The introduction of a new concept of space-energy duality serves to extend the applicability of the Einstein field equation in the context of a 4-index framework. The utilization of the Weyl tensor enables the derivat...The introduction of a new concept of space-energy duality serves to extend the applicability of the Einstein field equation in the context of a 4-index framework. The utilization of the Weyl tensor enables the derivation of Einstein’s equations in the 4-index format. Additionally, a two-index field equation is presented, comprising a conventional Einstein field equation and a trace-free Einstein equation. Notably, the cosmological constant is associated with a novel concept that facilitates the encoding of space and energy information, thereby enabling the recognition of mutual interactions between space and energy in the presence of gravitational forces, as dictated by Einstein’s field equations (EFE) and Trace-Free Einstein Equation (TFE).展开更多
目的 探讨基于4个因素的纤维化指数(fibrosis index based on four factors,FIB-4)在长期接受抗病毒治疗的慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者前瞻队列人群中对发生肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的预测能力。方法 收...目的 探讨基于4个因素的纤维化指数(fibrosis index based on four factors,FIB-4)在长期接受抗病毒治疗的慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者前瞻队列人群中对发生肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的预测能力。方法 收集2008年10月至2021年7月首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院829例接受口服抗病毒治疗或在研究开始前接受治疗的成年CHB患者的基线数据,每3~6个月进行1次随访,HCC经腹超声、腹部计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)或磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)或肝血管造影检查或HCC的细胞学/组织学诊断。结果 共纳入764例CHB患者,中位随访时间为8.8(6.7~10.6)年。多因素Cox回归分析显示,年龄、HCC家族史、饮酒、肝硬化和FIB-4均为CHB患者HCC发病独立风险预测因子,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。通过限制性立条图RCS分析,随着FIB-4指数的增加HCC发生风险呈非线性升高。相对于FIB-4指数<1.4组,FIB-4指数≥1.4组HCC的HR为8.89(95%CI:3.16~25.07),校正多因素影响后HR为4.84(95%CI:1.64~14.34)。肝硬化患者发生HCC的HR为3.46(95%CI:1.69~7.07)。中介效应模型分析,FIB-4指数与肝硬化有中介效应,其中有40.25%通过肝硬化间接影响HCC的发生。结论 FIB-4指数在预测接受抗病毒治疗的CHB患者的HCC风险方面具有优势。可用于临床实践,以帮助决策长期HCC监测策略,尤其是对中度和高危患者。展开更多
文摘The introduction of a new concept of space-energy duality serves to extend the applicability of the Einstein field equation in the context of a 4-index framework. The utilization of the Weyl tensor enables the derivation of Einstein’s equations in the 4-index format. Additionally, a two-index field equation is presented, comprising a conventional Einstein field equation and a trace-free Einstein equation. Notably, the cosmological constant is associated with a novel concept that facilitates the encoding of space and energy information, thereby enabling the recognition of mutual interactions between space and energy in the presence of gravitational forces, as dictated by Einstein’s field equations (EFE) and Trace-Free Einstein Equation (TFE).
文摘目的 探讨基于4个因素的纤维化指数(fibrosis index based on four factors,FIB-4)在长期接受抗病毒治疗的慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者前瞻队列人群中对发生肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的预测能力。方法 收集2008年10月至2021年7月首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院829例接受口服抗病毒治疗或在研究开始前接受治疗的成年CHB患者的基线数据,每3~6个月进行1次随访,HCC经腹超声、腹部计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)或磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)或肝血管造影检查或HCC的细胞学/组织学诊断。结果 共纳入764例CHB患者,中位随访时间为8.8(6.7~10.6)年。多因素Cox回归分析显示,年龄、HCC家族史、饮酒、肝硬化和FIB-4均为CHB患者HCC发病独立风险预测因子,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。通过限制性立条图RCS分析,随着FIB-4指数的增加HCC发生风险呈非线性升高。相对于FIB-4指数<1.4组,FIB-4指数≥1.4组HCC的HR为8.89(95%CI:3.16~25.07),校正多因素影响后HR为4.84(95%CI:1.64~14.34)。肝硬化患者发生HCC的HR为3.46(95%CI:1.69~7.07)。中介效应模型分析,FIB-4指数与肝硬化有中介效应,其中有40.25%通过肝硬化间接影响HCC的发生。结论 FIB-4指数在预测接受抗病毒治疗的CHB患者的HCC风险方面具有优势。可用于临床实践,以帮助决策长期HCC监测策略,尤其是对中度和高危患者。
