Observing plants across time and diverse scenes is critical in uncovering plant growth patterns.Classic methods often struggle to observe or measure plants against complex backgrounds and at different growth stages.Th...Observing plants across time and diverse scenes is critical in uncovering plant growth patterns.Classic methods often struggle to observe or measure plants against complex backgrounds and at different growth stages.This highlights the need for a universal approach capable of providing realistic plant visualizations across time and scene.Here,we introduce PlantGaussian,an approach for generating realistic three-dimensional(3D)visualization for plants across time and scenes.It marks one of the first applications of 3D Gaussian splatting techniques in plant science,achieving high-quality visualization across species and growth stages.By integrating the Segment Anything Model(SAM)and tracking algorithms,PlantGaussian overcomes the limitations of classic Gaussian reconstruction techniques in complex planting environments.A new mesh partitioning technique is employed to convert Gaussian rendering results into measurable plant meshes,offering a methodology for accurate 3D plant morphology phenotyping.To support this approach,PlantGaussian dataset is developed,which includes images of four crop species captured under multiple conditions and growth stages.Using only plant image sequences as input,it computes high-fidelity plant visualization models and 3D meshes for 3D plant morphological phenotyping.Visualization results indicate that most plant models achieve a Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)exceeding 25,outperforming all models including the original 3D Gaussian Splatting and enhanced NeRF.The mesh results indicate an average relative error of 4%between the calculated values and the true measurements.As a generic 3D digital plant model,PlantGaussian will support expansion of plant phenotype databases,ecological research,and remote expert consultations.展开更多
In order to visualize the 3-D field of explosion and describe the complex physical phenomena of explosion, the 3-D data resulting from numerical simulation by 3-D multi-material in cell (MMIC), and the application of ...In order to visualize the 3-D field of explosion and describe the complex physical phenomena of explosion, the 3-D data resulting from numerical simulation by 3-D multi-material in cell (MMIC), and the application of volume visualization is explored, based on the characteristics of explosion and shock. Based on this, a visualization system for 3-D explosion--ViSC3D is designed. Approaches for the visualization of 3-D field of explosion are presented. The algorithm and the functions of ViSC3D are also presented. ViSC3D is thus a useful tool to observe and analyze either the full picture or the details of a 3-D field of explosion, that are difficult to observe and analyze directly. With ViSC3D, the field of explosion between the hill slopes is visualized. The cutaway views and 2-D slices are also given. The full picture and partial details of 3-D field of explosion can be observed clearly. Furthermore, ViSC3D can be used to visualize other similar 3-D data fields.展开更多
According to the characteristics of bore data,a model of 3D geologic body with generalized tri-prism as the primitive modeling element is constructed while the modeling process and key algorithms of modeling are prese...According to the characteristics of bore data,a model of 3D geologic body with generalized tri-prism as the primitive modeling element is constructed while the modeling process and key algorithms of modeling are presented here in detail.Using this method,the original bore data go through Delaunay triangulation to generate irregular triangular network on the surface,and then links stratum segments on the adjoining bores in session to form tri-prisms which would be pinched out.Finally stratified 3D geologic body model is built by an iterated search which searches for consecutive layer of the same property.The result shows that this method can effectively simulate stratified stratum modeling.展开更多
Data acquisition and modeling are the two important, difficult and costful aspects in a Cybercity project. 2D-GIS is mature and can manage a lot of spatial data. Thus 3D-GIS should make the best of data and technology...Data acquisition and modeling are the two important, difficult and costful aspects in a Cybercity project. 2D-GIS is mature and can manage a lot of spatial data. Thus 3D-GIS should make the best of data and technology of 2D-GIS. Construction of a useful synthetic environment requires integration of multiple types of information like DEM, texture images and 3D representation of objects such as buildings. In this paper, the method for 3D city landscape data model and visualization based on integrated databases is presented. Since the data volume of raster are very huge, special strategies(for example, pyramid gridded method) must be adopted in order to manage raster data efficiently. Three different methods of data acquisition, the proper data structure and a simple modeling method are presented as well. At last, a pilot project of Shanghai Cybercity is illustrated.展开更多
We present a method of 3D image mosaicing for real 3D representation of roadside buildings, and implement a Web-based interactive visualization environment for the 3D video mosaics created by 3D image mosaicing. The 3...We present a method of 3D image mosaicing for real 3D representation of roadside buildings, and implement a Web-based interactive visualization environment for the 3D video mosaics created by 3D image mosaicing. The 3D image mo- saicing technique developed in our previous work is a very powerful method for creating textured 3D-GIS data without excessive data processing like the laser or stereo system. For the Web-based open access to the 3D video mosaics, we build an interactive visualization environment using X3D, the emerging standard of Web 3D. We conduct the data preprocessing for 3D video mosaics and the X3D modeling for textured 3D data. The data preprocessing includes the conversion of each frame of 3D video mosaics into concatenated image files that can be hyperlinked on the Web. The X3D modeling handles the representation of concatenated images using necessary X3D nodes. By employing X3D as the data format for 3D image mosaics, the real 3D representation of roadside buildings is extended to the Web and mobile service systems.展开更多
Background With the rapid development of Web3D technologies, the online Web3D visualization, particularly for complex models or scenes, has been in a great demand. Owing to the major conflict between the Web3D system ...Background With the rapid development of Web3D technologies, the online Web3D visualization, particularly for complex models or scenes, has been in a great demand. Owing to the major conflict between the Web3D system load and resource consumption in the processing of these huge models, the huge 3D model lightweighting methods for online Web3D visualization are reviewed in this paper. Methods By observing the geometry redundancy introduced by man-made operations in the modeling procedure, several categories of light-weighting related work that aim at reducing the amount of data and resource consumption are elaborated for Web3D visualization. Results By comparing perspectives, the characteristics of each method are summarized, and among the reviewed methods, the geometric redundancy removal that achieves the lightweight goal by detecting and removing the repeated components is an appropriate method for current online Web3D visualization. Meanwhile, the learning algorithm, still in improvement period at present, is our expected future research topic. Conclusions Various aspects should be considered in an efficient lightweight method for online Web3D visualization, such as characteristics of original data, combination or extension of existing methods, scheduling strategy, cache man-agement, and rendering mechanism. Meanwhile, innovation methods, particularly the learning algorithm, are worth exploring.展开更多
3D terrain visualization of geographic information systems(GIS)data has become an important issue in recent years.This is due to the emergence of new geo-browsers such as Google Earth,widely popular among users.The av...3D terrain visualization of geographic information systems(GIS)data has become an important issue in recent years.This is due to the emergence of new geo-browsers such as Google Earth,widely popular among users.The availability of 3D representation tools has increased the demand for 3D terrain visualization.The aim of this paper is to review the literature related to the 3D terrain visualization of GIS data from the first map produced until the online mapping era.The reviews are divided into four different sections:manual visualization of 3D terrain,automated visualization of 3D terrain,online visualization of 3D terrain,and software for visualizing 3D terrain.Then,the paper compares between the different types of systems developed by various authors based on the capabilities and the limitations of the system.Some of the techniques have their own strengths and limitations which solve the problem in 3D terrain visualization.However,the research on improving 3D terrain visualization is still ongoing.This is due to the popularity of online environments and mobile devices that render 3D terrain.This review paper will help interested users understand the current state of 3D terrain visualization of GIS data in a better way.展开更多
An approach for generating interactive 3D graphical visualization of the genetic architectures of complex traits in multiple environments is described. 3D graphical visualization is utilized for making improvements on...An approach for generating interactive 3D graphical visualization of the genetic architectures of complex traits in multiple environments is described. 3D graphical visualization is utilized for making improvements on traditional plots in quan- titative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis. Interactive 3D graphical visualization for abstract expression of QTL, epistasis and their environmental interactions for experimental populations was developed in framework of user-friendly software QTLNetwork (http://ibi.zju.edu.cn/software/qtlnetwork). Novel definition of graphical meta system and computation of virtual coordinates are used to achieve explicit but meaningful visualization. Interactive 3D graphical visualization for QTL analysis provides geneticists and breeders a powerful and easy-to-use tool to analyze and publish their research results.展开更多
The material flow in friction stir welded 2014 Al alloy has been investigated using a marker insert technique （MIT）. Results of the flow visualization show that the material flow is asymmetrical during the friction ...The material flow in friction stir welded 2014 Al alloy has been investigated using a marker insert technique （MIT）. Results of the flow visualization show that the material flow is asymmetrical during the friction stir welding （FSW） process and there are also significant differences in the flow patterns observed on advancing side and retreating side. On advancing side, some material transport forward and some move backward, but on retreating side, material only transport backward. At the top surface of the weld, significant material transport forward due to the action of the rotating tool shoulder. Combining the data from all the markers, a three-dituensional flow visualization, similar to the 3D image reconstruction technique, was obtained. The three-dimensional plot gives the tendency chart of material flow in friction stir welding process and from the plot it can be seen that there is a vertical, circular motion around the longitudinal axis of the weld. On the advancing side of the weld, the material is pushed downward but on the retreating side, the material is pushed toward the crown of the weld. The net result of the two relative motions in both side of the advancing and the retreating is that a circular motion comes into being. Comparatively, the material flow around the longitudinal axis is a secondary motion.展开更多
The mining loss rate and dilution rate are the key indicators for the mining technology and management level of mining enterprises. Aiming at the practical problems such as the large workload but inaccurate data of th...The mining loss rate and dilution rate are the key indicators for the mining technology and management level of mining enterprises. Aiming at the practical problems such as the large workload but inaccurate data of the traditional loss and dilution calculation method, this thesis introduces the operating principle and process of calculating the loss rate and dilution rate at the mining fields by adopting geological models. As an example, authors establishes 3D models of orebody units in the exhausted area and mining fields in Yangshu Gold Mine in Liaoning Province, and conduct Boolean calculation among the models to obtain the calculation parameters of loss and dilution, and thereby calculate out the dilution rate and loss rate of the mining fields more quickly and accurately.展开更多
3D stereoscopic visualization technology is coming into more and more common use in the field of entertainment,and this technology is also beginning to cut a striking figure in casting industry and scientific research...3D stereoscopic visualization technology is coming into more and more common use in the field of entertainment,and this technology is also beginning to cut a striking figure in casting industry and scientific research.The history,fundamental principle,and devices of 3D stereoscopic visualization technology are reviewed in this paper.The authors’research achievements on the 3D stereoscopic visualization technology in the modeling and simulation of the casting process are presented.This technology can be used for the observation of complex 3D solid models of castings and the simulated results of solidification processes such as temperature,fluid flow,displacement,stress strain and microstructure,as well as the predicted defects such as shrinkage/porosity,cracks,and deformation.It can also be used for other areas relating to 3D models,such as assembling of dies,cores,etc.Several cases are given to compare the illustration of simulated results by traditional images and red-blue 3D stereoscopic images.The spatial shape is observed better by the new method.The prospect of3D stereoscopic visualization in the casting aspect is discussed as well.The need for aided-viewing devices is still the most prominent problem of 3D stereoscopic visualization technology.However,3D stereoscopic visualization represents the tendency of visualization technology in the future;and as the problem is solved in the years ahead,great breakthroughs will certainly be made for its application in casting design and modeling and simulation of the casting processes.展开更多
为了系统地了解臭氧(O_(3))的暴露与健康风险的研究现状及演化趋势,基于中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WoS)核心合集数据库进行检索,利用R语言的Bibliometric功能对O_(3)暴露与健康相关中英文文献进行数据分析与挖掘,并结合绘图软件Or...为了系统地了解臭氧(O_(3))的暴露与健康风险的研究现状及演化趋势,基于中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WoS)核心合集数据库进行检索,利用R语言的Bibliometric功能对O_(3)暴露与健康相关中英文文献进行数据分析与挖掘,并结合绘图软件Origin和文献数据可视化CiteSpace软件对结果进行可视化分析,揭示该领域的研究发展路径.结果表明:O_(3)暴露与健康研究在2000~2025年间稳步增长,中英文文献各582和915篇,且经历了萌芽期(2000~2016年)和激增期(2017年至今)两个阶段.英文文献中各国家、机构和作者之间的合作比较紧密.英文研究趋势经历了技术积累与初步关注、暴露评估与健康影响的初步探索、长期暴露与健康研究的深入、健康负担评估与政策引导4个阶段.中文关键词主要集中在健康效应与影响、污染源与形成过程以及时空分布与变化3个方面,且经历了早期研究与暴露评价(2009~2015年)、污染源识别(2016~2020年)以及特定群体的风险与高科技手段的引入(2021~2025年)3个阶段的演变.展开更多
With the development of virtual reality application in the medical field, two-dimensional medical image of the three-dimensional visualization technology made possible. Surgery gets into minimally invasive operation m...With the development of virtual reality application in the medical field, two-dimensional medical image of the three-dimensional visualization technology made possible. Surgery gets into minimally invasive operation microscopy Era, and gradually becomes a new research hotspot. This paper studies the realization of two-dimensional medical im-age 3D reconstruction visualization system method, and the overall process and management module. Using the main technology of VTK (The Visualization Toolkit) to achieve a two-dimensional medical image three-dimensional visua-lization system, which can help the physician to obtain help clinical diagnosis Information and play an important role in treatment, accurate positioning in diseased tissue and tumor early diagnosis.展开更多
The introduction of path planning and visual navigation in vascular interventional surgery can provide an intuitive reference and guidance for doctors.In this study,based on the preprocessing results of vessel skeleto...The introduction of path planning and visual navigation in vascular interventional surgery can provide an intuitive reference and guidance for doctors.In this study,based on the preprocessing results of vessel skeleton extraction and stenosis diagnosis in X-ray coronary angiography images,clustering is used to determine the connectivity of the intersection points,and then the improved Dijkstra algorithm is used to automatically plan the surgical path.On this basis,the intermediate point is introduced to piecewise correct the path and improve the accuracy of the system.Finally,the epipolar constrained inverse projection transformation is used to reconstruct the coronary artery 3D model,and the optimal path is marked to achieve a multi-angle 3D visual navigation.Clinical experimental results show that compared with the traditional Dijkstra algorithm,the improved method can reduce the need for intermediate points,which improves computational efficiency,and the average error of manual calibration path is reduced to 4%of that before overall optimization.The results of 3D reconstruction and reprojection further qualitatively and quantitatively verify the effectiveness of the whole scheme.展开更多
Norfloxacin is widely used owing to its strong bactericidal effect on Gram-negative bacteria.However,the residual norfloxacin in the environment can be biomagnified via food chain andmay damage the human liver and del...Norfloxacin is widely used owing to its strong bactericidal effect on Gram-negative bacteria.However,the residual norfloxacin in the environment can be biomagnified via food chain andmay damage the human liver and delay the bone development ofminors.Present work described a reliable and sensitive smartphone colorimetric sensing system based on cobaltdoped Fe_(3)O_(4) magnetic nanoparticles(Co-Fe_(3)O_(4) MNPs)for the visual detection of norfloxacin.Compared with Fe_(3)O_(4),Co-Fe_(3)O_(4) MNPs earned more remarkably peroxidase-like activity and TMB(colorless)was rapidly oxidized to oxTMB(blue)with the presence of H_(2)O_(2).Interestingly,the addition of low concentration of norfloxacin can accelerate the color reaction process of TMB,and blue deepening of the solution can be observed with the naked eye.However,after adding high concentration of norfloxacin,the activity of nanozymewas inhibited,resulting in the gradual fading of the solution.Based on this principle,a colorimetric sensor integrated with smartphone RGB mode was established.The visual sensor exhibited good linearity for norfloxacin monitoring in the range of 0.13-2.51μmol/L and 17.5-100μmol/L.The limit of visual detectionwas 0.08μmol/L.In the actualwater sample analysis,the spiked recoveries of norfloxacin were over the range of 95.7%-104.7%.These results demonstrated that the visual sensor was a convenient and fast method for the efficient and accurate detection of norfloxacin in water,which may have broad application prospect.展开更多
Drilling and blasting,characterized by their efficiency,ubiquity,and cost-effectiveness,have emerged as predominant techniques in rock excavation;however,they are accompanied by enormous destructive power.Accurately c...Drilling and blasting,characterized by their efficiency,ubiquity,and cost-effectiveness,have emerged as predominant techniques in rock excavation;however,they are accompanied by enormous destructive power.Accurately controlling the blasting energy and achieving the directional fracture of a rock mass have become common problems in the field.A two-dimensional blasting(2D blasting)technique was proposed that utilizes the characteristic that the tensile strength of a rock mass is significantly lower than its compressive strength.After blasting,only a 2D crack surface is generated along the predetermined direction,eliminating the damage to the reserved rock mass caused by conventional blasting.However,the interior of a natural rock mass is a"black box",and the process of crack propagation is difficult to capture,resulting in an unclear 2D blasting mechanism.To this end,a single-hole polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)test piece was used to conduct a 2D blasting experiment with the help of a high-speed camera to capture the dynamic crack propagation process and the digital image correlation(DIC)method to analyze the evolution law of surface strain on the test piece.On this basis,a three-dimensional(3D)finite element model was established based on the progressive failure theory to simulate the stress,strain,damage,and displacement evolution process of the model under 2D blasting.The simulation results were consistent with the experimental results.The research results reveal the 2D blasting mechanism and provide theoretical support for the application of 2D blasting technology in the field of rock excavation.展开更多
In this paper, with the general retrospect to the research on surface reconstruction and the marching cubes algorithm, we gave detailed description of an algorithm on the construction of object surfaces. The possible ...In this paper, with the general retrospect to the research on surface reconstruction and the marching cubes algorithm, we gave detailed description of an algorithm on the construction of object surfaces. The possible ambiguity problem in the original marching cubes algorithm was eliminated by its index mechanism. Some results on the MRI images were presented. Based on extracting and clipping contours from a set of medial slice images and setting the patch vertices values according to the gray images, this algorithm may be applied to form the arbitrary section images with three dimensional effects. It can also enhance the visual effect and interpretation of medical data.展开更多
Computing systems have been playing an important role in various medical fields, notably in image diagnosis. Studies in the field of Computational Vision aim at developing techniques and systems capable of detecting v...Computing systems have been playing an important role in various medical fields, notably in image diagnosis. Studies in the field of Computational Vision aim at developing techniques and systems capable of detecting various illnesses automatically. What has been highlighted among the existing exams that allow diagnosis aid and the application of computing systems in parallel is Computed Tomography (CT). CT enables the visualization of internal organs, such as the lung and its structures. Computational Vision systems extract information from the CT images by segmenting the regions of interest, and then recognize and identify details in those images. This work focuses on the segmentation phase of CT lung images with singularity-based techniques. Among these methods are the region growing (RG) technique and its 3D RG variations and the thresholding technique with multi-thresholding. The 3D RG method is applied to lung segmentation and from the 3D RG segments of the lung hilum, the multi-thresholding can segment the blood vessels, lung emphysema and the bones. The results of lung segmentation in this work were evaluated by two pulmonologists. The results obtained showed that these methods can integrate aid systems for medical diagnosis in the pulmonology field.展开更多
基金supported by the Central Government’s Guidance Fund for Local Science and Technology Development(2024ZY-CGZY-19)。
文摘Observing plants across time and diverse scenes is critical in uncovering plant growth patterns.Classic methods often struggle to observe or measure plants against complex backgrounds and at different growth stages.This highlights the need for a universal approach capable of providing realistic plant visualizations across time and scene.Here,we introduce PlantGaussian,an approach for generating realistic three-dimensional(3D)visualization for plants across time and scenes.It marks one of the first applications of 3D Gaussian splatting techniques in plant science,achieving high-quality visualization across species and growth stages.By integrating the Segment Anything Model(SAM)and tracking algorithms,PlantGaussian overcomes the limitations of classic Gaussian reconstruction techniques in complex planting environments.A new mesh partitioning technique is employed to convert Gaussian rendering results into measurable plant meshes,offering a methodology for accurate 3D plant morphology phenotyping.To support this approach,PlantGaussian dataset is developed,which includes images of four crop species captured under multiple conditions and growth stages.Using only plant image sequences as input,it computes high-fidelity plant visualization models and 3D meshes for 3D plant morphological phenotyping.Visualization results indicate that most plant models achieve a Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)exceeding 25,outperforming all models including the original 3D Gaussian Splatting and enhanced NeRF.The mesh results indicate an average relative error of 4%between the calculated values and the true measurements.As a generic 3D digital plant model,PlantGaussian will support expansion of plant phenotype databases,ecological research,and remote expert consultations.
文摘In order to visualize the 3-D field of explosion and describe the complex physical phenomena of explosion, the 3-D data resulting from numerical simulation by 3-D multi-material in cell (MMIC), and the application of volume visualization is explored, based on the characteristics of explosion and shock. Based on this, a visualization system for 3-D explosion--ViSC3D is designed. Approaches for the visualization of 3-D field of explosion are presented. The algorithm and the functions of ViSC3D are also presented. ViSC3D is thus a useful tool to observe and analyze either the full picture or the details of a 3-D field of explosion, that are difficult to observe and analyze directly. With ViSC3D, the field of explosion between the hill slopes is visualized. The cutaway views and 2-D slices are also given. The full picture and partial details of 3-D field of explosion can be observed clearly. Furthermore, ViSC3D can be used to visualize other similar 3-D data fields.
文摘According to the characteristics of bore data,a model of 3D geologic body with generalized tri-prism as the primitive modeling element is constructed while the modeling process and key algorithms of modeling are presented here in detail.Using this method,the original bore data go through Delaunay triangulation to generate irregular triangular network on the surface,and then links stratum segments on the adjoining bores in session to form tri-prisms which would be pinched out.Finally stratified 3D geologic body model is built by an iterated search which searches for consecutive layer of the same property.The result shows that this method can effectively simulate stratified stratum modeling.
文摘Data acquisition and modeling are the two important, difficult and costful aspects in a Cybercity project. 2D-GIS is mature and can manage a lot of spatial data. Thus 3D-GIS should make the best of data and technology of 2D-GIS. Construction of a useful synthetic environment requires integration of multiple types of information like DEM, texture images and 3D representation of objects such as buildings. In this paper, the method for 3D city landscape data model and visualization based on integrated databases is presented. Since the data volume of raster are very huge, special strategies(for example, pyramid gridded method) must be adopted in order to manage raster data efficiently. Three different methods of data acquisition, the proper data structure and a simple modeling method are presented as well. At last, a pilot project of Shanghai Cybercity is illustrated.
文摘We present a method of 3D image mosaicing for real 3D representation of roadside buildings, and implement a Web-based interactive visualization environment for the 3D video mosaics created by 3D image mosaicing. The 3D image mo- saicing technique developed in our previous work is a very powerful method for creating textured 3D-GIS data without excessive data processing like the laser or stereo system. For the Web-based open access to the 3D video mosaics, we build an interactive visualization environment using X3D, the emerging standard of Web 3D. We conduct the data preprocessing for 3D video mosaics and the X3D modeling for textured 3D data. The data preprocessing includes the conversion of each frame of 3D video mosaics into concatenated image files that can be hyperlinked on the Web. The X3D modeling handles the representation of concatenated images using necessary X3D nodes. By employing X3D as the data format for 3D image mosaics, the real 3D representation of roadside buildings is extended to the Web and mobile service systems.
文摘Background With the rapid development of Web3D technologies, the online Web3D visualization, particularly for complex models or scenes, has been in a great demand. Owing to the major conflict between the Web3D system load and resource consumption in the processing of these huge models, the huge 3D model lightweighting methods for online Web3D visualization are reviewed in this paper. Methods By observing the geometry redundancy introduced by man-made operations in the modeling procedure, several categories of light-weighting related work that aim at reducing the amount of data and resource consumption are elaborated for Web3D visualization. Results By comparing perspectives, the characteristics of each method are summarized, and among the reviewed methods, the geometric redundancy removal that achieves the lightweight goal by detecting and removing the repeated components is an appropriate method for current online Web3D visualization. Meanwhile, the learning algorithm, still in improvement period at present, is our expected future research topic. Conclusions Various aspects should be considered in an efficient lightweight method for online Web3D visualization, such as characteristics of original data, combination or extension of existing methods, scheduling strategy, cache man-agement, and rendering mechanism. Meanwhile, innovation methods, particularly the learning algorithm, are worth exploring.
文摘3D terrain visualization of geographic information systems(GIS)data has become an important issue in recent years.This is due to the emergence of new geo-browsers such as Google Earth,widely popular among users.The availability of 3D representation tools has increased the demand for 3D terrain visualization.The aim of this paper is to review the literature related to the 3D terrain visualization of GIS data from the first map produced until the online mapping era.The reviews are divided into four different sections:manual visualization of 3D terrain,automated visualization of 3D terrain,online visualization of 3D terrain,and software for visualizing 3D terrain.Then,the paper compares between the different types of systems developed by various authors based on the capabilities and the limitations of the system.Some of the techniques have their own strengths and limitations which solve the problem in 3D terrain visualization.However,the research on improving 3D terrain visualization is still ongoing.This is due to the popularity of online environments and mobile devices that render 3D terrain.This review paper will help interested users understand the current state of 3D terrain visualization of GIS data in a better way.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60473106, 60273060 and 60333010)and the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education,China (Nos.20030335064 and 20060335114 )
文摘An approach for generating interactive 3D graphical visualization of the genetic architectures of complex traits in multiple environments is described. 3D graphical visualization is utilized for making improvements on traditional plots in quan- titative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis. Interactive 3D graphical visualization for abstract expression of QTL, epistasis and their environmental interactions for experimental populations was developed in framework of user-friendly software QTLNetwork (http://ibi.zju.edu.cn/software/qtlnetwork). Novel definition of graphical meta system and computation of virtual coordinates are used to achieve explicit but meaningful visualization. Interactive 3D graphical visualization for QTL analysis provides geneticists and breeders a powerful and easy-to-use tool to analyze and publish their research results.
文摘The material flow in friction stir welded 2014 Al alloy has been investigated using a marker insert technique （MIT）. Results of the flow visualization show that the material flow is asymmetrical during the friction stir welding （FSW） process and there are also significant differences in the flow patterns observed on advancing side and retreating side. On advancing side, some material transport forward and some move backward, but on retreating side, material only transport backward. At the top surface of the weld, significant material transport forward due to the action of the rotating tool shoulder. Combining the data from all the markers, a three-dituensional flow visualization, similar to the 3D image reconstruction technique, was obtained. The three-dimensional plot gives the tendency chart of material flow in friction stir welding process and from the plot it can be seen that there is a vertical, circular motion around the longitudinal axis of the weld. On the advancing side of the weld, the material is pushed downward but on the retreating side, the material is pushed toward the crown of the weld. The net result of the two relative motions in both side of the advancing and the retreating is that a circular motion comes into being. Comparatively, the material flow around the longitudinal axis is a secondary motion.
文摘The mining loss rate and dilution rate are the key indicators for the mining technology and management level of mining enterprises. Aiming at the practical problems such as the large workload but inaccurate data of the traditional loss and dilution calculation method, this thesis introduces the operating principle and process of calculating the loss rate and dilution rate at the mining fields by adopting geological models. As an example, authors establishes 3D models of orebody units in the exhausted area and mining fields in Yangshu Gold Mine in Liaoning Province, and conduct Boolean calculation among the models to obtain the calculation parameters of loss and dilution, and thereby calculate out the dilution rate and loss rate of the mining fields more quickly and accurately.
文摘3D stereoscopic visualization technology is coming into more and more common use in the field of entertainment,and this technology is also beginning to cut a striking figure in casting industry and scientific research.The history,fundamental principle,and devices of 3D stereoscopic visualization technology are reviewed in this paper.The authors’research achievements on the 3D stereoscopic visualization technology in the modeling and simulation of the casting process are presented.This technology can be used for the observation of complex 3D solid models of castings and the simulated results of solidification processes such as temperature,fluid flow,displacement,stress strain and microstructure,as well as the predicted defects such as shrinkage/porosity,cracks,and deformation.It can also be used for other areas relating to 3D models,such as assembling of dies,cores,etc.Several cases are given to compare the illustration of simulated results by traditional images and red-blue 3D stereoscopic images.The spatial shape is observed better by the new method.The prospect of3D stereoscopic visualization in the casting aspect is discussed as well.The need for aided-viewing devices is still the most prominent problem of 3D stereoscopic visualization technology.However,3D stereoscopic visualization represents the tendency of visualization technology in the future;and as the problem is solved in the years ahead,great breakthroughs will certainly be made for its application in casting design and modeling and simulation of the casting processes.
文摘为了系统地了解臭氧(O_(3))的暴露与健康风险的研究现状及演化趋势,基于中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WoS)核心合集数据库进行检索,利用R语言的Bibliometric功能对O_(3)暴露与健康相关中英文文献进行数据分析与挖掘,并结合绘图软件Origin和文献数据可视化CiteSpace软件对结果进行可视化分析,揭示该领域的研究发展路径.结果表明:O_(3)暴露与健康研究在2000~2025年间稳步增长,中英文文献各582和915篇,且经历了萌芽期(2000~2016年)和激增期(2017年至今)两个阶段.英文文献中各国家、机构和作者之间的合作比较紧密.英文研究趋势经历了技术积累与初步关注、暴露评估与健康影响的初步探索、长期暴露与健康研究的深入、健康负担评估与政策引导4个阶段.中文关键词主要集中在健康效应与影响、污染源与形成过程以及时空分布与变化3个方面,且经历了早期研究与暴露评价(2009~2015年)、污染源识别(2016~2020年)以及特定群体的风险与高科技手段的引入(2021~2025年)3个阶段的演变.
文摘With the development of virtual reality application in the medical field, two-dimensional medical image of the three-dimensional visualization technology made possible. Surgery gets into minimally invasive operation microscopy Era, and gradually becomes a new research hotspot. This paper studies the realization of two-dimensional medical im-age 3D reconstruction visualization system method, and the overall process and management module. Using the main technology of VTK (The Visualization Toolkit) to achieve a two-dimensional medical image three-dimensional visua-lization system, which can help the physician to obtain help clinical diagnosis Information and play an important role in treatment, accurate positioning in diseased tissue and tumor early diagnosis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61973210)the Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Nos.YG2019ZDA17 and ZH2018QNB23)+1 种基金the Shanghai Advanced Technology Joint Research Fund(No.USCAST2020-7)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Commission Key Technology Project(No.JSGG20200701095003006)。
文摘The introduction of path planning and visual navigation in vascular interventional surgery can provide an intuitive reference and guidance for doctors.In this study,based on the preprocessing results of vessel skeleton extraction and stenosis diagnosis in X-ray coronary angiography images,clustering is used to determine the connectivity of the intersection points,and then the improved Dijkstra algorithm is used to automatically plan the surgical path.On this basis,the intermediate point is introduced to piecewise correct the path and improve the accuracy of the system.Finally,the epipolar constrained inverse projection transformation is used to reconstruct the coronary artery 3D model,and the optimal path is marked to achieve a multi-angle 3D visual navigation.Clinical experimental results show that compared with the traditional Dijkstra algorithm,the improved method can reduce the need for intermediate points,which improves computational efficiency,and the average error of manual calibration path is reduced to 4%of that before overall optimization.The results of 3D reconstruction and reprojection further qualitatively and quantitatively verify the effectiveness of the whole scheme.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21976211).
文摘Norfloxacin is widely used owing to its strong bactericidal effect on Gram-negative bacteria.However,the residual norfloxacin in the environment can be biomagnified via food chain andmay damage the human liver and delay the bone development ofminors.Present work described a reliable and sensitive smartphone colorimetric sensing system based on cobaltdoped Fe_(3)O_(4) magnetic nanoparticles(Co-Fe_(3)O_(4) MNPs)for the visual detection of norfloxacin.Compared with Fe_(3)O_(4),Co-Fe_(3)O_(4) MNPs earned more remarkably peroxidase-like activity and TMB(colorless)was rapidly oxidized to oxTMB(blue)with the presence of H_(2)O_(2).Interestingly,the addition of low concentration of norfloxacin can accelerate the color reaction process of TMB,and blue deepening of the solution can be observed with the naked eye.However,after adding high concentration of norfloxacin,the activity of nanozymewas inhibited,resulting in the gradual fading of the solution.Based on this principle,a colorimetric sensor integrated with smartphone RGB mode was established.The visual sensor exhibited good linearity for norfloxacin monitoring in the range of 0.13-2.51μmol/L and 17.5-100μmol/L.The limit of visual detectionwas 0.08μmol/L.In the actualwater sample analysis,the spiked recoveries of norfloxacin were over the range of 95.7%-104.7%.These results demonstrated that the visual sensor was a convenient and fast method for the efficient and accurate detection of norfloxacin in water,which may have broad application prospect.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52404155 and 52304111)State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology,Beijing(Grant No.XD2024006).
文摘Drilling and blasting,characterized by their efficiency,ubiquity,and cost-effectiveness,have emerged as predominant techniques in rock excavation;however,they are accompanied by enormous destructive power.Accurately controlling the blasting energy and achieving the directional fracture of a rock mass have become common problems in the field.A two-dimensional blasting(2D blasting)technique was proposed that utilizes the characteristic that the tensile strength of a rock mass is significantly lower than its compressive strength.After blasting,only a 2D crack surface is generated along the predetermined direction,eliminating the damage to the reserved rock mass caused by conventional blasting.However,the interior of a natural rock mass is a"black box",and the process of crack propagation is difficult to capture,resulting in an unclear 2D blasting mechanism.To this end,a single-hole polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)test piece was used to conduct a 2D blasting experiment with the help of a high-speed camera to capture the dynamic crack propagation process and the digital image correlation(DIC)method to analyze the evolution law of surface strain on the test piece.On this basis,a three-dimensional(3D)finite element model was established based on the progressive failure theory to simulate the stress,strain,damage,and displacement evolution process of the model under 2D blasting.The simulation results were consistent with the experimental results.The research results reveal the 2D blasting mechanism and provide theoretical support for the application of 2D blasting technology in the field of rock excavation.
文摘In this paper, with the general retrospect to the research on surface reconstruction and the marching cubes algorithm, we gave detailed description of an algorithm on the construction of object surfaces. The possible ambiguity problem in the original marching cubes algorithm was eliminated by its index mechanism. Some results on the MRI images were presented. Based on extracting and clipping contours from a set of medial slice images and setting the patch vertices values according to the gray images, this algorithm may be applied to form the arbitrary section images with three dimensional effects. It can also enhance the visual effect and interpretation of medical data.
文摘Computing systems have been playing an important role in various medical fields, notably in image diagnosis. Studies in the field of Computational Vision aim at developing techniques and systems capable of detecting various illnesses automatically. What has been highlighted among the existing exams that allow diagnosis aid and the application of computing systems in parallel is Computed Tomography (CT). CT enables the visualization of internal organs, such as the lung and its structures. Computational Vision systems extract information from the CT images by segmenting the regions of interest, and then recognize and identify details in those images. This work focuses on the segmentation phase of CT lung images with singularity-based techniques. Among these methods are the region growing (RG) technique and its 3D RG variations and the thresholding technique with multi-thresholding. The 3D RG method is applied to lung segmentation and from the 3D RG segments of the lung hilum, the multi-thresholding can segment the blood vessels, lung emphysema and the bones. The results of lung segmentation in this work were evaluated by two pulmonologists. The results obtained showed that these methods can integrate aid systems for medical diagnosis in the pulmonology field.
