In this study,a compact 16-channel integrated charge-sensitive preamplifier named the smart preamplifier(SPA)was developed to support the large-scale detector array used in modern nuclear physics experiments.Two types...In this study,a compact 16-channel integrated charge-sensitive preamplifier named the smart preamplifier(SPA)was developed to support the large-scale detector array used in modern nuclear physics experiments.Two types of SPA,namely SPA02 and SPA03(with external field effect transistor),have been manufactured to match silicon detectors with small and large capacitances,respectively.The characteristics of the SPA include fast response of typically less than 6 ns for pulse rising time and low equivalent noise of 1.5 keV at zero input capacitance.The energy sensitivity and pulse decay time can be easily adjusted by changing the feedback capacitance Cfand resistance Rfin various applications.A good energy resolution of 24.4 keV for 5.803-MeV alpha particles from 244 Cm was achieved using a small-sized Si-PIN detector;for the silicon strip detectors in the test with the alpha source,a typical energy resolution of 0.6–0.8%was achieved.The integrated SPA has been employed in several experiments of silicon strip detectors with hundreds of channels,and a good performance has been realized.展开更多
High precision time measurement is required in the readout of the neutron wall and TOF walls in the external target experiment of the Cooling Storage Ring(CSR) project in the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIR...High precision time measurement is required in the readout of the neutron wall and TOF walls in the external target experiment of the Cooling Storage Ring(CSR) project in the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).Considering the time walk correction,both time and charge are measured in the readout electronics.In this 16-channel measurement module,time and charge information are digitized by TDCs at the same time based on the Time-Over-Threshold(TOT) method;meanwhile,by employing high-density ASIC chips,the electronics complexity is effectively reduced.Test results indicate that this module achieves a time resolution better than 25 ps and a charge resolution better than 5%over the input amplitude range from 50 mV to 3V.展开更多
A 16-channel gated integrator(GI) module following semi-Gaussian shaping amplifiers was developed for high-resolution energy spectroscopy systems at Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.This GI solv...A 16-channel gated integrator(GI) module following semi-Gaussian shaping amplifiers was developed for high-resolution energy spectroscopy systems at Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.This GI solved the ballistic deficit problem by integrating the signal until all the charge was collected from the detector at counting rates up to 100 K.In this paper,a fast shaper was used to optimize the gate logic to ensure nonlinearity of the GI less than 0.17%;and a novel compensation approach,to reduce the charge injection from the switches in the GI; and a T-switch configuration,to eliminate leakage current in the reset switch.展开更多
A CMOS front-end integrated circuit consisting of 16 identical analog channels is proposed for semiconductor radiation detectors. Each of the 16 channels has a low noise charge sensitive amplifier, a pulse shaper, a p...A CMOS front-end integrated circuit consisting of 16 identical analog channels is proposed for semiconductor radiation detectors. Each of the 16 channels has a low noise charge sensitive amplifier, a pulse shaper, a peak detect and hold circuit and a discriminator, while analog voltage and channel address are routed off the chip. It can accommodate both electron and hole collection with selectable gain and peaking time. Sequential and sparse readout, combining with self-trigger and external trigger, makes four readout modes. The circuit is implemented in a 0.35 μm DP4M (double-poly-quad-metal) CMOS technology with an area of 2.5×1.54 mm2 and power dissipation of 60 mW. A single channel chip is tested with Verigy 93000. The gain is adjustable from 13 to 130 mV·fC–1 while the peaking time varies between 0.7 and 1.6 μs. The linearity is more than 99% and the equivalent noise charge is about 600e.展开更多
干扰素-γ诱导蛋白16(interferon gamma-inducible protein 16,IFI16)是含pyrin和造血表达、干扰素诱导特性和核定位(hematopoietic expression,interferon-inducible nature,and nuclear localization,HIN)结构域的蛋白质(pyrin and HI...干扰素-γ诱导蛋白16(interferon gamma-inducible protein 16,IFI16)是含pyrin和造血表达、干扰素诱导特性和核定位(hematopoietic expression,interferon-inducible nature,and nuclear localization,HIN)结构域的蛋白质(pyrin and HIN domain-containing protein,PYHIN)家族的重要成员,其独特的分子结构使其能够识别细胞内的多种核酸分子。作为一种关键的免疫调节因子,IFI16可通过多种途径参与天然免疫信号转导,在宿主抗病毒防御中发挥重要作用。本文综述了IFI16的分子特征及其在天然免疫和病毒感染中的调控机制,为抗病毒感染的治疗靶点及药物开发提供理论依据。展开更多
目的探究血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(secreted frizzled related protein 5,SFRP-5)、C-X-C基序趋化因子配体16(C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16,CXCL16)对心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗后...目的探究血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(secreted frizzled related protein 5,SFRP-5)、C-X-C基序趋化因子配体16(C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16,CXCL16)对心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗后心力衰竭(heart failure,HF)发生的预测价值。方法选取2022年6月至2024年1月于保定市第二中心医院实施PCI治疗的心肌梗死患者152例为研究对象。术后随访1年,根据患者是否发生HF分为HF组和(n=47)非HF组(n=105)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)法检测PCI治疗前患者血清SFRP-5、CXCL16的浓度;采用多因素Logistic回归法分析影响心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生的因素;绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清SFRP-5、CXCL16浓度对心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生的预测价值。结果与非HF组患者比较,HF组患者性别、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、吸烟史、原发性高血压(高血压)史、糖尿病史、收缩压、舒张压及血肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)、空腹血糖、总胆固醇浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血清SFRP-5浓度显著降低,年龄及纤维蛋白原、CXCL16浓度浓度显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄(OR=1.712)、纤维蛋白原(OR=2.240)、CXCL16浓度升高(OR=3.948),SFRP-5浓度降低(OR=0.284)均是影响心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。血清SFRP-5、CXCL16浓度单独预测心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.698(95%CI:0.619~0.770)、0.801(95%CI:0.729~0.861),二者联合预测的AUC为0.952(95%CI:0.905~0.980),灵敏度为91.49%,特异度为91.43%。联合预测价值显著高于单一指标预测(Z_(三者联合-SFRP-5)=5.839、Z_(三者联合-CXCL16)=3.564,P<0.05)。结论血清SFRP-5、CXCL16浓度对心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生具有一定的预测价值,且二者联合的预测价值更高。展开更多
目的 探究16S rDNA不同区间对药品生产环境常见细菌的种水平鉴定能力。方法 计算德国细菌古菌分类学数据库(List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature,LPSN)收录的所有模式菌株序列以及洁净室中常见分离细菌对应的模式...目的 探究16S rDNA不同区间对药品生产环境常见细菌的种水平鉴定能力。方法 计算德国细菌古菌分类学数据库(List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature,LPSN)收录的所有模式菌株序列以及洁净室中常见分离细菌对应的模式菌株在16S rDNA不同区间香农熵,分析16S rDNA不同区间的物种水平鉴定能力;对所有LPSN收录的模式菌株进行相似度差值的比较,同时收集403个具有代表性的药品生产环境分离菌株样品,进行16S rDNA测序后完成相似度差值的比较,基于相似度差值探究16S rDNA不同区间的鉴定结果区分度;考虑到不同区间对不同种属可能存在区分能力的差异,对各区间测序区分度不显著的物种进行了相关性分析。结果 16S rDNA的27F~533R区间相比其他区间(533F~1100R区间、1100F~1492R区间)具有最高的种间分辨率,同时该区间的鉴定结果中,第一顺位与第二顺位的序列相似度差值最大,扩展比对区间对提升物种间的区分度没有显著效果。结论 优先应用16S rDNA的27F~533R区间开展细菌的种水平鉴定是高效、可靠的做法。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0404404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11635015,U1732145,11705285,11805280,U1867212,and 11961131012)the Continuous Basic Scientific Research Project(No.WDJC-2019-13).
文摘In this study,a compact 16-channel integrated charge-sensitive preamplifier named the smart preamplifier(SPA)was developed to support the large-scale detector array used in modern nuclear physics experiments.Two types of SPA,namely SPA02 and SPA03(with external field effect transistor),have been manufactured to match silicon detectors with small and large capacitances,respectively.The characteristics of the SPA include fast response of typically less than 6 ns for pulse rising time and low equivalent noise of 1.5 keV at zero input capacitance.The energy sensitivity and pulse decay time can be easily adjusted by changing the feedback capacitance Cfand resistance Rfin various applications.A good energy resolution of 24.4 keV for 5.803-MeV alpha particles from 244 Cm was achieved using a small-sized Si-PIN detector;for the silicon strip detectors in the test with the alpha source,a typical energy resolution of 0.6–0.8%was achieved.The integrated SPA has been employed in several experiments of silicon strip detectors with hundreds of channels,and a good performance has been realized.
基金Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KJCX2-YW-N27)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11079003)
文摘High precision time measurement is required in the readout of the neutron wall and TOF walls in the external target experiment of the Cooling Storage Ring(CSR) project in the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).Considering the time walk correction,both time and charge are measured in the readout electronics.In this 16-channel measurement module,time and charge information are digitized by TDCs at the same time based on the Time-Over-Threshold(TOT) method;meanwhile,by employing high-density ASIC chips,the electronics complexity is effectively reduced.Test results indicate that this module achieves a time resolution better than 25 ps and a charge resolution better than 5%over the input amplitude range from 50 mV to 3V.
基金Supported by the Important Direction Project of the CAS Knowledge Innovation Program(No.KJCX2-YW-N27)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11005135)
文摘A 16-channel gated integrator(GI) module following semi-Gaussian shaping amplifiers was developed for high-resolution energy spectroscopy systems at Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.This GI solved the ballistic deficit problem by integrating the signal until all the charge was collected from the detector at counting rates up to 100 K.In this paper,a fast shaper was used to optimize the gate logic to ensure nonlinearity of the GI less than 0.17%;and a novel compensation approach,to reduce the charge injection from the switches in the GI; and a T-switch configuration,to eliminate leakage current in the reset switch.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40704025)
文摘A CMOS front-end integrated circuit consisting of 16 identical analog channels is proposed for semiconductor radiation detectors. Each of the 16 channels has a low noise charge sensitive amplifier, a pulse shaper, a peak detect and hold circuit and a discriminator, while analog voltage and channel address are routed off the chip. It can accommodate both electron and hole collection with selectable gain and peaking time. Sequential and sparse readout, combining with self-trigger and external trigger, makes four readout modes. The circuit is implemented in a 0.35 μm DP4M (double-poly-quad-metal) CMOS technology with an area of 2.5×1.54 mm2 and power dissipation of 60 mW. A single channel chip is tested with Verigy 93000. The gain is adjustable from 13 to 130 mV·fC–1 while the peaking time varies between 0.7 and 1.6 μs. The linearity is more than 99% and the equivalent noise charge is about 600e.
文摘干扰素-γ诱导蛋白16(interferon gamma-inducible protein 16,IFI16)是含pyrin和造血表达、干扰素诱导特性和核定位(hematopoietic expression,interferon-inducible nature,and nuclear localization,HIN)结构域的蛋白质(pyrin and HIN domain-containing protein,PYHIN)家族的重要成员,其独特的分子结构使其能够识别细胞内的多种核酸分子。作为一种关键的免疫调节因子,IFI16可通过多种途径参与天然免疫信号转导,在宿主抗病毒防御中发挥重要作用。本文综述了IFI16的分子特征及其在天然免疫和病毒感染中的调控机制,为抗病毒感染的治疗靶点及药物开发提供理论依据。
文摘目的探究血清分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(secreted frizzled related protein 5,SFRP-5)、C-X-C基序趋化因子配体16(C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16,CXCL16)对心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗后心力衰竭(heart failure,HF)发生的预测价值。方法选取2022年6月至2024年1月于保定市第二中心医院实施PCI治疗的心肌梗死患者152例为研究对象。术后随访1年,根据患者是否发生HF分为HF组和(n=47)非HF组(n=105)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)法检测PCI治疗前患者血清SFRP-5、CXCL16的浓度;采用多因素Logistic回归法分析影响心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生的因素;绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清SFRP-5、CXCL16浓度对心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生的预测价值。结果与非HF组患者比较,HF组患者性别、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、吸烟史、原发性高血压(高血压)史、糖尿病史、收缩压、舒张压及血肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)、空腹血糖、总胆固醇浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血清SFRP-5浓度显著降低,年龄及纤维蛋白原、CXCL16浓度浓度显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄(OR=1.712)、纤维蛋白原(OR=2.240)、CXCL16浓度升高(OR=3.948),SFRP-5浓度降低(OR=0.284)均是影响心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。血清SFRP-5、CXCL16浓度单独预测心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.698(95%CI:0.619~0.770)、0.801(95%CI:0.729~0.861),二者联合预测的AUC为0.952(95%CI:0.905~0.980),灵敏度为91.49%,特异度为91.43%。联合预测价值显著高于单一指标预测(Z_(三者联合-SFRP-5)=5.839、Z_(三者联合-CXCL16)=3.564,P<0.05)。结论血清SFRP-5、CXCL16浓度对心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后HF发生具有一定的预测价值,且二者联合的预测价值更高。
