At Kuwana illegal dumping site in Japan, where hazardous waste was illegally dumped, groundwater was severely contaminated by Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Groundwater was already remedied by conducting Pump-and-...At Kuwana illegal dumping site in Japan, where hazardous waste was illegally dumped, groundwater was severely contaminated by Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Groundwater was already remedied by conducting Pump-and-Treat (P&T) after containment of all the waste by vertical slurry walls from 2002 to 2007. However, 1,4-dioxane was detected in both waste and groundwater outside of slurry walls after it was newly added into Japan environmental standards in late 2009, which suggested that the walls did not contain 1,4-dioxane completely. Our previous study developed a model to predict the 1,4-dioxane distribution in groundwater after the previous remediation at the site. In this study, numerical simulation was applied for remediation planning at the site based on the concept of Verified Follow Up (VF-UP) that had been proposed as a new approach to complete remediation effectively with consideration of future risks. The amount of waste to be removed and pumping plans were discussed by numerical simulation to achieve the remedial objective in which 1,4-dioxane in groundwater outside of walls is remedied within 10 years and 1,4-dioxane spreading throughout the walls is prevented in the case where a portion of waste is remained. Firstly, the amount of waste to be removed considering pumping plans for P&T was determined by scenario analysis. As a result, at least two-third of waste should be removed by combining with P&T. However, if the waste is remained, future risks of 1,4-dioxane spreading through the slurry walls may occur. Our simulation suggested that groundwater within the remaining waste must be pumped up at least 20 m3/d for containment of 1,4-dioxane within the remaining waste. In conclusion, our numerical simulation determined the amount of waste to be removed and the pumping plans for P&T to achieve the remedial objective effectively considering future risks based on the concept of VF-UP.展开更多
[目的]3-(3′,4′-次甲二氧苯基)-N-正丙基丙烯酰胺是具有广谱抑菌活性的化合物,将其研制成优良环保剂型悬浮剂,可为实现田间应用提供技术依据。[方法]采用湿法研磨制备了12种不同配方的悬浮剂,通过质量指标检测确定最佳配方,测定其表...[目的]3-(3′,4′-次甲二氧苯基)-N-正丙基丙烯酰胺是具有广谱抑菌活性的化合物,将其研制成优良环保剂型悬浮剂,可为实现田间应用提供技术依据。[方法]采用湿法研磨制备了12种不同配方的悬浮剂,通过质量指标检测确定最佳配方,测定其表面张力及其在黄瓜叶面的动态接触角,并开展了防治黄瓜白粉病田间药效试验。[结果]最佳配方为3-(3′,4′-次甲二氧苯基)-N-正丙基丙烯酰胺40%(折百)、S043%、D4252%、W071%、乙二醇3%、硅酸镁铝0.4%、黄原胶0.12%、B150.12%、消泡剂X600.3%、水补足。此悬浮剂在有效成分0.27 g a.i./L时的表面张力以及在黄瓜叶面的动态接触角均小于对照药剂40%苯醚甲环唑SC,表明其具有良好的润湿性能。在有效成分0.27 g a.i./L下的防效为88.38%,与对照药剂25%嘧菌酯SC 0.20 g a.i./L相当,且对黄瓜安全。[结论]制备悬浮剂为类白色均匀悬浮液,流动性好,粒径合格,悬浮率稳定在98.5%左右,pH为4.09,黏度为452 mPa·s,入水分散性合格,热储、低温及冻融稳定性良好,未出现沉淀,各项指标均达标,对黄瓜白粉病防效优良,具有良好的开发应用前景。展开更多
文摘At Kuwana illegal dumping site in Japan, where hazardous waste was illegally dumped, groundwater was severely contaminated by Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Groundwater was already remedied by conducting Pump-and-Treat (P&T) after containment of all the waste by vertical slurry walls from 2002 to 2007. However, 1,4-dioxane was detected in both waste and groundwater outside of slurry walls after it was newly added into Japan environmental standards in late 2009, which suggested that the walls did not contain 1,4-dioxane completely. Our previous study developed a model to predict the 1,4-dioxane distribution in groundwater after the previous remediation at the site. In this study, numerical simulation was applied for remediation planning at the site based on the concept of Verified Follow Up (VF-UP) that had been proposed as a new approach to complete remediation effectively with consideration of future risks. The amount of waste to be removed and pumping plans were discussed by numerical simulation to achieve the remedial objective in which 1,4-dioxane in groundwater outside of walls is remedied within 10 years and 1,4-dioxane spreading throughout the walls is prevented in the case where a portion of waste is remained. Firstly, the amount of waste to be removed considering pumping plans for P&T was determined by scenario analysis. As a result, at least two-third of waste should be removed by combining with P&T. However, if the waste is remained, future risks of 1,4-dioxane spreading through the slurry walls may occur. Our simulation suggested that groundwater within the remaining waste must be pumped up at least 20 m3/d for containment of 1,4-dioxane within the remaining waste. In conclusion, our numerical simulation determined the amount of waste to be removed and the pumping plans for P&T to achieve the remedial objective effectively considering future risks based on the concept of VF-UP.
文摘[目的]3-(3′,4′-次甲二氧苯基)-N-正丙基丙烯酰胺是具有广谱抑菌活性的化合物,将其研制成优良环保剂型悬浮剂,可为实现田间应用提供技术依据。[方法]采用湿法研磨制备了12种不同配方的悬浮剂,通过质量指标检测确定最佳配方,测定其表面张力及其在黄瓜叶面的动态接触角,并开展了防治黄瓜白粉病田间药效试验。[结果]最佳配方为3-(3′,4′-次甲二氧苯基)-N-正丙基丙烯酰胺40%(折百)、S043%、D4252%、W071%、乙二醇3%、硅酸镁铝0.4%、黄原胶0.12%、B150.12%、消泡剂X600.3%、水补足。此悬浮剂在有效成分0.27 g a.i./L时的表面张力以及在黄瓜叶面的动态接触角均小于对照药剂40%苯醚甲环唑SC,表明其具有良好的润湿性能。在有效成分0.27 g a.i./L下的防效为88.38%,与对照药剂25%嘧菌酯SC 0.20 g a.i./L相当,且对黄瓜安全。[结论]制备悬浮剂为类白色均匀悬浮液,流动性好,粒径合格,悬浮率稳定在98.5%左右,pH为4.09,黏度为452 mPa·s,入水分散性合格,热储、低温及冻融稳定性良好,未出现沉淀,各项指标均达标,对黄瓜白粉病防效优良,具有良好的开发应用前景。
文摘目的:观察葛根芩连汤辅助0.1%糠酸莫米松乳膏及盐酸西替利嗪片治疗特应性皮炎(Atopic dermatitis,AD)患者的临床疗效以及血清中神经生长因子(Nerve growth factor,NGF)和神经营养因子4(Neurotrophin-4,NT-4)水平的影响。方法:选取2021年5月-2023年5月收入笔者医院的AD患者60例,根据治疗方案的差异随机分为对照组(西药治疗)、观察组(西药治疗+中药辅助治疗)每组30例。对照组采用外用糠酸莫米松乳膏,口服盐酸西替利嗪进行干预治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用葛根芩连汤辅助进行治疗。观察两组患者治疗前、后血清中NGF、NT-4水平、瘙痒视觉模拟评分(Visual analogue scale,VAS)、湿疹面积及严重指数(Eczema area and severity index,EASI)评分,治疗后临床疗效及不良反应发生率。结果:治疗前两组患者血清中NGF、NT-4水平、VAS评分、EASI评分相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),经治疗后两组患者血清中NGF、NT-4水平、VAS评分、EASI评分均较同组治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);经治疗后,观察组患者临床疗效总有效率高于对照组,不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:葛根芩连汤辅助西药治疗AD可下调患者血清中NGF、NT-4水平,减轻瘙痒症状及皮损程度,改善临床症状,降低不良事件的发生率,值得临床推广应用。
