Traumatic brain injury involves complex pathophysiological mechanisms,among which oxidative stress significantly contributes to the occurrence of secondary injury.In this study,we evaluated hypidone hydrochloride(YL-0...Traumatic brain injury involves complex pathophysiological mechanisms,among which oxidative stress significantly contributes to the occurrence of secondary injury.In this study,we evaluated hypidone hydrochloride(YL-0919),a self-developed antidepressant with selective sigma-1 receptor agonist properties,and its associated mechanisms and targets in traumatic brain injury.Behavioral experiments to assess functional deficits were followed by assessment of neuronal damage through histological analyses and examination of blood-brain barrier permeability and brain edema.Next,we investigated the antioxidative effects of YL-0919 by assessing the levels of traditional markers of oxidative stress in vivo in mice and in vitro in HT22 cells.Finally,the targeted action of YL-0919 was verified by employing a sigma-1 receptor antagonist(BD-1047).Our findings demonstrated that YL-0919 markedly improved deficits in motor function and spatial cognition on day 3 post traumatic brain injury,while also decreasing neuronal mortality and reversing blood-brain barrier disruption and brain edema.Furthermore,YL-0919 effectively combated oxidative stress both in vivo and in vitro.The protective effects of YL-0919 were partially inhibited by BD-1047.These results indicated that YL-0919 relieved impairments in motor and spatial cognition by restraining oxidative stress,a neuroprotective effect that was partially reversed by the sigma-1 receptor antagonist BD-1047.YL-0919 may have potential as a new treatment for traumatic brain injury.展开更多
Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery ...Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.展开更多
Protonic solid oxide electrolysis cells(P-SOECs)are a promising technology for water electrolysis to produce green hydrogen.However,there are still challenges related key materials and anode/electrolyte interface.P-SO...Protonic solid oxide electrolysis cells(P-SOECs)are a promising technology for water electrolysis to produce green hydrogen.However,there are still challenges related key materials and anode/electrolyte interface.P-SOECs with Zr-rich electrolyte,called Zr-rich side P-SOECs,possess high thermodynamically stability under high steam concentrations but the large reaction resistances and the current leakage,thus the inferior performances.In this study,an efficient functional interlayer Ba_(0.95)La_(0.05)Fe_(0.8)Zn_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(BLFZ)in-between the anode and the electrolyte is developed.The electrochemical performances of P-SOECs are greatly enhanced because the BLFZ can greatly increase the interface contact,boost anode reaction kinetics,and increase proton injection into electrolyte.As a result,the P-SOEC yields high current density of 0.83 A cm^(-2) at 600℃ in 1.3 Vamong all the reported Zr-rich side cells.This work not only offers an efficient functional interlayer for P-SOECs but also holds the potential to achieve P-SOECs with high performances and long-term stability.展开更多
The M1/M2 phenotypic shift of microglia after spinal cord injury plays an important role in the regulation of neuroinflammation during the secondary injury phase of spinal cord injury.Regulation of shifting microglia ...The M1/M2 phenotypic shift of microglia after spinal cord injury plays an important role in the regulation of neuroinflammation during the secondary injury phase of spinal cord injury.Regulation of shifting microglia polarization from M1(neurotoxic and proinflammatory type)to M2(neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory type)after spinal cord injury appears to be crucial.Tryptanthrin possesses an anti-inflammatory biological function.However,its roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in spinal cord injury remain unknown.In this study,we found that tryptanthrin inhibited microglia-derived inflammation by promoting polarization to the M2 phenotype in vitro.Tryptanthrin promoted M2 polarization through inactivating the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway.Additionally,we found that targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway with tryptanthrin shifted microglia from the M1 to M2 phenotype after spinal cord injury,inhibited neuronal loss,and promoted tissue repair and functional recovery in a mouse model of spinal cord injury.Finally,using a conditional co-culture system,we found that microglia treated with tryptanthrin suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress-related neuronal apoptosis.Taken together,these results suggest that by targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB axis,tryptanthrin attenuates microglia-derived neuroinflammation and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury through shifting microglia polarization to the M2 phenotype.展开更多
Mutations in the protocadherin-19(PCDH19)gene(Xq22.1)cause the X-linked syndrome known as developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 9(DEE9,OMIM#300088)(Dibbens et al.,2008).DEE9 is characterized by early-onset cluste...Mutations in the protocadherin-19(PCDH19)gene(Xq22.1)cause the X-linked syndrome known as developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 9(DEE9,OMIM#300088)(Dibbens et al.,2008).DEE9 is characterized by early-onset clustering epilepsy associated with intellectual disability ranging from mild to profound,autism spectrum disorder,and other neuropsychiatric features including schizophrenia,anxiety,attentiondeficit/hyperactivity,and obsessive or aggressive behaviors.While seizures may become less frequent in adolescence,psychiatric comorbidities persist and often worsen with age(Dibbens et al.,2008;Kolc et al.,2020).展开更多
Distinct brain remodeling has been found after different nerve reconstruction strategies,including motor representation of the affected limb.However,differences among reconstruction strategies at the brain network lev...Distinct brain remodeling has been found after different nerve reconstruction strategies,including motor representation of the affected limb.However,differences among reconstruction strategies at the brain network level have not been elucidated.This study aimed to explore intranetwork changes related to altered peripheral neural pathways after different nerve reconstruction surgeries,including nerve repair,endto-end nerve transfer,and end-to-side nerve transfer.Sprague–Dawley rats underwent complete left brachial plexus transection and were divided into four equal groups of eight:no nerve repair,grafted nerve repair,phrenic nerve end-to-end transfer,and end-to-side transfer with a graft sutured to the anterior upper trunk.Resting-state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging was obtained 7 months after surgery.The independent component analysis algorithm was utilized to identify group-level network components of interest and extract resting-state functional connectivity values of each voxel within the component.Alterations in intra-network resting-state functional connectivity were compared among the groups.Target muscle reinnervation was assessed by behavioral observation(elbow flexion)and electromyography.The results showed that alterations in the sensorimotor and interoception networks were mostly related to changes in the peripheral neural pathway.Nerve repair was related to enhanced connectivity within the sensorimotor network,while end-to-side nerve transfer might be more beneficial for restoring control over the affected limb by the original motor representation.The thalamic-cortical pathway was enhanced within the interoception network after nerve repair and end-to-end nerve transfer.Brain areas related to cognition and emotion were enhanced after end-to-side nerve transfer.Our study revealed important brain networks related to different nerve reconstructions.These networks may be potential targets for enhancing motor recovery.展开更多
During the initial impoundment period of a canyon-shaped reservoir,the water body fluctuated violently regarding water level,hydrological condition,and thermal stratification.These variations may alter the structure o...During the initial impoundment period of a canyon-shaped reservoir,the water body fluctuated violently regarding water level,hydrological condition,and thermal stratification.These variations may alter the structure of phytoplankton community,resulting in algal blooms and seriously threatening the ecological security of the reservoir.It is of great significance to understand the continuous changes of phytoplankton in the initial impoundment period for the protection of reservoir water quality.Therefore,a two-year in-situ monitoring study was conducted on water quality and phytoplankton in a representative canyonshaped reservoir named Sanhekou and the interannual changes of phytoplankton community and its response to environmental changes during the initial impoundment period were discussed at taxonomic versus functional classification levels.The results showed that the total nitrogen and permanganate index levels were relatively high in the first year due to rapid water storage and heavy rainfall input,and the more stable hydrological conditions in the second year promoted the increase of algae density and the transformation of community,and the proportion of cyanobacteria increased significantly.The succession order of phytoplankton in the first year of the initial impoundment periodwas Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta-Chlorophyta,or J/F/X1-P/MP/W1-A/X1/MP,respectively.And the succession order in the second year was Cyanobacteria/Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta-Chlorophyta,or L_(M)/G/P-P/A/X1-X1/J/G.Water temperature,relativewater column stability,mixing depth,and pHwere crucial factors affecting phytoplankton community succession.This study revealed the interannual succession law and driving factors of phytoplankton in the initial impoundment period and provided an important reference for the operation management and ecological protection of canyon-shaped reservoirs.展开更多
BACKGROUND This case report describes a protocol developed by Danaun Medical Clinic for the introduction of a pioneering intervention comprising intravenous human placen-tal extract(HPE)therapy to improve the liver fu...BACKGROUND This case report describes a protocol developed by Danaun Medical Clinic for the introduction of a pioneering intervention comprising intravenous human placen-tal extract(HPE)therapy to improve the liver function of patients with chronic liver disease(CLD).CASE SUMMARY This study involved data from patients whose chief complaint was reduced quality of life attributable to CLD.The new treatment approach resulted in improvements in the liver function and fatty liver of 30 patients with CLD.Im-provements were observed using abdominal ultrasonography.Unlike traditional methods,this protocol provided more sustainable and meaningful results.Treat-ment with 10 mL of HPE administered intravenously once or twice per week significantly improved liver function.The observed improvements in fatty liver and liver function suggest the utility of this approach for the management of patients with CLD.CONCLUSION This case series highlights the potential of innovative treatments for patients with CLD that could improve the quality of life of the patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury(SCI)often results in irreversible neurological deficits;therefore,effective treatment is urgently needed.Neural stem cells(NSCs)have excellent differentiation potential.However,the role o...BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury(SCI)often results in irreversible neurological deficits;therefore,effective treatment is urgently needed.Neural stem cells(NSCs)have excellent differentiation potential.However,the role of the long noncoding RNA X inactive-specific transcript(XIST)in NSCs and SCI remains unclear.AIM To explore the role of XIST in enhancing NSC function and its therapeutic potential in SCI.METHODS We used in vitro and in vivo models to examine the effects of XIST on NSCs.XIST was overexpressed in NSCs,and its impact on mitochondrial function,neuronal differentiation,and the insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2(IGF2BP2)/carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A(CPT1A)pathway was assessed using a series of biochemical assays,quantitative PCR,and Seahorse XF24 analysis.A mouse model of SCI was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of XIST in vivo.RESULTS Overexpression of XIST in NSCs significantly increased mitochondrial membrane potential,ATP production,and oxygen consumption rate.XIST also promoted NSC proliferation and neuronal differentiation while inhibiting astrocytic differentiation.Mechanistically,XIST regulated CPT1A expression post-transcriptionally by interacting with IGF2BP2.In vivo XIST-treated mice exhibited improved motor scores and reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression following SCI.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggested that XIST modulated mitochondrial function and neural differentiation in NSCs throughthe IGF2BP2/CPT1A pathway. While preliminary in vivo results are encouraging, further studies are needed todetermine the long-term therapeutic relevance and underlying mechanisms of XIST in SCI recovery.展开更多
Introduction: Stroke may have a negative impact on mental health and behavior. Cognitive disorders are common after stroke. They are rarely assessed in current clinical practice, particularly in our context. They cons...Introduction: Stroke may have a negative impact on mental health and behavior. Cognitive disorders are common after stroke. They are rarely assessed in current clinical practice, particularly in our context. They constitute a real “invisible” handicap. In sub-Saharan Africa, we are not aware of any studies specifically assessing executive functions. These functions are at the heart of all adaptation processes to new or complex situations. This prompted the authors to carry out this study at the Ibrahima Pierre Ndiaye Neuroscience Department of the Fann National University Hospital Centre (Senegal). Objective and Methodology: The aim of this study was to assess and characterize post-stroke alterations in executive functions in our context. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. It took place over a 4-month period from April 1 to August 31, 2021. Patients were matched to controls according to age, gender and educational level. Executive functions were assessed using the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Results: A total of 30 patients with stroke were enrolled. These patients were matched to controls. The mean age of the patients was 46.87 ± 17.65 years. For the control group, it was 39.27 ± 12.33 years. The prevalence of executive function disorders was 20% in post-stroke patients. The majority of executive functions assessed were impaired. Sensitivity to interference and environmental autonomy were the only ones preserved. Conclusion: Impaired executive functions are common after stroke. They should be systematically assessed in all stroke patients to ensure optimal management.展开更多
The significant role of square root mapping in probability,statistics,physics,architecture and engineering motivates us to emphasize on a new radical functional equation arising from a square root and reciprocal squar...The significant role of square root mapping in probability,statistics,physics,architecture and engineering motivates us to emphasize on a new radical functional equation arising from a square root and reciprocal square root mappings.The interesting attribute of this equation is that it has both a square root mapping and a reciprocal square root mapping as solutions.We establish that the hyperstabilities of this equation exist using a fixed point alternative theorem.It is also demonstrated with an example that the stability may fail in special cases.展开更多
Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in s...Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in spinal cord injury.Previous studies have shown that microglia can promote neuronal survival by phagocytosing dead cells and debris and by releasing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory factors.However,excessive activation of microglia can lead to persistent inflammation and contribute to the formation of glial scars,which hinder axonal regeneration.Despite this,the precise role and mechanisms of microglia during the acute phase of spinal cord injury remain controversial and poorly understood.To elucidate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury,we employed the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia.We observed that sustained depletion of microglia resulted in an expansion of the lesion area,downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and impaired functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Next,we generated a transgenic mouse line with conditional overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor specifically in microglia.We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia increased angiogenesis and blood flow following spinal cord injury and facilitated the recovery of hindlimb motor function.Additionally,brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the acute phase of spinal cord injury.Furthermore,through using specific transgenic mouse lines,TMEM119,and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX73086,we demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects were predominantly due to brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia rather than macrophages.In conclusion,our findings suggest the critical role of microglia in the formation of protective glial scars.Depleting microglia is detrimental to recovery of spinal cord injury,whereas targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy to enhance motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.展开更多
In this paper,we study asymptotic power series of the composition f(x)=h(g(x)),where g(x)=∑_(n=0)^(∞)b_(n)x^(-n),b_(n)∈R,and h is a given elementary function.The asymptotic expansions have been obtained for the com...In this paper,we study asymptotic power series of the composition f(x)=h(g(x)),where g(x)=∑_(n=0)^(∞)b_(n)x^(-n),b_(n)∈R,and h is a given elementary function.The asymptotic expansions have been obtained for the composition with an exponential or logarithmic function.Using the re-cursive method,we present the asymptotic expansions for the composition with seven trigonometric functions,respectively.As an application,the asymptotic expansions of roots of some equations are given.Computational results show that our recursive formula is more efficient than the method of Lagrange's inverse theorem.展开更多
We have examined the theoretical implications of combining two main and three auxiliary ligands to form several Ir(Ⅲ)complexes featuring a transition metal as their core atom to identify some appropriate organic ligh...We have examined the theoretical implications of combining two main and three auxiliary ligands to form several Ir(Ⅲ)complexes featuring a transition metal as their core atom to identify some appropriate organic lightemitting diode(OLED)materials.By utilizing electronic structure,frontier molecular orbitals,minimum single-line absorption,triplet excited states,and emission spectral data derived from the density functional theory,the usefulness of these Ir(Ⅲ)complexes,including(piq)_(2)Ir(acac),(piq)_(2)Ir(tmd),(piq)_(2)Ir(tpip),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(acac),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tmd),and(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip),in OLEDs was examined,where piq=1-phenylisoquinoline,fpiq=1-(4-fluorophenyl)isoquinoline,acac=(3Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one,tmd=(4Z)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one,and tpip=tetraphenylimido-diphosphonate.These complexes all have low-efficiency roll-off properties,especially(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip).Some researchers have successfully synthesized complexes extremely similar to(piq)_(2)Ir(acac)through the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.展开更多
Background: The sexual function is an essential aspect of life for women irrespective of age because it is closely correlated with overall wellbeing and relationship satisfaction. Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) is a ...Background: The sexual function is an essential aspect of life for women irrespective of age because it is closely correlated with overall wellbeing and relationship satisfaction. Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) is a common public health issue that is defined as one or more problems of female sexual desire, arousal, orgasm and/or sexual pain/discomfort that leads to significant distress. Aim: This study aimed to assess the female sexual function among Libyan women. Methods and materials: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Tripoli University Hospital over six months duration between January and June 2024. It included 314 female participants who attended the hospital during that period. The data underwent analysis and prescription via a computerized program of SPSS version 24. Results: The most frequent age range was between 26 to 35 years accounting for 54.8% (172). The mean duration of marriage was 7.42 years ± 7.228 SD. The majority of participants were multipara accounting for 79.9% (251). Based on the classification of female sexual dysfunction severity, 41.7% (131) of participants had mild to moderate severity followed by 32.2% (101) had mild severity with an overall female sexual dysfunction rate of 81.2% (255). Based on female sexual function characteristics, 28.3% (89) had abnormal desire, 22% (69) had abnormal arousal, 55.4% (174) had abnormal lubrication, 24.5% (77) had undetected orgasm, 23.2% (73) had inappropriate satisfaction and 19.1% (60) had pain. Conclusion: The overall rate of female sexual dysfunction among Libyan women was (81.2%) which is considered high but with low severity, (41.7%) had mild to moderate dysfunction followed by (32.2%) with mild dysfunction. These findings had significant effects on sexual life and marital status which require a basic strategy approach to increase sexual awareness and marital counseling among couples and to avoid adverse sexual dysfunction consequences such as divorce, marital problems, insufficient sexual satisfaction, and psychosocial concern.展开更多
Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions(LUFs)and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use plan...Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions(LUFs)and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use planning.This is especially critical for ecologically vulnerable inland river basins in arid regions.However,existing methods struggle to effectively capture complex nonlinear interactions among environmental factors and their multifaceted relationships with trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,especially for the inland river basins in arid regions.Consequently,this study focused on the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin(MHRB),an arid inland river basin in northwestern China.Using land use,socioeconomic,meteorological,and hydrological data from 2000 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of LUFs and their trade-off and synergy relationships from the perspective of production,living,ecological functions.Additionally,we employed an integrated Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)-SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)framework to investigate the environmental factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs.Our findings reveal that from 2000 to 2020,the production,living,and ecological functions of land use within the MHRB exhibited an increasing trend,demonstrating a distinct spatial pattern of''high in the southwest and low in the northeast''.Significant spatial heterogeneity defined the trade-off and synergistic relationships,with trade-offs dominating human activity-intensive oasis areas,while synergies prevailed in other areas.During the study period,synergistic relationships between production and living functions and between production and ecological functions were relatively robust,whereas synergies in living-ecological functions remained weaker.Natural factors(digital elevation model(DEM),annual mean temperature,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),and annual precipitation)emerged as the primary factors driving the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,followed by socioeconomic factors(population density,Gross Domestic Product(GDP),and land use intensity),while distance factors(distance to water bodies,distance to residential areas,and distance to roads)exerted minimal influence.Notably,the interactions among NDVI,annual mean temperature,DEM,and land use intensity exerted the most substantial impacts on the relationships among LUFs.This study provides novel perspectives and methodologies for unraveling the mechanisms underlying the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,offering scientific insights to inform regional land use planning and sustainable natural resource management in inland river basins in arid regions.展开更多
In this paper,we establish characterizations of α-Bloch functions and little α-Bloch functions on the unit ball as well as the unit polydisk of C^(m),which generalize and improve results of Aulaskari-Lappan,Minda,Au...In this paper,we establish characterizations of α-Bloch functions and little α-Bloch functions on the unit ball as well as the unit polydisk of C^(m),which generalize and improve results of Aulaskari-Lappan,Minda,Aulaskari-Wulan,and Wu.Some examples are also given to complement our theory.展开更多
BACKGROUND Overweight children exhibit a higher prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders compared with their normal-weight peers,yet the underlying reasons remain unclear.Gastrointestinal motility,a key pat...BACKGROUND Overweight children exhibit a higher prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders compared with their normal-weight peers,yet the underlying reasons remain unclear.Gastrointestinal motility,a key pathophysiological factor in functional gastrointestinal disorders,may be influenced by body mass index(BMI).AIM To evaluate the impact of BMI on gastric motility parameters in children with functional abdominal pain disorders(FAPDs).METHODS We assessed gastric motility in 176 children with FAPDs(61.4%females,mean age 7.94 years,SD 1.96 years)and 63 healthy controls(57.1%females,mean age 9.17 years,SD 1.90 years)at the Gastroenterology Research Laboratory,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka.FAPDs were diagnosed and subtyped using the Rome IV criteria:Functional abdominal pain 97 patients;irritable bowel syndrome 39 patients,functional dyspepsia(FD)25 patients;and abdominal migraine 15 patients.Gastric motility was measured using a validated ultrasound method.Weight and height were measured using sensitive standard scales.RESULTS The BMIs of children with FAPDs and controls were 15.04 and 15.46 kg/m^(2),respectively(P=0.33).Fasting antral area(FAA)and antral area at 1 min(AA1)and 15 min(AA15)were significantly greater in patients with FAPD with a higher BMI(2.71 cm^(2),12.57 cm^(2),and 7.19 cm^(2),respectively)compared with those with a lower BMI(2.12 cm^(2),10.68 cm^(2),and 6.13 cm^(2),respectively)(P<0.01).BMI positively correlated with FAA and AA15(r=0.18 and r=0.19,respectively)(P<0.01)in those with FAPDs.In controls,only AA1 was greater in the higher BMI group(12.51 cm^(2)vs 9.93 cm^(2))and had a positive correlation(r=0.33)(P≤0.01).Subgroup analysis revealed that in patients with FD,BMI negatively correlated with gastric emptying rate(GER)(r=-0.59)and antral motility index(MI)(r=-0.49),while in functional abdominal pain,MI positively correlated(r=0.25)with BMI(P≤0.01).CONCLUSION In children with FAPDs,higher BMI was associated with increased gastric antral distention during fasting and postprandial periods(as indicated by FAA,AA1,and AA15)but not with contractility and transit(MI,GER).However,in the FD subgroup,high BMI correlated with reduced GER and MI.This indicates the possible role of BMI in gastric hypomotility and the pathophysiology of FD.These findings underscore the importance of lifestyle and dietary interventions aimed at optimizing BMI in the management of FAPDs,particularly FD.展开更多
The authors regret that an error occurred during the preparation of their article:One of the official databases,which was used for functional trait collections,contained an incorrect term–'chametophytes'–for...The authors regret that an error occurred during the preparation of their article:One of the official databases,which was used for functional trait collections,contained an incorrect term–'chametophytes'–for the life form category'chamaephytes'.Unfortunately,this incorrect term was used throughout the article following the nomenclature of this official database:in one instance in the main text,in Fig.3 and its caption,in Fig.5,and in two instances in the supplementary material.展开更多
MAX series materials,as non-van der Waals layered multi-element compounds,contribute remarkable regulated properties and functional dimension,combining the features of metal and ceramic materials due to their inherent...MAX series materials,as non-van der Waals layered multi-element compounds,contribute remarkable regulated properties and functional dimension,combining the features of metal and ceramic materials due to their inherently laminated crystal structure that Mn+1Xn slabs are intercalated with A element layers.Oriented to the functional requirements of information,intelligence,electrification,and aerospace in the new era,how to accelerate MAX series materials into new quality productive forces?The systematic enhancement of knowledge about MAX series materials is intrinsic to understanding its low-dimensional geometric structure characteristics,and physical and chemical properties,revealing the correlation of composition,structure,and function and further realizing rational design based on simulation and prediction.Diversity also brings complexity to MAX materials research.This review provides substantial tabular information on(Ⅰ)MAX’s research timeline from 1960 to the present,(Ⅱ)structure diversity and classification convention,(Ⅲ)synthesis route exploration,(Ⅳ)prediction based on theory and machine learning,(Ⅴ)properties,and(Ⅵ)functional applications.Herein,the researchers can quickly locate research content and recognize connections and differences of MAX series materials.In addition,the research challenges for the future development of MAX series materials are highlighted.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82204360(to HM)and 82270411(to GW)National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program,No.2021ZD0200900(to YL)。
文摘Traumatic brain injury involves complex pathophysiological mechanisms,among which oxidative stress significantly contributes to the occurrence of secondary injury.In this study,we evaluated hypidone hydrochloride(YL-0919),a self-developed antidepressant with selective sigma-1 receptor agonist properties,and its associated mechanisms and targets in traumatic brain injury.Behavioral experiments to assess functional deficits were followed by assessment of neuronal damage through histological analyses and examination of blood-brain barrier permeability and brain edema.Next,we investigated the antioxidative effects of YL-0919 by assessing the levels of traditional markers of oxidative stress in vivo in mice and in vitro in HT22 cells.Finally,the targeted action of YL-0919 was verified by employing a sigma-1 receptor antagonist(BD-1047).Our findings demonstrated that YL-0919 markedly improved deficits in motor function and spatial cognition on day 3 post traumatic brain injury,while also decreasing neuronal mortality and reversing blood-brain barrier disruption and brain edema.Furthermore,YL-0919 effectively combated oxidative stress both in vivo and in vitro.The protective effects of YL-0919 were partially inhibited by BD-1047.These results indicated that YL-0919 relieved impairments in motor and spatial cognition by restraining oxidative stress,a neuroprotective effect that was partially reversed by the sigma-1 receptor antagonist BD-1047.YL-0919 may have potential as a new treatment for traumatic brain injury.
基金supported by the NIH (R01NS103481, R01NS111776, and R01NS131489)Indiana Department of Health (ISDH58180)(all to WW)。
文摘Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.
基金financial support from the JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(B),No.21H02035KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research(Exploratory),No.21K19017+2 种基金KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas(B),No.21H05100National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.22409033 and No.22409035Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2022A1515110470.
文摘Protonic solid oxide electrolysis cells(P-SOECs)are a promising technology for water electrolysis to produce green hydrogen.However,there are still challenges related key materials and anode/electrolyte interface.P-SOECs with Zr-rich electrolyte,called Zr-rich side P-SOECs,possess high thermodynamically stability under high steam concentrations but the large reaction resistances and the current leakage,thus the inferior performances.In this study,an efficient functional interlayer Ba_(0.95)La_(0.05)Fe_(0.8)Zn_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(BLFZ)in-between the anode and the electrolyte is developed.The electrochemical performances of P-SOECs are greatly enhanced because the BLFZ can greatly increase the interface contact,boost anode reaction kinetics,and increase proton injection into electrolyte.As a result,the P-SOEC yields high current density of 0.83 A cm^(-2) at 600℃ in 1.3 Vamong all the reported Zr-rich side cells.This work not only offers an efficient functional interlayer for P-SOECs but also holds the potential to achieve P-SOECs with high performances and long-term stability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071387(to HT),81971172(to YW)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China,No.LY22H090012(to HT)the Basic Research Project of Wenzhou City,China,No.Y20220923(to MZ)。
文摘The M1/M2 phenotypic shift of microglia after spinal cord injury plays an important role in the regulation of neuroinflammation during the secondary injury phase of spinal cord injury.Regulation of shifting microglia polarization from M1(neurotoxic and proinflammatory type)to M2(neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory type)after spinal cord injury appears to be crucial.Tryptanthrin possesses an anti-inflammatory biological function.However,its roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in spinal cord injury remain unknown.In this study,we found that tryptanthrin inhibited microglia-derived inflammation by promoting polarization to the M2 phenotype in vitro.Tryptanthrin promoted M2 polarization through inactivating the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway.Additionally,we found that targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway with tryptanthrin shifted microglia from the M1 to M2 phenotype after spinal cord injury,inhibited neuronal loss,and promoted tissue repair and functional recovery in a mouse model of spinal cord injury.Finally,using a conditional co-culture system,we found that microglia treated with tryptanthrin suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress-related neuronal apoptosis.Taken together,these results suggest that by targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB axis,tryptanthrin attenuates microglia-derived neuroinflammation and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury through shifting microglia polarization to the M2 phenotype.
基金supported by a grant from Telethon Foundation(grant No.GGP20056 to SB)The generation of Pcdh19 floxed mouse model was funded by Cariplo Foundation(grant No.2014-0972 to SB)。
文摘Mutations in the protocadherin-19(PCDH19)gene(Xq22.1)cause the X-linked syndrome known as developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 9(DEE9,OMIM#300088)(Dibbens et al.,2008).DEE9 is characterized by early-onset clustering epilepsy associated with intellectual disability ranging from mild to profound,autism spectrum disorder,and other neuropsychiatric features including schizophrenia,anxiety,attentiondeficit/hyperactivity,and obsessive or aggressive behaviors.While seizures may become less frequent in adolescence,psychiatric comorbidities persist and often worsen with age(Dibbens et al.,2008;Kolc et al.,2020).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81871836(to MZ),82172554(to XH),and 81802249(to XH),81902301(to JW)the National Key R&D Program of China,Nos.2018YFC2001600(to JX)and 2018YFC2001604(to JX)+3 种基金Shanghai Rising Star Program,No.19QA1409000(to MZ)Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning,No.2018YQ02(to MZ)Shanghai Youth Top Talent Development PlanShanghai“Rising Stars of Medical Talent”Youth Development Program,No.RY411.19.01.10(to XH)。
文摘Distinct brain remodeling has been found after different nerve reconstruction strategies,including motor representation of the affected limb.However,differences among reconstruction strategies at the brain network level have not been elucidated.This study aimed to explore intranetwork changes related to altered peripheral neural pathways after different nerve reconstruction surgeries,including nerve repair,endto-end nerve transfer,and end-to-side nerve transfer.Sprague–Dawley rats underwent complete left brachial plexus transection and were divided into four equal groups of eight:no nerve repair,grafted nerve repair,phrenic nerve end-to-end transfer,and end-to-side transfer with a graft sutured to the anterior upper trunk.Resting-state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging was obtained 7 months after surgery.The independent component analysis algorithm was utilized to identify group-level network components of interest and extract resting-state functional connectivity values of each voxel within the component.Alterations in intra-network resting-state functional connectivity were compared among the groups.Target muscle reinnervation was assessed by behavioral observation(elbow flexion)and electromyography.The results showed that alterations in the sensorimotor and interoception networks were mostly related to changes in the peripheral neural pathway.Nerve repair was related to enhanced connectivity within the sensorimotor network,while end-to-side nerve transfer might be more beneficial for restoring control over the affected limb by the original motor representation.The thalamic-cortical pathway was enhanced within the interoception network after nerve repair and end-to-end nerve transfer.Brain areas related to cognition and emotion were enhanced after end-to-side nerve transfer.Our study revealed important brain networks related to different nerve reconstructions.These networks may be potential targets for enhancing motor recovery.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3203602)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52370018)+1 种基金Shaanxi Provincial Youth Innovation Team Project(No.22JP040)Shaanxi Provincial Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team(No.2023-CX-TD-32).
文摘During the initial impoundment period of a canyon-shaped reservoir,the water body fluctuated violently regarding water level,hydrological condition,and thermal stratification.These variations may alter the structure of phytoplankton community,resulting in algal blooms and seriously threatening the ecological security of the reservoir.It is of great significance to understand the continuous changes of phytoplankton in the initial impoundment period for the protection of reservoir water quality.Therefore,a two-year in-situ monitoring study was conducted on water quality and phytoplankton in a representative canyonshaped reservoir named Sanhekou and the interannual changes of phytoplankton community and its response to environmental changes during the initial impoundment period were discussed at taxonomic versus functional classification levels.The results showed that the total nitrogen and permanganate index levels were relatively high in the first year due to rapid water storage and heavy rainfall input,and the more stable hydrological conditions in the second year promoted the increase of algae density and the transformation of community,and the proportion of cyanobacteria increased significantly.The succession order of phytoplankton in the first year of the initial impoundment periodwas Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta-Chlorophyta,or J/F/X1-P/MP/W1-A/X1/MP,respectively.And the succession order in the second year was Cyanobacteria/Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta-Chlorophyta,or L_(M)/G/P-P/A/X1-X1/J/G.Water temperature,relativewater column stability,mixing depth,and pHwere crucial factors affecting phytoplankton community succession.This study revealed the interannual succession law and driving factors of phytoplankton in the initial impoundment period and provided an important reference for the operation management and ecological protection of canyon-shaped reservoirs.
文摘BACKGROUND This case report describes a protocol developed by Danaun Medical Clinic for the introduction of a pioneering intervention comprising intravenous human placen-tal extract(HPE)therapy to improve the liver function of patients with chronic liver disease(CLD).CASE SUMMARY This study involved data from patients whose chief complaint was reduced quality of life attributable to CLD.The new treatment approach resulted in improvements in the liver function and fatty liver of 30 patients with CLD.Im-provements were observed using abdominal ultrasonography.Unlike traditional methods,this protocol provided more sustainable and meaningful results.Treat-ment with 10 mL of HPE administered intravenously once or twice per week significantly improved liver function.The observed improvements in fatty liver and liver function suggest the utility of this approach for the management of patients with CLD.CONCLUSION This case series highlights the potential of innovative treatments for patients with CLD that could improve the quality of life of the patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury(SCI)often results in irreversible neurological deficits;therefore,effective treatment is urgently needed.Neural stem cells(NSCs)have excellent differentiation potential.However,the role of the long noncoding RNA X inactive-specific transcript(XIST)in NSCs and SCI remains unclear.AIM To explore the role of XIST in enhancing NSC function and its therapeutic potential in SCI.METHODS We used in vitro and in vivo models to examine the effects of XIST on NSCs.XIST was overexpressed in NSCs,and its impact on mitochondrial function,neuronal differentiation,and the insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2(IGF2BP2)/carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A(CPT1A)pathway was assessed using a series of biochemical assays,quantitative PCR,and Seahorse XF24 analysis.A mouse model of SCI was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of XIST in vivo.RESULTS Overexpression of XIST in NSCs significantly increased mitochondrial membrane potential,ATP production,and oxygen consumption rate.XIST also promoted NSC proliferation and neuronal differentiation while inhibiting astrocytic differentiation.Mechanistically,XIST regulated CPT1A expression post-transcriptionally by interacting with IGF2BP2.In vivo XIST-treated mice exhibited improved motor scores and reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression following SCI.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggested that XIST modulated mitochondrial function and neural differentiation in NSCs throughthe IGF2BP2/CPT1A pathway. While preliminary in vivo results are encouraging, further studies are needed todetermine the long-term therapeutic relevance and underlying mechanisms of XIST in SCI recovery.
文摘Introduction: Stroke may have a negative impact on mental health and behavior. Cognitive disorders are common after stroke. They are rarely assessed in current clinical practice, particularly in our context. They constitute a real “invisible” handicap. In sub-Saharan Africa, we are not aware of any studies specifically assessing executive functions. These functions are at the heart of all adaptation processes to new or complex situations. This prompted the authors to carry out this study at the Ibrahima Pierre Ndiaye Neuroscience Department of the Fann National University Hospital Centre (Senegal). Objective and Methodology: The aim of this study was to assess and characterize post-stroke alterations in executive functions in our context. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. It took place over a 4-month period from April 1 to August 31, 2021. Patients were matched to controls according to age, gender and educational level. Executive functions were assessed using the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Results: A total of 30 patients with stroke were enrolled. These patients were matched to controls. The mean age of the patients was 46.87 ± 17.65 years. For the control group, it was 39.27 ± 12.33 years. The prevalence of executive function disorders was 20% in post-stroke patients. The majority of executive functions assessed were impaired. Sensitivity to interference and environmental autonomy were the only ones preserved. Conclusion: Impaired executive functions are common after stroke. They should be systematically assessed in all stroke patients to ensure optimal management.
基金Supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board(SERB),India(MTR/2020/000534).
文摘The significant role of square root mapping in probability,statistics,physics,architecture and engineering motivates us to emphasize on a new radical functional equation arising from a square root and reciprocal square root mappings.The interesting attribute of this equation is that it has both a square root mapping and a reciprocal square root mapping as solutions.We establish that the hyperstabilities of this equation exist using a fixed point alternative theorem.It is also demonstrated with an example that the stability may fail in special cases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82072165 and 82272256(both to XM)the Key Project of Xiangyang Central Hospital,No.2023YZ03(to RM)。
文摘Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in spinal cord injury.Previous studies have shown that microglia can promote neuronal survival by phagocytosing dead cells and debris and by releasing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory factors.However,excessive activation of microglia can lead to persistent inflammation and contribute to the formation of glial scars,which hinder axonal regeneration.Despite this,the precise role and mechanisms of microglia during the acute phase of spinal cord injury remain controversial and poorly understood.To elucidate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury,we employed the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia.We observed that sustained depletion of microglia resulted in an expansion of the lesion area,downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and impaired functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Next,we generated a transgenic mouse line with conditional overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor specifically in microglia.We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia increased angiogenesis and blood flow following spinal cord injury and facilitated the recovery of hindlimb motor function.Additionally,brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the acute phase of spinal cord injury.Furthermore,through using specific transgenic mouse lines,TMEM119,and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX73086,we demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects were predominantly due to brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia rather than macrophages.In conclusion,our findings suggest the critical role of microglia in the formation of protective glial scars.Depleting microglia is detrimental to recovery of spinal cord injury,whereas targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy to enhance motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.
基金Supported by The Innovation Fund of Postgraduate,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering(Y2024336)NSF of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC0065).
文摘In this paper,we study asymptotic power series of the composition f(x)=h(g(x)),where g(x)=∑_(n=0)^(∞)b_(n)x^(-n),b_(n)∈R,and h is a given elementary function.The asymptotic expansions have been obtained for the composition with an exponential or logarithmic function.Using the re-cursive method,we present the asymptotic expansions for the composition with seven trigonometric functions,respectively.As an application,the asymptotic expansions of roots of some equations are given.Computational results show that our recursive formula is more efficient than the method of Lagrange's inverse theorem.
文摘We have examined the theoretical implications of combining two main and three auxiliary ligands to form several Ir(Ⅲ)complexes featuring a transition metal as their core atom to identify some appropriate organic lightemitting diode(OLED)materials.By utilizing electronic structure,frontier molecular orbitals,minimum single-line absorption,triplet excited states,and emission spectral data derived from the density functional theory,the usefulness of these Ir(Ⅲ)complexes,including(piq)_(2)Ir(acac),(piq)_(2)Ir(tmd),(piq)_(2)Ir(tpip),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(acac),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tmd),and(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip),in OLEDs was examined,where piq=1-phenylisoquinoline,fpiq=1-(4-fluorophenyl)isoquinoline,acac=(3Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one,tmd=(4Z)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one,and tpip=tetraphenylimido-diphosphonate.These complexes all have low-efficiency roll-off properties,especially(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip).Some researchers have successfully synthesized complexes extremely similar to(piq)_(2)Ir(acac)through the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.
文摘Background: The sexual function is an essential aspect of life for women irrespective of age because it is closely correlated with overall wellbeing and relationship satisfaction. Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) is a common public health issue that is defined as one or more problems of female sexual desire, arousal, orgasm and/or sexual pain/discomfort that leads to significant distress. Aim: This study aimed to assess the female sexual function among Libyan women. Methods and materials: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Tripoli University Hospital over six months duration between January and June 2024. It included 314 female participants who attended the hospital during that period. The data underwent analysis and prescription via a computerized program of SPSS version 24. Results: The most frequent age range was between 26 to 35 years accounting for 54.8% (172). The mean duration of marriage was 7.42 years ± 7.228 SD. The majority of participants were multipara accounting for 79.9% (251). Based on the classification of female sexual dysfunction severity, 41.7% (131) of participants had mild to moderate severity followed by 32.2% (101) had mild severity with an overall female sexual dysfunction rate of 81.2% (255). Based on female sexual function characteristics, 28.3% (89) had abnormal desire, 22% (69) had abnormal arousal, 55.4% (174) had abnormal lubrication, 24.5% (77) had undetected orgasm, 23.2% (73) had inappropriate satisfaction and 19.1% (60) had pain. Conclusion: The overall rate of female sexual dysfunction among Libyan women was (81.2%) which is considered high but with low severity, (41.7%) had mild to moderate dysfunction followed by (32.2%) with mild dysfunction. These findings had significant effects on sexual life and marital status which require a basic strategy approach to increase sexual awareness and marital counseling among couples and to avoid adverse sexual dysfunction consequences such as divorce, marital problems, insufficient sexual satisfaction, and psychosocial concern.
基金funded by the University Teachers Innovation Fund Project of Gansu Province(2025A-001)the Northwest Normal University Young Teachers'Scientific Research Ability Improvement Plan(NWNULKQN2024-20).
文摘Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions(LUFs)and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use planning.This is especially critical for ecologically vulnerable inland river basins in arid regions.However,existing methods struggle to effectively capture complex nonlinear interactions among environmental factors and their multifaceted relationships with trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,especially for the inland river basins in arid regions.Consequently,this study focused on the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin(MHRB),an arid inland river basin in northwestern China.Using land use,socioeconomic,meteorological,and hydrological data from 2000 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of LUFs and their trade-off and synergy relationships from the perspective of production,living,ecological functions.Additionally,we employed an integrated Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)-SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)framework to investigate the environmental factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs.Our findings reveal that from 2000 to 2020,the production,living,and ecological functions of land use within the MHRB exhibited an increasing trend,demonstrating a distinct spatial pattern of''high in the southwest and low in the northeast''.Significant spatial heterogeneity defined the trade-off and synergistic relationships,with trade-offs dominating human activity-intensive oasis areas,while synergies prevailed in other areas.During the study period,synergistic relationships between production and living functions and between production and ecological functions were relatively robust,whereas synergies in living-ecological functions remained weaker.Natural factors(digital elevation model(DEM),annual mean temperature,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),and annual precipitation)emerged as the primary factors driving the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,followed by socioeconomic factors(population density,Gross Domestic Product(GDP),and land use intensity),while distance factors(distance to water bodies,distance to residential areas,and distance to roads)exerted minimal influence.Notably,the interactions among NDVI,annual mean temperature,DEM,and land use intensity exerted the most substantial impacts on the relationships among LUFs.This study provides novel perspectives and methodologies for unraveling the mechanisms underlying the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,offering scientific insights to inform regional land use planning and sustainable natural resource management in inland river basins in arid regions.
基金Supported by Natural Science Research Project for Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province(Grant No.2022AH050329)Yunnan Provincial Department of Education Fund(Grant No.2025J0376).
文摘In this paper,we establish characterizations of α-Bloch functions and little α-Bloch functions on the unit ball as well as the unit polydisk of C^(m),which generalize and improve results of Aulaskari-Lappan,Minda,Aulaskari-Wulan,and Wu.Some examples are also given to complement our theory.
基金Supported by The University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka,Research Council Grant No.G23.
文摘BACKGROUND Overweight children exhibit a higher prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders compared with their normal-weight peers,yet the underlying reasons remain unclear.Gastrointestinal motility,a key pathophysiological factor in functional gastrointestinal disorders,may be influenced by body mass index(BMI).AIM To evaluate the impact of BMI on gastric motility parameters in children with functional abdominal pain disorders(FAPDs).METHODS We assessed gastric motility in 176 children with FAPDs(61.4%females,mean age 7.94 years,SD 1.96 years)and 63 healthy controls(57.1%females,mean age 9.17 years,SD 1.90 years)at the Gastroenterology Research Laboratory,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka.FAPDs were diagnosed and subtyped using the Rome IV criteria:Functional abdominal pain 97 patients;irritable bowel syndrome 39 patients,functional dyspepsia(FD)25 patients;and abdominal migraine 15 patients.Gastric motility was measured using a validated ultrasound method.Weight and height were measured using sensitive standard scales.RESULTS The BMIs of children with FAPDs and controls were 15.04 and 15.46 kg/m^(2),respectively(P=0.33).Fasting antral area(FAA)and antral area at 1 min(AA1)and 15 min(AA15)were significantly greater in patients with FAPD with a higher BMI(2.71 cm^(2),12.57 cm^(2),and 7.19 cm^(2),respectively)compared with those with a lower BMI(2.12 cm^(2),10.68 cm^(2),and 6.13 cm^(2),respectively)(P<0.01).BMI positively correlated with FAA and AA15(r=0.18 and r=0.19,respectively)(P<0.01)in those with FAPDs.In controls,only AA1 was greater in the higher BMI group(12.51 cm^(2)vs 9.93 cm^(2))and had a positive correlation(r=0.33)(P≤0.01).Subgroup analysis revealed that in patients with FD,BMI negatively correlated with gastric emptying rate(GER)(r=-0.59)and antral motility index(MI)(r=-0.49),while in functional abdominal pain,MI positively correlated(r=0.25)with BMI(P≤0.01).CONCLUSION In children with FAPDs,higher BMI was associated with increased gastric antral distention during fasting and postprandial periods(as indicated by FAA,AA1,and AA15)but not with contractility and transit(MI,GER).However,in the FD subgroup,high BMI correlated with reduced GER and MI.This indicates the possible role of BMI in gastric hypomotility and the pathophysiology of FD.These findings underscore the importance of lifestyle and dietary interventions aimed at optimizing BMI in the management of FAPDs,particularly FD.
文摘The authors regret that an error occurred during the preparation of their article:One of the official databases,which was used for functional trait collections,contained an incorrect term–'chametophytes'–for the life form category'chamaephytes'.Unfortunately,this incorrect term was used throughout the article following the nomenclature of this official database:in one instance in the main text,in Fig.3 and its caption,in Fig.5,and in two instances in the supplementary material.
基金financial support by the Development Plan of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(No.YDZJ202201ZYTS305)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.YDZJ202401316ZYTS)the Innovation Laboratory Development Program of Education Department of Jilin Province and Industry and Information Technology Department of Jilin Province,China(The Joint Laboratory of MAX/MXene Materials).
文摘MAX series materials,as non-van der Waals layered multi-element compounds,contribute remarkable regulated properties and functional dimension,combining the features of metal and ceramic materials due to their inherently laminated crystal structure that Mn+1Xn slabs are intercalated with A element layers.Oriented to the functional requirements of information,intelligence,electrification,and aerospace in the new era,how to accelerate MAX series materials into new quality productive forces?The systematic enhancement of knowledge about MAX series materials is intrinsic to understanding its low-dimensional geometric structure characteristics,and physical and chemical properties,revealing the correlation of composition,structure,and function and further realizing rational design based on simulation and prediction.Diversity also brings complexity to MAX materials research.This review provides substantial tabular information on(Ⅰ)MAX’s research timeline from 1960 to the present,(Ⅱ)structure diversity and classification convention,(Ⅲ)synthesis route exploration,(Ⅳ)prediction based on theory and machine learning,(Ⅴ)properties,and(Ⅵ)functional applications.Herein,the researchers can quickly locate research content and recognize connections and differences of MAX series materials.In addition,the research challenges for the future development of MAX series materials are highlighted.
