A convenient method for preparing unsaturated amides via telluro- nium salts employing solid potassium carbonate as a base with high stereo- selectivity in excellent yields has been developed.
In the present paper, the effect of α1 and α2 subtypes of the thoracic spinal cord on electroacupuncture (EA)-induced improvement of ischemic cardiac electrical and mechanical activities was observed in 80 anestheti...In the present paper, the effect of α1 and α2 subtypes of the thoracic spinal cord on electroacupuncture (EA)-induced improvement of ischemic cardiac electrical and mechanical activities was observed in 80 anesthetized rabbits by using ECG-ST, MBP, LVP and dp/dt max as indexes. Results showed that:1) EA at "Neiguan" could significantly improve the electrical and mechanical activities of the ischemic heart; 2) the effect of EA could be enhanced to a certain degree when α1 receptors of the thoracic spinal cord were activated by subarachnoid microinjection of phenylephrine, while it was weakened when α1 receptors were inhibited by microinjection of parison; and 3) activation or inhibition of α2 receptors of the thoracic spinal cord by microinjection of clonidine and yohimbine had no marked influence on the effect of EA in improving electrical activity of the ischemic heart, but when activated,they could weaken the effect of EA in raising MBP; while suppressed, they had no any striking influence on the effect of EA in raising MBP. It suggests that among α-receptors, predominantly α1-receptors participate in the process of EA-induced improvement of performance of ischemic heart.展开更多
Under a first order moment condition on the immigration mechanism,we show that an appropriately scaled supercritical and irreducible multi-type continuous state and continuous time branching process with immigration(C...Under a first order moment condition on the immigration mechanism,we show that an appropriately scaled supercritical and irreducible multi-type continuous state and continuous time branching process with immigration(CBI process)converges almost surely.If an x log(x)moment condition on the branching mechanism does not hold,then the limit is zero.If this x log(x)moment condition holds,then we prove L1 convergence as well.The projection of the limit on any left non-Perron eigenvector of the branching mean matrix is vanishing.If,in addition,a suitable extra power moment condition on the branching mechanism holds,then we provide the correct scaling for the projection of a CBI process on certain left non-Perron eigenvectors of the branching mean matrix in order to have almost sure and L1 limit.Moreover,under a second order moment condition on the branching and immigration mechanisms,we prove L2 convergence of an appropriately scaled process and the above-mentioned projections as well.A representation of the limits is also provided under the same moment conditions.展开更多
Epilepsy,one of the most common neurological disorders,is characterized by spon-taneous recurrent seizures.Temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)is one of the most common medically intractable seizure disorders.Traf2-and NcK-int...Epilepsy,one of the most common neurological disorders,is characterized by spon-taneous recurrent seizures.Temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)is one of the most common medically intractable seizure disorders.Traf2-and NcK-interacting kinase(TNIK)has recently attracted attention as a critical modulation target of many neurological and psychiatric disorders,but its role in epilepsy remains unclear.In this study,we hypothesized the involvement of TNIK in epilepsy and investigated TNIK expression in patients with intractable TLE and in a pilocarpineinduced rat model of epilepsy by western blotting,immunofluorescence,and immunohistochemistry.A pentylenetetrazole(PTZ)-induced epilepsy rat model was used to determine the effect of the TNIK inhibitor NCB-0846 on behavioral manifestations of epilepsy.Coimmunoprecipitation(Co-IP)/mass spectrometry(MS)was used to identify the potential mechanism.Through Co-IP,we detected and confirmed the main potential TNIK interactors.Subcellular fractionation was used to establish the effect of NCB-0846 on the expression of the main interactors in postsynaptic density(PSD)fractions.We found that TNIK was primarily located in neurons and decreased significantly in epilepsy model rats and TLE patients compared with controls.NCB-0846 delayed kindling progression and decreased seizure severity.Co-IP/MS identified 63 candidate TNIK interactors in rat hippocampi,notably CaMKIl.Co-IP showed that TNIK might correlate with endogenous GRIA1,SYN2,PSD-95,CaMKIV,GABRG1,and GABRG2.In addition,the significant decrease in GRIA1 in hippocampal total lysate and PSDs after NCB-0846 treatment might help modify the progression of PTZ kindling.Our results suggest that TNIK contributes to epileptic pathology and is a potential antiepileptic drug target.展开更多
文摘A convenient method for preparing unsaturated amides via telluro- nium salts employing solid potassium carbonate as a base with high stereo- selectivity in excellent yields has been developed.
文摘In the present paper, the effect of α1 and α2 subtypes of the thoracic spinal cord on electroacupuncture (EA)-induced improvement of ischemic cardiac electrical and mechanical activities was observed in 80 anesthetized rabbits by using ECG-ST, MBP, LVP and dp/dt max as indexes. Results showed that:1) EA at "Neiguan" could significantly improve the electrical and mechanical activities of the ischemic heart; 2) the effect of EA could be enhanced to a certain degree when α1 receptors of the thoracic spinal cord were activated by subarachnoid microinjection of phenylephrine, while it was weakened when α1 receptors were inhibited by microinjection of parison; and 3) activation or inhibition of α2 receptors of the thoracic spinal cord by microinjection of clonidine and yohimbine had no marked influence on the effect of EA in improving electrical activity of the ischemic heart, but when activated,they could weaken the effect of EA in raising MBP; while suppressed, they had no any striking influence on the effect of EA in raising MBP. It suggests that among α-receptors, predominantly α1-receptors participate in the process of EA-induced improvement of performance of ischemic heart.
基金supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciencessupported by the Royal Society Newton International Fellowship and the EU-funded Hungarian(Grant No.EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00008)。
文摘Under a first order moment condition on the immigration mechanism,we show that an appropriately scaled supercritical and irreducible multi-type continuous state and continuous time branching process with immigration(CBI process)converges almost surely.If an x log(x)moment condition on the branching mechanism does not hold,then the limit is zero.If this x log(x)moment condition holds,then we prove L1 convergence as well.The projection of the limit on any left non-Perron eigenvector of the branching mean matrix is vanishing.If,in addition,a suitable extra power moment condition on the branching mechanism holds,then we provide the correct scaling for the projection of a CBI process on certain left non-Perron eigenvectors of the branching mean matrix in order to have almost sure and L1 limit.Moreover,under a second order moment condition on the branching and immigration mechanisms,we prove L2 convergence of an appropriately scaled process and the above-mentioned projections as well.A representation of the limits is also provided under the same moment conditions.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81901324,82001378,82071395)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M693246)+4 种基金joint project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau(Chongqing,China)(No.2023QNXM009)Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission of China(No.KJQN202200435)Chongqing Talents:Exceptional Young Talents Project(Chongqing,China)(No.CQYC202005014)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0035,CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0038)Key Research and Development Projects of Jining City,Shandong,China(No.2021YXNS057).
文摘Epilepsy,one of the most common neurological disorders,is characterized by spon-taneous recurrent seizures.Temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)is one of the most common medically intractable seizure disorders.Traf2-and NcK-interacting kinase(TNIK)has recently attracted attention as a critical modulation target of many neurological and psychiatric disorders,but its role in epilepsy remains unclear.In this study,we hypothesized the involvement of TNIK in epilepsy and investigated TNIK expression in patients with intractable TLE and in a pilocarpineinduced rat model of epilepsy by western blotting,immunofluorescence,and immunohistochemistry.A pentylenetetrazole(PTZ)-induced epilepsy rat model was used to determine the effect of the TNIK inhibitor NCB-0846 on behavioral manifestations of epilepsy.Coimmunoprecipitation(Co-IP)/mass spectrometry(MS)was used to identify the potential mechanism.Through Co-IP,we detected and confirmed the main potential TNIK interactors.Subcellular fractionation was used to establish the effect of NCB-0846 on the expression of the main interactors in postsynaptic density(PSD)fractions.We found that TNIK was primarily located in neurons and decreased significantly in epilepsy model rats and TLE patients compared with controls.NCB-0846 delayed kindling progression and decreased seizure severity.Co-IP/MS identified 63 candidate TNIK interactors in rat hippocampi,notably CaMKIl.Co-IP showed that TNIK might correlate with endogenous GRIA1,SYN2,PSD-95,CaMKIV,GABRG1,and GABRG2.In addition,the significant decrease in GRIA1 in hippocampal total lysate and PSDs after NCB-0846 treatment might help modify the progression of PTZ kindling.Our results suggest that TNIK contributes to epileptic pathology and is a potential antiepileptic drug target.
