Background: Early research describing the concept of intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy (IMRT) was based on 7 to 9 beams to reach an adequate level of modulation. Nevertheless, its implementation demands signi...Background: Early research describing the concept of intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy (IMRT) was based on 7 to 9 beams to reach an adequate level of modulation. Nevertheless, its implementation demands significant resources. Our objective was to compare the compliance and homogeneity of target dose distribution between simplified IMRT and 3D-CRT in patients with cervical cancer and to assess the clinical value of simplified IMRT. Materials and Methods: From 2016 to 2017, 17 patients with stage IIB - IIIC cervical cancer were treated with external beam radiotherapy using simplified IMRT (12 cases) or 3DCRT (05 cases) and brachytherapy. Prior to radiotherapy, CT scans were conducted to delineate the target volume. The clinical target volume (CTV) included the uterus, primary tumor, supravaginal portion of the cervix, paracervical tissue, common iliac, internal and external iliac lymph nodes, obturator, and pre sacral lymph nodes, and the surrounding tissues. If the lower vagina was involved, the target volume included the whole vagina. The planning target volume (PTV) included the CTV with 1 cm anteriorly and 0.5 cm in all other directions. The PTV received 95% of 45 Gy (1.8 Gy/25 fraction). Dose-volume histogram, conformity index, homogeneity index, and treatment time per fraction were compared. Results: The 3D-CRT plan was more homogeneous than the simplified IMRT plan, while the simplified IMRT plan was more conformal. The volume of small bowels that received high-dose radiation significantly increased with simplified IMRT compared to 3D-CRT. Treatment time per fraction was 6 and 13 minutes for 3D-CRT and simplified IMRT, respectively. Conclusion: The simplified IMRT treatment plan is technically and dosimetrically acceptable and an alternative to the classic 3D-CRT plan for cervical cancer. It provides better dose distribution than 3D-CRT. However, the 3D-CRT treatment plan significantly reduced the overall treatment time per fraction.展开更多
Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and consists of two distinct cardiac pathologies:ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction...Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and consists of two distinct cardiac pathologies:ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI).[1]In China,AMI is widely recognized as a predominant cause of mortality in both urban and rural demographics,based on the 2022 Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China;moreover,its mortality rate has been reported to be rising,with a recurrence rate of 2.5%within one year.展开更多
According to the severe drop in the planting area of cotton in recent years, cotton variety Yinshan 8 was intercropped with onions and watermelon by using efficient and simplified interplanting cultivation techniques,...According to the severe drop in the planting area of cotton in recent years, cotton variety Yinshan 8 was intercropped with onions and watermelon by using efficient and simplified interplanting cultivation techniques, such as large-scale and intensive planting, mechanized intertillage, integrated management of water and fertilizer, etc. The application of the techniques could reduce production cost, improve the comprehensive benefit of cotton planting, increase farmers＇ income, and promote the sustainable development of rural economy.展开更多
The authors constructed a simplified model of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) carbon assimilation and dry matter accumulation (DMA) process which consisted of two independent variables, day length (L) and total...The authors constructed a simplified model of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) carbon assimilation and dry matter accumulation (DMA) process which consisted of two independent variables, day length (L) and total daily radiation (TDR). Leaf water potential (Ψ) was incorporated into the simplified growth model based on the assumption that both light use efficiency (α) and CO 2 conductance of assimilation (g c) were depressed by water limitation. Finally,Ψ was estimated from a regression equation in which the independent variables were relative soil water content in the upper 80 cm (θ R,80 ), ambient temperature (T a), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), the cumulative leaf water potential below thresholds of -1.5 MPa (Ψ c,1.5 ). Some applications in research program of field experiment of atmosphere_land surface processes in Heihe River region were tested. The simulated data agreed well with the data observed at Linze oasis in 1989 for various levels of water supply and at Zhangye oasis in 1992 in the field. The analysis and simulation using the model demonstrated that the simplified growth model could describe very well the DMA process of spring wheat with and without water limitation in the region of HEIFE (Heihe field experiment).展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to select simplified high-yielding cultivation technology of rice. [Method] The research explored three methods of farmland prepara- tion, transplanting, and fertilization including shallow rot...[Objective] The aim was to select simplified high-yielding cultivation technology of rice. [Method] The research explored three methods of farmland prepara- tion, transplanting, and fertilization including shallow rotary tillage and deep ploughing, mechanical transplanting and hand transplanting, controlled-release fertilizer and quantitative fertilization in order to investigate effects of different treatment groups on rice characteristics, economic characteristics, as well as labor saving, yield increasing and profit improving. [Result] Rice increased by 596.4-809.55 kg/hm2, labor saving reached 120-135 per hm2, and profit improved in the range from 5 521.39 to 8 727.48 yuan/hm2 in the treatment groups by combinations of shallow rotary tillage, mechanical transplanting, and controlled-release fertilizer, of shallow rotary tillage, mechanical transplanting, and quantitative fertilization, and of deep ploughing, mechanical transplanting, and controlled release fertilizer. [Conclusion] The three models are of promising prospects in production.展开更多
地震土体液化一直是岩土动力学中前沿、热点和难点课题。超孔隙水压力(简称超孔压)增长是衡量土体液化进程的重要指标,而超孔压比为1.0常作为饱和砂土液化的参数标志,所以孔压增长模型是模拟饱和砂土液化进程的一个重要要素。以Seed等[1...地震土体液化一直是岩土动力学中前沿、热点和难点课题。超孔隙水压力(简称超孔压)增长是衡量土体液化进程的重要指标,而超孔压比为1.0常作为饱和砂土液化的参数标志,所以孔压增长模型是模拟饱和砂土液化进程的一个重要要素。以Seed等[1]简化孔压增长模型为基础,采用时域非线性方法和“逐循环”累积方法改进孔压增长模型中的土体剪应变和不规则荷载等效循环次数的确定方法。通过算例分析,对比了国内外4种饱和砂土孔压增长模型预测的孔压增长时程曲线,分析结果显示,除了FLAC3D,其他3种模型得到的孔压比增长曲线变化趋势基本一致,且改进模型与近期提出的A.Chiaradonna et al[2]的孔压增长模型计算结果吻合较好,验证了改进模型的可靠性。提出的孔压增长模型可为考虑孔压增长的场地地震反应分析提供支撑。展开更多
In view of the problems of completely depending on rain, low and unstable yield and complicated planting of dry land foxtail millet, the light simplified cultivation techniques of wide row and double ridge with filmin...In view of the problems of completely depending on rain, low and unstable yield and complicated planting of dry land foxtail millet, the light simplified cultivation techniques of wide row and double ridge with filming, fertilizing and sowing on one for foxtail millet was formed through the integration of plastic film mulching technology and mechanized production technology by Institute of Millet crops of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, and the techniques were introduced from the key technologies of pre-sowing preparation, sowing, supporting equipment, field management, harvesting, plastic film recycling.展开更多
目的比较全球领导人营养不良倡议(Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition,GLIM)标准、简化GLIM标准与患者主观整体评估(patient-generated subjective global assessment,PG-SGA)对中晚期恶性肿瘤患者营养不良诊断的一致性,探...目的比较全球领导人营养不良倡议(Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition,GLIM)标准、简化GLIM标准与患者主观整体评估(patient-generated subjective global assessment,PG-SGA)对中晚期恶性肿瘤患者营养不良诊断的一致性,探讨简化GLIM营养诊断流程的临床适用性。方法选取2024年7月至12月南京医科大学附属泰州人民医院肿瘤科收治的180例中晚期恶性肿瘤患者,运用Kappa一致性检验分别比较两种GLIM标准与PG-SGA诊断营养不良的一致性,采用二元Logistic回归分析营养不良的影响因素,通过受试者操作特征曲线确定炎症指标的敏感度、特异性及最佳临界值。结果简化GLIM标准与PG-SGA诊断营养不良的一致性较强(Kappa=0.716,P<0.001);GLIM标准与PG-SGA的一致性一般(Kappa=0.511,P<0.001)。以PG-SGA为参考标准,简化GLIM标准和GLIM标准诊断营养不良的敏感度分别为82.9%和63.4%,特异性分别为94.7%和98.2%,曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.888(95%CI:0.844~0.933)和0.808(95%CI:0.762~0.854)。GLIM标准下,炎症指标:白蛋白(albumin,ALB)<35g/L和C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)>10mg/L是中晚期恶性肿瘤患者营养不良的危险因素,其中ALB<35g/L是其独立危险因素(P=0.002);ALB和CRP联合检测预测中晚期恶性肿瘤患者营养不良的AUC为0.703,敏感度为70.9%,优于ALB和CRP单一指标检测(ALB的AUC为0.697,敏感度为45.6%;CRP的AUC为0.659,敏感度为53.2%),但其特异性低于单一指标检测。结论对中晚期恶性肿瘤患者,符合“炎症或疾病负担”而简化GLIM标准诊断流程是可行的,ALB和CRP联合检测对其营养不良的发生具有一定的预测价值,但其临床适用性仍有待于进一步验证。展开更多
文摘Background: Early research describing the concept of intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy (IMRT) was based on 7 to 9 beams to reach an adequate level of modulation. Nevertheless, its implementation demands significant resources. Our objective was to compare the compliance and homogeneity of target dose distribution between simplified IMRT and 3D-CRT in patients with cervical cancer and to assess the clinical value of simplified IMRT. Materials and Methods: From 2016 to 2017, 17 patients with stage IIB - IIIC cervical cancer were treated with external beam radiotherapy using simplified IMRT (12 cases) or 3DCRT (05 cases) and brachytherapy. Prior to radiotherapy, CT scans were conducted to delineate the target volume. The clinical target volume (CTV) included the uterus, primary tumor, supravaginal portion of the cervix, paracervical tissue, common iliac, internal and external iliac lymph nodes, obturator, and pre sacral lymph nodes, and the surrounding tissues. If the lower vagina was involved, the target volume included the whole vagina. The planning target volume (PTV) included the CTV with 1 cm anteriorly and 0.5 cm in all other directions. The PTV received 95% of 45 Gy (1.8 Gy/25 fraction). Dose-volume histogram, conformity index, homogeneity index, and treatment time per fraction were compared. Results: The 3D-CRT plan was more homogeneous than the simplified IMRT plan, while the simplified IMRT plan was more conformal. The volume of small bowels that received high-dose radiation significantly increased with simplified IMRT compared to 3D-CRT. Treatment time per fraction was 6 and 13 minutes for 3D-CRT and simplified IMRT, respectively. Conclusion: The simplified IMRT treatment plan is technically and dosimetrically acceptable and an alternative to the classic 3D-CRT plan for cervical cancer. It provides better dose distribution than 3D-CRT. However, the 3D-CRT treatment plan significantly reduced the overall treatment time per fraction.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021QH096,ZR2020MH024)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82300354,882070345)+2 种基金the Academic Promotion Program of Shandong First Medical University(2019QL012)the Shandong Taishan Scholarship(to SHY)fund of Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd。
文摘Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and consists of two distinct cardiac pathologies:ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI).[1]In China,AMI is widely recognized as a predominant cause of mortality in both urban and rural demographics,based on the 2022 Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China;moreover,its mortality rate has been reported to be rising,with a recurrence rate of 2.5%within one year.
文摘According to the severe drop in the planting area of cotton in recent years, cotton variety Yinshan 8 was intercropped with onions and watermelon by using efficient and simplified interplanting cultivation techniques, such as large-scale and intensive planting, mechanized intertillage, integrated management of water and fertilizer, etc. The application of the techniques could reduce production cost, improve the comprehensive benefit of cotton planting, increase farmers＇ income, and promote the sustainable development of rural economy.
文摘The authors constructed a simplified model of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) carbon assimilation and dry matter accumulation (DMA) process which consisted of two independent variables, day length (L) and total daily radiation (TDR). Leaf water potential (Ψ) was incorporated into the simplified growth model based on the assumption that both light use efficiency (α) and CO 2 conductance of assimilation (g c) were depressed by water limitation. Finally,Ψ was estimated from a regression equation in which the independent variables were relative soil water content in the upper 80 cm (θ R,80 ), ambient temperature (T a), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), the cumulative leaf water potential below thresholds of -1.5 MPa (Ψ c,1.5 ). Some applications in research program of field experiment of atmosphere_land surface processes in Heihe River region were tested. The simulated data agreed well with the data observed at Linze oasis in 1989 for various levels of water supply and at Zhangye oasis in 1992 in the field. The analysis and simulation using the model demonstrated that the simplified growth model could describe very well the DMA process of spring wheat with and without water limitation in the region of HEIFE (Heihe field experiment).
文摘[Objective] The aim was to select simplified high-yielding cultivation technology of rice. [Method] The research explored three methods of farmland prepara- tion, transplanting, and fertilization including shallow rotary tillage and deep ploughing, mechanical transplanting and hand transplanting, controlled-release fertilizer and quantitative fertilization in order to investigate effects of different treatment groups on rice characteristics, economic characteristics, as well as labor saving, yield increasing and profit improving. [Result] Rice increased by 596.4-809.55 kg/hm2, labor saving reached 120-135 per hm2, and profit improved in the range from 5 521.39 to 8 727.48 yuan/hm2 in the treatment groups by combinations of shallow rotary tillage, mechanical transplanting, and controlled-release fertilizer, of shallow rotary tillage, mechanical transplanting, and quantitative fertilization, and of deep ploughing, mechanical transplanting, and controlled release fertilizer. [Conclusion] The three models are of promising prospects in production.
文摘地震土体液化一直是岩土动力学中前沿、热点和难点课题。超孔隙水压力(简称超孔压)增长是衡量土体液化进程的重要指标,而超孔压比为1.0常作为饱和砂土液化的参数标志,所以孔压增长模型是模拟饱和砂土液化进程的一个重要要素。以Seed等[1]简化孔压增长模型为基础,采用时域非线性方法和“逐循环”累积方法改进孔压增长模型中的土体剪应变和不规则荷载等效循环次数的确定方法。通过算例分析,对比了国内外4种饱和砂土孔压增长模型预测的孔压增长时程曲线,分析结果显示,除了FLAC3D,其他3种模型得到的孔压比增长曲线变化趋势基本一致,且改进模型与近期提出的A.Chiaradonna et al[2]的孔压增长模型计算结果吻合较好,验证了改进模型的可靠性。提出的孔压增长模型可为考虑孔压增长的场地地震反应分析提供支撑。
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program(2014BAD07B01-02)the Science and Technology Demonstration Project of Bohai Granary in Hebei Provincethe Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in Public Interest(201303133-1-6)~~
文摘In view of the problems of completely depending on rain, low and unstable yield and complicated planting of dry land foxtail millet, the light simplified cultivation techniques of wide row and double ridge with filming, fertilizing and sowing on one for foxtail millet was formed through the integration of plastic film mulching technology and mechanized production technology by Institute of Millet crops of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, and the techniques were introduced from the key technologies of pre-sowing preparation, sowing, supporting equipment, field management, harvesting, plastic film recycling.
文摘目的比较全球领导人营养不良倡议(Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition,GLIM)标准、简化GLIM标准与患者主观整体评估(patient-generated subjective global assessment,PG-SGA)对中晚期恶性肿瘤患者营养不良诊断的一致性,探讨简化GLIM营养诊断流程的临床适用性。方法选取2024年7月至12月南京医科大学附属泰州人民医院肿瘤科收治的180例中晚期恶性肿瘤患者,运用Kappa一致性检验分别比较两种GLIM标准与PG-SGA诊断营养不良的一致性,采用二元Logistic回归分析营养不良的影响因素,通过受试者操作特征曲线确定炎症指标的敏感度、特异性及最佳临界值。结果简化GLIM标准与PG-SGA诊断营养不良的一致性较强(Kappa=0.716,P<0.001);GLIM标准与PG-SGA的一致性一般(Kappa=0.511,P<0.001)。以PG-SGA为参考标准,简化GLIM标准和GLIM标准诊断营养不良的敏感度分别为82.9%和63.4%,特异性分别为94.7%和98.2%,曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.888(95%CI:0.844~0.933)和0.808(95%CI:0.762~0.854)。GLIM标准下,炎症指标:白蛋白(albumin,ALB)<35g/L和C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)>10mg/L是中晚期恶性肿瘤患者营养不良的危险因素,其中ALB<35g/L是其独立危险因素(P=0.002);ALB和CRP联合检测预测中晚期恶性肿瘤患者营养不良的AUC为0.703,敏感度为70.9%,优于ALB和CRP单一指标检测(ALB的AUC为0.697,敏感度为45.6%;CRP的AUC为0.659,敏感度为53.2%),但其特异性低于单一指标检测。结论对中晚期恶性肿瘤患者,符合“炎症或疾病负担”而简化GLIM标准诊断流程是可行的,ALB和CRP联合检测对其营养不良的发生具有一定的预测价值,但其临床适用性仍有待于进一步验证。
