The improvement of colorfastness properties of tie dyed cotton knit fabrics with reactive dye has been studied. Pretreated cotton knit fabric is use to dyeing for easy absorption and retention of dye. Color fastness p...The improvement of colorfastness properties of tie dyed cotton knit fabrics with reactive dye has been studied. Pretreated cotton knit fabric is use to dyeing for easy absorption and retention of dye. Color fastness properties of any dyed fabric are very important aspects as the end use of fabric depends on these properties. This study is to evaluate the color fastness to washing and perspiration using the method ISO 105-2CS:2002 and ISO105-E04. The fabric is dyed with reactive dye in same concentration but in two different temperature (30°C and 60°C) and with different amount of sodium carbonate (15 g/l, 18 g/l and 20 g/l) respectively. It is observed that the increasing temperature and using related amount of sodium carbonate the fabric absorbs more dye. In 30°C temperature the result of washing fastness is fairly good to very good where in 60°C the result is very good to excellent. Perspiration fastness result is fairly good to very good both in 30°C and 60°C temperature. The result shows very good of all washing and perspiration fastness in 20 g/l sodium carbonate. The result is concluded that the color fastness of tie-dyed samples is improved by the increasing of temperature and higher amount of sodium carbonate.展开更多
Today is the golden age of fashion. Fashion garments and apparels have been used everywhere to cope with the fashion era. These fashion garments and apparels are made of the fabrics of various structures and component...Today is the golden age of fashion. Fashion garments and apparels have been used everywhere to cope with the fashion era. These fashion garments and apparels are made of the fabrics of various structures and components through various processes. Among them gabardine is one of the most remarkable type of fabric and apparel dyeing is the latest process used for fashion apparel. From this research, the seam strength variations between dyed and un-dyed gabardine apparels after conceding the garment dyeing process can be known. It is a comparative research work which will deliver very effective knowledge about various types of seam, seam strength and seam performance. For comparative study, many dummy apparels body have been produced as samples which are dyed in Hams washing and dyeing limited. After that all samples have tested in Thermax woven dyeing laboratory. Since Bangladesh is a very potential fashion market and the fashion garments are being manufactured more and more. Hence the fashion trend is rapidly going to garments dyeing from conventional fabric/yarn dyeing processes. Gradually garments dyeing order are increasing higher to higher.展开更多
Two activated carbons with controlled pore size were prepared from Eucalyptus wood by physical activation with carbon dioxide, giving the BET surface area and pore volume of738 m2/g and0.39 cm3/g, and921 m2/g and0.53 ...Two activated carbons with controlled pore size were prepared from Eucalyptus wood by physical activation with carbon dioxide, giving the BET surface area and pore volume of738 m2/g and0.39 cm3/g, and921 m2/g and0.53 cm3/g for the carbon sample AC1 and AC2, respectively. These activated carbons were then used to remove the residual dye left after the silk-dyeing process. The dye solution used for adsorption study was a cationic aluminium dye complex of [Al(brazilein)2]+ derived from a mixture of alum and extract of the heartwood of Ceasalpinia sappan Linn., with initial dye concentration of 220 mg/l. Effects of adsorbent dosage, adsorption time and temperature in the range of 25℃40℃ on dye adsorption were investigated. It was found that the adsorption kinetics of this dye complex was best described by the pseudo-second order model. Adsorption isotherms of this dye complex were well fitted by Langmuir isotherm equation. The adsorption capacities for the uptake of this dye complex at 25℃, 30℃ and 40℃ were 718.7, 1240.4 and 1139.5 mg/g and 1010.5, 1586.1 and 1659.0 mg/g for carbon sample AC1 and AC2, respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that activated carbon containing a higher proportion of mesopores gave better dye removal efficiency, emphasizing the fact that a proper pore size distribution of carbon adsorbent is crucial for the effecttive removal of relatively large size of the dye molecules. Thermodynamic parameters, including free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption, were also determined. The adsorption enthalpies for the removal of this dye complex of AC1 and AC2 were 105.3 and 55.6 kJ/mol, respectively, indicating that the adsorption is an endothermic process. It was found that the adsorption of this dye complex is spontaneous at the temperatures under investigation.展开更多
Fluorescence sensors based on a trifluoroacetophone compound doped in ethyl cellulose (EC) thin films have been developed for the detection of methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol (isopropanol, PriOH) vapors. Thin-film s...Fluorescence sensors based on a trifluoroacetophone compound doped in ethyl cellulose (EC) thin films have been developed for the detection of methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol (isopropanol, PriOH) vapors. Thin-film sensors are prepared with 4-dibutylamino-4’-(trifluoroacetyl)stilbene (Chromoionophore IX or CIX) as the fluorescent dye and its solution in EC was spin-coated onto glass slides. The luminescence intensity of the dye (555 nm) is quenched when exposed to alcohol vapor. Tested in the range of ca. 0 - 1.5?× 104 ppm (wt) for MeOH and EtOH, and ca. 0 - 2.3 × 104 ppm for PriOH, the sensors gave detection limits of 9, 13, 21 ppm and quantification limits of 32, 43, and 70 ppm, respectively. To enhance the sensitivity of the sensors, TiO2 particles have been added to the films to induce Mie scattering, which increases the incident light interaction with the sensing films. The sensors in this work have been designed to work in a multianalyte platform for the simultaneous detection of multiple gas analytes.展开更多
This work is devoted to building-up of ultrahigh resolution cw-dye laser spectrometer system. This system used self-frequency-stabilized and temperature-compensated plano-confocal reference cavity. The one-way propaga...This work is devoted to building-up of ultrahigh resolution cw-dye laser spectrometer system. This system used self-frequency-stabilized and temperature-compensated plano-confocal reference cavity. The one-way propagation is achieved using new construction of optical diode. The laser frequency selection and tuning is accomplished using Mach-Zehnder interferometer of free spectral range 42.5 GHz. In combination with computerized tunable radio frequency technique, this system is capable of a resolution of about ±1 KHz. Applications for measuring high lying, weakly occupied metastable states of free atoms (line 548.792 nm of V-51) are investigated to a high degree of accuracy. The results of the constants A and B of the hfs as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy show that A = 160.762 and B = -17.918, while the obtained results for the hfs constants A and B as measured by laser-RF double resonance technique give A = 160.9950 and B = -17.3358.展开更多
This paper investigates the socio-cultural challenges of the small-scale batik and tie-dye production and retailing industry in Ghana. The research is based on a qualitative research approach that employs interviews a...This paper investigates the socio-cultural challenges of the small-scale batik and tie-dye production and retailing industry in Ghana. The research is based on a qualitative research approach that employs interviews and observation for data collection. In all, sixteen (16) participants were sampled through purposive techniques. Data collected were transcribed, classified and analysed through thematic and descriptive analysis. The study found that family roles contradict the business role, pressure from family members, poor support from society members, some religious teachings, age, ethnicity and lifestyle of certain people among others. The study concludes that socio-cultural challenges have led to the collapse of most batik and tie-dye production and retailing sectors leaving thousands of Ghanaians jobless. It recommends among others that producers and retailers of batik and tie-dye must separate family roles from work responsibilities to enable them to perform effectively. Again, family members, parents and peers must desist from putting pressure on the entrepreneurs for freebies and the government must resource NBSSI, GEPA and GSB to have regular in-service training to batik and tie-dye producers and retailers to address poor financial management and technical challenges and also on product quality on the international market.展开更多
Nanosized zero-valent iron (NZVI) supported on the cation exchange resin was synthesized and applied to decompose some water soluble azo dyes. The decomposition efficiency for azo dyes was evaluated by using the aqueo...Nanosized zero-valent iron (NZVI) supported on the cation exchange resin was synthesized and applied to decompose some water soluble azo dyes. The decomposition efficiency for azo dyes was evaluated by using the aqueous suspensions and parked column of this material. Batch experiments indicated that this novel material exhibited excellent degradation ability for 0.05 g·L1 of Acid Orange 7, Acid Orange 8, Acid Orange 10, Sunset Yellow, and Methyl Orange, with decolorization ratio up to 95% in 4 min; pH value was the key factor for degradation and H+ was one of the reactants; adsorption of azo dyes onto the material existed at the beginning but reduced gradually until disappearing completely. For the packed column system, 58%~90% of azo dyes were decomposed in the 1st circle of solution passing through the column, and the adsorption onto the materials could accelerate the degradation azo dyes with the increasing reaction time. During the degradation process, Fe2+, the product of NZVI, was exchanged to the resin again and could be reduced to Fe0 by KBH4 for reusing. The 10th refreshed NZVI possessed reductive activity up to 90% of the newly systhesized NZVI. Decomposing pollutants in the aqueous solution with columns packed with NZVI immobilized on the cation exchange resin is a promising technology that can solve the reclaiming and refreshing problem of NZVI.展开更多
Photoacoustic imaging(PAI) is a non-destructive biomedical imaging technology with broad application prospects. PAI combines the advantages of optical imaging and ultrasound imaging with high selectivity and deep pene...Photoacoustic imaging(PAI) is a non-destructive biomedical imaging technology with broad application prospects. PAI combines the advantages of optical imaging and ultrasound imaging with high selectivity and deep penetration to overcome the high scattering limitation of light in tissues. This emerging technology also achieves high-resolution and high-contrast imaging of deep tissue in vivo. Recently, photoacoustic(PA) probes based on organic dyes have emerged prominently in biosensing and bioimaging due to their excellent optical properties and structural adaptability. This paper gives an outline of the basic PAI principles and focuses on the application of organic-dye-based PA probes for molecular detection and in vivo imaging. The advantages of PAI technology and the drawbacks of current PA probes are then summarized. Finally, the prospects for application are evaluated considering the potential challenges in the biomedical fields.展开更多
In order to study the effect of mixing dye in ferroelectric liquid crystal （FLC） materials, the phase transition temperature and electro-optical properties of azo dye doped FLC samples have been investigated. All th...In order to study the effect of mixing dye in ferroelectric liquid crystal （FLC） materials, the phase transition temperature and electro-optical properties of azo dye doped FLC samples have been investigated. All the properties have been found to be changed drastically. The results have revealed that not only the SmC^＊- SmA^＊ transition temperature decreased markedly by the addition of azo-dye, but also dye-doped FLC had lower threshold voltage and saturation voltage than the pure FLC.展开更多
文摘The improvement of colorfastness properties of tie dyed cotton knit fabrics with reactive dye has been studied. Pretreated cotton knit fabric is use to dyeing for easy absorption and retention of dye. Color fastness properties of any dyed fabric are very important aspects as the end use of fabric depends on these properties. This study is to evaluate the color fastness to washing and perspiration using the method ISO 105-2CS:2002 and ISO105-E04. The fabric is dyed with reactive dye in same concentration but in two different temperature (30°C and 60°C) and with different amount of sodium carbonate (15 g/l, 18 g/l and 20 g/l) respectively. It is observed that the increasing temperature and using related amount of sodium carbonate the fabric absorbs more dye. In 30°C temperature the result of washing fastness is fairly good to very good where in 60°C the result is very good to excellent. Perspiration fastness result is fairly good to very good both in 30°C and 60°C temperature. The result shows very good of all washing and perspiration fastness in 20 g/l sodium carbonate. The result is concluded that the color fastness of tie-dyed samples is improved by the increasing of temperature and higher amount of sodium carbonate.
文摘Today is the golden age of fashion. Fashion garments and apparels have been used everywhere to cope with the fashion era. These fashion garments and apparels are made of the fabrics of various structures and components through various processes. Among them gabardine is one of the most remarkable type of fabric and apparel dyeing is the latest process used for fashion apparel. From this research, the seam strength variations between dyed and un-dyed gabardine apparels after conceding the garment dyeing process can be known. It is a comparative research work which will deliver very effective knowledge about various types of seam, seam strength and seam performance. For comparative study, many dummy apparels body have been produced as samples which are dyed in Hams washing and dyeing limited. After that all samples have tested in Thermax woven dyeing laboratory. Since Bangladesh is a very potential fashion market and the fashion garments are being manufactured more and more. Hence the fashion trend is rapidly going to garments dyeing from conventional fabric/yarn dyeing processes. Gradually garments dyeing order are increasing higher to higher.
文摘Two activated carbons with controlled pore size were prepared from Eucalyptus wood by physical activation with carbon dioxide, giving the BET surface area and pore volume of738 m2/g and0.39 cm3/g, and921 m2/g and0.53 cm3/g for the carbon sample AC1 and AC2, respectively. These activated carbons were then used to remove the residual dye left after the silk-dyeing process. The dye solution used for adsorption study was a cationic aluminium dye complex of [Al(brazilein)2]+ derived from a mixture of alum and extract of the heartwood of Ceasalpinia sappan Linn., with initial dye concentration of 220 mg/l. Effects of adsorbent dosage, adsorption time and temperature in the range of 25℃40℃ on dye adsorption were investigated. It was found that the adsorption kinetics of this dye complex was best described by the pseudo-second order model. Adsorption isotherms of this dye complex were well fitted by Langmuir isotherm equation. The adsorption capacities for the uptake of this dye complex at 25℃, 30℃ and 40℃ were 718.7, 1240.4 and 1139.5 mg/g and 1010.5, 1586.1 and 1659.0 mg/g for carbon sample AC1 and AC2, respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that activated carbon containing a higher proportion of mesopores gave better dye removal efficiency, emphasizing the fact that a proper pore size distribution of carbon adsorbent is crucial for the effecttive removal of relatively large size of the dye molecules. Thermodynamic parameters, including free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption, were also determined. The adsorption enthalpies for the removal of this dye complex of AC1 and AC2 were 105.3 and 55.6 kJ/mol, respectively, indicating that the adsorption is an endothermic process. It was found that the adsorption of this dye complex is spontaneous at the temperatures under investigation.
文摘Fluorescence sensors based on a trifluoroacetophone compound doped in ethyl cellulose (EC) thin films have been developed for the detection of methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol (isopropanol, PriOH) vapors. Thin-film sensors are prepared with 4-dibutylamino-4’-(trifluoroacetyl)stilbene (Chromoionophore IX or CIX) as the fluorescent dye and its solution in EC was spin-coated onto glass slides. The luminescence intensity of the dye (555 nm) is quenched when exposed to alcohol vapor. Tested in the range of ca. 0 - 1.5?× 104 ppm (wt) for MeOH and EtOH, and ca. 0 - 2.3 × 104 ppm for PriOH, the sensors gave detection limits of 9, 13, 21 ppm and quantification limits of 32, 43, and 70 ppm, respectively. To enhance the sensitivity of the sensors, TiO2 particles have been added to the films to induce Mie scattering, which increases the incident light interaction with the sensing films. The sensors in this work have been designed to work in a multianalyte platform for the simultaneous detection of multiple gas analytes.
文摘This work is devoted to building-up of ultrahigh resolution cw-dye laser spectrometer system. This system used self-frequency-stabilized and temperature-compensated plano-confocal reference cavity. The one-way propagation is achieved using new construction of optical diode. The laser frequency selection and tuning is accomplished using Mach-Zehnder interferometer of free spectral range 42.5 GHz. In combination with computerized tunable radio frequency technique, this system is capable of a resolution of about ±1 KHz. Applications for measuring high lying, weakly occupied metastable states of free atoms (line 548.792 nm of V-51) are investigated to a high degree of accuracy. The results of the constants A and B of the hfs as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy show that A = 160.762 and B = -17.918, while the obtained results for the hfs constants A and B as measured by laser-RF double resonance technique give A = 160.9950 and B = -17.3358.
文摘This paper investigates the socio-cultural challenges of the small-scale batik and tie-dye production and retailing industry in Ghana. The research is based on a qualitative research approach that employs interviews and observation for data collection. In all, sixteen (16) participants were sampled through purposive techniques. Data collected were transcribed, classified and analysed through thematic and descriptive analysis. The study found that family roles contradict the business role, pressure from family members, poor support from society members, some religious teachings, age, ethnicity and lifestyle of certain people among others. The study concludes that socio-cultural challenges have led to the collapse of most batik and tie-dye production and retailing sectors leaving thousands of Ghanaians jobless. It recommends among others that producers and retailers of batik and tie-dye must separate family roles from work responsibilities to enable them to perform effectively. Again, family members, parents and peers must desist from putting pressure on the entrepreneurs for freebies and the government must resource NBSSI, GEPA and GSB to have regular in-service training to batik and tie-dye producers and retailers to address poor financial management and technical challenges and also on product quality on the international market.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20537020)
文摘Nanosized zero-valent iron (NZVI) supported on the cation exchange resin was synthesized and applied to decompose some water soluble azo dyes. The decomposition efficiency for azo dyes was evaluated by using the aqueous suspensions and parked column of this material. Batch experiments indicated that this novel material exhibited excellent degradation ability for 0.05 g·L1 of Acid Orange 7, Acid Orange 8, Acid Orange 10, Sunset Yellow, and Methyl Orange, with decolorization ratio up to 95% in 4 min; pH value was the key factor for degradation and H+ was one of the reactants; adsorption of azo dyes onto the material existed at the beginning but reduced gradually until disappearing completely. For the packed column system, 58%~90% of azo dyes were decomposed in the 1st circle of solution passing through the column, and the adsorption onto the materials could accelerate the degradation azo dyes with the increasing reaction time. During the degradation process, Fe2+, the product of NZVI, was exchanged to the resin again and could be reduced to Fe0 by KBH4 for reusing. The 10th refreshed NZVI possessed reductive activity up to 90% of the newly systhesized NZVI. Decomposing pollutants in the aqueous solution with columns packed with NZVI immobilized on the cation exchange resin is a promising technology that can solve the reclaiming and refreshing problem of NZVI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21890744)the Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province (2016WK2002, 2016RS2009)
文摘Photoacoustic imaging(PAI) is a non-destructive biomedical imaging technology with broad application prospects. PAI combines the advantages of optical imaging and ultrasound imaging with high selectivity and deep penetration to overcome the high scattering limitation of light in tissues. This emerging technology also achieves high-resolution and high-contrast imaging of deep tissue in vivo. Recently, photoacoustic(PA) probes based on organic dyes have emerged prominently in biosensing and bioimaging due to their excellent optical properties and structural adaptability. This paper gives an outline of the basic PAI principles and focuses on the application of organic-dye-based PA probes for molecular detection and in vivo imaging. The advantages of PAI technology and the drawbacks of current PA probes are then summarized. Finally, the prospects for application are evaluated considering the potential challenges in the biomedical fields.
基金supported by the National"973"Project of China under Grant No.2003CB314704.
文摘In order to study the effect of mixing dye in ferroelectric liquid crystal （FLC） materials, the phase transition temperature and electro-optical properties of azo dye doped FLC samples have been investigated. All the properties have been found to be changed drastically. The results have revealed that not only the SmC^＊- SmA^＊ transition temperature decreased markedly by the addition of azo-dye, but also dye-doped FLC had lower threshold voltage and saturation voltage than the pure FLC.
