基于2010~2019年ERA5单层再分析资料,结合安徽省淮南森林观测站2016年5月1日至2017年4月30日的大气边界层塔(PBL塔)观测资料,驱动陆面模式CLM4.5(Community Land Model Version 4.5),模拟了淮南山地森林下垫面上的陆面过程,并比较分析...基于2010~2019年ERA5单层再分析资料,结合安徽省淮南森林观测站2016年5月1日至2017年4月30日的大气边界层塔(PBL塔)观测资料,驱动陆面模式CLM4.5(Community Land Model Version 4.5),模拟了淮南山地森林下垫面上的陆面过程,并比较分析了不同驱动场对其影响,同时设计了土壤质地对土壤湿度影响的三个模拟试验。结果表明,CLM4.5对淮南森林陆气交换过程表现了较好的模拟性能,PBL塔观测资料驱动的总体模拟效果优于ERA5再分析资料的。在辐射模拟方面,CLM4.5利用ERA5资料和PBL塔观测资料,都很好地模拟了辐射分量,特别是PBL塔观测资料驱动的全年模拟结果与观测相关系数达0.97以上,均方根误差在25.056 W m^(-2)以下。ERA5再分析资料强迫模拟的相关系数略低,但也达到了0.92,均方根误差在29.939 W m^(-2)以下。在土壤温度模拟方面,相关系数都达到0.98以上;土壤湿度模拟的相关系数都在0.86以上,但系统性偏高;对感热通量的模拟全年平均的相关系数分别为0.72和0.78。实测的三层土壤质地加上深层给定的土壤质地的数据对土壤湿度的模拟结果与观测最为接近,土壤质地的准确描述可以大幅提高土壤湿度的模拟。本研究发现ERA5单层再分析资料在淮南森林站精度较好,可以应用于该山地森林区域陆—气交换过程的模拟研究。展开更多
In this study,cryogenic cycling treatment was used to process the hot-rolled Mg-4.5Al-2.5Zn alloy sheets to research the influence on mechanical properties and microstructure.Optical microscopy,electron back-scatter d...In this study,cryogenic cycling treatment was used to process the hot-rolled Mg-4.5Al-2.5Zn alloy sheets to research the influence on mechanical properties and microstructure.Optical microscopy,electron back-scatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were applied to characterize the microstructures and analyze the mechanisms.The consequences indicate that the cryogenic cycling treatment has significantly influence on improving the mechanical properties.With the cycle of cryogenic cycling treatment increasing to 5 cycles,the sample processed by 3 cycles presents the highest ductility(~18.6%),while the 4-cycle one shows the highest strength(~311.8 MPa).The improvement can be attributed to fine grains,introduced high-density dislocation,9.8%-fraction low-angle grain boundaries(LAGBs),the precipitation of Mg17Al12 phase and the texture with the intensity of 17.5.Although the average grain sizes of the samples processed by cryogenic cycling treatment have no obvious difference,internal stress variations induced by cryogenic cycling treatment significantly influence LAGBs,the basal texture evolution,and the prismaticslip,pyramidal<c>slip and pyramidal<c+a>slip activation.展开更多
The modulation of charge transfer pathways within type-I heterojunctions through interfacial electric field(IEF)engineering is of critical importance in promoting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,effectively facilita...The modulation of charge transfer pathways within type-I heterojunctions through interfacial electric field(IEF)engineering is of critical importance in promoting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,effectively facilitating the separation of photogenerated charge carriers.In this study,we performed in-situ growth of two-dimensional ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets on MnCo_(2)O_(4.5)nanorods to construct an ohmic-like type-I ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/MnCo_(2)O_(4.5)heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.This ohmic-like charge transfer mechanism effectively addresses the intrinsic limitations inherent to conventional type-I heterojunctions neglecting IEF effects,particularly through IEF-induced enhancement of charge separation efficiency.Consequently,the optimized ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/MnCo_(2)O_(4.5)photocatalyst demonstrates an outstanding photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 20.9 mmol g^(−1)h^(−1),14.9 times that of the bare ZnIn_(2)S_(4).Furthermore,the ohmic-like charge transport behavior has been rigorously validated by integrated advanced experimental characterizations,including in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM),and surface photovoltage(SPV)measurements,which collectively provide robust evidence for the proposed mechanism.This work offers valuable insights into the design of high-efficient ohmic-like type-I heterojunction catalysts for photocatalytic H_(2)evolution.展开更多
文摘基于2010~2019年ERA5单层再分析资料,结合安徽省淮南森林观测站2016年5月1日至2017年4月30日的大气边界层塔(PBL塔)观测资料,驱动陆面模式CLM4.5(Community Land Model Version 4.5),模拟了淮南山地森林下垫面上的陆面过程,并比较分析了不同驱动场对其影响,同时设计了土壤质地对土壤湿度影响的三个模拟试验。结果表明,CLM4.5对淮南森林陆气交换过程表现了较好的模拟性能,PBL塔观测资料驱动的总体模拟效果优于ERA5再分析资料的。在辐射模拟方面,CLM4.5利用ERA5资料和PBL塔观测资料,都很好地模拟了辐射分量,特别是PBL塔观测资料驱动的全年模拟结果与观测相关系数达0.97以上,均方根误差在25.056 W m^(-2)以下。ERA5再分析资料强迫模拟的相关系数略低,但也达到了0.92,均方根误差在29.939 W m^(-2)以下。在土壤温度模拟方面,相关系数都达到0.98以上;土壤湿度模拟的相关系数都在0.86以上,但系统性偏高;对感热通量的模拟全年平均的相关系数分别为0.72和0.78。实测的三层土壤质地加上深层给定的土壤质地的数据对土壤湿度的模拟结果与观测最为接近,土壤质地的准确描述可以大幅提高土壤湿度的模拟。本研究发现ERA5单层再分析资料在淮南森林站精度较好,可以应用于该山地森林区域陆—气交换过程的模拟研究。
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52174362)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2023JJ10020)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2022RC4012)the Shaanxi Provincial Key R&D Program(2024CY2-GJHX-71)the Hunan Innovative Province Construction Special Program(2019GK1012).
文摘In this study,cryogenic cycling treatment was used to process the hot-rolled Mg-4.5Al-2.5Zn alloy sheets to research the influence on mechanical properties and microstructure.Optical microscopy,electron back-scatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were applied to characterize the microstructures and analyze the mechanisms.The consequences indicate that the cryogenic cycling treatment has significantly influence on improving the mechanical properties.With the cycle of cryogenic cycling treatment increasing to 5 cycles,the sample processed by 3 cycles presents the highest ductility(~18.6%),while the 4-cycle one shows the highest strength(~311.8 MPa).The improvement can be attributed to fine grains,introduced high-density dislocation,9.8%-fraction low-angle grain boundaries(LAGBs),the precipitation of Mg17Al12 phase and the texture with the intensity of 17.5.Although the average grain sizes of the samples processed by cryogenic cycling treatment have no obvious difference,internal stress variations induced by cryogenic cycling treatment significantly influence LAGBs,the basal texture evolution,and the prismaticslip,pyramidal<c>slip and pyramidal<c+a>slip activation.
基金financial support from the“Lingyan”R&D Plan Project of Zhejiang Province(2025C02218)。
文摘The modulation of charge transfer pathways within type-I heterojunctions through interfacial electric field(IEF)engineering is of critical importance in promoting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,effectively facilitating the separation of photogenerated charge carriers.In this study,we performed in-situ growth of two-dimensional ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets on MnCo_(2)O_(4.5)nanorods to construct an ohmic-like type-I ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/MnCo_(2)O_(4.5)heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.This ohmic-like charge transfer mechanism effectively addresses the intrinsic limitations inherent to conventional type-I heterojunctions neglecting IEF effects,particularly through IEF-induced enhancement of charge separation efficiency.Consequently,the optimized ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/MnCo_(2)O_(4.5)photocatalyst demonstrates an outstanding photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 20.9 mmol g^(−1)h^(−1),14.9 times that of the bare ZnIn_(2)S_(4).Furthermore,the ohmic-like charge transport behavior has been rigorously validated by integrated advanced experimental characterizations,including in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM),and surface photovoltage(SPV)measurements,which collectively provide robust evidence for the proposed mechanism.This work offers valuable insights into the design of high-efficient ohmic-like type-I heterojunction catalysts for photocatalytic H_(2)evolution.
