The notion of preordering, which is a generalization of the notion of ordering, has been introduced by Serre. On the other hand, the notion of round quadratic forms has been introduced by Witt. Based on these ideas, i...The notion of preordering, which is a generalization of the notion of ordering, has been introduced by Serre. On the other hand, the notion of round quadratic forms has been introduced by Witt. Based on these ideas, it is here shown that 1) a field F is formally real n-pythagorean iff the nth radical, RnF is a preordering (Theorem 2), and 2) a field F is n-pythagorean iff for any n-fold Pfister form ρ. There exists an odd integer l(>1) such that l×ρ is a round quadratic form (Theorem 8). By considering upper bounds for the number of squares on Pfister’s interpretation, these results finally lead to the main result (Theorem 10) such that the generalization of pythagorean fields coincides with the generalization of Hilbert’s 17th Problem.展开更多
This article first presents an overview of the Internationa] Symposium on Lepton-Photon Interactions (LP’95) and briefly introduce Chinese research achievements in the discipline. It highlights the necessity and impo...This article first presents an overview of the Internationa] Symposium on Lepton-Photon Interactions (LP’95) and briefly introduce Chinese research achievements in the discipline. It highlights the necessity and importance of international cooperation in the HEP community of the world.展开更多
目的观察咳喘镇定汤在小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘治疗中的作用及对患儿嗜酸性粒细胞计数(eosinophil count,EOS)、白介素-23(interleukin-23,IL-23)/辅助性T细胞17(helper T cells17,Th17)轴的影响。方法选取2020年8月—2023年2月收治的小儿咳...目的观察咳喘镇定汤在小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘治疗中的作用及对患儿嗜酸性粒细胞计数(eosinophil count,EOS)、白介素-23(interleukin-23,IL-23)/辅助性T细胞17(helper T cells17,Th17)轴的影响。方法选取2020年8月—2023年2月收治的小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿104例,将患儿采用简单随机法分为两组。常规组给予止咳化痰、抗炎、平喘等常规治疗,咳喘镇定汤组在常规组基础上采用咳喘镇定汤辅助治疗。检测组间及组内T淋巴亚群、EOS、巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-1α(macrophage inflammatory protein-1α,MIP-1α)、Clara细胞分泌蛋白16(clara cell secreted protein 16,CC-16)、嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子(Eotaxin)、IL-23/Th17轴、小气道功能水平。评估组间及组内咳嗽症状评分、中医证候评分差异。统计组间疗效和不良反应。结果治疗前T淋巴亚群、CC-16、Eotaxin等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗后CD_(8)^(+)、EOS、MIP-1α、Eotaxin降低,CC-16、CD_(4)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)升高,咳喘镇定汤组治疗后CD_(8)^(+)、EOS、MIP-1α、Eotaxin低于常规组,CC-16、CD_(4)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)高于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗前比较IL-23/Th17轴差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗后IL-23、Th17、白介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)降低,咳喘镇定汤组治疗后IL-23/Th17轴低于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗前相关评分无差异(P>0.05)。两组治疗后咳嗽症状评分、中医证候评分降低,咳喘镇定汤组治疗后咳嗽症状评分、中医症候评分低于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗前小气道功能无差异(P>0.05)。两组治疗后小气道功能升高,咳喘镇定汤组治疗后小气道功能高于常规组(P<0.05)。咳喘镇定汤组治愈13例,显效和有效共35例,总有效率92.31%高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论咳喘镇定汤可通过调控小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿IL-23/Th17轴,改善T淋巴亚群和小气道功能,减轻咳嗽症状,提高疗效。展开更多
目的:探讨IL-34对ApoE-/-小鼠动脉粥样硬化(AS)和炎症反应的影响。方法:给予高脂饲料喂养的雄性ApoE-/-小鼠20只分为两组,每组10只。实验组隔天1次腹腔注射200 ng重组IL-34(rIL-34),对照组隔天1次腹腔注射0.3 mL PBS,干预12周。检测小...目的:探讨IL-34对ApoE-/-小鼠动脉粥样硬化(AS)和炎症反应的影响。方法:给予高脂饲料喂养的雄性ApoE-/-小鼠20只分为两组,每组10只。实验组隔天1次腹腔注射200 ng重组IL-34(rIL-34),对照组隔天1次腹腔注射0.3 mL PBS,干预12周。检测小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C);油红O染色评估小鼠主动脉AS形成情况;免疫组化法检测主动脉根部斑块炎症细胞(CD3+T细胞和Mac-3+巨噬细胞)浸润情况;流式细胞术检测脾脏T细胞亚群;ELISA法和Bio-Plex系统检测小鼠血清细胞炎性因子IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-4、IL-10、TGF-β1和IL-17A水平;qRT-PCR法检测小鼠主动脉弓上述细胞因子mRNA的表达水平。结果:两组小鼠血脂水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05))。与对照组比较,实验组小鼠血清IL-34水平增加,主动脉和主动脉根部斑块面积增加,斑块内CD3+T细胞和Mac-3+巨噬细胞浸润增多,脾脏Th17细胞亚群比例升高,血清IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6和IL-17A水平升高,主动脉弓IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6和IL-17A mRNA表达水平升高(P均<0.05)。结论:IL-34可升高脾脏Th17细胞亚群比例,促进炎症因子表达,有助于小鼠AS形成。展开更多
文摘The notion of preordering, which is a generalization of the notion of ordering, has been introduced by Serre. On the other hand, the notion of round quadratic forms has been introduced by Witt. Based on these ideas, it is here shown that 1) a field F is formally real n-pythagorean iff the nth radical, RnF is a preordering (Theorem 2), and 2) a field F is n-pythagorean iff for any n-fold Pfister form ρ. There exists an odd integer l(>1) such that l×ρ is a round quadratic form (Theorem 8). By considering upper bounds for the number of squares on Pfister’s interpretation, these results finally lead to the main result (Theorem 10) such that the generalization of pythagorean fields coincides with the generalization of Hilbert’s 17th Problem.
文摘This article first presents an overview of the Internationa] Symposium on Lepton-Photon Interactions (LP’95) and briefly introduce Chinese research achievements in the discipline. It highlights the necessity and importance of international cooperation in the HEP community of the world.
文摘目的观察咳喘镇定汤在小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘治疗中的作用及对患儿嗜酸性粒细胞计数(eosinophil count,EOS)、白介素-23(interleukin-23,IL-23)/辅助性T细胞17(helper T cells17,Th17)轴的影响。方法选取2020年8月—2023年2月收治的小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿104例,将患儿采用简单随机法分为两组。常规组给予止咳化痰、抗炎、平喘等常规治疗,咳喘镇定汤组在常规组基础上采用咳喘镇定汤辅助治疗。检测组间及组内T淋巴亚群、EOS、巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-1α(macrophage inflammatory protein-1α,MIP-1α)、Clara细胞分泌蛋白16(clara cell secreted protein 16,CC-16)、嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子(Eotaxin)、IL-23/Th17轴、小气道功能水平。评估组间及组内咳嗽症状评分、中医证候评分差异。统计组间疗效和不良反应。结果治疗前T淋巴亚群、CC-16、Eotaxin等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗后CD_(8)^(+)、EOS、MIP-1α、Eotaxin降低,CC-16、CD_(4)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)升高,咳喘镇定汤组治疗后CD_(8)^(+)、EOS、MIP-1α、Eotaxin低于常规组,CC-16、CD_(4)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)高于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗前比较IL-23/Th17轴差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗后IL-23、Th17、白介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)降低,咳喘镇定汤组治疗后IL-23/Th17轴低于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗前相关评分无差异(P>0.05)。两组治疗后咳嗽症状评分、中医证候评分降低,咳喘镇定汤组治疗后咳嗽症状评分、中医症候评分低于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗前小气道功能无差异(P>0.05)。两组治疗后小气道功能升高,咳喘镇定汤组治疗后小气道功能高于常规组(P<0.05)。咳喘镇定汤组治愈13例,显效和有效共35例,总有效率92.31%高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论咳喘镇定汤可通过调控小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿IL-23/Th17轴,改善T淋巴亚群和小气道功能,减轻咳嗽症状,提高疗效。
文摘目的:探讨IL-34对ApoE-/-小鼠动脉粥样硬化(AS)和炎症反应的影响。方法:给予高脂饲料喂养的雄性ApoE-/-小鼠20只分为两组,每组10只。实验组隔天1次腹腔注射200 ng重组IL-34(rIL-34),对照组隔天1次腹腔注射0.3 mL PBS,干预12周。检测小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C);油红O染色评估小鼠主动脉AS形成情况;免疫组化法检测主动脉根部斑块炎症细胞(CD3+T细胞和Mac-3+巨噬细胞)浸润情况;流式细胞术检测脾脏T细胞亚群;ELISA法和Bio-Plex系统检测小鼠血清细胞炎性因子IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-4、IL-10、TGF-β1和IL-17A水平;qRT-PCR法检测小鼠主动脉弓上述细胞因子mRNA的表达水平。结果:两组小鼠血脂水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05))。与对照组比较,实验组小鼠血清IL-34水平增加,主动脉和主动脉根部斑块面积增加,斑块内CD3+T细胞和Mac-3+巨噬细胞浸润增多,脾脏Th17细胞亚群比例升高,血清IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6和IL-17A水平升高,主动脉弓IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6和IL-17A mRNA表达水平升高(P均<0.05)。结论:IL-34可升高脾脏Th17细胞亚群比例,促进炎症因子表达,有助于小鼠AS形成。
