【目的】揭示大明山常绿阔叶林灾后恢复中冠层结构的空间变化规律及空间异质性动态,为监测灾后受损森林生态系统的恢复能力及灾后管理提供理论依据。【方法】对2008年特大冰冻干扰后大明山常绿阔叶林的林冠结构进行了连续4年的监测,采...【目的】揭示大明山常绿阔叶林灾后恢复中冠层结构的空间变化规律及空间异质性动态,为监测灾后受损森林生态系统的恢复能力及灾后管理提供理论依据。【方法】对2008年特大冰冻干扰后大明山常绿阔叶林的林冠结构进行了连续4年的监测,采用半变异函数和Moran’s I指数对其林冠开度(Canopy openness,CO)和叶面积指数(Leaf area index,LAI)进行空间异质性和空间自相关性分析。【结果】冰冻干扰后4年间,大明山常绿阔叶林林冠开度的均值先减小后微弱增加,叶面积指数的均值先增加后微弱减小,2011年林冠开度最小、叶面积指数最大。半变异函数的指数模型和球状模型可较好地描述各年度样地林冠开度和叶面积指数的空间异质性。2011年和2012年林冠开度的空间变异程度大幅增加,结构性因素引起的空间变异大于随机因素;2010年叶面积指数的空间异质性大幅度增加,但随后两年其空间异质性大幅度降低并趋于稳定,空间异质性尺度较小且主要由结构性因素引起。【结论】在灾后恢复的第3~4年间,大明山常绿阔叶林冠层结构已有较大恢复,但恢复程度在空间上的变异极大。随着恢复演替的进行,大明山常绿阔叶林林冠结构在空间上向着越来越不均匀的方向发展,而叶面积指数则逐渐趋于稳定。展开更多
Eucalyptus forests are grown in many parts of the world for their commercial value and use in construction projects. Density management becomes im- portant as a means to attain the management goals in these forests. C...Eucalyptus forests are grown in many parts of the world for their commercial value and use in construction projects. Density management becomes im- portant as a means to attain the management goals in these forests. Changes in canopy and tree crown structure were quantified for Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis forests at different ages to determine when canopy closure occurs and the onset of competition begins. Site index was developed for these forests to determine whether site quality affects the canopy structure. Site index had little effect in the forests sampled, with the forest canopy on the better sites becoming slightly more elongated. Based upon crown projection ratio and crown diameter： dbh （diameter at breast height） ratio, it appears that crown closure occurs by age 4 years in these forests. The age at which this occurs was also checked and verified with the evaluation of relative spacing, RS （the ratio of the mean distance between trees to the average dominant height of the stand）. The RS value displayed a rapid decline until age 4 years, and then became relatively flat through age 21 years. The rapid height growth during the first 3 years with no change in density accounted for this rapid decrease. By age 4 years, reductions in the number of trees due to mortality began to have more of an influence on this value, resulting in a more gradual de- cline. The implications for management are discussed.展开更多
文摘【目的】揭示大明山常绿阔叶林灾后恢复中冠层结构的空间变化规律及空间异质性动态,为监测灾后受损森林生态系统的恢复能力及灾后管理提供理论依据。【方法】对2008年特大冰冻干扰后大明山常绿阔叶林的林冠结构进行了连续4年的监测,采用半变异函数和Moran’s I指数对其林冠开度(Canopy openness,CO)和叶面积指数(Leaf area index,LAI)进行空间异质性和空间自相关性分析。【结果】冰冻干扰后4年间,大明山常绿阔叶林林冠开度的均值先减小后微弱增加,叶面积指数的均值先增加后微弱减小,2011年林冠开度最小、叶面积指数最大。半变异函数的指数模型和球状模型可较好地描述各年度样地林冠开度和叶面积指数的空间异质性。2011年和2012年林冠开度的空间变异程度大幅增加,结构性因素引起的空间变异大于随机因素;2010年叶面积指数的空间异质性大幅度增加,但随后两年其空间异质性大幅度降低并趋于稳定,空间异质性尺度较小且主要由结构性因素引起。【结论】在灾后恢复的第3~4年间,大明山常绿阔叶林冠层结构已有较大恢复,但恢复程度在空间上的变异极大。随着恢复演替的进行,大明山常绿阔叶林林冠结构在空间上向着越来越不均匀的方向发展,而叶面积指数则逐渐趋于稳定。
基金Supported by Undergraduate Research Abroad Program,Ohio State University,USA(11731-011000)~~
文摘Eucalyptus forests are grown in many parts of the world for their commercial value and use in construction projects. Density management becomes im- portant as a means to attain the management goals in these forests. Changes in canopy and tree crown structure were quantified for Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis forests at different ages to determine when canopy closure occurs and the onset of competition begins. Site index was developed for these forests to determine whether site quality affects the canopy structure. Site index had little effect in the forests sampled, with the forest canopy on the better sites becoming slightly more elongated. Based upon crown projection ratio and crown diameter： dbh （diameter at breast height） ratio, it appears that crown closure occurs by age 4 years in these forests. The age at which this occurs was also checked and verified with the evaluation of relative spacing, RS （the ratio of the mean distance between trees to the average dominant height of the stand）. The RS value displayed a rapid decline until age 4 years, and then became relatively flat through age 21 years. The rapid height growth during the first 3 years with no change in density accounted for this rapid decrease. By age 4 years, reductions in the number of trees due to mortality began to have more of an influence on this value, resulting in a more gradual de- cline. The implications for management are discussed.
