)the fundamental biological functions of THBS4 in ECM organization;(2)its mechanistic involvement in various disease pathologies;(3)its emerging potential as both a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.By integrating recent insights from molecular studies,animal models,and clinical investigations,this review provides a framework for understanding the multifaceted roles of THBS4 in health and disease.The synthesis of current knowledge highlights critical research gaps and future directions for exploring THBS4-targeted interventions across multiple disease contexts.Given its unique position at the intersection of ECM biology and cellular signaling,THBS4 represents a promising frontier for the development of novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies in precision medicine.展开更多
Fully utilizing renewable biomass energy is important for saving energy,reducing carbon emissions,and mitigating climate change.As the main hydrolysate of cellulose,a primary component of lignocellulose,glucose could ...Fully utilizing renewable biomass energy is important for saving energy,reducing carbon emissions,and mitigating climate change.As the main hydrolysate of cellulose,a primary component of lignocellulose,glucose could be employed as a starting material to prepare some other functional derivatives for improving the value of biomass resources.The isomerization of glucose to produce fructose is an important intermediate process during numerous high-value-added chemical preparations.Therefore,the development of efficient and selective catalysts for glucose isomerization is of great significance.Currently,glucose isomerase catalysts are limited by the harsh conditions required for microbial activity,which restricts further improvements in fructose yield.Additionally,heterogeneous Bronsted-base and Lewis-acid catalysts commonly employed in chemical isomerization methods often lead to the formation of undesirable by-products,resulting in reduced selectivity toward fructose.This study has demonstrated that lithium-loaded heterogeneous catalysts possess excellent isomerization capabilities under mild conditions.A highly efficient Li-C_(3)N_(4) catalyst was developed,achieving a fructose selectivity of 99.9% and a yield of 42.6% at 60℃ within 1.0 h-comparable to the performance of the enzymatic method.Characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),proton nuclear magnetic resonance(^(1)H NMR),and inductively coupled plasma(ICP)analyses confirmed that lithium was stably incorporated into the g-C_(3)N_(4) framework through the formation of Li-N bonds.Further investigations using CO_(2) temperature-programmed desorption(CO_(2)-TPD),in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and 7Li magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance(^(7)Li MAS NMR)indicated that the isomerization proceeded via a base-catalyzed mechanism.The Li species were found to interact with hydroxyl groups generated through hydrolysis and simultaneously coordinated with nitrogen atoms in the C_(3)N_(4) matrix,resulting in the formation of Li-N_(6)-H_(2)O active sites.These active sites facilitated the deprotonation of glucose to form an enolate intermediate,followed by a proton transfer step that generated fructose.This mechanism not only improved the efficiency of fructose production but also provided valuable insight into the catalytic role of lithium within the isomerization process.展开更多
Let X be a closed simply connected rationally elliptic 4-manifold.The rational homotopy type of homotopy fixed point sets X^(hS^(1))is determined,and based on some relations between X^(hS^(1))and X^(S^(1)),the rationa...Let X be a closed simply connected rationally elliptic 4-manifold.The rational homotopy type of homotopy fixed point sets X^(hS^(1))is determined,and based on some relations between X^(hS^(1))and X^(S^(1)),the rational homotopy type of the fixed point set X^(S^(1))is determined.展开更多
Owing to outstanding hydrophilicity and ionic interaction,layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have emerged as a promising carrier for high performance catalysts.However,the synthesis of new specialized catalytic LDHs for d...Owing to outstanding hydrophilicity and ionic interaction,layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have emerged as a promising carrier for high performance catalysts.However,the synthesis of new specialized catalytic LDHs for degradation of antibiotics still faces some challenges.In this study,a CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH composite catalyst was synthesized using a hydrothermal coprecipitation method.Comprehensive characterization reveals that the surface of MgAl-LDH is covered with nanometer CoFe_(2)O_(4) particles.The specific surface area of CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH is 82.84 m^(2)·g^(-)1,which is 2.34 times that of CoFe_(2)O_(4).CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH has a saturation magnetic strength of 22.24 A·m^(2)·kg^(-1) facilitating efficient solid-liquid separation.The composite catalyst was employed to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)for the efficient degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH).It is found that the catalytic performance of CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH significantly exceeds that of CoFe_(2)O_(4).The maximum TCH removal reaches 98.2%under the optimal conditions([TCH]=25 mg/L,[PMS]=1.5 mmol/L,CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH=0.20 g/L,pH 7,and T=25℃).Coexisting ions in the solution,such as SO_(4)^(2-),Cl-,H_(2)PO_(4)^(-),and CO_(3)^(2-),have a negligible effect on catalytic performance.Cyclic tests demonstrate that the catalytic performance of CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH remains 67.2%after five cycles.Mechanism investigations suggest that O_(2)^(•-)and ^(1)O_(2) produced by CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH play a critical role in the catalytic degradation.展开更多
The advancement of planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs)for micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)has been significantly hindered by the challenge of achieving high energy and power densities.This study addresses this is...The advancement of planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs)for micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)has been significantly hindered by the challenge of achieving high energy and power densities.This study addresses this issue by leveraging screen-printing technology to fabricate high-performance PMSCs using innovative composite ink.The ink,a synergistic blend of few-layer graphene(Gt),carbon black(CB),and NiCo_(2)O_(4),was meticulously mixed to form a conductive and robust coating that enhanced the capacitive performance of the PMSCs.The optimized ink formulation and printing process result in a micro-supercapacitor with an exceptional areal capacitance of 18.95 mF/cm^(2)and an areal energy density of 2.63μW·h/cm^(2)at a current density of 0.05 mA/cm^(2),along with an areal power density of 0.025 mW/cm^(2).The devices demonstrated impressive durability with a capacitance retention rate of 94.7%after a stringent 20000-cycle test,demonstrating their potential for long-term applications.Moreover,the PMSCs displayed excellent mechanical flexibility,with a capacitance decrease of only 3.43%after 5000 bending cycles,highlighting their suitability for flexible electronic devices.The ease of integrating these PMSCs into series and parallel configurations for customized power further underscores their practicality for integrated power supply solutions in various technologies.展开更多
Four new coordination polymers,{[Cd(mbtx)(4OHphCOO)]NO_(3)}n(1),{[Zn(mbtx)(1,4-bdc)_(0.5)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·(1,4-bdc)_(0.5)·4H_(2)O}n(2),{[Cd2(mbtx)(5NO_(2)-bdc)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(3)]·4.5H_(2)O}n(3),and{[Zn(H_(2)...Four new coordination polymers,{[Cd(mbtx)(4OHphCOO)]NO_(3)}n(1),{[Zn(mbtx)(1,4-bdc)_(0.5)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·(1,4-bdc)_(0.5)·4H_(2)O}n(2),{[Cd2(mbtx)(5NO_(2)-bdc)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(3)]·4.5H_(2)O}n(3),and{[Zn(H_(2)O)6][Zn_(2)(mbtx)_(2)(btc)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(4)]·2H_(2)O}n(4)(mbtx=1,3-bis(4H-1,2,4-triazole)benzene,4OHphCOO-=p-hydroxybenzoate,1,4-bdc2-=1,4-benzenedicarboxylate,5NO_(2)-bdc2-=5-nitro-isophthalate,btc3-=1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate),were synthesized under room temperature condition and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analyses,and powder X-ray diffraction.Single-crystal X-ray structural analysis shows that complexes 1 and 3 are 2D networks.In 1,the adjacent 2D networks are linked to a 3D network byπ-πstacking interaction.2 and 4 exhibit 1D chains,and the 1D chains are connected into a 3D network byπ-πstacking interaction and intermolecular hydrogen bond.Luminescence and thermogravimetric analysis of the four complexes were discussed.CCDC:2416406,1;2416407,2;2416408,3;2416409,4.展开更多
Four-dimensional(4D)printing technology is a revolutionary development that produces structures that can adapt in response to external stimuli.However,the responsiveness and printability of smart materials with shape ...Four-dimensional(4D)printing technology is a revolutionary development that produces structures that can adapt in response to external stimuli.However,the responsiveness and printability of smart materials with shape memory properties,which are necessary for 4D printing,remain limited.Biomass materials derived from nature have offered an effective solution due to their various excellent and unique properties.Biomass materials have been abundant in resources and low in carbon content,contributing to the then-current global green energy-saving goals,including carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.This review focused on different sources of biomass materials used in 4D printing,including plant-based,animal-based,and microbial-based biomass materials.It systematically outlined the responsive deformation mechanisms of printed objects that contained biomass materials and delved into the roles and unique advantages of biomass materials in those printed objects.Leveraging these advantages,the review discussed the potential applications of biomass materials in biomedicine,food printing,and other fields to support ongoing development and application efforts.Additionally,it emphasized the crucial role played by bio-fabrication technologies utilizing biomass materials in the integration of biomass materials with 4D printing.Finally,this paper discussed the then-current challenges and potential future directions of biomass materials in 4D printing,aiming to promote the effective development of biomass materials in 4D printing applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3080500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2142208,42475158,and 42105149)the High-Performance Computing Center of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology for supporting this work。
文摘High spatiotemporal resolution infrared radiances from FY-4A/AGRI(Advanced Geostationary Radiation Imager)can provide crucial information for rapidly developing severe convective weather.This study established a symmetric observation error model that differentiates between land and sea for FY-4A/AGRI all-sky assimilation,developed an all-sky assimilation scheme for FY-4A/AGRI based on hydrometeor control variables,and investigated the impacts of all-sky FY-4A/AGRI water vapor channels at different altitudes and rapid-update assimilation at different frequencies on the assimilation and forecasting of a severe convective weather event.Results show that simultaneous assimilation of two water vapor channels can enhance precipitation forecasts compared to single-channel assimilation,which is mainly attributable to a more accurate analysis of water vapor and hydrometeor information.Experiments with different assimilation frequencies demonstrate that the hourly assimilation frequency,compared to other frequencies,incorporates the high-frequency information from AGRI while reducing the impact of spurious oscillations caused by excessively high-frequency assimilation.This hourly assimilation frequency reduces the incoordination among thermal,dynamical,and water vapor conditions caused by excessively fast or slow assimilation frequencies,thus improving the forecast accuracy compared to other frequencies.
基金supported by the Chinese Medicine"Dual Chain Integration"Young and Middle-aged Scientific Research and Innovation Teams(No.2022-SLRH-YQ-006)the Key R&D Programme Projects of Xianyang Municipality(No.L2023-ZDYF-SF-014)+1 种基金the Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Science,Education and Research Collaborative Educational Achievement Transformation Project(No.2024KC03)the open research topic from the Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shaanxi Province(No.KF202315).
文摘Background:Baicalin(BC)and geniposide(GD)are effective components of natural remedies,and studies have shown that they protect against cerebral ischemic stroke(CIS).Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4(TRPV4)is a calcium-permeable channel that plays important roles in vascular function and vasodilation.However,no studies are available on the effect of BC/GD on the TRPV4 channel and rat cerebral basilar artery(CBA).This study examined the effect of the combination of BC/GD(7:3)on cerebral vascular function after CIS.Methods:We used western blotting to determine TRPV4 protein levels and live cell fluorescence Ca 2+imaging and patch clamp to determine how BC/GD activates TRPV4 channels.Isolated vessel experiments were used to observe the dilatory effects of BC/GD on CBA under different conditions.Laser Doppler imaging was used to measure cerebral blood flow in rats.Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and Nissl stainings were used to determine the infarct area in the rat brain and neuronal damage,respectively.Results:BC/GD significantly boosted TRPV4 protein levels in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)during oxygen-glucose deprivation and increased[Ca 2+]i in TRPV4-HEK 293 cells and VSMCs.This effect was not observed in vector-HEK 293 cells.In patch clamp experiments,BC/GD increased Ca 2+currents in TRPV4-HEK 293 cells,whereas no significant changes were observed in vector-HEK 293 cells.BC/GD dilated CBA contractions induced by U46619 and KCl,with a concentration-dependent increase of the dilatory effect.In the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,cerebral blood flow in the ischemic side significantly decreased,whereas BC/GD intervention significantly increased cerebral blood perfusion in the ischemic side,reduced the infarct area,and improved neurological function scores and neuronal damage.Conclusion:BC/GD activates the TRPV4 channel,leading to Ca ^(2+) influx,which in turn activates the intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channels channel to regulate vasodilation in vascular smooth muscle.
文摘Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths globally,with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)being the most prevalent histological subtype of lung cancer.Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)is a crucial antioxidant enzyme that plays a role in regulating ferroptosis.It is also involved in a wide variety of biological processes,such as tumor cell growth invasion,migration,and resistance to drugs.This study comprehensively examined the role of GPX4 in NSCLC and investigated the clinical feasibility of targeting GPX4 for NSCLC treatment.We discovered that GPX4 influences the progression of NSCLC by modulating multiple signaling pathways,and that blocking GPX4 can trigger ferroptosis and increase the sensitivity to chemotherapy.As a result,GPX4 represents a prospective therapeutic target for NSCLC.Targeting GPX4 inhibits the development of NSCLC cells and decreases their resistance to treatment.
文摘For environmental applications,it is crucial to rationally design and synthesize photocatalysts with positive exciton splitting and interfacial charge transfer.Here,a novel Agbridged dual Z-scheme Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)/CoNi-LDH plasmonic heterojunction was successfully synthesized using a simple method,with the goal of overcoming the common drawbacks of traditional photocatalysts such as weak photoresponsivity,rapid combination of photogenerated carriers,and unstable structure.These materials were characterized by XRD,FT-IR,SEM,TEM UV-Vis/DRS,and XPS to verify the structure and stability of the heterostructure.The pristine LDH,g-C_(3)N_(4),and Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)/CoNi-LDH composite were investigated as photocatalysts for water remediation,an environmentally motivated process.Specifically,the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline was studied as a model reaction.The performance of the supports and composite catalyst were determined by evaluating both the degradation and adsorption phenomenon.The influence of several experimental parameters such as catalyst loading,pH,and tetracycline concentrationwere evaluated.The current study provides important data for water treatment and similar environmental protection applications.
基金supported by the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.522MS038 and 522QN282)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52172086 and 52301268)the Start-up Research Foundation of Hainan University(No.KYQD(ZR)-22019).
文摘Thermoelectric water spitting to hydrogen systems has great potential in the production of environment-friendly fuel using renewable solar energy in the future.In this work,we prepared porous nanosheet Mo doping Ni_(5)P_(4)catalysts on nickel foam with efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance in alkaline media.Density Functional Theory(DFT)calculations and experimental studies have shown that Mo doping deadeneds the interaction between H and O atomic orbitals of transition state water molecules,effectively weakening the activation energy of H_(2)O dissociation.Therefore,Mo doping is favorable for enhancing HER activity with overpotential at 10 mA cm^(-2)of 93 mV and Tafel slope of 40.1 mV dec^(-1)in 1 M KOH.Besides,it exhibits high alkaline OER activity with an ultra-low overpotential of 200 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2).Moreover,this catalyst only needs 1.537 V in a dual-electrode configuration of the electrolytic cell,which is much lower than the commercial Pt/C-RuO_(2)couple(1.614 V).In addition,we have developed and constructed a solar thermoelectric generator(TEG)that is capable of floating on water.This TEG has a continuous power output and an exceptionally long lifespan,providing a stable power supply to the synthesized catalyst electrolyzer.It can produce a maximum power output of over 90 mW,meeting the requirement of converting solar radiation heat into usable electricity.As a result,the system achieves productivity of 0.11 mL min^(-1)H_(2).This solar thermal energy conversion technology shows the possibility of large-scale industrial production of H_(2)and provides a new idea for exploring heat source utilization.
基金supported by Yunnan Province Agricultural Joint Key Project(Grant No.202401BD070001-016)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32202530)+3 种基金Talent Introduction and Training Project of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.2024RCYP-09)Fundamental Research Project(Grant No.202401CF070046)Xingdian Talent support program(XDYC-QNRC-2023-0457)Yunnan Technology Innovation Center of Flower Technique.
文摘The proper flowering time of rose(Rosa hybrida)is vital for the market value of this horticultural crop,but the mechanism regulating this trait is largely unclear.Here,we found that the transcription factor SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE4(RhSPL4)positively regulates flowering time in rose.Transient silencing or overexpression transgenic rose plants of RhSPL4 exhibited delayed or early flowering,respectively.Analysis of transcriptome data from transgenic lines overexpressing RhSPL4 compared to the wild type indicated that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the circadian rhythm pathway.Among the proteins encoded by these genes,RhSPL4 binds to the promoter of PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5-LIKE(RhPRR5L),as revealed in yeast one-hybrid,dual-Luciferase/Renilla luciferase reporter,chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR and electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Furthermore,RhSPL4 specifically binds to the478 to441 bp region of the RhPRR5L promoter and activates its transcription.The silencing of RhPRR5L delayed flowering time in rose,resembling the phenotype of RhSPL4-silenced plants.Together,these results indicate that the RhSPL4-RhPRR5L module positively regulates flowering time in rose,laying the foundation for the genetic improvement of flowering time in this important horticultural crop.
基金supported by a grant from the French Multiple Sclerosis Society(ARSEP,Grant Number:R20163LL)(to AMG)。
文摘Multiple sclerosis(MS)is the most common chronic disease of the central nervous system(CNS)in young adults and represents the first cause of severe handicap,originally non-traumatic(Oh et al.,2018).MS is chara cterized by the infiltration of auto reactive lymphocytes specific to myelin through the blood-brain barrier,which results in the appearance of inflammatory demyelinating lesions caused by the death of the central nervous system myelinating cells,oligodendrocytes(Oh et al.,2018).There is a prevalence sexual with a ratio of three times more affected women than men.
基金Supported by Basic Research Plan of Yunnan Province,No.202201AT070059National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81760407Science and Technology Talent and Platform Plan of Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology,No.202205AC160066.
文摘BACKGROUND There is currently no effective treatment for osteoarthritis(OA),which is the most common joint disorder leading to disability.Although human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUC-MSCs)are promising OA treatments,their use is limited by the condition itself,and understanding of the underlying mechanisms of OA is lacking.AIM To explore the specific molecular mechanism by which hUC-MSC-derived exosomal miR-199a-3p improves OA.METHODS Sodium iodoacetate was injected into rat articulations to construct an animal model of OA.Interleukin(IL)-1βwas used to induce human chondrocytes(CHON-001)to construct an OA chondrocyte model.Exosomes in hUC-MSCs were isolated using Ribo™Exosome Isolation Reagent.Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to detect the expression of related genes and proteins,and damage to CHON-001 cells and rat articular cartilage tissue was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine tripho-sphate-nick end labelling staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining.RESULTS hUC-MSC-derived exosomes(hUC-MSC-Exos)inhibited the expression of IL-1β-induced inflammatory cytokines,namely,IL-6,IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α.hUC-MSC-Exos also improved the viability but inhibited the apoptosis of CHON-001 cells,improved the pathological condition of articular cartilage tissue and alleviated the development of OA in vivo.Mechanistically,hUC-MSC-Exos downregulated the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 by delivering miR-199a-3p,thereby inhibiting the activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway,alleviating IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation and apoptosis,and ultimately improving the development of OA.CONCLUSION hUC-MSC-derived exosomal miR-199a-3p alleviates OA by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase 4/nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway.The present findings suggest that miR-199a-3p delivery by hUC-MSCExos may be a novel strategy for the treatment of OA.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province,No.202203021222418Research Program of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission,No.2023061+2 种基金Fundamental Research Cooperation Program of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,No.22JCZXJC00140Tianjin Major Science and Technology Project,No.21ZXJBSY00110Tianjin Health and Science and Technology Project,No.TJWJ2024ZK001.
文摘BACKGROUND Regulator of G protein signaling(RGS)proteins participate in tumor formation and metastasis by acting on theα-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins.The speci-fic effect of RGS,particularly RGS4,on the progression of gastric cancer(GC)is not yet clear.AIM To explore the role and underlying mechanisms of action of RGS4 in GC develop-ment.METHODS The prognostic significance of RGS4 in GC was analyzed using bioinformatics based public databases and verified by immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 90 patients with GC.Function assays were employed to assess the carcinogenic impact of RGS4,and the mechanism of its possible influence was detected by western blot analysis.A nude mouse xenograft model was established to study the effects of RGS4 on GC growth in vitro.RESULTS RGS4 was highly expressed in GC tissues compared with matched adjacent normal tissues.Elevated RGS4 expression was correlated with increased tumor-node-metastasis stage,increased tumor grade as well as poorer overall survival in patients with GC.Cell experiments demonstrated that RGS4 knockdown suppressed GC cell proliferation,migration and invasion.Similarly,xenograft experiments confirmed that RGS4 silencing significantly inhibited tumor growth.Moreover,RGS4 knockdown resulted in reduced phosphorylation levels of focal adhesion kinase,phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase,and protein kinase B,decreased vimentin and N-cadherin,and elevated E-cadherin.CONCLUSION High RGS4 expression in GC indicates a worse prognosis and RGS4 is a prognostic marker.RGS4 influences tumor progression via the focal adhesion kinase/phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
文摘Objective Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha(HNF4A)is a critical transcription factor in the liver and pancreas.Dysfunctions of HNF4A lead to maturity onset diabetes of the young 1(MODY1).Notably,MODY1 patients with HNF4A pathogenic mutations exhibit decreased responses to arginine and reduced plasma triglyceride levels,but the mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the potential target genes transcriptionally regulated by HNF4A and explore its role in these metabolic pathways.Methods A stable 293T cell line expressing the HNF1A reporter was overexpressed with HNF4A.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)was performed to analyze transcriptional differences.Transcription factor binding site prediction was then conducted to identify HNF4A binding motifs in the promoter regions of relevant target genes.Results RNA-seq results revealed a significant upregulation of transmembrane 4 L six family member 5(TM4SF5)mRNA in HNF4A-overexpressing cells.Transcription factor binding predictions suggested the presence of five potential HNF4A binding motifs in the TM4SF5 promoter.Finally,we confirmed that the DR1 site in the-57 to-48 region of the TM4SF5 promoter is the key binding motif for HNF4A.Conclusion This study identified TM4SF5 as a target gene of HNF4A and determined the key binding motif involved in its regulation.Given the role of TM4SF5 as an arginine sensor in mTOR signaling activation and triglyceride secretion,which closely aligns with phenotypes observed in MODY1 patients,our findings provide novel insights into the possible mechanisms by which HNF4A regulates triglyceride secretion in the liver and arginine-stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreas.
文摘Thrombospondin 4(THBS4;TSP4),a crucial component of the extracellular matrix(ECM),serves as an important regulator of tissue homeostasis and various pathophysiological processes.As a member of the evolutionarily conserved thrombospondin family,THBS4 is a multidomain adhesive glycoprotein characterized by six distinct structural domains that mediate its diverse biological functions.Through dynamic interactions with various ECM components,THBS4 plays pivotal roles in cell adhesion,proliferation,inflammation regulation,and tissue remodeling,establishing it as a key modulator of microenvironmental organization.The transcription and translation of THBS4 gene,as well as the activity of the THBS4 protein,are tightly regulated by multiple signaling pathways and extracellular cues.Positive regulators of THBS4 include transforming growth factorβ(TGF-β),interferonγ(IFNγ),granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF),bone morphogenetic proteins(BMP12/13),and other regulatory factors(such as B4GALNT1,ITGA2/ITGB1,PDGFRβ,etc.),which upregulate THBS4 at the mRNA and/or protein level.Conversely,oxidized low-density lipoprotein(OXLDL)acts as a potent negative regulator of THBS4.This intricate regulatory network ensures precise spatial and temporal control of THBS4 expression in response to diverse physiological and pathological stimuli.Functionally,THBS4 acts as a critical signaling hub,influencing multiple downstream pathways essential for cellular behavior and tissue homeostasis.The best-characterized pathways include:(1)the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis,which THBS4 modulates through both direct and indirect interactions with integrins and growth factor receptors;(2)Wnt/β-catenin signaling,where THBS4 functions as either an activator or inhibitor depending on the cellular context;(3)the suppression of DBET/TRIM69,contributing to its diverse regulatory roles.These signaling connections position THBS4 as a master regulator of cellular responses to microenvironmental changes.Substantial evidence links aberrant THBS4 expression to a range of pathological conditions,including neoplastic diseases,cardiovascular disorders,fibrotic conditions,neurodegenerative diseases,musculoskeletal disorders,and atopic dermatitis.In cancer biology,THBS4 exhibits context-dependent roles,functioning either as a tumor suppressor or promoter depending on the tumor type and microenvironment.In the cardiovascular system,THBS4 contributes to both adaptive remodeling and maladaptive fibrotic responses.Its involvement in fibrotic diseases arises from its ability to regulate ECM deposition and turnover.The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of THBS4 is particularly promising in oncology and cardiovascular medicine.As a biomarker,THBS4 expression patterns correlate significantly with disease progression and patient outcomes.Therapeutically,targeting THBS4-mediated pathways offers novel opportunities for precision medicine approaches,including anti-fibrotic therapies,modulation of the tumor microenvironment,and enhancement of tissue repair.This comprehensive review systematically explores three key aspects of THBS4 research:(1)the fundamental biological functions of THBS4 in ECM organization;(2)its mechanistic involvement in various disease pathologies;(3)its emerging potential as both a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.By integrating recent insights from molecular studies,animal models,and clinical investigations,this review provides a framework for understanding the multifaceted roles of THBS4 in health and disease.The synthesis of current knowledge highlights critical research gaps and future directions for exploring THBS4-targeted interventions across multiple disease contexts.Given its unique position at the intersection of ECM biology and cellular signaling,THBS4 represents a promising frontier for the development of novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies in precision medicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278419)the Key Core Technology Research(Social Development)Foundation of Suzhou(2023ss06)the Suzhou National Joint Laboratory for Green and Low-carbon Wastewater Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology,Suzhou University of Science and Technology(SZLSDT202404).
文摘Fully utilizing renewable biomass energy is important for saving energy,reducing carbon emissions,and mitigating climate change.As the main hydrolysate of cellulose,a primary component of lignocellulose,glucose could be employed as a starting material to prepare some other functional derivatives for improving the value of biomass resources.The isomerization of glucose to produce fructose is an important intermediate process during numerous high-value-added chemical preparations.Therefore,the development of efficient and selective catalysts for glucose isomerization is of great significance.Currently,glucose isomerase catalysts are limited by the harsh conditions required for microbial activity,which restricts further improvements in fructose yield.Additionally,heterogeneous Bronsted-base and Lewis-acid catalysts commonly employed in chemical isomerization methods often lead to the formation of undesirable by-products,resulting in reduced selectivity toward fructose.This study has demonstrated that lithium-loaded heterogeneous catalysts possess excellent isomerization capabilities under mild conditions.A highly efficient Li-C_(3)N_(4) catalyst was developed,achieving a fructose selectivity of 99.9% and a yield of 42.6% at 60℃ within 1.0 h-comparable to the performance of the enzymatic method.Characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),proton nuclear magnetic resonance(^(1)H NMR),and inductively coupled plasma(ICP)analyses confirmed that lithium was stably incorporated into the g-C_(3)N_(4) framework through the formation of Li-N bonds.Further investigations using CO_(2) temperature-programmed desorption(CO_(2)-TPD),in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and 7Li magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance(^(7)Li MAS NMR)indicated that the isomerization proceeded via a base-catalyzed mechanism.The Li species were found to interact with hydroxyl groups generated through hydrolysis and simultaneously coordinated with nitrogen atoms in the C_(3)N_(4) matrix,resulting in the formation of Li-N_(6)-H_(2)O active sites.These active sites facilitated the deprotonation of glucose to form an enolate intermediate,followed by a proton transfer step that generated fructose.This mechanism not only improved the efficiency of fructose production but also provided valuable insight into the catalytic role of lithium within the isomerization process.
文摘Let X be a closed simply connected rationally elliptic 4-manifold.The rational homotopy type of homotopy fixed point sets X^(hS^(1))is determined,and based on some relations between X^(hS^(1))and X^(S^(1)),the rational homotopy type of the fixed point set X^(S^(1))is determined.
基金University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province(GXXT-2022-083)Science and Technology Plan Project of Wuhu City,China(2023kx12)Anhui Provincial Department of Education New Era Education Project(2023xscx070)。
文摘Owing to outstanding hydrophilicity and ionic interaction,layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have emerged as a promising carrier for high performance catalysts.However,the synthesis of new specialized catalytic LDHs for degradation of antibiotics still faces some challenges.In this study,a CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH composite catalyst was synthesized using a hydrothermal coprecipitation method.Comprehensive characterization reveals that the surface of MgAl-LDH is covered with nanometer CoFe_(2)O_(4) particles.The specific surface area of CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH is 82.84 m^(2)·g^(-)1,which is 2.34 times that of CoFe_(2)O_(4).CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH has a saturation magnetic strength of 22.24 A·m^(2)·kg^(-1) facilitating efficient solid-liquid separation.The composite catalyst was employed to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)for the efficient degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH).It is found that the catalytic performance of CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH significantly exceeds that of CoFe_(2)O_(4).The maximum TCH removal reaches 98.2%under the optimal conditions([TCH]=25 mg/L,[PMS]=1.5 mmol/L,CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH=0.20 g/L,pH 7,and T=25℃).Coexisting ions in the solution,such as SO_(4)^(2-),Cl-,H_(2)PO_(4)^(-),and CO_(3)^(2-),have a negligible effect on catalytic performance.Cyclic tests demonstrate that the catalytic performance of CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH remains 67.2%after five cycles.Mechanism investigations suggest that O_(2)^(•-)and ^(1)O_(2) produced by CoFe_(2)O_(4)/MgAl-LDH play a critical role in the catalytic degradation.
基金supported by the Shanxi Province Central Guidance Fund for Local Science and Technology Development Project(YDZJSX2024D030)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075197,22278290)+2 种基金the Shanxi Province Key Research and Development Program Project(2021020660301013)the Shanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(202103021224079)the Research and Development Project of Key Core and Common Technology of Shanxi Province(20201102018).
文摘The advancement of planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs)for micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)has been significantly hindered by the challenge of achieving high energy and power densities.This study addresses this issue by leveraging screen-printing technology to fabricate high-performance PMSCs using innovative composite ink.The ink,a synergistic blend of few-layer graphene(Gt),carbon black(CB),and NiCo_(2)O_(4),was meticulously mixed to form a conductive and robust coating that enhanced the capacitive performance of the PMSCs.The optimized ink formulation and printing process result in a micro-supercapacitor with an exceptional areal capacitance of 18.95 mF/cm^(2)and an areal energy density of 2.63μW·h/cm^(2)at a current density of 0.05 mA/cm^(2),along with an areal power density of 0.025 mW/cm^(2).The devices demonstrated impressive durability with a capacitance retention rate of 94.7%after a stringent 20000-cycle test,demonstrating their potential for long-term applications.Moreover,the PMSCs displayed excellent mechanical flexibility,with a capacitance decrease of only 3.43%after 5000 bending cycles,highlighting their suitability for flexible electronic devices.The ease of integrating these PMSCs into series and parallel configurations for customized power further underscores their practicality for integrated power supply solutions in various technologies.
文摘Four new coordination polymers,{[Cd(mbtx)(4OHphCOO)]NO_(3)}n(1),{[Zn(mbtx)(1,4-bdc)_(0.5)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·(1,4-bdc)_(0.5)·4H_(2)O}n(2),{[Cd2(mbtx)(5NO_(2)-bdc)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(3)]·4.5H_(2)O}n(3),and{[Zn(H_(2)O)6][Zn_(2)(mbtx)_(2)(btc)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(4)]·2H_(2)O}n(4)(mbtx=1,3-bis(4H-1,2,4-triazole)benzene,4OHphCOO-=p-hydroxybenzoate,1,4-bdc2-=1,4-benzenedicarboxylate,5NO_(2)-bdc2-=5-nitro-isophthalate,btc3-=1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate),were synthesized under room temperature condition and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analyses,and powder X-ray diffraction.Single-crystal X-ray structural analysis shows that complexes 1 and 3 are 2D networks.In 1,the adjacent 2D networks are linked to a 3D network byπ-πstacking interaction.2 and 4 exhibit 1D chains,and the 1D chains are connected into a 3D network byπ-πstacking interaction and intermolecular hydrogen bond.Luminescence and thermogravimetric analysis of the four complexes were discussed.CCDC:2416406,1;2416407,2;2416408,3;2416409,4.
基金the support by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52375314,12472147,U23A20412)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFB4710205,2024YFD2200700)Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2022ZX02C25).
文摘Four-dimensional(4D)printing technology is a revolutionary development that produces structures that can adapt in response to external stimuli.However,the responsiveness and printability of smart materials with shape memory properties,which are necessary for 4D printing,remain limited.Biomass materials derived from nature have offered an effective solution due to their various excellent and unique properties.Biomass materials have been abundant in resources and low in carbon content,contributing to the then-current global green energy-saving goals,including carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.This review focused on different sources of biomass materials used in 4D printing,including plant-based,animal-based,and microbial-based biomass materials.It systematically outlined the responsive deformation mechanisms of printed objects that contained biomass materials and delved into the roles and unique advantages of biomass materials in those printed objects.Leveraging these advantages,the review discussed the potential applications of biomass materials in biomedicine,food printing,and other fields to support ongoing development and application efforts.Additionally,it emphasized the crucial role played by bio-fabrication technologies utilizing biomass materials in the integration of biomass materials with 4D printing.Finally,this paper discussed the then-current challenges and potential future directions of biomass materials in 4D printing,aiming to promote the effective development of biomass materials in 4D printing applications.
