目的采用加速溶剂萃取方法构建快速高效的小米多酚提取方法,并探究小米多酚类化合物的组成及滋味成分。方法采用加速溶剂萃取方法,以小米粉为原料,基于加速溶剂萃取仪,分析乙醇体积分数、萃取温度和萃取时间对提取的小米多酚含量的影响...目的采用加速溶剂萃取方法构建快速高效的小米多酚提取方法,并探究小米多酚类化合物的组成及滋味成分。方法采用加速溶剂萃取方法,以小米粉为原料,基于加速溶剂萃取仪,分析乙醇体积分数、萃取温度和萃取时间对提取的小米多酚含量的影响,并对提取工艺参数进行响应面优化,通过超高效液相色谱三重四极杆/线性离子阱质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole/linear ion trap mass spectrometry,UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS)对所得小米多酚的组成及滋味成分进行分析。结果加速溶剂萃取法提取小米多酚的最优工艺参数为:乙醇体积分数为59%、萃取时间10 min、萃取温度60℃,此条件下小米多酚含量达(2.90±0.01)mg/g。UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS从小米中共鉴定出822种多酚类化合物,其中黄酮类化合物最多,占总多酚类化合物的47.20%;其次为酚酸类化合物,占42.09%。将822种多酚类化合物与滋味库进行对比,发现其中能够呈现滋味的有16种,分别是2-甲氧基-4-甲基苯酚、水杨酸、苯甲酸、苯甲酰胺、芥子酸、熊果苷、咖啡酸、没食子酸、苯醋酸乙酯、查尔酮、水飞蓟素、白杨素、杨梅素、槲皮素、6-甲基香豆素、双香豆素。结论以加速溶剂萃取法结合响应面分析提取小米多酚的方法是可行的,该方法简便省时,是小米提取多酚的有效途径。本研究系统地定性了小米多酚的组成成分及其种类,明确了部分多酚类化合物的滋味,为小米多酚的组成及小米滋味的研究提供一定的理论依据。展开更多
The study of peach fruit quality and biochemical composition of cultivars and hybrids were conducted in terms of the steppe zone of Crimea. A total of 40 cultivars and hybrids from five periods of ripening were analyz...The study of peach fruit quality and biochemical composition of cultivars and hybrids were conducted in terms of the steppe zone of Crimea. A total of 40 cultivars and hybrids from five periods of ripening were analyzed for content of basic biochemical components： solids, sugars, acids, polyphenolic compounds and vitamin C. The main fruit quality parameters： the size, the attractive appearance, the consistency flesh, the stone adherence to flesh, taste and others have been evaluated. As a result of studies peach cultivars with a high content of sugar in the fruit under the steppe Crimea have highlighted： Kremlyovskiy （13.6）, Regina （13.2）, Velvet （12.9）, hybrids C7/38 （13.1） and C4/57 （12.9）. Cultivars and hybrids of peach 10607, C1/227 C7/38, C7/6, C8/162, C4/147, C16/87, C4/64, Early Red Haven, Miorita, 7/221, Kremlyovskiy, 10848 are characterized by the best biochemical and morphological indices of fruits. They are recommended for State cultivar testing or use in breeding work to improve the quality of peach fruits.展开更多
文摘目的采用加速溶剂萃取方法构建快速高效的小米多酚提取方法,并探究小米多酚类化合物的组成及滋味成分。方法采用加速溶剂萃取方法,以小米粉为原料,基于加速溶剂萃取仪,分析乙醇体积分数、萃取温度和萃取时间对提取的小米多酚含量的影响,并对提取工艺参数进行响应面优化,通过超高效液相色谱三重四极杆/线性离子阱质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole/linear ion trap mass spectrometry,UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS)对所得小米多酚的组成及滋味成分进行分析。结果加速溶剂萃取法提取小米多酚的最优工艺参数为:乙醇体积分数为59%、萃取时间10 min、萃取温度60℃,此条件下小米多酚含量达(2.90±0.01)mg/g。UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS从小米中共鉴定出822种多酚类化合物,其中黄酮类化合物最多,占总多酚类化合物的47.20%;其次为酚酸类化合物,占42.09%。将822种多酚类化合物与滋味库进行对比,发现其中能够呈现滋味的有16种,分别是2-甲氧基-4-甲基苯酚、水杨酸、苯甲酸、苯甲酰胺、芥子酸、熊果苷、咖啡酸、没食子酸、苯醋酸乙酯、查尔酮、水飞蓟素、白杨素、杨梅素、槲皮素、6-甲基香豆素、双香豆素。结论以加速溶剂萃取法结合响应面分析提取小米多酚的方法是可行的,该方法简便省时,是小米提取多酚的有效途径。本研究系统地定性了小米多酚的组成成分及其种类,明确了部分多酚类化合物的滋味,为小米多酚的组成及小米滋味的研究提供一定的理论依据。
基金This study was funded by the research grant No. 14-50-00079 of the Russian Science Foundation.
文摘The study of peach fruit quality and biochemical composition of cultivars and hybrids were conducted in terms of the steppe zone of Crimea. A total of 40 cultivars and hybrids from five periods of ripening were analyzed for content of basic biochemical components： solids, sugars, acids, polyphenolic compounds and vitamin C. The main fruit quality parameters： the size, the attractive appearance, the consistency flesh, the stone adherence to flesh, taste and others have been evaluated. As a result of studies peach cultivars with a high content of sugar in the fruit under the steppe Crimea have highlighted： Kremlyovskiy （13.6）, Regina （13.2）, Velvet （12.9）, hybrids C7/38 （13.1） and C4/57 （12.9）. Cultivars and hybrids of peach 10607, C1/227 C7/38, C7/6, C8/162, C4/147, C16/87, C4/64, Early Red Haven, Miorita, 7/221, Kremlyovskiy, 10848 are characterized by the best biochemical and morphological indices of fruits. They are recommended for State cultivar testing or use in breeding work to improve the quality of peach fruits.
