[Objective] To study optimal harvest period of Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29. [Method] The optimal harvest periods of the two cucumber culti- vars, Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29, were investigated through ...[Objective] To study optimal harvest period of Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29. [Method] The optimal harvest periods of the two cucumber culti- vars, Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29, were investigated through analyzing the changes of fruit appearance （vertical diameter, transverse diameter） and quality （contents of soluble protein, soluble saccharide, and vitamin C） in the entire course of fruit growth. [Result] Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29 grew at the fastest rate during the 5-10 d of life. The longitudinal and transverse diameter increased with time. The protein and vitamin C content of cucumber was： Zhongnong No.19 reached the highest in 8d, then decreased and became stable, while Zhongnong No.29 reached the highest in 8d, then decreased and increased again. Soluble sac- charide content of Zhongnong No.19 first rose then fell and rose again; Zhongnong No.29 had two peaks. [Conclusion] Based on the physiological and morphological index, the eighth day after blooming was the optimal harvest day for Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29 fresh fruits.展开更多
The dried leaves of Apocynum venetum L. （AVL） is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used as antihypertensive medicine in China. Accurate determination of its best harvest season is important for its effective and...The dried leaves of Apocynum venetum L. （AVL） is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used as antihypertensive medicine in China. Accurate determination of its best harvest season is important for its effective and safe use. In the present study, we developed a reliable method based on high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electro spray ionization-ion trap-time of flight （HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF） mass spectrometry and HPLC-DAD for the identification and quantification of major components in AVL leaves. Quantitative analysis of 24 samples collected weekly helped monitor the changes of compounds dynamically in AVL leaves to determine the best harvest season. A total of 30 compounds were identified, including quinic acid, five phenolic acids and 24 flavonoids. For the first time, 16 compounds were selected as marker compounds and simultaneously monitored weekly instead of monthly during the growth of the plant. The results showed that in May the leaves had the highest amount of phenolic acids, flavonoids and total compounds. Therefore, May should be the best harvest season for AVL leaves, which was distinct from previous studies. The established method was validated to be simple, accurate and precise, and thus it was of great importance for determination of the best harvest season.展开更多
The effects of quality and content of fly ash on the early-age cracking behavior of high-flowing concrete （HFC） were investigated. The early-age cracking behavior of the HFC was analyzed by combining the tests of ev...The effects of quality and content of fly ash on the early-age cracking behavior of high-flowing concrete （HFC） were investigated. The early-age cracking behavior of the HFC was analyzed by combining the tests of evaporation capacity and electrical resistivity of the HFC. In these tests, a modified flat-type specimen was adopted. The results show that the HFC will have a lower evaporation capacity when it is mixed with fine fly ash, while it will have a higher evaporation capacity when grade II! fly ash is used as mineral admixture. And the electrical resistivity rate of HFC reduces with the increase of the content of fly ash. A nonlinear relationship exists between the cracking time of HFC and the minimum electrical resistivity. The early-age cracking behavior of HFC with fly ash can be enhanced by appropriately increasing the fine particle content and MgO, K2O, and SO3 contents of fly ash. The optimal content of fly ash, which makes a satisfied early-age cracking behavior of HFC, is obtained. And when the content of fly ash exceeds a critical value, the early-age cracking behavior of HFC will rapidly decrease.展开更多
Objective There are still a high proportion of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） missing out early reperfusion even in the primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） era. Most ...Objective There are still a high proportion of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） missing out early reperfusion even in the primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） era. Most of them are stable latecomers, but the optimal time to undergo delayed PCI for stable ones remains controversial. Methods We investigated all STEMI patients who underwent delayed PCI （2-28 days after STEMI） during 2007-2010 in Beijing and excluded patients with hemodynamic instability. The primary outcome was maj or adverse cardiovascular events （MACEs）. Results This study finally enrolled 5,417 STEMI patients and assigned them into three groups according to individual delayed time （Early group, 55.9%; Medium group, 35.4%; Late group, 8.7%）. During 1-year follow-up, MACEs occurred in 319 patients. The incidence of MACEs were respectively 7.1%, 5.6% and 6.7% among three groups. The Medium group had less recurrent myocardial infarction plus cardiac death （hazard ratio, 0.525; 95% confidence interval, 0.294-0.938, P = 0.030） than Late group and less repeat revascularization （hazard ratio, 0.640; 95% confidence interval, 0.463-0.883, P = 0.007） than Early group in pairwise comparisons. We depicted the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event （MACE） by delayed time as a quadratic curve and found the bottom appeared at day 14. Conclusions The delayed PCI time varied in the real-world practice, but undergoing operations on the second week after STEMI had greater survival benefit and less adverse events for whom without early reperfusion and hemodynamic instability.展开更多
This paper is concerned with partially-observed optimal control problems for stochastic delay systems. Combining Girsanov's theorem with a standard variational technique, the authors obtain a maximum principle on ...This paper is concerned with partially-observed optimal control problems for stochastic delay systems. Combining Girsanov's theorem with a standard variational technique, the authors obtain a maximum principle on the assumption that the system equation contains time delay and the control domain is convex. The related adjoint processes are characterized as solutions to anticipated backward stochastic differential equations in finite-dimensional spaces. Then, the proposed theoretical result is applied to study partially-observed linear-quadratic optimal control problem for stochastic delay system and an explicit observable control variable is given.展开更多
Background:We utilized transcystic clearance and intra-operative papillotomy through a rendezvous technique for the treatment of cholecysto-choledocolithiasis.The goal of this study was to evaluate the reliability of ...Background:We utilized transcystic clearance and intra-operative papillotomy through a rendezvous technique for the treatment of cholecysto-choledocolithiasis.The goal of this study was to evaluate the reliability of pre-operative parameters to address the most suitable surgical procedure.Methods:A total of 180 patients affected by calculi of the gallbladder and bile duct underwent the single-stage treatment.According to several pre-operative parameters,141 patients had to supposedly undergo transcystic clearance of the bile duct,while 39 patients had to be treated with the rendezvous technique.All patients were treated with the sequential procedure:first,we tried the transcystic procedure and,if there was a failure,we used a rendezvous technique.We prospectively analysed each group based on a series of variables such as sex,age,operative time,success rate of proposed treatment,conversion rate,post-operative complications and hospital stay.Results:Transcystic clearance was successful in 134 out of 141 patients(95.0%),while 2 patients needed to undergo a laparo-endoscopy procedure(failure).Thirty-five out of 39 patients(89.7%)obtained common bile-duct(CBD)clearance through the rendezvous technique,while 1 patient obtained clean-up through the simple transcystic procedure(failure).Five out of 141 patients with transcystic clearance and 3 out of 39 patients with the rendezvous technique underwent laparotomy CBD clearance with conversion rates of 3.5%and 7.7%,respectively.Post-operative complications showed similar percentages for both procedures.However,the surgical time turned out to be longer for the rendezvous technique.Conclusions:The one-stage procedure for the treatment of cholecysto-choledocolithiasis was possible in 94%of the cases utilizing a surgical technique selected according to the patient’s case history.The pre-operative parameters,such as jaundice,CBD diameters and stone diameters,have certified their reliability as good predictors of the most suitable procedure to follow.展开更多
基金Supported by the Key Research Project of Yunnan Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture(Ynavc201403)~~
文摘[Objective] To study optimal harvest period of Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29. [Method] The optimal harvest periods of the two cucumber culti- vars, Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29, were investigated through analyzing the changes of fruit appearance （vertical diameter, transverse diameter） and quality （contents of soluble protein, soluble saccharide, and vitamin C） in the entire course of fruit growth. [Result] Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29 grew at the fastest rate during the 5-10 d of life. The longitudinal and transverse diameter increased with time. The protein and vitamin C content of cucumber was： Zhongnong No.19 reached the highest in 8d, then decreased and became stable, while Zhongnong No.29 reached the highest in 8d, then decreased and increased again. Soluble sac- charide content of Zhongnong No.19 first rose then fell and rose again; Zhongnong No.29 had two peaks. [Conclusion] Based on the physiological and morphological index, the eighth day after blooming was the optimal harvest day for Zhongnong No.19 and Zhongnong No.29 fresh fruits.
基金Initiative Drug Discovery of National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2014ZX09304307-001-011)
文摘The dried leaves of Apocynum venetum L. （AVL） is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used as antihypertensive medicine in China. Accurate determination of its best harvest season is important for its effective and safe use. In the present study, we developed a reliable method based on high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electro spray ionization-ion trap-time of flight （HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF） mass spectrometry and HPLC-DAD for the identification and quantification of major components in AVL leaves. Quantitative analysis of 24 samples collected weekly helped monitor the changes of compounds dynamically in AVL leaves to determine the best harvest season. A total of 30 compounds were identified, including quinic acid, five phenolic acids and 24 flavonoids. For the first time, 16 compounds were selected as marker compounds and simultaneously monitored weekly instead of monthly during the growth of the plant. The results showed that in May the leaves had the highest amount of phenolic acids, flavonoids and total compounds. Therefore, May should be the best harvest season for AVL leaves, which was distinct from previous studies. The established method was validated to be simple, accurate and precise, and thus it was of great importance for determination of the best harvest season.
基金Project(50478003)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2002F007)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China
文摘The effects of quality and content of fly ash on the early-age cracking behavior of high-flowing concrete （HFC） were investigated. The early-age cracking behavior of the HFC was analyzed by combining the tests of evaporation capacity and electrical resistivity of the HFC. In these tests, a modified flat-type specimen was adopted. The results show that the HFC will have a lower evaporation capacity when it is mixed with fine fly ash, while it will have a higher evaporation capacity when grade II! fly ash is used as mineral admixture. And the electrical resistivity rate of HFC reduces with the increase of the content of fly ash. A nonlinear relationship exists between the cracking time of HFC and the minimum electrical resistivity. The early-age cracking behavior of HFC with fly ash can be enhanced by appropriately increasing the fine particle content and MgO, K2O, and SO3 contents of fly ash. The optimal content of fly ash, which makes a satisfied early-age cracking behavior of HFC, is obtained. And when the content of fly ash exceeds a critical value, the early-age cracking behavior of HFC will rapidly decrease.
文摘Objective There are still a high proportion of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） missing out early reperfusion even in the primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） era. Most of them are stable latecomers, but the optimal time to undergo delayed PCI for stable ones remains controversial. Methods We investigated all STEMI patients who underwent delayed PCI （2-28 days after STEMI） during 2007-2010 in Beijing and excluded patients with hemodynamic instability. The primary outcome was maj or adverse cardiovascular events （MACEs）. Results This study finally enrolled 5,417 STEMI patients and assigned them into three groups according to individual delayed time （Early group, 55.9%; Medium group, 35.4%; Late group, 8.7%）. During 1-year follow-up, MACEs occurred in 319 patients. The incidence of MACEs were respectively 7.1%, 5.6% and 6.7% among three groups. The Medium group had less recurrent myocardial infarction plus cardiac death （hazard ratio, 0.525; 95% confidence interval, 0.294-0.938, P = 0.030） than Late group and less repeat revascularization （hazard ratio, 0.640; 95% confidence interval, 0.463-0.883, P = 0.007） than Early group in pairwise comparisons. We depicted the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event （MACE） by delayed time as a quadratic curve and found the bottom appeared at day 14. Conclusions The delayed PCI time varied in the real-world practice, but undergoing operations on the second week after STEMI had greater survival benefit and less adverse events for whom without early reperfusion and hemodynamic instability.
文摘This paper is concerned with partially-observed optimal control problems for stochastic delay systems. Combining Girsanov's theorem with a standard variational technique, the authors obtain a maximum principle on the assumption that the system equation contains time delay and the control domain is convex. The related adjoint processes are characterized as solutions to anticipated backward stochastic differential equations in finite-dimensional spaces. Then, the proposed theoretical result is applied to study partially-observed linear-quadratic optimal control problem for stochastic delay system and an explicit observable control variable is given.
文摘Background:We utilized transcystic clearance and intra-operative papillotomy through a rendezvous technique for the treatment of cholecysto-choledocolithiasis.The goal of this study was to evaluate the reliability of pre-operative parameters to address the most suitable surgical procedure.Methods:A total of 180 patients affected by calculi of the gallbladder and bile duct underwent the single-stage treatment.According to several pre-operative parameters,141 patients had to supposedly undergo transcystic clearance of the bile duct,while 39 patients had to be treated with the rendezvous technique.All patients were treated with the sequential procedure:first,we tried the transcystic procedure and,if there was a failure,we used a rendezvous technique.We prospectively analysed each group based on a series of variables such as sex,age,operative time,success rate of proposed treatment,conversion rate,post-operative complications and hospital stay.Results:Transcystic clearance was successful in 134 out of 141 patients(95.0%),while 2 patients needed to undergo a laparo-endoscopy procedure(failure).Thirty-five out of 39 patients(89.7%)obtained common bile-duct(CBD)clearance through the rendezvous technique,while 1 patient obtained clean-up through the simple transcystic procedure(failure).Five out of 141 patients with transcystic clearance and 3 out of 39 patients with the rendezvous technique underwent laparotomy CBD clearance with conversion rates of 3.5%and 7.7%,respectively.Post-operative complications showed similar percentages for both procedures.However,the surgical time turned out to be longer for the rendezvous technique.Conclusions:The one-stage procedure for the treatment of cholecysto-choledocolithiasis was possible in 94%of the cases utilizing a surgical technique selected according to the patient’s case history.The pre-operative parameters,such as jaundice,CBD diameters and stone diameters,have certified their reliability as good predictors of the most suitable procedure to follow.
