Aimed at the problem of adaptive noise canceling(ANC),three implementary algorithms which are least mean square(LMS) algorithm,recursive least square(RLS) algorithm and fast affine projection(FAP) algorithm,have been ...Aimed at the problem of adaptive noise canceling(ANC),three implementary algorithms which are least mean square(LMS) algorithm,recursive least square(RLS) algorithm and fast affine projection(FAP) algorithm,have been researched.The simulations were made for the performance of these algorithms.The extraction of fetal electrocardiogram(FECG) is applied to compare the application effect of the above algorithms.The proposed FAP algorithm has obvious advantages in computational complexity,convergence speed and steadystate error.展开更多
Daily, we experience the effects of audio noise, which contaminates the original information bearing signal with noise from its surrounding environment. This paper focuses on real-time hardware implementation of multi...Daily, we experience the effects of audio noise, which contaminates the original information bearing signal with noise from its surrounding environment. This paper focuses on real-time hardware implementation of multi-tap adaptive noise cancellation （ANC） system by using the least mean square （LMS） algorithm on TMS320C6713 to remove undesired noise from a received signal for various audio related applications. Three different experiments are carried out by considering different audio inputs to test the efficiency of the designed ANC system. The ＇C＇ code implementation of LMS algorithm is introduced and simulated in code composer studio （CCS）, then realized on the digital signal processor （DSP） C6713. The 300 Hz, 500 Hz, 800 Hz, 1 kHz and 3 kHz of tone signals and male speech signal are used as the reference inputs to trace the noise of signal until it is eliminated. The performance of ANC system is studied in terms of convergence speed, order of the filter and signal-to-noise ratio （SNR）. The experimentam results demonstrate that the designed system shows a consider- able improvement in SNR.展开更多
Nowadays,communication with foreign people isbecoming closer.While,misunderstandings occur frequently inthis process.The main purpose of this essay is to offer some pro-posals on the problem of misunderstandings and c...Nowadays,communication with foreign people isbecoming closer.While,misunderstandings occur frequently inthis process.The main purpose of this essay is to offer some pro-posals on the problem of misunderstandings and conflicts in inter-cultural communication from the aspect of relationship betweenculture and non-verbal communication.展开更多
Establishment of Protected Areas （PAs）, in the face of rapid deforestation, forest degradation and climate change has been one of the key efforts in conservation of biodiversity worldwide in recent times. While Bang...Establishment of Protected Areas （PAs）, in the face of rapid deforestation, forest degradation and climate change has been one of the key efforts in conservation of biodiversity worldwide in recent times. While Bangladesh has gained a degree of prominence in the world for its successful social forestry programs, the concept of collaborative pro- tected area management is rather new in the country, initiated in 2004 by the Bangladesh Forest Department in five PAs with financial assistance from USAID. Based on empirical evidence from three of the pilot PAs, we examined the achievements and associated challenges and prospects for co-management. Our fieldwork revealed a number of challenges faced by co-management institutions： （1） institutions were dominated by the elite group, overshadowing the voice of the community people; （2） mutual trust and collective performance are key to good governance but had not taken root in the PAs; （3） encroachment onto forest land and subsequent conversion to agriculture remained a serious problem that discouraged forest-dependent people from participating actively in co-management initiatives; （4） legal provisions （including acts, rules and policies） were not clearly and adequately disseminated and understood at the community level; （5） there remained a degree of ambiguity regarding the roles and responsibilities of forest department （FD） and co-management committees （CMC） in field operations, and this was not enhancing transparency and accountability of the overall initiative; （6） the long-term sustainability of co-management institutions was another major concern, as the local intuitional structure was still in a nascent stage, and provisioning of resources （either internally or externally） remained somewhat uncertain. We offer recommendations for improve- ment.展开更多
Six circularly polarized patch antennas with electromagnetic band gap（EBG）arranged at different locations were studied.These EBG antennas were compared in terms of impedance bandwidth,axial ratio（AR）bandwidth and ...Six circularly polarized patch antennas with electromagnetic band gap（EBG）arranged at different locations were studied.These EBG antennas were compared in terms of impedance bandwidth,axial ratio（AR）bandwidth and radiation patterns.When the EBG cells were placed closer to the edge of the substrate,the EBG antenna had a larger front radiation and a narrower bandwidth.Integrating the EBG cells closer to the center of the patch resulted in a wider impedance bandwidth,a wider axial ratio bandwidth and a decreased front gain.展开更多
Since anemia is one of the most skyrocketed public health problems worldwide, an investigation has thus been conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among the pregnant women receiving anten...Since anemia is one of the most skyrocketed public health problems worldwide, an investigation has thus been conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among the pregnant women receiving antenatal care (ANC) at Fatima Hospital in Jashore, Bangladesh. Facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 384 pregnant women at Fatima hospital, Bangladesh from February to April, 2019. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire and participant’s current medical record card. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with anemia and a P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significance. The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 58.9% (226/384). Out of 226 anemic pregnant mothers, 36.3% (82/226) were mildly anemic, 62.4% (141/226) were moderately anemic and 1.3% (3/384) was severely anemic. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the following variables were significantly associated with anemia: Monthly family income (11,000 - 20,000 Taka) [AOR (95% CI) = 0.45 (0.21 - 0.98)], Family size (joint) [AOR (95% CI) = 1.59 (1.03 - 2.45)], Gestational age (third trimester) [AOR (95% CI) = 2.18 (1.40 - 3.40)], birth spacing < 2 years [AOR (95% CI) = 2.87 (1.51 - 5.44)], Excessive blood loss during previous surgery (Yes) [AOR (95% CI) = 2.08 (1.14 - 4.17)], Food group eaten 24 hours (1 - 4 groups) [AOR (95% CI) = 3.43 (1.84 - 6.39)], Breakfast regularly (No) [AOR (95% CI) = 3.64 (1.36 - 9.75)]. The results obtained showed that the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women is severe at Fatima Hospital in Jashore, Bangladesh.展开更多
Based on the idea of adaptive noise cancellation (ANC), a second order architecture is proposed for speech enhancement. According as the Information Maximization theory, the corresponding gradient descend algorithm is...Based on the idea of adaptive noise cancellation (ANC), a second order architecture is proposed for speech enhancement. According as the Information Maximization theory, the corresponding gradient descend algorithm is proposed. With real speech signals in the simulation, the new algorithm demonstrates its good performance in speech enhancement. The main advantage of the new architecture is that clean speech signals can be got with less distortion.展开更多
基金the National Key Technologies R&D Program (No. 2006BAI22B01)
文摘Aimed at the problem of adaptive noise canceling(ANC),three implementary algorithms which are least mean square(LMS) algorithm,recursive least square(RLS) algorithm and fast affine projection(FAP) algorithm,have been researched.The simulations were made for the performance of these algorithms.The extraction of fetal electrocardiogram(FECG) is applied to compare the application effect of the above algorithms.The proposed FAP algorithm has obvious advantages in computational complexity,convergence speed and steadystate error.
文摘Daily, we experience the effects of audio noise, which contaminates the original information bearing signal with noise from its surrounding environment. This paper focuses on real-time hardware implementation of multi-tap adaptive noise cancellation （ANC） system by using the least mean square （LMS） algorithm on TMS320C6713 to remove undesired noise from a received signal for various audio related applications. Three different experiments are carried out by considering different audio inputs to test the efficiency of the designed ANC system. The ＇C＇ code implementation of LMS algorithm is introduced and simulated in code composer studio （CCS）, then realized on the digital signal processor （DSP） C6713. The 300 Hz, 500 Hz, 800 Hz, 1 kHz and 3 kHz of tone signals and male speech signal are used as the reference inputs to trace the noise of signal until it is eliminated. The performance of ANC system is studied in terms of convergence speed, order of the filter and signal-to-noise ratio （SNR）. The experimentam results demonstrate that the designed system shows a consider- able improvement in SNR.
文摘Nowadays,communication with foreign people isbecoming closer.While,misunderstandings occur frequently inthis process.The main purpose of this essay is to offer some pro-posals on the problem of misunderstandings and conflicts in inter-cultural communication from the aspect of relationship betweenculture and non-verbal communication.
文摘Establishment of Protected Areas （PAs）, in the face of rapid deforestation, forest degradation and climate change has been one of the key efforts in conservation of biodiversity worldwide in recent times. While Bangladesh has gained a degree of prominence in the world for its successful social forestry programs, the concept of collaborative pro- tected area management is rather new in the country, initiated in 2004 by the Bangladesh Forest Department in five PAs with financial assistance from USAID. Based on empirical evidence from three of the pilot PAs, we examined the achievements and associated challenges and prospects for co-management. Our fieldwork revealed a number of challenges faced by co-management institutions： （1） institutions were dominated by the elite group, overshadowing the voice of the community people; （2） mutual trust and collective performance are key to good governance but had not taken root in the PAs; （3） encroachment onto forest land and subsequent conversion to agriculture remained a serious problem that discouraged forest-dependent people from participating actively in co-management initiatives; （4） legal provisions （including acts, rules and policies） were not clearly and adequately disseminated and understood at the community level; （5） there remained a degree of ambiguity regarding the roles and responsibilities of forest department （FD） and co-management committees （CMC） in field operations, and this was not enhancing transparency and accountability of the overall initiative; （6） the long-term sustainability of co-management institutions was another major concern, as the local intuitional structure was still in a nascent stage, and provisioning of resources （either internally or externally） remained somewhat uncertain. We offer recommendations for improve- ment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61102022)the Fundamental Research Foundation of Beijing Institute of Technology of China(20120542014)
文摘Six circularly polarized patch antennas with electromagnetic band gap（EBG）arranged at different locations were studied.These EBG antennas were compared in terms of impedance bandwidth,axial ratio（AR）bandwidth and radiation patterns.When the EBG cells were placed closer to the edge of the substrate,the EBG antenna had a larger front radiation and a narrower bandwidth.Integrating the EBG cells closer to the center of the patch resulted in a wider impedance bandwidth,a wider axial ratio bandwidth and a decreased front gain.
文摘Since anemia is one of the most skyrocketed public health problems worldwide, an investigation has thus been conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among the pregnant women receiving antenatal care (ANC) at Fatima Hospital in Jashore, Bangladesh. Facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 384 pregnant women at Fatima hospital, Bangladesh from February to April, 2019. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire and participant’s current medical record card. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with anemia and a P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significance. The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 58.9% (226/384). Out of 226 anemic pregnant mothers, 36.3% (82/226) were mildly anemic, 62.4% (141/226) were moderately anemic and 1.3% (3/384) was severely anemic. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the following variables were significantly associated with anemia: Monthly family income (11,000 - 20,000 Taka) [AOR (95% CI) = 0.45 (0.21 - 0.98)], Family size (joint) [AOR (95% CI) = 1.59 (1.03 - 2.45)], Gestational age (third trimester) [AOR (95% CI) = 2.18 (1.40 - 3.40)], birth spacing < 2 years [AOR (95% CI) = 2.87 (1.51 - 5.44)], Excessive blood loss during previous surgery (Yes) [AOR (95% CI) = 2.08 (1.14 - 4.17)], Food group eaten 24 hours (1 - 4 groups) [AOR (95% CI) = 3.43 (1.84 - 6.39)], Breakfast regularly (No) [AOR (95% CI) = 3.64 (1.36 - 9.75)]. The results obtained showed that the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women is severe at Fatima Hospital in Jashore, Bangladesh.
文摘Based on the idea of adaptive noise cancellation (ANC), a second order architecture is proposed for speech enhancement. According as the Information Maximization theory, the corresponding gradient descend algorithm is proposed. With real speech signals in the simulation, the new algorithm demonstrates its good performance in speech enhancement. The main advantage of the new architecture is that clean speech signals can be got with less distortion.
