The transition from the vegetative to reproductive stage(flowering)is a critical stage in the life cycle of plants.Transition to flowering is controlled by a complex photoperiod-dependent network.Here,we report the fu...The transition from the vegetative to reproductive stage(flowering)is a critical stage in the life cycle of plants.Transition to flowering is controlled by a complex photoperiod-dependent network.Here,we report the functional analysis of NAC transcription factor ONAC005 as a positive regulator of flowering in rice.An onac005-1 T-DNA insertion mutant showed late flowering only under long-day(LD)conditions,indicating that ONAC005 is an LD-dependent flowering activator.Expression analysis of flowering time genes revealed that ONAC005 negatively regulates expression of OsLFL1,which is a LD-specific repressor of flowering in rice.Consequently,ONAC005 up-regulates expression of downstream genes Ehd1,Hd3a,and RFT1 under LD conditions.ONAC005 physically interacts with previously reported upstream regulators of OsLFL1,OsMADS50 and OsMADS56.Binding assays showed that ONAC005 binds to the promoter regions of OsLFL1.We further found that the ONAC005-OsMADS50-OsMADS56 complex weakly repressed OsLFL1 at the early vegetative stage and then gradually repressed it at the transcriptional level as the plant developed.Taken together,our results suggest that ONAC005 specifically affects flowering under LD-dependent conditions by interacting with an antagonistic protein complex.展开更多
With wide applications of electromagnetic instruments and equipments in medical treatment, scientific re- search and national defense, and daily life items of computers, mobile telephones, and microwave ovens etc, ele...With wide applications of electromagnetic instruments and equipments in medical treatment, scientific re- search and national defense, and daily life items of computers, mobile telephones, and microwave ovens etc, elec- tromagnetic radiations have brought us great benefit. However, there are potential damages with electromagnetic radiations,e.g. the electromagnetic pulse (EMP), which is not ionizing radiation but can cause vibration of atoms or molecules and alter electron energy levels. It has been reported that EMP could decrease the learning and recol- lection ability of mice and rats through inducing metabolic disorder of neurotransmitter in mice brain and affect the brain wave of anesthetized rats. EMP also has some effect on immune, procreation and endocrine system of mice. The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was detected in order to observe the effects of J005A electro- magnetic wave shielding textile (JEWST) on bio-effects of EMP. 48 BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into exposure groups and JEWST protection groups (n=6). EMP was generated from a bounded-wave simulator and transmitted into a GTEM cell in which the mice were exposed. The field intensity was 0, 100, 200 and 400 kV m-1, respectively. The integrity of the BBB was determined by a quantitative measurement of Evans blue (EB) dye. The quantity of penetrated EB in brains of the mice increased obviously after exposure to 100, 200and 400 kV m-1 EMP, compared with the control groups (p<0.0 1). In JEWST prevention groups, the quantity of penetrated EB was significantly decreased after exposure compared with the exposure groups. EMPs of 100, 200 and 400 kV m-1 could increase the permeability of BBB in mice. The J005A electromagnetic wave shieldlng textile may prevent BBB from EMP induced BBB injury in mice.展开更多
基金supported by the Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development (PJ016992 to Nam-Chon Paek)Rural Development Administration,and the National Research Foundation of Korea (2022R1F1A1075022 to Kiyoon Kang),Republic of Korea.
文摘The transition from the vegetative to reproductive stage(flowering)is a critical stage in the life cycle of plants.Transition to flowering is controlled by a complex photoperiod-dependent network.Here,we report the functional analysis of NAC transcription factor ONAC005 as a positive regulator of flowering in rice.An onac005-1 T-DNA insertion mutant showed late flowering only under long-day(LD)conditions,indicating that ONAC005 is an LD-dependent flowering activator.Expression analysis of flowering time genes revealed that ONAC005 negatively regulates expression of OsLFL1,which is a LD-specific repressor of flowering in rice.Consequently,ONAC005 up-regulates expression of downstream genes Ehd1,Hd3a,and RFT1 under LD conditions.ONAC005 physically interacts with previously reported upstream regulators of OsLFL1,OsMADS50 and OsMADS56.Binding assays showed that ONAC005 binds to the promoter regions of OsLFL1.We further found that the ONAC005-OsMADS50-OsMADS56 complex weakly repressed OsLFL1 at the early vegetative stage and then gradually repressed it at the transcriptional level as the plant developed.Taken together,our results suggest that ONAC005 specifically affects flowering under LD-dependent conditions by interacting with an antagonistic protein complex.
文摘With wide applications of electromagnetic instruments and equipments in medical treatment, scientific re- search and national defense, and daily life items of computers, mobile telephones, and microwave ovens etc, elec- tromagnetic radiations have brought us great benefit. However, there are potential damages with electromagnetic radiations,e.g. the electromagnetic pulse (EMP), which is not ionizing radiation but can cause vibration of atoms or molecules and alter electron energy levels. It has been reported that EMP could decrease the learning and recol- lection ability of mice and rats through inducing metabolic disorder of neurotransmitter in mice brain and affect the brain wave of anesthetized rats. EMP also has some effect on immune, procreation and endocrine system of mice. The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was detected in order to observe the effects of J005A electro- magnetic wave shielding textile (JEWST) on bio-effects of EMP. 48 BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into exposure groups and JEWST protection groups (n=6). EMP was generated from a bounded-wave simulator and transmitted into a GTEM cell in which the mice were exposed. The field intensity was 0, 100, 200 and 400 kV m-1, respectively. The integrity of the BBB was determined by a quantitative measurement of Evans blue (EB) dye. The quantity of penetrated EB in brains of the mice increased obviously after exposure to 100, 200and 400 kV m-1 EMP, compared with the control groups (p<0.0 1). In JEWST prevention groups, the quantity of penetrated EB was significantly decreased after exposure compared with the exposure groups. EMPs of 100, 200 and 400 kV m-1 could increase the permeability of BBB in mice. The J005A electromagnetic wave shieldlng textile may prevent BBB from EMP induced BBB injury in mice.
