This article described antimicrobial property and structure analysis of 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid isolated from the crude extract of Citrus microcarpa. Presently, there was no report on compound from C...This article described antimicrobial property and structure analysis of 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid isolated from the crude extract of Citrus microcarpa. Presently, there was no report on compound from C. microcarpa that possessed antimicrobial property against fish pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, in this study, the bioactive principle in C. microcarpa extract was isolated using thin layer chromatography. It＇s structure was elucidated based on nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectroscopic data, such as proton NMR （1HNMR）, correlation spectroscopy, carbon 13 NMR, and heteronuclear multiple bond correlation data. This study showed that the bioactive compound isolated from C. microcarpa was 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid monohydrate. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） values of crude C. microcarpa extract and its bioactive component, 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid as well as commercially available synthetic 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, were determined against 18 isolates of Edwardsiella tarda and 7 bacterial reference strains, namely, Escherichia coli （ATCC 25922）, Citrobacter freundii （ATCC 8090）, Aeromonas hydrophila （ATCC 49140）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ATCC 35032）, Streptococcus agalatiae （ATCC 13813）, E. tarda （ATCC 15947）, and Yersinia enterocolitica （ATCC 23715）, using two-fold microdilution method. The MIC values for both the natural 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid and the synthetic one were ranging from 15.6 to 62.5 mg mL-1, whereas that of the crude extract was ranging from 7.8 to 31.3 mg mL-1. These findings showed that both the crude extract and its bioactive component might have potential as antimicrobial agent for aquaculture use.展开更多
目的检测帕金森病(PD)患者血清视锥蛋白样蛋白1(VILIP-1)、补体Clq肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白9(CTRP9)和纤维蛋白原样蛋白2(FGL2)表达水平,分析三者与PD患者疾病分期、认知功能的关系。方法选取2022年3月~2024年3月监利市人民医院收治的103...目的检测帕金森病(PD)患者血清视锥蛋白样蛋白1(VILIP-1)、补体Clq肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白9(CTRP9)和纤维蛋白原样蛋白2(FGL2)表达水平,分析三者与PD患者疾病分期、认知功能的关系。方法选取2022年3月~2024年3月监利市人民医院收治的103例PD患者作为研究对象(PD组),依据Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y)分级系统将PD患者分为早期组(n=48),中/晚期组(n=55);依据蒙特利尔认知评估表(MoCA)将PD患者分为认知正常组(n=38)和认知障碍组(n=65)。另随机选择同期体检健康人105例作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法测定血清VILIP-1、CTRP9和FGL2表达水平;采用Logistic回归分析影响PD患者发生认知功能障碍的影响因素;采用Pearson法分析血清VILIP-1、CTRP9、FGL2水平与疾病分期、认知障碍相关性;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清VILIP-1、CTRP9、FGL2联合检测对PD患者疾病分期、认知功能障碍的诊断价值。结果PD组血清VILIP-1(7.16±1.28ng/ml)、FGL2(94.27±12.42ng/ml)水平高于对照组(4.67±0.95ng/ml,72.15±9.68ng/ml),CTRP9(0.53±0.07pg/ml)水平低于对照组(1.02±0.14pg/ml),差异具有统计学意义(t=15.952、14.342、31.831,均P<0.001)。中/晚期组血清VILIP-1(7.86±0.95ng/ml)、FGL2(102.21±13.04ng/ml)水平高于早期组(6.36±0.81ng/ml,85.17±10.35ng/ml),CTRP9(0.46±0.08pg/ml)水平低于早期组(0.62±0.14pg/ml),差异具有统计学意义(t=8.556、7.271、7.233,均P<0.001)。与认知正常组相比,认知障碍组血清VILIP-1(7.72±1.03ng/ml vs 6.21±0.92ng/ml)、FGL2(102.54±16.53ng/ml vs 80.12±13.27ng/ml)水平及UPDRS评分(54.17±7.68分vs 50.64±7.42分),SCOPA-AUT评分(15.27±3.82分vs 12.39±3.48分)升高,CTRP9(0.47±0.09pg/ml vs 0.65±0.13pg/ml)水平降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.279~7.537,均P<0.05)。Logistic分析显示,UPDRS、VILIP-1、FGL2是PD患者发生认知功能障碍的危险因素(Waldχ^(2)=5.041、6.127、7.414,均P<0.05),CTRP9是PD患者发生认功能障碍的保护因素(Waldχ^(2)=5.775,P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,血清VILIP-1、FGL2水平与疾病分期、认知障碍呈正相关(r=0.524~0.637,均P<0.05),血清CTRP9水平与疾病分期、认知障碍呈负相关(r=-0.501、-0.595,均P<0.001)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清VILIP-1、CTRP9、FGL2三者联合预测PD患者疾病分期的AUC优于单独检测(Z=2.625、2.568、2.251,均P<0.05);三者联合预测PD患者认知功能障碍的AUC优于单独检测(Z=2.910、2.008、2.096,均P<0.05)。结论PD患者血清VILIP-1、FGL2呈高水平,CTRP9呈低水平,且均与PD患者疾病分期、认知功能密切相关。展开更多
基金funded by E-Science Project (02-01-12-SF0055) provided by Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Malaysia
文摘This article described antimicrobial property and structure analysis of 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid isolated from the crude extract of Citrus microcarpa. Presently, there was no report on compound from C. microcarpa that possessed antimicrobial property against fish pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, in this study, the bioactive principle in C. microcarpa extract was isolated using thin layer chromatography. It＇s structure was elucidated based on nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectroscopic data, such as proton NMR （1HNMR）, correlation spectroscopy, carbon 13 NMR, and heteronuclear multiple bond correlation data. This study showed that the bioactive compound isolated from C. microcarpa was 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid monohydrate. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） values of crude C. microcarpa extract and its bioactive component, 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid as well as commercially available synthetic 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, were determined against 18 isolates of Edwardsiella tarda and 7 bacterial reference strains, namely, Escherichia coli （ATCC 25922）, Citrobacter freundii （ATCC 8090）, Aeromonas hydrophila （ATCC 49140）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ATCC 35032）, Streptococcus agalatiae （ATCC 13813）, E. tarda （ATCC 15947）, and Yersinia enterocolitica （ATCC 23715）, using two-fold microdilution method. The MIC values for both the natural 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid and the synthetic one were ranging from 15.6 to 62.5 mg mL-1, whereas that of the crude extract was ranging from 7.8 to 31.3 mg mL-1. These findings showed that both the crude extract and its bioactive component might have potential as antimicrobial agent for aquaculture use.
文摘目的检测帕金森病(PD)患者血清视锥蛋白样蛋白1(VILIP-1)、补体Clq肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白9(CTRP9)和纤维蛋白原样蛋白2(FGL2)表达水平,分析三者与PD患者疾病分期、认知功能的关系。方法选取2022年3月~2024年3月监利市人民医院收治的103例PD患者作为研究对象(PD组),依据Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y)分级系统将PD患者分为早期组(n=48),中/晚期组(n=55);依据蒙特利尔认知评估表(MoCA)将PD患者分为认知正常组(n=38)和认知障碍组(n=65)。另随机选择同期体检健康人105例作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法测定血清VILIP-1、CTRP9和FGL2表达水平;采用Logistic回归分析影响PD患者发生认知功能障碍的影响因素;采用Pearson法分析血清VILIP-1、CTRP9、FGL2水平与疾病分期、认知障碍相关性;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清VILIP-1、CTRP9、FGL2联合检测对PD患者疾病分期、认知功能障碍的诊断价值。结果PD组血清VILIP-1(7.16±1.28ng/ml)、FGL2(94.27±12.42ng/ml)水平高于对照组(4.67±0.95ng/ml,72.15±9.68ng/ml),CTRP9(0.53±0.07pg/ml)水平低于对照组(1.02±0.14pg/ml),差异具有统计学意义(t=15.952、14.342、31.831,均P<0.001)。中/晚期组血清VILIP-1(7.86±0.95ng/ml)、FGL2(102.21±13.04ng/ml)水平高于早期组(6.36±0.81ng/ml,85.17±10.35ng/ml),CTRP9(0.46±0.08pg/ml)水平低于早期组(0.62±0.14pg/ml),差异具有统计学意义(t=8.556、7.271、7.233,均P<0.001)。与认知正常组相比,认知障碍组血清VILIP-1(7.72±1.03ng/ml vs 6.21±0.92ng/ml)、FGL2(102.54±16.53ng/ml vs 80.12±13.27ng/ml)水平及UPDRS评分(54.17±7.68分vs 50.64±7.42分),SCOPA-AUT评分(15.27±3.82分vs 12.39±3.48分)升高,CTRP9(0.47±0.09pg/ml vs 0.65±0.13pg/ml)水平降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.279~7.537,均P<0.05)。Logistic分析显示,UPDRS、VILIP-1、FGL2是PD患者发生认知功能障碍的危险因素(Waldχ^(2)=5.041、6.127、7.414,均P<0.05),CTRP9是PD患者发生认功能障碍的保护因素(Waldχ^(2)=5.775,P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,血清VILIP-1、FGL2水平与疾病分期、认知障碍呈正相关(r=0.524~0.637,均P<0.05),血清CTRP9水平与疾病分期、认知障碍呈负相关(r=-0.501、-0.595,均P<0.001)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清VILIP-1、CTRP9、FGL2三者联合预测PD患者疾病分期的AUC优于单独检测(Z=2.625、2.568、2.251,均P<0.05);三者联合预测PD患者认知功能障碍的AUC优于单独检测(Z=2.910、2.008、2.096,均P<0.05)。结论PD患者血清VILIP-1、FGL2呈高水平,CTRP9呈低水平,且均与PD患者疾病分期、认知功能密切相关。
