Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209)has been recognized for its adverse effects on the male reproductive system.The specific negative effects and underlying mechanisms through which BDE-209 impacts the reproductive functi...Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209)has been recognized for its adverse effects on the male reproductive system.The specific negative effects and underlying mechanisms through which BDE-209 impacts the reproductive function of offspring are not yet fully understood.The present study classified institute of cancer research(ICR)mice into control and BDE-209 treatment groups,administering doses of 0 and 75 mg/(kg·day),respectively.After 50 days of exposure,normal female mice were co-housed with the male mice,and their male offspring were sacrificed at 2 and 12 months of age.Paternal BDE-209 exposure reduced both sperm quantity and quality in offspring.Furthermore,exposure to BDE-209 resulted in DNA damage and the upregulation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)DNA-sensing and inflammatory signaling pathways.The activation resulted in Z-DNA binding protein 1(ZBP1)binding to the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein(MAVS),subsequently activating mitochondrial apoptosis in the testes.The activation of the cGAS-STING pathway inhibited mitophagy,leading to senescence in the testes of male offspring.In vitro studies indicated that the cGAS inhibitor RU320521(RU.521)effectively reversed the cGAS-STING pathway activation,alleviated the mitophagy inhibition,and decreased apoptosis and senescence in mouse spermatocyte line GC-2spd cells treated with BDE-209.The results showed that paternal BDE-209 exposure might disrupt spermatogenesis in mouse offspring by activating the cGAS-STING pathway and inhibiting mitophagy.This study provides essential data on the toxicity of BDE-209 to male reproduction and have important scientific and practical implications for maintaining biodiversity and population health in general.展开更多
We study the structural and dynamical properties of A209 based on Chandra and XMM-Newton observations.We obtain detailed temperature,pressure,and entropy maps with the contour binning method,and find a hot region in t...We study the structural and dynamical properties of A209 based on Chandra and XMM-Newton observations.We obtain detailed temperature,pressure,and entropy maps with the contour binning method,and find a hot region in the NW direction.The X-ray brightness residual map and corresponding temperature profiles reveal a possible shock front in the NW direction and a cold front feature in the SE direction.Combined with the galaxy luminosity density map we propose a weak merger scenario.A young sub-cluster passing from the SE to NW direction could explain the optical subpeak,the intracluster medium temperature map,the X-ray surface brightness excess,and the X-ray peak offset together.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32171492)。
文摘Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209)has been recognized for its adverse effects on the male reproductive system.The specific negative effects and underlying mechanisms through which BDE-209 impacts the reproductive function of offspring are not yet fully understood.The present study classified institute of cancer research(ICR)mice into control and BDE-209 treatment groups,administering doses of 0 and 75 mg/(kg·day),respectively.After 50 days of exposure,normal female mice were co-housed with the male mice,and their male offspring were sacrificed at 2 and 12 months of age.Paternal BDE-209 exposure reduced both sperm quantity and quality in offspring.Furthermore,exposure to BDE-209 resulted in DNA damage and the upregulation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)DNA-sensing and inflammatory signaling pathways.The activation resulted in Z-DNA binding protein 1(ZBP1)binding to the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein(MAVS),subsequently activating mitochondrial apoptosis in the testes.The activation of the cGAS-STING pathway inhibited mitophagy,leading to senescence in the testes of male offspring.In vitro studies indicated that the cGAS inhibitor RU320521(RU.521)effectively reversed the cGAS-STING pathway activation,alleviated the mitophagy inhibition,and decreased apoptosis and senescence in mouse spermatocyte line GC-2spd cells treated with BDE-209.The results showed that paternal BDE-209 exposure might disrupt spermatogenesis in mouse offspring by activating the cGAS-STING pathway and inhibiting mitophagy.This study provides essential data on the toxicity of BDE-209 to male reproduction and have important scientific and practical implications for maintaining biodiversity and population health in general.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.U2038104 and 11703014)the Bureau of International Cooperation,Chinese Academy of Sciences(GJHZ1864)。
文摘We study the structural and dynamical properties of A209 based on Chandra and XMM-Newton observations.We obtain detailed temperature,pressure,and entropy maps with the contour binning method,and find a hot region in the NW direction.The X-ray brightness residual map and corresponding temperature profiles reveal a possible shock front in the NW direction and a cold front feature in the SE direction.Combined with the galaxy luminosity density map we propose a weak merger scenario.A young sub-cluster passing from the SE to NW direction could explain the optical subpeak,the intracluster medium temperature map,the X-ray surface brightness excess,and the X-ray peak offset together.
