Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)have attracted much attention for their safety,ease of packaging,costeffectiveness,excellent flexibility and stability.Poly-dioxolane(PDOL)is one of the most promising matrix materials ...Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)have attracted much attention for their safety,ease of packaging,costeffectiveness,excellent flexibility and stability.Poly-dioxolane(PDOL)is one of the most promising matrix materials of SPEs due to its remarkable compatibility with lithium metal anodes(LMAs)and suitability for in-situ polymerization.However,poor thermal stability,insufficient ionic conductivity and narrow electrochemical stability window(ESW)hinder its further application in lithium metal batteries(LMBs).To ameliorate these problems,we have successfully synthesized a polymerized-ionic-liquid(PIL)monomer named DIMTFSI by modifying DOL with imidazolium cation coupled with TFSI^(-)anion,which simultaneously inherits the lipophilicity of DOL,high ionic conductivity of imidazole,and excellent stability of PILs.Then the tridentate crosslinker trimethylolpropane tris[3-(2-methyl-1-aziridine)propionate](TTMAP)was introduced to regulate the excessive Li^(+)-O coordination and prepare a flame-retardant SPE(DT-SPE)with prominent thermal stability,wide ESW,high ionic conductivity and abundant Lit transference numbers(t_(Li+)).As a result,the LiFePO_(4)|DT-SPE|Li cell exhibits a high initial discharge specific capacity of 149.60 mAh g^(-1)at 0.2C and 30℃with a capacity retention rate of 98.68%after 500 cycles.This work provides new insights into the structural design of PIL-based electrolytes for long-cycling LMBs with high safety and stability.展开更多
3D navigation within a 3D-GIS environment is increasingly getting more popular and spreading to various fields.In thelast decade,especially after the 9/11 disaster,evacuating the complex and tall buildings of today in...3D navigation within a 3D-GIS environment is increasingly getting more popular and spreading to various fields.In thelast decade,especially after the 9/11 disaster,evacuating the complex and tall buildings of today in case of emergencyhas been an important research area for scientists.Most of the current navigation systems are still in the 2D environmentand that is insufficient to visualize 3D objects and to obtain satisfactory solutions for the 3D environment.Therefore,there is currently still a lack of implementation of 3D network analysis and navigation for indoor spaces in respect toevacuation.The objective of this paper is to investigate and implement 3D visualization and navigation techniques andsolutions for indoor spaces within 3D-GIS.For realizing this,we have proposed a GIS implementation that is capable ofcarrying out 3D visualization of a building model stored in the CityGML format and perform analysis on a networkmodel stored in Oracle Spatial.The proposed GUI also provides routing simulation on the calculated shortest paths withvoice commands and visual instructions.展开更多
Multiphase polymer composites offer a versatile platform for constructing efficient 3D conductive networks by regulating filler distribution.However,controlling the spatial distribution and network formation of 2D fil...Multiphase polymer composites offer a versatile platform for constructing efficient 3D conductive networks by regulating filler distribution.However,controlling the spatial distribution and network formation of 2D fillers like boron nitride(BN)flakes in immiscible polymer blends remains a major challenge for achieving efficient thermal conductivity.This work introduces a strategy to regulate the cross-linking degree of low-density polyethylene(LDPE)in poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA)/LDPE blends,enabling effective control over BN localization.BN flakes preferentially localize in the LDPE phase,forming double-percolated networks across broad blend compositions.Controlled LDPE cross-linking suppresses domain coalescence and promotes a secondary segregated BN network via capillary bridginginduced agglomeration.This manipulation of domain viscoelasticity enhances 3D filler network formation,increasing the maximum through-plane thermal conductivity of the polymer composites from 2.02 to 2.58 W m^(−1) K^(−1).Our findings offer a facile route for tailoring 3D filler networks in multiphase polymer composites for improved thermal conduction.展开更多
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)mutations are influenced by random and uncontrollable factors,and the risk of the next widespread epidemic remains.Dual-target drugs that synergistically act ...Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)mutations are influenced by random and uncontrollable factors,and the risk of the next widespread epidemic remains.Dual-target drugs that synergistically act on two targets exhibit strong therapeutic effects and advantages against mutations.In this study,a novel computational workflow was developed to design dual-target SARS-CoV-2 candidate inhibitors with the Envelope protein and Main protease selected as the two target proteins.The drug-like molecules of our self-constructed 3D scaffold database were used as high-throughput molecular docking probes for feature extraction of two target protein pockets.A multi-layer perceptron(MLP)was employed to embed the binding affinities into a latent space as conditional vectors to control conditional distribution.Utilizing a conditional generative neural network,cG-SchNet,with 3D Euclidean group(E3)symmetries,the conditional probability distributions of molecular 3D structures were acquired and a set of novel SARS-CoV-2 dual-target candidate inhibitors were generated.The 1D probability,2D joint probability,and 2D cumulative probability distribution results indicate that the generated sets are significantly enhanced compared to the training set in the high binding affinity area.Among the 201 generated molecules,42 molecules exhibited a sum binding affinity exceeding 17.0 kcal/mol while 9 of them having a sum binding affinity exceeding 19.0 kcal/mol,demonstrating structure diversity along with strong dual-target affinities,good absorption,distribution,metabolism,excretion,and toxicity(ADMET)properties,and ease of synthesis.Dual-target drugs are rare and difficult to find,and our“high-throughput docking-multi-conditional generation”workflow offers a wide range of options for designing or optimizing potent dual-target SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.展开更多
Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from wastewater exhibits fascinating prospects in environment and energy fields.Here,we propose a novel 3D cross-linked g-C_(3)N_(4) network(SCN)assembling with 1D nanowires.This network...Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from wastewater exhibits fascinating prospects in environment and energy fields.Here,we propose a novel 3D cross-linked g-C_(3)N_(4) network(SCN)assembling with 1D nanowires.This network structure endows SCN with abundant carbon defects,creating a defect energy level and shallow charge trapping centres,which significantly prolongs the photocarrier lifetime,suppresses their recombination and facilitates the mass transfer process during the dye photodegradation.Consequently,in photocatalytic H_(2) evolution coupled with Rhodamine B(RhB)photodegradation under visible light,the H_(2) production rate of SCN is 283μmol h^(-1)g^(-1),accompanying by 97%RhB photodegradation efficiency,much higher than UCN's 31μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)and 64%.In particular,AQY of SCN for H_(2) evolution from RhB solution reaches 23.7%at 380 nm.Furthermore,the calculated transition states demonstrate that the N1 site connected to the defect in SCN has a minimum Gibbs free energy ΔG(H^(*)),indicating that H~+undergoes an H^(+)→H^(*)→H_(2) evolution process.展开更多
In this work,we have developed a lignin-derived polymer electrolyte(LSELi),which demonstrates exceptional ionic conductivity of 1.6×10^(-3)S cm^(−1)and a high cation transference number of 0.57 at 25°C.Time ...In this work,we have developed a lignin-derived polymer electrolyte(LSELi),which demonstrates exceptional ionic conductivity of 1.6×10^(-3)S cm^(−1)and a high cation transference number of 0.57 at 25°C.Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS)analysis shows that the large-size 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cations(EMIM^(+))can induce the aggregation of the anionic segments in lignosulfonate to reconstruct the three-dimensional(3D)spatial structure of polyelectrolyte,thereby forming a fluent Li^(+)transport 3D network.Dielectric loss spectroscopy further reveals that within this transport network,Li^(+)transport is decoupled from the relaxation of lignosulfonate chain segments,exhibiting characteristics of rapid Li^(+)transport.Furthermore,in-situ distribution of relaxation times analysis indicates that a stable solid electrolyte interface layer is formed at the Li plating interface with LSELi,optimizing the Li plating interface and exhibiting low charge transfer impedance and stable Li plating and stripping.Thus,a substantially prolonged cycling stability and reversibility are obtained in the Li||LSELi||Li battery at 25°C(1800 h at 0.1 mA cm^(−2),0.1 mAh cm^(−2)).At 25°C,the Li||LSELi||LiFePO_(4)cell shows 132 mAh g^(−1)of capacity with 92.7%of retention over 120 cycles at 0.1 mA cm^(−2).展开更多
The advent of the 5G era has stimulated the rapid development of high power electronics with dense integration.Three-dimensional(3D)thermally conductive networks,possessing high thermal and electrical conductivities a...The advent of the 5G era has stimulated the rapid development of high power electronics with dense integration.Three-dimensional(3D)thermally conductive networks,possessing high thermal and electrical conductivities and many different structures,are regarded as key materials to improve the performance of electronic devices.We provide a critical overview of carbonbased 3D thermally conductive networks,emphasizing their preparation-structure-property relationships and their applications in different scenarios.A detailed discussion of the microscopic principles of thermal conductivity is provided,which is crucial for increasing it.This is followed by an in-depth account of the construction of 3D networks using different carbon materials,such as graphene,carbon foam,and carbon nanotubes.Techniques for the assembly of two-dimensional graphene into 3D networks and their effects on thermal conductivity are emphasized.Finally,the existing challenges and future prospects for 3D carbon-based thermally conductive networks are discussed.展开更多
With the increasing power density and integration of electronic devices,polymeric composites with high thermal conductivity(TC)are in urgent demand for solving heat accumulation issues.However,the direct introduction ...With the increasing power density and integration of electronic devices,polymeric composites with high thermal conductivity(TC)are in urgent demand for solving heat accumulation issues.However,the direct introduction of inorganic fillers into a polymer matrix at low filler content usually leads to low TC enhancement.In this work,an interconnected three-dimensional(3D)polysulfone/hexagonal boron nitride-carbon nanofiber(PSF/BN-CNF)skeleton was prepared via the salt templated method to address this issue.After embedding into the epoxy(EP),the EP/PSF/BN-CNF composite presents a high TC of 2.18 W m^(−1) K^(−1) at a low filler loading of 28.61 wt%,corresponding to a TC enhancement of 990%compared to the neat epoxy.The enhanced TC is mainly attributed to the fabricated 3D interconnected structure and the efficient synergistic effect of BN and CNF.In addition,the TC of the epoxy composites can be further increased to 2.85 W m^(−1) K^(−1) at the same filler loading through a post-heat treatment of the PSF/BN-CNF skeletons.After carbonization at 1500°C,the adhesive PSF was converted into carbonaceous layers,which could serve as a thermally conductive glue to connect the filler network,further decreasing the interfacial thermal resistance and promoting phonon transport.Besides,the good heat dissipation performance of the EP/C/BN-CNF composites was directly confirmed by thermal infrared imaging,indicating a bright and broad application in the thermal management of modern electronics and energy fields.展开更多
The syntheses and structures of eleven novel polymeric transition metal complexes having one dimensional chain structures or three dimensional networks are summarized. They are prepared from the controlled assemblin...The syntheses and structures of eleven novel polymeric transition metal complexes having one dimensional chain structures or three dimensional networks are summarized. They are prepared from the controlled assembling reactions in organic solvents and characterized by X ray diffraction analyses. The spectroscopic or magnetic properties of some complexes are studied.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)graphene monoliths are a new carbon material,that has tremendous potential in the fields of energy conversion and storage.They can solve the limitations of two-dimensional(2D)graphene sheets,inclu...Three-dimensional(3D)graphene monoliths are a new carbon material,that has tremendous potential in the fields of energy conversion and storage.They can solve the limitations of two-dimensional(2D)graphene sheets,including interlayer restacking,high contact resistance,and insufficient pore accessibility.By constructing interconnected porous networks,3D graphenes not only retain the intrinsic advantages of 2D graphene sheets,such as high specific surface area,excellent electrical and thermal conductivities,good mechanical properties,and outstanding chemical stability,but also enable efficient mass transport of external fluid species.We summarize the fabrication methods for 3D graphenes,with a particular focus on their applications in energy-related systems.Techniques including chemical reduction assembly,chemical vapor deposition,3D printing,chemical blowing,and zinc-tiered pyrolysis have been developed to change their pore structure and elemental composition,and ways in which they can be integrated with functional components.In terms of energy conversion and storage,they have found broad use in buffering mechanical impacts,suppressing noise,photothermal conversion,electromagnetic shielding and absorption.They have also been used in electrochemical energy systems such as supercapacitors,secondary batteries,and electrocatalysis.By reviewing recent progress in structural design and new applications,we also discuss the problems these materials face,including scalable fabrication and precise pore structure control,and possible new applications.展开更多
Room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) is important in both organic electronics and encryption. Despite rapid advances, a universal approach to robust and tunable RTP materials based on amorphous polymers remains a for...Room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) is important in both organic electronics and encryption. Despite rapid advances, a universal approach to robust and tunable RTP materials based on amorphous polymers remains a formidable challenge. Here, we present a strategy that uses three-dimensional(3 D)confinement of carbon dots in a polymer network to achieve ultra-long lifetime phosphorescence. The RTP of the as-obtained materials was not quenched in different polar organic solvents and the lifetime of the RTP was easily tuned by adjusting the amount of crosslinking or varying the drying temperature of the 3 D molecular network. As a demonstration of potential application, as-obtained RTP materials were successfully used to prepare RTP fibres for flexible textiles. As well as bringing to light a fundamental principle for the construction of polymer materials with RTP, we have endowed traditional carbon dots and polymers with fresh features that will expand potential applications.展开更多
The inferior conductivity and drastic volume expansion of silicon still remain the bottleneck in achieving high energy density Lithium-ion Batteries(LIBs).The design of the three-dimensional structure of electrodes by...The inferior conductivity and drastic volume expansion of silicon still remain the bottleneck in achieving high energy density Lithium-ion Batteries(LIBs).The design of the three-dimensional structure of electrodes by compositing silicon and carbon materials has been employed to tackle the above challenges,however,the exorbitant costs and the uncertainty of the conductive structure persist,leaving ample room for improvement.Herein,silicon nanoparticles were innovatively composited with eco-friendly biochar sourced from cotton to fabricate a 3D globally consecutive conductive network.The network serves a dual purpose:enhancing overall electrode conductivity and serving as a scaffold to maintain electrode integrity.The conductivity of the network was further augmented by introducing P-doping at the optimum doping temperature of 350℃.Unlike the local conductive sites formed by the mere mixing of silicon and conductive agents,the consecutive network can affirm the improvement of the conductivity at a macro level.Moreover,first-principle calculations further validated that the rapid diffusion of Li^(+)is attributed to the tailored electronic microstructure and charge rearrangement of the fiber.The prepared consecutive conductive Si@P-doped carbonized cotton fiber anode outperforms the inconsecutive Si@Graphite anode in both cycling performance(capacity retention of 1777.15 mAh g^(-1) vs.682.56 mAh g^(-1) after 150 cycles at 0.3 C)and rate performance(1244.24 mAh g^(-1) vs.370.28 mAh g^(-1) at 2.0 C).The findings of this study may open up new avenues for the development of globally interconnected conductive networks in Si-based anodes,thereby enabling the fabrication of high-performance LIBs.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0207300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22179142 and 22075314)+1 种基金Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(Grant No.2024ZB051 and 2023ZB836)the technical support for Nano-X from Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SINANO).
文摘Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)have attracted much attention for their safety,ease of packaging,costeffectiveness,excellent flexibility and stability.Poly-dioxolane(PDOL)is one of the most promising matrix materials of SPEs due to its remarkable compatibility with lithium metal anodes(LMAs)and suitability for in-situ polymerization.However,poor thermal stability,insufficient ionic conductivity and narrow electrochemical stability window(ESW)hinder its further application in lithium metal batteries(LMBs).To ameliorate these problems,we have successfully synthesized a polymerized-ionic-liquid(PIL)monomer named DIMTFSI by modifying DOL with imidazolium cation coupled with TFSI^(-)anion,which simultaneously inherits the lipophilicity of DOL,high ionic conductivity of imidazole,and excellent stability of PILs.Then the tridentate crosslinker trimethylolpropane tris[3-(2-methyl-1-aziridine)propionate](TTMAP)was introduced to regulate the excessive Li^(+)-O coordination and prepare a flame-retardant SPE(DT-SPE)with prominent thermal stability,wide ESW,high ionic conductivity and abundant Lit transference numbers(t_(Li+)).As a result,the LiFePO_(4)|DT-SPE|Li cell exhibits a high initial discharge specific capacity of 149.60 mAh g^(-1)at 0.2C and 30℃with a capacity retention rate of 98.68%after 500 cycles.This work provides new insights into the structural design of PIL-based electrolytes for long-cycling LMBs with high safety and stability.
基金This study was supported by TUBITAK–The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey(Project No.112Y050)research grant.We are indebted for its financial support.
文摘3D navigation within a 3D-GIS environment is increasingly getting more popular and spreading to various fields.In thelast decade,especially after the 9/11 disaster,evacuating the complex and tall buildings of today in case of emergencyhas been an important research area for scientists.Most of the current navigation systems are still in the 2D environmentand that is insufficient to visualize 3D objects and to obtain satisfactory solutions for the 3D environment.Therefore,there is currently still a lack of implementation of 3D network analysis and navigation for indoor spaces in respect toevacuation.The objective of this paper is to investigate and implement 3D visualization and navigation techniques andsolutions for indoor spaces within 3D-GIS.For realizing this,we have proposed a GIS implementation that is capable ofcarrying out 3D visualization of a building model stored in the CityGML format and perform analysis on a networkmodel stored in Oracle Spatial.The proposed GUI also provides routing simulation on the calculated shortest paths withvoice commands and visual instructions.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A2092,52303079,and U22A20248)the Special Support Plan for High Level Talents in Zhejiang Province(2022R51008).
文摘Multiphase polymer composites offer a versatile platform for constructing efficient 3D conductive networks by regulating filler distribution.However,controlling the spatial distribution and network formation of 2D fillers like boron nitride(BN)flakes in immiscible polymer blends remains a major challenge for achieving efficient thermal conductivity.This work introduces a strategy to regulate the cross-linking degree of low-density polyethylene(LDPE)in poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA)/LDPE blends,enabling effective control over BN localization.BN flakes preferentially localize in the LDPE phase,forming double-percolated networks across broad blend compositions.Controlled LDPE cross-linking suppresses domain coalescence and promotes a secondary segregated BN network via capillary bridginginduced agglomeration.This manipulation of domain viscoelasticity enhances 3D filler network formation,increasing the maximum through-plane thermal conductivity of the polymer composites from 2.02 to 2.58 W m^(−1) K^(−1).Our findings offer a facile route for tailoring 3D filler networks in multiphase polymer composites for improved thermal conduction.
基金supported by Interdisciplinary Innova-tion Project of“Bioarchaeology Laboratory”of Jilin University,China,and“MedicineþX”Interdisciplinary Innovation Team of Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University,China(Grant No.:2022JBGS05).
文摘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)mutations are influenced by random and uncontrollable factors,and the risk of the next widespread epidemic remains.Dual-target drugs that synergistically act on two targets exhibit strong therapeutic effects and advantages against mutations.In this study,a novel computational workflow was developed to design dual-target SARS-CoV-2 candidate inhibitors with the Envelope protein and Main protease selected as the two target proteins.The drug-like molecules of our self-constructed 3D scaffold database were used as high-throughput molecular docking probes for feature extraction of two target protein pockets.A multi-layer perceptron(MLP)was employed to embed the binding affinities into a latent space as conditional vectors to control conditional distribution.Utilizing a conditional generative neural network,cG-SchNet,with 3D Euclidean group(E3)symmetries,the conditional probability distributions of molecular 3D structures were acquired and a set of novel SARS-CoV-2 dual-target candidate inhibitors were generated.The 1D probability,2D joint probability,and 2D cumulative probability distribution results indicate that the generated sets are significantly enhanced compared to the training set in the high binding affinity area.Among the 201 generated molecules,42 molecules exhibited a sum binding affinity exceeding 17.0 kcal/mol while 9 of them having a sum binding affinity exceeding 19.0 kcal/mol,demonstrating structure diversity along with strong dual-target affinities,good absorption,distribution,metabolism,excretion,and toxicity(ADMET)properties,and ease of synthesis.Dual-target drugs are rare and difficult to find,and our“high-throughput docking-multi-conditional generation”workflow offers a wide range of options for designing or optimizing potent dual-target SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22202033)National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.202310347048)Zhejiang Provincial Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(No.S202310347032)。
文摘Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from wastewater exhibits fascinating prospects in environment and energy fields.Here,we propose a novel 3D cross-linked g-C_(3)N_(4) network(SCN)assembling with 1D nanowires.This network structure endows SCN with abundant carbon defects,creating a defect energy level and shallow charge trapping centres,which significantly prolongs the photocarrier lifetime,suppresses their recombination and facilitates the mass transfer process during the dye photodegradation.Consequently,in photocatalytic H_(2) evolution coupled with Rhodamine B(RhB)photodegradation under visible light,the H_(2) production rate of SCN is 283μmol h^(-1)g^(-1),accompanying by 97%RhB photodegradation efficiency,much higher than UCN's 31μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)and 64%.In particular,AQY of SCN for H_(2) evolution from RhB solution reaches 23.7%at 380 nm.Furthermore,the calculated transition states demonstrate that the N1 site connected to the defect in SCN has a minimum Gibbs free energy ΔG(H^(*)),indicating that H~+undergoes an H^(+)→H^(*)→H_(2) evolution process.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,22393901,22021001,22272143,22441030)the National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFA1502300)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20720220009)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(Grant No.2024J01213135)。
文摘In this work,we have developed a lignin-derived polymer electrolyte(LSELi),which demonstrates exceptional ionic conductivity of 1.6×10^(-3)S cm^(−1)and a high cation transference number of 0.57 at 25°C.Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS)analysis shows that the large-size 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cations(EMIM^(+))can induce the aggregation of the anionic segments in lignosulfonate to reconstruct the three-dimensional(3D)spatial structure of polyelectrolyte,thereby forming a fluent Li^(+)transport 3D network.Dielectric loss spectroscopy further reveals that within this transport network,Li^(+)transport is decoupled from the relaxation of lignosulfonate chain segments,exhibiting characteristics of rapid Li^(+)transport.Furthermore,in-situ distribution of relaxation times analysis indicates that a stable solid electrolyte interface layer is formed at the Li plating interface with LSELi,optimizing the Li plating interface and exhibiting low charge transfer impedance and stable Li plating and stripping.Thus,a substantially prolonged cycling stability and reversibility are obtained in the Li||LSELi||Li battery at 25°C(1800 h at 0.1 mA cm^(−2),0.1 mAh cm^(−2)).At 25°C,the Li||LSELi||LiFePO_(4)cell shows 132 mAh g^(−1)of capacity with 92.7%of retention over 120 cycles at 0.1 mA cm^(−2).
文摘The advent of the 5G era has stimulated the rapid development of high power electronics with dense integration.Three-dimensional(3D)thermally conductive networks,possessing high thermal and electrical conductivities and many different structures,are regarded as key materials to improve the performance of electronic devices.We provide a critical overview of carbonbased 3D thermally conductive networks,emphasizing their preparation-structure-property relationships and their applications in different scenarios.A detailed discussion of the microscopic principles of thermal conductivity is provided,which is crucial for increasing it.This is followed by an in-depth account of the construction of 3D networks using different carbon materials,such as graphene,carbon foam,and carbon nanotubes.Techniques for the assembly of two-dimensional graphene into 3D networks and their effects on thermal conductivity are emphasized.Finally,the existing challenges and future prospects for 3D carbon-based thermally conductive networks are discussed.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.51925403)the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91934302)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21676052,21606042)the Funding for Exploratory Projects of the National Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering(SKL-ChE-20T07).
文摘With the increasing power density and integration of electronic devices,polymeric composites with high thermal conductivity(TC)are in urgent demand for solving heat accumulation issues.However,the direct introduction of inorganic fillers into a polymer matrix at low filler content usually leads to low TC enhancement.In this work,an interconnected three-dimensional(3D)polysulfone/hexagonal boron nitride-carbon nanofiber(PSF/BN-CNF)skeleton was prepared via the salt templated method to address this issue.After embedding into the epoxy(EP),the EP/PSF/BN-CNF composite presents a high TC of 2.18 W m^(−1) K^(−1) at a low filler loading of 28.61 wt%,corresponding to a TC enhancement of 990%compared to the neat epoxy.The enhanced TC is mainly attributed to the fabricated 3D interconnected structure and the efficient synergistic effect of BN and CNF.In addition,the TC of the epoxy composites can be further increased to 2.85 W m^(−1) K^(−1) at the same filler loading through a post-heat treatment of the PSF/BN-CNF skeletons.After carbonization at 1500°C,the adhesive PSF was converted into carbonaceous layers,which could serve as a thermally conductive glue to connect the filler network,further decreasing the interfacial thermal resistance and promoting phonon transport.Besides,the good heat dissipation performance of the EP/C/BN-CNF composites was directly confirmed by thermal infrared imaging,indicating a bright and broad application in the thermal management of modern electronics and energy fields.
文摘The syntheses and structures of eleven novel polymeric transition metal complexes having one dimensional chain structures or three dimensional networks are summarized. They are prepared from the controlled assembling reactions in organic solvents and characterized by X ray diffraction analyses. The spectroscopic or magnetic properties of some complexes are studied.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52272039,U23B2075,51972168)Key Research and Development Program in Jiangsu Province(BE2023085)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20231406)。
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)graphene monoliths are a new carbon material,that has tremendous potential in the fields of energy conversion and storage.They can solve the limitations of two-dimensional(2D)graphene sheets,including interlayer restacking,high contact resistance,and insufficient pore accessibility.By constructing interconnected porous networks,3D graphenes not only retain the intrinsic advantages of 2D graphene sheets,such as high specific surface area,excellent electrical and thermal conductivities,good mechanical properties,and outstanding chemical stability,but also enable efficient mass transport of external fluid species.We summarize the fabrication methods for 3D graphenes,with a particular focus on their applications in energy-related systems.Techniques including chemical reduction assembly,chemical vapor deposition,3D printing,chemical blowing,and zinc-tiered pyrolysis have been developed to change their pore structure and elemental composition,and ways in which they can be integrated with functional components.In terms of energy conversion and storage,they have found broad use in buffering mechanical impacts,suppressing noise,photothermal conversion,electromagnetic shielding and absorption.They have also been used in electrochemical energy systems such as supercapacitors,secondary batteries,and electrocatalysis.By reviewing recent progress in structural design and new applications,we also discuss the problems these materials face,including scalable fabrication and precise pore structure control,and possible new applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31890774)Excellent Young Scholar Sponsorship Program by National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China Funding (No.2019132611)+1 种基金Heilong Jiang Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.LBH-Z18005)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (No.2018QNRC001)。
文摘Room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) is important in both organic electronics and encryption. Despite rapid advances, a universal approach to robust and tunable RTP materials based on amorphous polymers remains a formidable challenge. Here, we present a strategy that uses three-dimensional(3 D)confinement of carbon dots in a polymer network to achieve ultra-long lifetime phosphorescence. The RTP of the as-obtained materials was not quenched in different polar organic solvents and the lifetime of the RTP was easily tuned by adjusting the amount of crosslinking or varying the drying temperature of the 3 D molecular network. As a demonstration of potential application, as-obtained RTP materials were successfully used to prepare RTP fibres for flexible textiles. As well as bringing to light a fundamental principle for the construction of polymer materials with RTP, we have endowed traditional carbon dots and polymers with fresh features that will expand potential applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12205252)the Basic Public Welfare Re-search Special Project of Zhejiang Province(No.LZY22B040001)+4 种基金the Quzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(No.2022K39)Science and Technology Project of Quzhou Research Institute,Zhejiang University(Nos.IZQ2021KJ2032,IZQ2022KJ3014,and IZQ2022KJ3002)Independent scientific Research Project of Quzhou Research Institute,Zhejiang University(No.IZQ2021RCZX007)New“115 talents”Project ofQuzhou,National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.52172244)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University(No.226202200053).
文摘The inferior conductivity and drastic volume expansion of silicon still remain the bottleneck in achieving high energy density Lithium-ion Batteries(LIBs).The design of the three-dimensional structure of electrodes by compositing silicon and carbon materials has been employed to tackle the above challenges,however,the exorbitant costs and the uncertainty of the conductive structure persist,leaving ample room for improvement.Herein,silicon nanoparticles were innovatively composited with eco-friendly biochar sourced from cotton to fabricate a 3D globally consecutive conductive network.The network serves a dual purpose:enhancing overall electrode conductivity and serving as a scaffold to maintain electrode integrity.The conductivity of the network was further augmented by introducing P-doping at the optimum doping temperature of 350℃.Unlike the local conductive sites formed by the mere mixing of silicon and conductive agents,the consecutive network can affirm the improvement of the conductivity at a macro level.Moreover,first-principle calculations further validated that the rapid diffusion of Li^(+)is attributed to the tailored electronic microstructure and charge rearrangement of the fiber.The prepared consecutive conductive Si@P-doped carbonized cotton fiber anode outperforms the inconsecutive Si@Graphite anode in both cycling performance(capacity retention of 1777.15 mAh g^(-1) vs.682.56 mAh g^(-1) after 150 cycles at 0.3 C)and rate performance(1244.24 mAh g^(-1) vs.370.28 mAh g^(-1) at 2.0 C).The findings of this study may open up new avenues for the development of globally interconnected conductive networks in Si-based anodes,thereby enabling the fabrication of high-performance LIBs.
