This research pioneers the integration of geographic information systems(GIS)and 3D modeling within a virtual reality(VR)framework to assess the viability and planning of a 20 MW hybrid wind-solarphotovoltaic(PV)syste...This research pioneers the integration of geographic information systems(GIS)and 3D modeling within a virtual reality(VR)framework to assess the viability and planning of a 20 MW hybrid wind-solarphotovoltaic(PV)system connected to the local grid.The study focuses on Dakhla,Morocco,a region with vast untapped renewable energy potential.By leveraging GIS,we are innovatively analyzing geographical and environmental factors that influence optimal site selection and system design.The incorporation of VR technologies offers an unprecedented level of realism and immersion,allowing stakeholders to virtually experience the project's impact and design in a dynamic,interactive environment.This novel methodology includes extensive data collection,advanced modeling,and simulations,ensuring that the hybrid system is precisely tailored to the unique climatic and environmental conditions of Dakhla.Our analysis reveals that the region possesses a photovoltaic solar potential of approximately2400 k Wh/m^(2) per year,with an average annual wind power density of about 434 W/m^(2) at an 80-meter hub height.Productivity simulations indicate that the 20 MW hybrid system could generate approximately 60 GWh of energy per year and 1369 GWh over its 25-year lifespan.To validate these findings,we employed the System Advisor Model(SAM)software and the Global Solar Photovoltaic Atlas platform.This comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach not only provides a robust assessment of the system's feasibility but also offers valuable insights into its potential socio-economic and environmental impact.展开更多
BIM （building information modeling） is a technological innovation, not only during the design process, but also during the planning and preparation stages of a construction project, as it also supports making invest...BIM （building information modeling） is a technological innovation, not only during the design process, but also during the planning and preparation stages of a construction project, as it also supports making investment decisions. An innovation which is comparable, if only slightly less significant, was the transition from using 2D systems to the 3D structural model design. The article outlines the advantages of using BIM in the preparatory stages of a construction project. It also presents benefits which relate to the employment of the BIM system in cost estimation process. The article describes the Zuzia BIM system which uses the BIM model, as this system has just been created in Poland for the purpose of construction cost estimation. The preparation of the bill of quantities is automated in this system and this has been achieved on the basis of data directly obtained from virtual models of buildings, which were carried out thanks to the collaboration of various design sectors. The article authors, using their own experience, present difficulties which can be encountered by cost estimators in Poland when calculating the value of a building with the help of the BIM concept. The article shows the design errors that prevent or hinder takeoff automatic calculation based on BIM model. Design errors shown in the article are for example reinforcement bars have been defined by a designer as elements hollow in the middle or as one element for the whole building, one type of elements assigned as few different or incorrect defining of elements in relation to the type of works.展开更多
This study investigated the dual potential of basalt deposits for dimensional stone quarrying and CO_(2)sequestration.The integrated approach combined unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)surveys for surface modeling;electrica...This study investigated the dual potential of basalt deposits for dimensional stone quarrying and CO_(2)sequestration.The integrated approach combined unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)surveys for surface modeling;electrical resistivity imaging(ERI),particularly vertical electrical sounding(VES)surveys for subsurface modeling;and a geographic information system(GIS)for area,volume,tonnage,and phase design.UAVs,in conjunction with GIS,provide high-resolution 3D models including digital terrain models(DTMs),digital elevation models(DEMs),and contour maps.These models were used to design a primary quarry while optimizing dimensional stone extraction and minimizing waste.The total area of the deposit is 1.46 km^(2),the volume is 88.08×10^(6)m^(3),and the total extractable material is 255.45×10^(6)t across eight phases.The ERI/VES survey identified three distinct lithological layers:fresh,fractured,and weathered basalts.The fresh basalt zone guides the extraction strategies for dimensional stones,whereas the fractured zone represents the optimal target for CO_(2)injection and storage.The low-resistivity weathered zone functions as an impermeable cap rock and prevents the upward migration of injected CO_(2).A geochemical analysis revealed a composition comparable to those of world-renowned CO_(2)sequestration sites,with 24.6%-28.2%of the mass composed of Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),and Fe^(2+)cations.The estimated CO_(2)storage capacity is 0.211×10^(6)t,with each kilogram capable of storing 0.8 g of CO_(2).This pioneering study demonstrates the feasibility of integrating carbon capture initiatives with conventional mining operations.It presents a model for sustainable resource utilization,particularly in mountainous regions with fragile ecosystems.展开更多
文摘This research pioneers the integration of geographic information systems(GIS)and 3D modeling within a virtual reality(VR)framework to assess the viability and planning of a 20 MW hybrid wind-solarphotovoltaic(PV)system connected to the local grid.The study focuses on Dakhla,Morocco,a region with vast untapped renewable energy potential.By leveraging GIS,we are innovatively analyzing geographical and environmental factors that influence optimal site selection and system design.The incorporation of VR technologies offers an unprecedented level of realism and immersion,allowing stakeholders to virtually experience the project's impact and design in a dynamic,interactive environment.This novel methodology includes extensive data collection,advanced modeling,and simulations,ensuring that the hybrid system is precisely tailored to the unique climatic and environmental conditions of Dakhla.Our analysis reveals that the region possesses a photovoltaic solar potential of approximately2400 k Wh/m^(2) per year,with an average annual wind power density of about 434 W/m^(2) at an 80-meter hub height.Productivity simulations indicate that the 20 MW hybrid system could generate approximately 60 GWh of energy per year and 1369 GWh over its 25-year lifespan.To validate these findings,we employed the System Advisor Model(SAM)software and the Global Solar Photovoltaic Atlas platform.This comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach not only provides a robust assessment of the system's feasibility but also offers valuable insights into its potential socio-economic and environmental impact.
文摘BIM （building information modeling） is a technological innovation, not only during the design process, but also during the planning and preparation stages of a construction project, as it also supports making investment decisions. An innovation which is comparable, if only slightly less significant, was the transition from using 2D systems to the 3D structural model design. The article outlines the advantages of using BIM in the preparatory stages of a construction project. It also presents benefits which relate to the employment of the BIM system in cost estimation process. The article describes the Zuzia BIM system which uses the BIM model, as this system has just been created in Poland for the purpose of construction cost estimation. The preparation of the bill of quantities is automated in this system and this has been achieved on the basis of data directly obtained from virtual models of buildings, which were carried out thanks to the collaboration of various design sectors. The article authors, using their own experience, present difficulties which can be encountered by cost estimators in Poland when calculating the value of a building with the help of the BIM concept. The article shows the design errors that prevent or hinder takeoff automatic calculation based on BIM model. Design errors shown in the article are for example reinforcement bars have been defined by a designer as elements hollow in the middle or as one element for the whole building, one type of elements assigned as few different or incorrect defining of elements in relation to the type of works.
基金supported by Jing-Jin-Ji Regional Integrated Environmental Improvement-National Science and Technology,Major Project(No.2024ZD12004)the National Social Science Fund of China(No.24BGL217)
文摘This study investigated the dual potential of basalt deposits for dimensional stone quarrying and CO_(2)sequestration.The integrated approach combined unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)surveys for surface modeling;electrical resistivity imaging(ERI),particularly vertical electrical sounding(VES)surveys for subsurface modeling;and a geographic information system(GIS)for area,volume,tonnage,and phase design.UAVs,in conjunction with GIS,provide high-resolution 3D models including digital terrain models(DTMs),digital elevation models(DEMs),and contour maps.These models were used to design a primary quarry while optimizing dimensional stone extraction and minimizing waste.The total area of the deposit is 1.46 km^(2),the volume is 88.08×10^(6)m^(3),and the total extractable material is 255.45×10^(6)t across eight phases.The ERI/VES survey identified three distinct lithological layers:fresh,fractured,and weathered basalts.The fresh basalt zone guides the extraction strategies for dimensional stones,whereas the fractured zone represents the optimal target for CO_(2)injection and storage.The low-resistivity weathered zone functions as an impermeable cap rock and prevents the upward migration of injected CO_(2).A geochemical analysis revealed a composition comparable to those of world-renowned CO_(2)sequestration sites,with 24.6%-28.2%of the mass composed of Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),and Fe^(2+)cations.The estimated CO_(2)storage capacity is 0.211×10^(6)t,with each kilogram capable of storing 0.8 g of CO_(2).This pioneering study demonstrates the feasibility of integrating carbon capture initiatives with conventional mining operations.It presents a model for sustainable resource utilization,particularly in mountainous regions with fragile ecosystems.
