Spinal cord injury involves non-reversible damage to the central nervous system that is characterized by limited regenerative capacity and secondary inflammatory damage.The expression of the C-C motif chemokine ligand...Spinal cord injury involves non-reversible damage to the central nervous system that is characterized by limited regenerative capacity and secondary inflammatory damage.The expression of the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis exhibits significant differences before and after injury.Recent studies have revealed that the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis is closely associated with secondary inflammatory responses and the recruitment of immune cells following spinal cord injury,suggesting that this axis is a novel target and regulatory control point for treatment.This review comprehensively examines the therapeutic strategies targeting the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis,along with the regenerative and repair mechanisms linking the axis to spinal cord injury.Additionally,we summarize the upstream and downstream inflammatory signaling pathways associated with spinal cord injury and the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis.This review primarily elaborates on therapeutic strategies that target the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the latest progress of research on antagonistic drugs,along with the approaches used to exploit new therapeutic targets within the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the development of targeted drugs.Nevertheless,there are presently no clinical studies relating to spinal cord injury that are focusing on the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis.This review aims to provide new ideas and therapeutic strategies for the future treatment of spinal cord injury.展开更多
Light-driven CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to value-added ethylene(C2H4)holds significant promise for addressing energy and environmental challenges.While the high energy barriers for*CO intermediates hydrogenati...Light-driven CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to value-added ethylene(C2H4)holds significant promise for addressing energy and environmental challenges.While the high energy barriers for*CO intermediates hydrogenation and C–C coupling limit the C_(2)H_(4)generation.Herein,CuxP/g-C_(3)N_(4) heterojunction prepared by an in-situ phosphating technique,achieved collaborative photocatalytic CO_(2) and H2O,producing CO and C_(2)H_(4)as the main products.Notably,the selectivity of C_(2)H_(4)produced by CuxP/g-C_(3)N_(4) attained to 64.25%,which was 9.85 times that of CuxP(6.52%).Detailed time-resolution photoluminescence spectra,femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy tests and density functional theory(DFT)calculation validate the ultra-fast interfacial electron transfer mechanism in CuxP/g-C_(3)N_(4) heterojunction.Successive*H on P sites caused by adsorbed H2O splitting with moderate hydrogenation ability enables the multi-step hydrogenation during CO_(2)RR process over CuxP/g-C_(3)N_(4).With the aid of mediated asymmetric Cu and P dual sites by g-C_(3)N_(4) nanosheet,the produced*CHO shows an energetically favorable for C–C coupling.The coupling formed*CHOCHO further accepts photoexcited efficient e–and*H to deeply produce C_(2)H_(4)according to the C^(2+)intermediates,which has been detected by in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and interpreted by DFT calculation.The novel insight mechanism offers an essential understanding for the development of CuxP-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic CO_(2) to C^(2+)value-added fuels.展开更多
Transition metal-catalyzed C—C coupling reactions are a core strategy for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis.Their development has not only promoted the synthesis of drugs,materials,and natu...Transition metal-catalyzed C—C coupling reactions are a core strategy for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis.Their development has not only promoted the synthesis of drugs,materials,and natural products,but also promoted the development of new synthetic methods,and has also made breakthroughs in mechanism innovation and catalyst design.On this basis,a copper-catalyzed radical reaction between ketones is reported,enabling the synthesis of 2-carbonyl-1,4-diones.The method exhibits excellent applicability to multiple structural types of ketones,including aliphatic ketones with diverse substituents,aromatic ketones,and various simple ketones not limited to acetone,with wide applications,easy implementation,low catalyst toxicity,and low cost,cost-effective,and the product is easy to separate and purify.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program),No.11932013the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program),No.82272255+2 种基金Armed Police Force High-Level Science and Technology Personnel ProjectThe Armed Police Force Focuses on Supporting Scientific and Technological Innovation TeamsKey Project of Tianjin Science and Technology Plan,No.20JCZDJC00570(all to XC)。
文摘Spinal cord injury involves non-reversible damage to the central nervous system that is characterized by limited regenerative capacity and secondary inflammatory damage.The expression of the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis exhibits significant differences before and after injury.Recent studies have revealed that the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis is closely associated with secondary inflammatory responses and the recruitment of immune cells following spinal cord injury,suggesting that this axis is a novel target and regulatory control point for treatment.This review comprehensively examines the therapeutic strategies targeting the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis,along with the regenerative and repair mechanisms linking the axis to spinal cord injury.Additionally,we summarize the upstream and downstream inflammatory signaling pathways associated with spinal cord injury and the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis.This review primarily elaborates on therapeutic strategies that target the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the latest progress of research on antagonistic drugs,along with the approaches used to exploit new therapeutic targets within the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the development of targeted drugs.Nevertheless,there are presently no clinical studies relating to spinal cord injury that are focusing on the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis.This review aims to provide new ideas and therapeutic strategies for the future treatment of spinal cord injury.
文摘Light-driven CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to value-added ethylene(C2H4)holds significant promise for addressing energy and environmental challenges.While the high energy barriers for*CO intermediates hydrogenation and C–C coupling limit the C_(2)H_(4)generation.Herein,CuxP/g-C_(3)N_(4) heterojunction prepared by an in-situ phosphating technique,achieved collaborative photocatalytic CO_(2) and H2O,producing CO and C_(2)H_(4)as the main products.Notably,the selectivity of C_(2)H_(4)produced by CuxP/g-C_(3)N_(4) attained to 64.25%,which was 9.85 times that of CuxP(6.52%).Detailed time-resolution photoluminescence spectra,femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy tests and density functional theory(DFT)calculation validate the ultra-fast interfacial electron transfer mechanism in CuxP/g-C_(3)N_(4) heterojunction.Successive*H on P sites caused by adsorbed H2O splitting with moderate hydrogenation ability enables the multi-step hydrogenation during CO_(2)RR process over CuxP/g-C_(3)N_(4).With the aid of mediated asymmetric Cu and P dual sites by g-C_(3)N_(4) nanosheet,the produced*CHO shows an energetically favorable for C–C coupling.The coupling formed*CHOCHO further accepts photoexcited efficient e–and*H to deeply produce C_(2)H_(4)according to the C^(2+)intermediates,which has been detected by in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and interpreted by DFT calculation.The novel insight mechanism offers an essential understanding for the development of CuxP-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic CO_(2) to C^(2+)value-added fuels.
基金Project supported by the Basic Research Support Program for Outstanding Young Teachers in Provincial Undergraduate Colleges and Universities in Heilongjiang Province(No.YQJH2024096)the Heilongjiang Province Natural Joint Guidance Cultivation Project(No.PL2024H198)。
文摘Transition metal-catalyzed C—C coupling reactions are a core strategy for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis.Their development has not only promoted the synthesis of drugs,materials,and natural products,but also promoted the development of new synthetic methods,and has also made breakthroughs in mechanism innovation and catalyst design.On this basis,a copper-catalyzed radical reaction between ketones is reported,enabling the synthesis of 2-carbonyl-1,4-diones.The method exhibits excellent applicability to multiple structural types of ketones,including aliphatic ketones with diverse substituents,aromatic ketones,and various simple ketones not limited to acetone,with wide applications,easy implementation,low catalyst toxicity,and low cost,cost-effective,and the product is easy to separate and purify.
