Spinal cord injury involves non-reversible damage to the central nervous system that is characterized by limited regenerative capacity and secondary inflammatory damage.The expression of the C-C motif chemokine ligand...Spinal cord injury involves non-reversible damage to the central nervous system that is characterized by limited regenerative capacity and secondary inflammatory damage.The expression of the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis exhibits significant differences before and after injury.Recent studies have revealed that the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis is closely associated with secondary inflammatory responses and the recruitment of immune cells following spinal cord injury,suggesting that this axis is a novel target and regulatory control point for treatment.This review comprehensively examines the therapeutic strategies targeting the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis,along with the regenerative and repair mechanisms linking the axis to spinal cord injury.Additionally,we summarize the upstream and downstream inflammatory signaling pathways associated with spinal cord injury and the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis.This review primarily elaborates on therapeutic strategies that target the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the latest progress of research on antagonistic drugs,along with the approaches used to exploit new therapeutic targets within the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the development of targeted drugs.Nevertheless,there are presently no clinical studies relating to spinal cord injury that are focusing on the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis.This review aims to provide new ideas and therapeutic strategies for the future treatment of spinal cord injury.展开更多
AIM:To examine whether rs2472493 and rs248032 in the ABCA1 gene,rs3785176 in the PMM2 gene,and rs11827818 in the ARHGEF12 gene contribute to primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)in an Iranian population.METHODS:Totally 82...AIM:To examine whether rs2472493 and rs248032 in the ABCA1 gene,rs3785176 in the PMM2 gene,and rs11827818 in the ARHGEF12 gene contribute to primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)in an Iranian population.METHODS:Totally 82 POAG patients and 172 healthy controls were enrolled.The selected gene polymorphisms were analyzed using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay using deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)extracted from blood samples.Allelic and genotypic frequencies were evaluated using the Chi-square test.The association between the genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and POAG was assessed using multiple logistic regression models.The linkage disequilibrium and haplotype block structure were assessed using the Haploview 4.2 software.RESULTS:The results showed a significant association between allele frequencies of rs2472493 in the ABCA1 gene locus and POAG[odds ratio(OR)=1.58,95%confidence intervals(CI)=1.04-2.39,P=0.031].The rs3785176 in the PMM2 gene was also associated with POAG in additive and over dominant genotypes.Moreover,haplotype analysis showed a significant association of two estimated haplotypes of rs2472493/rs2487032 with POAG.The AA haplotype showed a reduction in POAG risk(OR=0.41,95%CI=0.202-0.834,P=0.012),while the GG haplotype was associated with the disease.In addition,this study could not discover any association between genotype and allele frequency of rs248032 in the ABCA1 gene,and rs11827818 in ARHGEF12 gene and POAG.CONCLUSION:rs2472493 in the ABCA1 gene can be considered a genetic susceptibility locus for POAG.The haplotype constructed with ABCA1 gene SNPs(rs2472493/rs2487032)is associated with POAG.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program),No.11932013the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program),No.82272255+2 种基金Armed Police Force High-Level Science and Technology Personnel ProjectThe Armed Police Force Focuses on Supporting Scientific and Technological Innovation TeamsKey Project of Tianjin Science and Technology Plan,No.20JCZDJC00570(all to XC)。
文摘Spinal cord injury involves non-reversible damage to the central nervous system that is characterized by limited regenerative capacity and secondary inflammatory damage.The expression of the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis exhibits significant differences before and after injury.Recent studies have revealed that the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis is closely associated with secondary inflammatory responses and the recruitment of immune cells following spinal cord injury,suggesting that this axis is a novel target and regulatory control point for treatment.This review comprehensively examines the therapeutic strategies targeting the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis,along with the regenerative and repair mechanisms linking the axis to spinal cord injury.Additionally,we summarize the upstream and downstream inflammatory signaling pathways associated with spinal cord injury and the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis.This review primarily elaborates on therapeutic strategies that target the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the latest progress of research on antagonistic drugs,along with the approaches used to exploit new therapeutic targets within the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the development of targeted drugs.Nevertheless,there are presently no clinical studies relating to spinal cord injury that are focusing on the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis.This review aims to provide new ideas and therapeutic strategies for the future treatment of spinal cord injury.
基金Supported by the Noor Ophthalmology Research Center and Shahroud University of Medical Sciences(No.9449)Shahroud University of Medical Sciences(No.9449)Shahroud Eye Cohort Study is supported by the Noor Ophthalmology Research Center and Shahroud University of Medical Sciences(No.8737).
文摘AIM:To examine whether rs2472493 and rs248032 in the ABCA1 gene,rs3785176 in the PMM2 gene,and rs11827818 in the ARHGEF12 gene contribute to primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)in an Iranian population.METHODS:Totally 82 POAG patients and 172 healthy controls were enrolled.The selected gene polymorphisms were analyzed using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay using deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)extracted from blood samples.Allelic and genotypic frequencies were evaluated using the Chi-square test.The association between the genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and POAG was assessed using multiple logistic regression models.The linkage disequilibrium and haplotype block structure were assessed using the Haploview 4.2 software.RESULTS:The results showed a significant association between allele frequencies of rs2472493 in the ABCA1 gene locus and POAG[odds ratio(OR)=1.58,95%confidence intervals(CI)=1.04-2.39,P=0.031].The rs3785176 in the PMM2 gene was also associated with POAG in additive and over dominant genotypes.Moreover,haplotype analysis showed a significant association of two estimated haplotypes of rs2472493/rs2487032 with POAG.The AA haplotype showed a reduction in POAG risk(OR=0.41,95%CI=0.202-0.834,P=0.012),while the GG haplotype was associated with the disease.In addition,this study could not discover any association between genotype and allele frequency of rs248032 in the ABCA1 gene,and rs11827818 in ARHGEF12 gene and POAG.CONCLUSION:rs2472493 in the ABCA1 gene can be considered a genetic susceptibility locus for POAG.The haplotype constructed with ABCA1 gene SNPs(rs2472493/rs2487032)is associated with POAG.
