目的观察化痰祛浊通络方对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血压及一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素1(ET-1)及血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)的影响,探讨其降压作用机制。方法将15月龄SHR随机分为空白对照组、化痰祛浊通络方组和吲达帕胺组,每组各9只。空白对照组予0.9...目的观察化痰祛浊通络方对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血压及一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素1(ET-1)及血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)的影响,探讨其降压作用机制。方法将15月龄SHR随机分为空白对照组、化痰祛浊通络方组和吲达帕胺组,每组各9只。空白对照组予0.9%氯化钠注射液(10 m L/kg)、化痰祛浊通络方组予化痰祛浊通络方水煎液(生药10 m L/kg)、吲达帕胺组予吲达帕胺溶液(10 mg/kg),均每日1次灌服,连续6周。所有大鼠每周测量尾动脉压,给药6周腹主动脉抽血测定血清NO、ET-1及AngⅡ含量。结果给药6周后,化痰祛浊通络方组和吲达帕胺组给药后均可降低SHR收缩压(SP)和舒张压(DP),与空白对照组及本组给药前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);化痰祛浊通络方组及吲达帕胺组ET-1和AngⅡ含量均较本组给药前及空白对照组明显降低,NO含量明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论化痰祛浊通络方能明显降低SHR血压,其机制可能是通过下调ET、AngⅡ含量及上调NO含量来发挥降压作用。展开更多
Background Obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） is the most common cause of resistant hypertension, which has been proposed to result from activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system （RAAS）. We meta-analyzed t...Background Obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） is the most common cause of resistant hypertension, which has been proposed to result from activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system （RAAS）. We meta-analyzed the effects of OSA on plasma levels of RAAS components. Methods Full-text studies published on MEDL1NE and EMBASE analyzing fasting plasma levels of at least one RAAS component in adults with OSA with or without hypertension. OSA was diagnosed as an apnea-hypopnea index or respiratory disturbance index 〉 5. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and heterogeneity was assessed using the 12 statistic. Results from individual studies were synthesized using inverse variance and pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression were performed, and risk of publication bias was assessed. Results The meta-analysis included 13 studies, of which 10 reported results on renin （n = 470 cases and controls）, 7 on angiotensin II （AnglI, n = 384）, and 9 on aldosterone （n = 439）. AnglI levels were significantly higher in OSA than in controls [mean differences = 3.39 ng/L, 95% CI： 2.00-4.79, P 〈 0.00001], while aldosterone levels were significantly higher in OSA with hypertension than OSA but not with hypertension （mean differences = 1.32 ng/dL, 95% CI： 0.58-2.07, P = 0.0005）. Meta-analysis of all studies suggested no significant differences in aldosterone between OSA and controls, but a significant pooled mean difference of 1.35 ng/mL （95% CI： 0.88-1.82, P 〈 0.00001） emerged after excluding one small-sample study. No significant risk of publication bias was detected among all included studies. Conelusions OSA is associated with higher AnglI and aldosterone levels, espe- cially in hypertensive patients. OSA may cause hypertension, at least in part, by stimulating RAAS activity.展开更多
Objective.To investigate the effects of several vasoactive peptides on the development of arterial restenosis after balloon angioplasty. Methods. In rat aortic artery restenosis model produced by denudation of aortic ...Objective.To investigate the effects of several vasoactive peptides on the development of arterial restenosis after balloon angioplasty. Methods. In rat aortic artery restenosis model produced by denudation of aortic endothelia,we observed changes of endothelin(ET),angiotensin II(AII),calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)and adrenomedullin(Adm)in plasma and aorta with radioimmunoassay and expression of hypertension-related gene(HRG-1)with semi-quantitative RT-PCR,and studied the effects of these peptides on intimal hyperplasia,intima/media ratio and MAPK activities of aortic artery after angioplasty respectively. Furthermore,in cultured cells,we studied the effects of these peptides on vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC) proliferation and expression of HRG-1 of VSMC from spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)and Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)rats with 3H-TdR incorporation and RT-PCR respectively. Results. After angioplasty,the levels of ET and AII in plasma and aorta significantly increased,accompanied with VSMC proliferation and neointima hyperplasia. On day 10 after angioplasty,the levels of ET in plasma and aorta increased by 69% and 124% respectively,compared with sham group(P<0.01);and the level of aortic AII increased by 80%(P< 0.01). Antiserum against ET or inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)could significantly inhibit the proliferation of VSMC and neointima formation. Compared with the sham group,on day 3 after angioplasty,the CGRP levels in plasma and aorta increased by 64% and 89% respectively(P< 0.01)and the Adm levels in plasma and tissue increased by 129% and 102% respectively(P< 0.01). On day 10,intravenous administration of CGRP significantly inhibited the proliferation of VSMC and neointima forma-tion induced by balloon aortic injury(by 66% and 79% respectively,P< 0.01). In addition,ET and AII attenuated the expression of HRG-1 in aorta and stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity,while CGRP and Adm potentiated the expression of HRG-1 and inhibited MAPK.Conclusions. ET and AII can stimulate the proliferation of injured intima while CGRP and Adm have an anti-hyperplasia effect after angioplasty. These 4 peptides are involved in the regulation of VSMC proliferation and affect the development of vascular restenosis by regulating the expression of HRG-1 and MAPK activity.展开更多
Objective Radiation-induced lung injury （RILl） is the most common, dose-limiting complication in thoracic malignancy radiotherapy. Considering its negative impact on patients and restrictions to efficacy, the mechan...Objective Radiation-induced lung injury （RILl） is the most common, dose-limiting complication in thoracic malignancy radiotherapy. Considering its negative impact on patients and restrictions to efficacy, the mechanism of RILl was studied. Methods Wistar rats were locally irradiated with a single dose of 0, 16, and 20 Gy to the right half of the lung to establish a lung injury model. Two and six months after irradiation, the right half of the rat lung tissue was removed, and the concentrations of TGF-[31, angiotensin II, and aldosterone were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Statistical differences were observed in the expression levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone between the non-irradiation and irradiation groups. Moreover, the expression level of the angiotensin II-aldosterone system increased with increasing doses, and the difference was still observed as time progressed. Conclusions Angiotensin II-aldosterone system has an important pathophysiological function in the progression of RILI.展开更多
Acute aortic dissection(AAD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease caused by progressive medial degeneration of the aortic wall. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1(ADAMTS1) is a re...Acute aortic dissection(AAD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease caused by progressive medial degeneration of the aortic wall. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1(ADAMTS1) is a recently identified extracellular metalloproteinase participating in the development of vascular disease, such as atherosclerosis. In the present study, we found that ADAMTS1 was significantly elevated in blood samples from AAD patients compared with patients with acute myocardial infarction and healthy volunteers. Based on these findings, we established an AAD model by infusing angiotensin II in older mice. AAD was successfully developed in aorta tissues, with an incidence of 42% after 14 days in the angiotensin II group. Macrophage and neutrophil infiltration was observed in the media of the aorta, and ADAMTS1 overexpression was found in the aorta by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Double immunofluorescence staining showed the expression of ADAMTS1 in macrophages and neutrophils. Consistent with the upregulation of ADAMTS1 in aortic dissection tissues, versican(a proteoglycan substrate of ADAMTS1) was degraded significantly more in these tissues than in control aortic tissues. These data suggest that the increased expression of ADAMTS1 protein in macrophages and neutrophils that infiltrated aortic tissues may promote the progression of AAD by degrading versican.展开更多
An abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA) is a permanent, localized dilatation of the abdominal aorta. In western countries, the morbidity of AAA is approximately 8%. Currently, pharmacotherapies for AAA are limited. Here, we...An abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA) is a permanent, localized dilatation of the abdominal aorta. In western countries, the morbidity of AAA is approximately 8%. Currently, pharmacotherapies for AAA are limited. Here, we demonstrate that baicalein(BAI), the main component of the Chinese traditional drug "Huang Qin", attenuates the incidence and severity of AAA in Apoe儃/儃 mice infused with angiotensin II(AngII). Mechanically, BAI treatment decreases AngII-induced reactive oxygen species(ROS) production in the aortic wall. Moreover, BAI inhibits inflammatory cell accumulation in the aortas of mice infused with AngII. It also inhibits AngII-induced activation of matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2) and MMP-9 to maintain elastin content in vivo. In addition, it blocks AngII cascade by downregulating angiotensin type 1 receptor(AT1R) and inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs). Taken together, our findings show that BAI is an effective agent for AAA prevention.展开更多
The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases.Geminin regulates DNA replication and cell cycle progression and plays a key role in the ...The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases.Geminin regulates DNA replication and cell cycle progression and plays a key role in the proliferation of cancer cells.We therefore hypothesized that geminin regulates the proliferation of VSMCs.The present study demonstrates that the level of geminin expression was low in quiescent VSMCs(approximately 90% and 10% of cells in the G1 and in S/G2/M phases of the cell cycle,respectively),increased as more cells entered in S/G2/M,and then decreased as cells exited S/G2/M.Further,angiotensin II and norepinephrine stimulated expression of geminin in VSMCs.However,the DNA content,nuclear morphology,percentage of cells at different stages of the cell cycle,and rate of proliferation of VSMCs from which geminin was either depleted or overexpressed were all similar.These findings indicate geminin functions differently in VSMCs than it does in cancer cell lines and that it may provide a target for treating cancers without affecting normal cells.展开更多
文摘目的观察化痰祛浊通络方对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血压及一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素1(ET-1)及血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)的影响,探讨其降压作用机制。方法将15月龄SHR随机分为空白对照组、化痰祛浊通络方组和吲达帕胺组,每组各9只。空白对照组予0.9%氯化钠注射液(10 m L/kg)、化痰祛浊通络方组予化痰祛浊通络方水煎液(生药10 m L/kg)、吲达帕胺组予吲达帕胺溶液(10 mg/kg),均每日1次灌服,连续6周。所有大鼠每周测量尾动脉压,给药6周腹主动脉抽血测定血清NO、ET-1及AngⅡ含量。结果给药6周后,化痰祛浊通络方组和吲达帕胺组给药后均可降低SHR收缩压(SP)和舒张压(DP),与空白对照组及本组给药前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);化痰祛浊通络方组及吲达帕胺组ET-1和AngⅡ含量均较本组给药前及空白对照组明显降低,NO含量明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论化痰祛浊通络方能明显降低SHR血压,其机制可能是通过下调ET、AngⅡ含量及上调NO含量来发挥降压作用。
文摘Background Obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） is the most common cause of resistant hypertension, which has been proposed to result from activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system （RAAS）. We meta-analyzed the effects of OSA on plasma levels of RAAS components. Methods Full-text studies published on MEDL1NE and EMBASE analyzing fasting plasma levels of at least one RAAS component in adults with OSA with or without hypertension. OSA was diagnosed as an apnea-hypopnea index or respiratory disturbance index 〉 5. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and heterogeneity was assessed using the 12 statistic. Results from individual studies were synthesized using inverse variance and pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression were performed, and risk of publication bias was assessed. Results The meta-analysis included 13 studies, of which 10 reported results on renin （n = 470 cases and controls）, 7 on angiotensin II （AnglI, n = 384）, and 9 on aldosterone （n = 439）. AnglI levels were significantly higher in OSA than in controls [mean differences = 3.39 ng/L, 95% CI： 2.00-4.79, P 〈 0.00001], while aldosterone levels were significantly higher in OSA with hypertension than OSA but not with hypertension （mean differences = 1.32 ng/dL, 95% CI： 0.58-2.07, P = 0.0005）. Meta-analysis of all studies suggested no significant differences in aldosterone between OSA and controls, but a significant pooled mean difference of 1.35 ng/mL （95% CI： 0.88-1.82, P 〈 0.00001） emerged after excluding one small-sample study. No significant risk of publication bias was detected among all included studies. Conelusions OSA is associated with higher AnglI and aldosterone levels, espe- cially in hypertensive patients. OSA may cause hypertension, at least in part, by stimulating RAAS activity.
基金This work was supported by the research grants from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (39870355).This work was originally published in National Medical Journal of China(2001 18: 162-167)in Chinese.
文摘Objective.To investigate the effects of several vasoactive peptides on the development of arterial restenosis after balloon angioplasty. Methods. In rat aortic artery restenosis model produced by denudation of aortic endothelia,we observed changes of endothelin(ET),angiotensin II(AII),calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)and adrenomedullin(Adm)in plasma and aorta with radioimmunoassay and expression of hypertension-related gene(HRG-1)with semi-quantitative RT-PCR,and studied the effects of these peptides on intimal hyperplasia,intima/media ratio and MAPK activities of aortic artery after angioplasty respectively. Furthermore,in cultured cells,we studied the effects of these peptides on vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC) proliferation and expression of HRG-1 of VSMC from spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)and Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)rats with 3H-TdR incorporation and RT-PCR respectively. Results. After angioplasty,the levels of ET and AII in plasma and aorta significantly increased,accompanied with VSMC proliferation and neointima hyperplasia. On day 10 after angioplasty,the levels of ET in plasma and aorta increased by 69% and 124% respectively,compared with sham group(P<0.01);and the level of aortic AII increased by 80%(P< 0.01). Antiserum against ET or inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)could significantly inhibit the proliferation of VSMC and neointima formation. Compared with the sham group,on day 3 after angioplasty,the CGRP levels in plasma and aorta increased by 64% and 89% respectively(P< 0.01)and the Adm levels in plasma and tissue increased by 129% and 102% respectively(P< 0.01). On day 10,intravenous administration of CGRP significantly inhibited the proliferation of VSMC and neointima forma-tion induced by balloon aortic injury(by 66% and 79% respectively,P< 0.01). In addition,ET and AII attenuated the expression of HRG-1 in aorta and stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity,while CGRP and Adm potentiated the expression of HRG-1 and inhibited MAPK.Conclusions. ET and AII can stimulate the proliferation of injured intima while CGRP and Adm have an anti-hyperplasia effect after angioplasty. These 4 peptides are involved in the regulation of VSMC proliferation and affect the development of vascular restenosis by regulating the expression of HRG-1 and MAPK activity.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30900384)Education Bureau Foundation of Liaoning Province,China (No.2009a723)
文摘Objective Radiation-induced lung injury （RILl） is the most common, dose-limiting complication in thoracic malignancy radiotherapy. Considering its negative impact on patients and restrictions to efficacy, the mechanism of RILl was studied. Methods Wistar rats were locally irradiated with a single dose of 0, 16, and 20 Gy to the right half of the lung to establish a lung injury model. Two and six months after irradiation, the right half of the rat lung tissue was removed, and the concentrations of TGF-[31, angiotensin II, and aldosterone were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Statistical differences were observed in the expression levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone between the non-irradiation and irradiation groups. Moreover, the expression level of the angiotensin II-aldosterone system increased with increasing doses, and the difference was still observed as time progressed. Conclusions Angiotensin II-aldosterone system has an important pathophysiological function in the progression of RILI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81170287)
文摘Acute aortic dissection(AAD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease caused by progressive medial degeneration of the aortic wall. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1(ADAMTS1) is a recently identified extracellular metalloproteinase participating in the development of vascular disease, such as atherosclerosis. In the present study, we found that ADAMTS1 was significantly elevated in blood samples from AAD patients compared with patients with acute myocardial infarction and healthy volunteers. Based on these findings, we established an AAD model by infusing angiotensin II in older mice. AAD was successfully developed in aorta tissues, with an incidence of 42% after 14 days in the angiotensin II group. Macrophage and neutrophil infiltration was observed in the media of the aorta, and ADAMTS1 overexpression was found in the aorta by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Double immunofluorescence staining showed the expression of ADAMTS1 in macrophages and neutrophils. Consistent with the upregulation of ADAMTS1 in aortic dissection tissues, versican(a proteoglycan substrate of ADAMTS1) was degraded significantly more in these tissues than in control aortic tissues. These data suggest that the increased expression of ADAMTS1 protein in macrophages and neutrophils that infiltrated aortic tissues may promote the progression of AAD by degrading versican.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571193,81422002,91339201)
文摘An abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA) is a permanent, localized dilatation of the abdominal aorta. In western countries, the morbidity of AAA is approximately 8%. Currently, pharmacotherapies for AAA are limited. Here, we demonstrate that baicalein(BAI), the main component of the Chinese traditional drug "Huang Qin", attenuates the incidence and severity of AAA in Apoe儃/儃 mice infused with angiotensin II(AngII). Mechanically, BAI treatment decreases AngII-induced reactive oxygen species(ROS) production in the aortic wall. Moreover, BAI inhibits inflammatory cell accumulation in the aortas of mice infused with AngII. It also inhibits AngII-induced activation of matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2) and MMP-9 to maintain elastin content in vivo. In addition, it blocks AngII cascade by downregulating angiotensin type 1 receptor(AT1R) and inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs). Taken together, our findings show that BAI is an effective agent for AAA prevention.
基金supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (5102040)
文摘The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases.Geminin regulates DNA replication and cell cycle progression and plays a key role in the proliferation of cancer cells.We therefore hypothesized that geminin regulates the proliferation of VSMCs.The present study demonstrates that the level of geminin expression was low in quiescent VSMCs(approximately 90% and 10% of cells in the G1 and in S/G2/M phases of the cell cycle,respectively),increased as more cells entered in S/G2/M,and then decreased as cells exited S/G2/M.Further,angiotensin II and norepinephrine stimulated expression of geminin in VSMCs.However,the DNA content,nuclear morphology,percentage of cells at different stages of the cell cycle,and rate of proliferation of VSMCs from which geminin was either depleted or overexpressed were all similar.These findings indicate geminin functions differently in VSMCs than it does in cancer cell lines and that it may provide a target for treating cancers without affecting normal cells.
