Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病(Neurofibromatosis type I,NF1)是一种以常染色体显性遗传的遗传性疾病[1],其临床表现复杂多变,主要特征包括咖啡牛奶斑和神经纤维瘤,并可能伴有多系统损害及恶变风险[2]。除了皮肤和神经纤维瘤的常见表现,NF1患者还...Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病(Neurofibromatosis type I,NF1)是一种以常染色体显性遗传的遗传性疾病[1],其临床表现复杂多变,主要特征包括咖啡牛奶斑和神经纤维瘤,并可能伴有多系统损害及恶变风险[2]。除了皮肤和神经纤维瘤的常见表现,NF1患者还可能并发多种良性或恶性肿瘤,影响口腔、眼科、骨骼、心血管和内分泌等多个系统。展开更多
Adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma(ALES)is a rare variant of Ewing sarcoma that predominantly occurs in the head and neck region,characterized by epithelial differentiation and overlapping morphology with other small rou...Adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma(ALES)is a rare variant of Ewing sarcoma that predominantly occurs in the head and neck region,characterized by epithelial differentiation and overlapping morphology with other small round cell tumors.We present three cases of head and neck ALES(two in the parotid gland and one in the nasal cavity)in patients aged 23-42 years.Histologically,the tumors exhibited a spectrum of features,including small round blue cells and basaloid squamous morphologies.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells variably expressed CKpan,p63,CD99,NKX2.2,FLI1,CD56,and Syn.The Ki-67 proliferation index ranged widely from 15%to 90%.Notably,one case initially misdiagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma harbored a canonical EWSR1::FLI1 fusion.Crucially,we report the first case of ALES had a negative EWSR1 rearrangement but a somatic NF1 mutation,expanding the molecular spectrum of this entity.Our findings underscore the diagnostic challenge of ALES and highlight the necessity of comprehensive molecular profiling,including next-generation sequencing,for accurate diagnosis and the identification of potential therapeutic targets,particularly in genetically atypical cases.展开更多
文摘Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病(Neurofibromatosis type I,NF1)是一种以常染色体显性遗传的遗传性疾病[1],其临床表现复杂多变,主要特征包括咖啡牛奶斑和神经纤维瘤,并可能伴有多系统损害及恶变风险[2]。除了皮肤和神经纤维瘤的常见表现,NF1患者还可能并发多种良性或恶性肿瘤,影响口腔、眼科、骨骼、心血管和内分泌等多个系统。
文摘Adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma(ALES)is a rare variant of Ewing sarcoma that predominantly occurs in the head and neck region,characterized by epithelial differentiation and overlapping morphology with other small round cell tumors.We present three cases of head and neck ALES(two in the parotid gland and one in the nasal cavity)in patients aged 23-42 years.Histologically,the tumors exhibited a spectrum of features,including small round blue cells and basaloid squamous morphologies.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells variably expressed CKpan,p63,CD99,NKX2.2,FLI1,CD56,and Syn.The Ki-67 proliferation index ranged widely from 15%to 90%.Notably,one case initially misdiagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma harbored a canonical EWSR1::FLI1 fusion.Crucially,we report the first case of ALES had a negative EWSR1 rearrangement but a somatic NF1 mutation,expanding the molecular spectrum of this entity.Our findings underscore the diagnostic challenge of ALES and highlight the necessity of comprehensive molecular profiling,including next-generation sequencing,for accurate diagnosis and the identification of potential therapeutic targets,particularly in genetically atypical cases.
