Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)RR)is a promising approach to complete the carbon cycle and potentially convert CO_(2)into valuable chemicals and fuels.Cu is unique among transition metals in its abi...Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)RR)is a promising approach to complete the carbon cycle and potentially convert CO_(2)into valuable chemicals and fuels.Cu is unique among transition metals in its ability to catalyze the CO_(2)RR and produce multi-carbon products.However,achieving high selectivity for C2+products is challenging for copper-based catalysts,as C–C coupling reactions proceed slowly.Herein,a surface modification strategy involving grafting long alkyl chains onto copper nanowires(Cu NWs)has been proposed to regulate the electronic structure of Cu surface,which facilitates*CO-*CO coupling in the CO_(2)RR.The hydrophobicity of the catalysts increases greatly after the introduction of long alkyl chains,therefore the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)has been inhibited effectively.Such surface modification approach proves to be highly efficient and universal,with the Faradaic efficiency(FE)of C_(2)H_(4) up to 53%for the optimized Cu–SH catalyst,representing a significant enhancement compared to the pristine Cu NWs(30%).In-situ characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the different terminal groups of the grafted octadecyl chains can effectively regulate the charge density of Cu NWs interface and change the adsorption configuration of*CO intermediate.The top-adsorbed*CO intermediates(*COtop)on Cu–SH catalytic interface endow Cu–SH with the highest charge density,which effectively lowers the reaction energy barrier for*CO-*CO coupling,promoting the formation of the*OCCO intermediate,thereby enhancing the selectivity towards C_(2)H_(4).This study provides a promising method for designing efficient Cu-based catalysts with high catalytic activity and selectivity towards C2H4.展开更多
With high surface-to-volume ratio,the abundant surface states and high carrier concentration are challenging the nearinfrared photodetection behaviors of narrow band gap semiconductors nanowires.In this study,the narr...With high surface-to-volume ratio,the abundant surface states and high carrier concentration are challenging the nearinfrared photodetection behaviors of narrow band gap semiconductors nanowires.In this study,the narrow band gap semiconductor of Bi_(2)O_(2)Se nanosheets(NSs)is adopted to construct mixed-dimensional heterojunctions with GaSb nanowires(NWs)for demonstrating the impressive self-powered NIR photodetection.Benefiting from the built-in electric field of~140 meV,the as-constructed NW/NS mixeddimensional heterojunction self-powered photodetector shows the low dark current of 0.07 pA,high I_(light)/I_(dark)ratio of 82 and fast response times of<2/2 ms at room temperature.The self-powered photodetector performance can be further enhanced by fabricating the NW array/NS mixed-dimensional heterojunction by using a contact printing technique.The excellent photodetection performance promises the asconstructed NW/NS mixed-dimensional heterojunction self-powered photodetector in imaging and photocommunication.展开更多
Ga_(2)O_(3) is considered a potential anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and unique self-healing capability.To develop a novel preparation method and in-depth...Ga_(2)O_(3) is considered a potential anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and unique self-healing capability.To develop a novel preparation method and in-depth understanding of the electrochemical reaction mechanism of Ga_(2)O_(3),a brand-new liquid-liquid dealloying strategy was exploited to construct porous α-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire networks.Profiting from the well-designed porous structure,the material exhibits impressive cycling stability of a reversible capacity of 603.9 mA·h/g after 200 cycles at 1000 mA/g and a capacity retention of 125.2 mA·h/g after 100 cycles at 0.5C when assembling to Ga_(2)O_(3)//LiFePO_(4) full cells.The lithiation/delithiation reaction mechanism of the porous Ga_(2)O_(3) anodes is further revealed by ex-situ Raman,XRD,TEM measurements,and density functional theoretical(DFT)calculations,which establishes a correlation between the electrochemical performance and the phase transition fromα-Ga_(2)O_(3) to β-Ga_(2)O_(3) during cycling.展开更多
High-performance perovskite photodetectors with self-driven characteristic usually need electron/hole transport layers to extract carriers. However, these devices with transport layer structure are prone to result in ...High-performance perovskite photodetectors with self-driven characteristic usually need electron/hole transport layers to extract carriers. However, these devices with transport layer structure are prone to result in a poor perovskite/transport layer interface, which restricts the performance and stability of the device. To solve this problem, this work reports a novel device structure in which perovskite nanowires are in-situ prepared on PbI_(2), which serves as both a reaction raw material and efficient carrier extraction layer. By optimizing the thickness of PbI_(2), nanowire growth time, and ion exchange time, a selfdriven photodetector with an ITO/PbI_(2)/CsPbBr_(3)/carbon structure is constructed. The optimized device achieves excellent performance with the responsivity of 0.33 A/W, the detectivity of as high as 3.52 × 10^(13) Jones. Furthermore, the device can detect the light with its optical power lowered to 0.1 nW/cm^(2). This research provides a new method for preparing perovskite nano/micro devices with simple structure but excellent performance.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs) have been attracting great attentions and widely been exploited due to the abundant sodium/potassium resources.Hence,the preparation of high-powered anode m...Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs) have been attracting great attentions and widely been exploited due to the abundant sodium/potassium resources.Hence,the preparation of high-powered anode materials for SIBs/PIBs plays a decisive role for the commercial applications of SIBs/PIBs in the future.Manganese selenides are a class of potential anode materials for SIBs/PIBs because of their small band gap and high electrical conductivity.In this work,MnSe and ReS_(2) core-shell nanowires connecting by polydopamine derived carbon nanotube(MnSe@NC@ReS_(2)) have been successfully synthesized from growing ReS_(2) nanosheets array on the surface of MnSe@NC nano wires,which present excellent Na^(+)/K^(+) storage performance.While applied as SIBs anode,the specific capacity of 300 mAh·g^(-1) was maintwined after 400 cycles at the current density of 1.0 A·g^(-1).Besides,it could also keep 120 mAh·g^(-1) specific capacity after 900 cycles at 1.0 A·g^(-1) for the anode of PIBs.These heterogeneous engineering and one-dimensional-two-dimensional(1D-2D) hybrid strategies could provide an ideal strategy for the synthesis of new hetero-structured anode materials with outstanding battery performance for SIBs and PIBs.展开更多
Ce-TiO_(2)nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal method with cerium nitrate as the doping source.The products were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transf...Ce-TiO_(2)nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal method with cerium nitrate as the doping source.The products were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-Vis DRS)and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The effects of Ce doping amount on morphology,phase structure,photocatalytic activity,and degradation process of TiO_(2) nanowires were further evaluated.When the Ce doping amount in TiO_(2) was about 4%(mass fraction),the photocatalytic degradation rate of Ce-TiO_(2) nanowires on methylene blue under UV light reached 90.5%.展开更多
The utilization of piezo-photocatalytic technol ogy for environmental remediation under full spectrum solar light is promising but still challenging.Herein,one dimensional Bi_(2)S_(3)nanowires,which can utilize both m...The utilization of piezo-photocatalytic technol ogy for environmental remediation under full spectrum solar light is promising but still challenging.Herein,one dimensional Bi_(2)S_(3)nanowires,which can utilize both mechanical energy and near-infrared(NIR)light to remov hexavalent chromium(Cr(Ⅵ))efficiently,were synthe sized by a restrained growth method.The reaction rat constants of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction in piezo-photocatalyti process under NIR(800–2500 nm)reached 0.334 min^(-1)which were 3.2 and 12.4 times as that of single piezo and photocatalytic process.The formation of polarized electri fields and one-dimensional structure allow ultrafast sepa ration of charge carriers,thereby promoting the catalyti activity.Furthermore,due to the strong penetrability o NIR light,the piezo-photocatalysis performance in turbid solutions under NIR light(0.188 min^(-1))was even com parable to that under visible light(0.186 min^(-1)).Thi study provides a new concept on the development of piezo photocatalytic technology for environmental remediation by utilization of NIR light and natural mechanical energy.展开更多
Herein,vacancy engineering is utilized reasonably to explore molybdenum tungsten oxide nanowires(W_(4)MoO_(3)NWs)rich in O-vacancies as an advanced electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)electrocatalyst,real...Herein,vacancy engineering is utilized reasonably to explore molybdenum tungsten oxide nanowires(W_(4)MoO_(3)NWs)rich in O-vacancies as an advanced electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)electrocatalyst,realizing further enhancement of NRR performance.In 0.1 mol/L Na_(2)SO_(4),W_(4)MoO_(3)NWs rich in O vacancies(CTAB-D-W_(4)MoO_(3))achieve a large NH3yield of 60.77μg h^(-1)mg^(-1)cat.at-0.70 V vs.RHE and a high faradaic efficiency of 56.42%at-0.60 V,much superior to the W_(4)MoO_(3)NWs deficient in oxygen vacancies(20.26μg h^(-1)mg^(-1)cat.and 17.1%at-0.70 V vs.RHE).Meanwhile,W_(4)MoO_(3)NWs rich in O-vacancies also show high electrochemical stability.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations present that O vacancies in CTAB-D-W_(4)MoO_(3)reduce the energy barrier formed by the intermediate of^(*)N-NH,facilitate the activation and further hydrogenation of^(*)N-N,promote the NRR process,and improve NRR activity.展开更多
Incorporating a secondary metal and engineering heterogeneous nanostructures can significantly enhance the electrochemical performance of nonenzymatic glucose sensors.Herein,NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanowire(NW)arrays were envel...Incorporating a secondary metal and engineering heterogeneous nanostructures can significantly enhance the electrochemical performance of nonenzymatic glucose sensors.Herein,NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanowire(NW)arrays were enveloped with NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanosheets(NSs)using a simple hydrothermal method.NSs improved the electronic conductivity of NW arrays,while arrays prevented the aggregation of NSs,resulting in exceptional glucose sensing performance.In 0.1 mol·L^(−1) NaOH electrolyte,this composite electrode demonstrated remarkable sensitivity(7641μA·mmol^(−1)·L·cm^(−2)),broad linear detection range(1 to 1250μmol·L^(−1)),low detection limit(0.16μmol·L^(−1)),and rapid response time(within 1 s),as well as excellent selectivity,reproducibility,and stability.Such a unique architecture of NiCo_(2)O_(4) NW arrays enhanced the specific surface area of the composite material,facilitating the efficient electron transfer between copper foam and NiCo_(2)O_(4) NSs.This work provides an economical and efficient approach for developing enzyme-free glucose sensing catalysts with superior electrochemical properties.展开更多
Ordered NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire arrays(NWAs)grown on a Ni foam substrate were synthesized using a template-free hydrothermal method and employed as an electrode with outstanding electrochemical properties for super...Ordered NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire arrays(NWAs)grown on a Ni foam substrate were synthesized using a template-free hydrothermal method and employed as an electrode with outstanding electrochemical properties for supercapacitors.After conducting a series of time-variable controlled experiments,the structure,morphology,and electrochemical properties of NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO NWAs were analyzed to find the most suitable growth time.Benefited from such unique array architectures,the designed NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO NWAs electrode demonstrates significant electrochemical properties,showing a specific capacitance of 2418 F·g^(-1)at a charge-discharge current density of 1 A·g^(-1).Moreover,it demonstrates exceptional stability,maintaining a capacity retention of 81.5%after undergoing 2,000 cycles,even when subjected to a current density of 10 A·g^(-1).The reason of high stability is that the spacing between the nanowire arrays is large and the diffusion resistance of the electrolyte is significantly reduced,which facilitates the diffusion of the electrolyte into the interior of the electrodes and establishes an effective contact with the surface of the nanowires.Furthermore,the NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire array grows directly on the Ni foam without binder,which establishes rapid electron transport pathways on the Ni foam substrate,resulting in excellent electrochemical properties.展开更多
Low power consumption,high responsivity,and self-powering are key objectives for photoelectrochemical ultravio-let detectors.In this research,In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays were fabricated on fluorine-doped ti...Low power consumption,high responsivity,and self-powering are key objectives for photoelectrochemical ultravio-let detectors.In this research,In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays were fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)substrates through a hydrothermal approach,with subsequent thermal annealing.These arrays were then used as photoanodes to con-struct a ultraviolet(UV)photodetector.In doping reduced the bandgap ofα-Ga_(2)O_(3),enhancing its absorption of UV light.Conse-quently,the In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays exhibited excellent light detection performance.When irradiated by 255 nm deep ultraviolet light,they obtained a responsivity of 38.85 mA/W.Moreover,the detector's response and recovery times are 13 and 8 ms,respectively.The In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays exhibit a responsivity that is about three-fold higher than the undoped one.Due to its superior responsivity,the In-doped device was used to develop a photoelectric imaging system.This study demonstrates that dopingα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire with indium is a potent approach for optimizing their photoelectrochemi-cal performance,which also has significant potential for optoelectronic applications.展开更多
The imperative demand for energy paradigm shift toward renewable and sustainable energy sources has intensified interest in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE)as a clean and efficient hydrogen productio...The imperative demand for energy paradigm shift toward renewable and sustainable energy sources has intensified interest in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE)as a clean and efficient hydrogen production technology.However,the practical application of PEMWE is hindered by the scarcity and high cost of iridium(Ir),the state-of-the-art electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).To reduce Ir loading without compromising performance,we report a novel hollow Bi_(2)Te_(3)(h-Bi_(2)Te_(3))nanowire as a conductive and acid-tolerant support for Ir-based OER electrocatalysts.The h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) nanowires were synthesized via a two-step wet chemical synthesis involving Te nanowire growth and subsequent Bi incorporation,with controlled hollowness induced by modulating the reducing agent concentration.Ir nanoparticles were uniformly deposited onto h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) via polyol method,forming amorphous and well-dispersed Ir catalytic layers.Ir/h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) catalyst achieved an outstanding OER overpotential of 268 mV at 10 mA/cm^(2),a mass activity of 460 mA/mgIr at 1.55 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)),and superior stability over 5 h,surpassing commercial IrO_(x)/TiO_(2),commercial Ir black,and Ir/Te benchmarks.The enhanced performance was attributed to the strong metal-support interaction,improved charge transfer,and enlarged electrochemically active surface area.Moreover,Ir/h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) catalyst demonstrated outstanding single-cell performance of 1.811 V at 2.0 A/cm^(2) with extremely low Ir loading(0.1 mgIr/cm^(2))and long-term durability(a cell voltage increase of 36.6 mV during 100 h at 1.0 A/cm^(2)),confirming its strong potential as a practical anode electrocatalyst for PEMWE.This study highlights the promise of morphology-engineered h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) supports for advancing cost-effective and durable PEMWE systems.展开更多
Efficient removal of pollutant formaldehyde(HCHO) at room temperature using transition-metal oxides remains a huge challenge to date. Manganese oxide can oxidize formaldehyde, however, how to control the valence state...Efficient removal of pollutant formaldehyde(HCHO) at room temperature using transition-metal oxides remains a huge challenge to date. Manganese oxide can oxidize formaldehyde, however, how to control the valence states of manganese is the key to further improve the removal efficiency. We have successfully prepared porous manganese oxide nanowires(Mn OxNWs) with large surface area and multiple valence states of manganese using simple electrospinning followed by thermal calcination and potassium permanganate solution post-treatment(C/S process). The contents of trivalent and tetravalent manganese increased significantly after C/S process. Moreover, the composition of silver oxide coated silver nanowires(Ag@Ag_(2) O NWs) is realized by assistance with oxygen plasma, which further enhanced high valence manganese. The formaldehyde removal efficiency by Ag@Ag_(2) O–Mn Oxcomposite nanowires can reach 93.7%. The high-efficient catalytic activity is confirmed to attribute to the higher surface area of composite nanowires, the high-valence manganese and the silver oxide for oxidation of formaldehyde.展开更多
Assembling MnO_(2)nanowires into macroscopic membrane is a promising engineered technology for catalyst separation and enhancement of Fenton-like reaction activity,yet its development is limited by the deficiencies in...Assembling MnO_(2)nanowires into macroscopic membrane is a promising engineered technology for catalyst separation and enhancement of Fenton-like reaction activity,yet its development is limited by the deficiencies in preparation and property modulation of the MnO_(2)nanowires.In this work,we developed a facile method using C_(2)H_5OH and CH_(3)COOK as reductive and vital control reagents to react with KMnO_(4)by hydrothermal reaction at 140℃for 12 h,to prepare the ultralongα-MnO_(2)nanowires up to tens of micrometers with high purity and aspect ratio.Such strategy not only had the advantages of being mild,easily controlled and environmental pollution-free,but also endowedα-MnO_(2)nanowires with excellent ability as a Fenton catalyst when assembled into free-standing membrane for degrading phenolic compounds(k_(obs)=0.0738~0.1695 min^(-1))in a continuous flow reaction.The reactive oxygen species(i.e.,~·OH)from Fenton-like reaction were enriched within thisα-MnO_(2)nanowire membrane via nanoconfinement effect,which further enhanced the mass transportation of~·OH available for phenolic contaminants.MnO_(2)nanowire membrane using our method possessed the high practical potential for water purify due to its easy-preparation and enhanced catalytic performances.展开更多
Titania nanowires(TiO2-NW)with tunable aspect ratios and morphologies were directly synthesized using a simple alcohol-thermal technique.Specifically,ethanol and acetic acid were used as solvents and lithium ion was u...Titania nanowires(TiO2-NW)with tunable aspect ratios and morphologies were directly synthesized using a simple alcohol-thermal technique.Specifically,ethanol and acetic acid were used as solvents and lithium ion was used as the capping agent to promote the conversion of titanium butoxide into TiO2-NW.The morphologies and crystal phases of TiO2-NW were determined by the molar ratio of solvents and the content(mol%)of lithium ion.The band gap of TiO2-NW with pure anatase phase is slightly bigger than that of TiO2-NW with a mixture of anatase and rutile phases.All TiO2-NW could achieve effective decolorization of methyl blue(the decolorization rate is over 95%)after 35-min ultraviolet(UV)irradiation.展开更多
The commonly-employed material for thermal barrier coatings(TBCs)is 7 wt.%Y2O3 ZrO2(7YSZ),generally deposited by electron beam-physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD).Due to the increasing demand for higher operating temper...The commonly-employed material for thermal barrier coatings(TBCs)is 7 wt.%Y2O3 ZrO2(7YSZ),generally deposited by electron beam-physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD).Due to the increasing demand for higher operating temperature in aero-derivative gas turbines,a lot of effort has been made to prevent the premature failure of columnar 7YSZ TBCs,which is induced by the microstructure degradation,sintering and spallation after the deposition of infiltrated siliceous mineral(consisting of calcium magnesium aluminum silicate(CaO MgO Al2O3 SiO2,i.e.,CMAS)).A new method called Al-modification for columnar 7YSZ TBCs against CMAS corrosion was present.The Al film was magnetron-sputtered on the surface of the columnar 7YSZ TBCs,followed by performing vacuum heat treatment of the Al-deposited TBCs.During the heat treatment,the molten Al reacted with ZrO2 to formα-Al2O3 overlay that effectively hindered CMAS infiltration.Moreover,the Al film could evaporate and re-nucleate,leading to the generation of Al2O3 nanowires,which further restrained the moving of molten CMAS.展开更多
Although computational studies have demonstrated that metal ion doping can effectively narrow the bandgap of TiO_(2),the visible-light photoactivity of metal-doped TiO_(2) photoanodes is still far from satisfactory.He...Although computational studies have demonstrated that metal ion doping can effectively narrow the bandgap of TiO_(2),the visible-light photoactivity of metal-doped TiO_(2) photoanodes is still far from satisfactory.Herein,we report an effective strategy to activate the visible-light photoactivity of chromiumimplanted TiO_(2) via the incorporation of oxygen vacancies.The chromium-doped TiO_(2) activated by oxygen vacancies(Cr-TiO_(2)-vac)exhibited an incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency(IPCE)of~6.8%at450 nm,which is one of the best values reported for metal-doped TiO_(2).Moreover,Cr-TiO_(2)-vac showed no obvious photocurrent decay after 100 h under visible-light illumination.展开更多
In this work, a fast(0.5 h), green microwave-assisted synthesis of single crystalline Sb_2Se_3 nanowires was developed. For the first time we demonstrated a facile solvent-mediated process, whereby intriguing nanostru...In this work, a fast(0.5 h), green microwave-assisted synthesis of single crystalline Sb_2Se_3 nanowires was developed. For the first time we demonstrated a facile solvent-mediated process, whereby intriguing nanostructures including antimony selenide(Sb_2Se_3) nanowires and selenium(Se) microrods can be achieved by merely varying the volume ratio of ethylene glycol(EG) and H_2O free from expensive chemical and additional surfactant. The achieved uniform Sb_2Se_3 nanowire is single crystalline along [001]growth direction with a diameter of 100 nm and a length up to tens of micrometers. When evaluated as an anode of lithium-ion battery, Sb_2Se_3 nanowire can deliver a high reversible capacity of 650.2 m Ah g^(-1) at 100 mA g^(-1) and a capacity retention of 63.8% after long-term 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g^(-1), as well as superior rate capability(389.5 m Ah g^(-1) at 2000 mA g^(-1)). This easy solvent-mediated microwave synthesis approach exhibits its great universe and importance towards the fabrication of high-performance metal chalcogenide electrode materials for future low-cost, large-scale energy storage systems.展开更多
TiO2 nanowire arrays were successfully fabricated by liquid-phase deposition method using porous alumina templates. The obtained TiO2 nanowires were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, s...TiO2 nanowire arrays were successfully fabricated by liquid-phase deposition method using porous alumina templates. The obtained TiO2 nanowires were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE- SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and selected area electron diffraction （SAED） analysis. Results of electron microscopic observations indicated that the nanowires were smooth and uniform with a diameter of about 50-80 nm and several micrometers in length. SAED, Raman, and XRD mea- surements showed that TiO2 nanowires were single-crystalline with a pure rutile structure after heating at 800 ~C for 10 h. In this situation, the nanowire constituents grew preferentially along the 〈001〉 direction. Furthermore, the formation process and mechanistic study of the Ti02 nanowire arrays were proposed and discussed in detail. The nanowires are clearly produced by the deposition of TiO2 particles on the inner wall of the template nanochannels.展开更多
Silicon nanowires(SiNWs)with diameter distributions ranging from 80 to 350 nm were prepared by electrochemical reduction of Ni/SiO2 in molten CaCl2.The effect of the content of nickel additives on the morphology of pr...Silicon nanowires(SiNWs)with diameter distributions ranging from 80 to 350 nm were prepared by electrochemical reduction of Ni/SiO2 in molten CaCl2.The effect of the content of nickel additives on the morphology of produced silicon was investigated.Large quantities of SiNWs are obtained by the electrochemical reduction of Ni/SiO2 blocks with SiO2 to Ni molar ratio of 20 and 10.Nickel additives repress the growth of irregular branches and promote longitudinal growth of SiNWs.Wire morphologies and surfaces are influenced by the electrolysis temperature.SiNWs become thicker with the increase of the electrolysis temperature.The optimum temperature to prepare single crystal SiNWs with high aspect ratio and extraordinary surface quality seems to be 1173 K.The amorphous layer of the silicon nanowire is thinner compared to the SiNWs obtained from the pure SiO2 pellets.The produced SiNWs show a photoluminescence emission peak at about 758 nm at room temperature.This work demonstrates the potentiality for the electrochemical reduction process to obtain large quantities of SiNWs with high quality.展开更多
文摘Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)RR)is a promising approach to complete the carbon cycle and potentially convert CO_(2)into valuable chemicals and fuels.Cu is unique among transition metals in its ability to catalyze the CO_(2)RR and produce multi-carbon products.However,achieving high selectivity for C2+products is challenging for copper-based catalysts,as C–C coupling reactions proceed slowly.Herein,a surface modification strategy involving grafting long alkyl chains onto copper nanowires(Cu NWs)has been proposed to regulate the electronic structure of Cu surface,which facilitates*CO-*CO coupling in the CO_(2)RR.The hydrophobicity of the catalysts increases greatly after the introduction of long alkyl chains,therefore the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)has been inhibited effectively.Such surface modification approach proves to be highly efficient and universal,with the Faradaic efficiency(FE)of C_(2)H_(4) up to 53%for the optimized Cu–SH catalyst,representing a significant enhancement compared to the pristine Cu NWs(30%).In-situ characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the different terminal groups of the grafted octadecyl chains can effectively regulate the charge density of Cu NWs interface and change the adsorption configuration of*CO intermediate.The top-adsorbed*CO intermediates(*COtop)on Cu–SH catalytic interface endow Cu–SH with the highest charge density,which effectively lowers the reaction energy barrier for*CO-*CO coupling,promoting the formation of the*OCCO intermediate,thereby enhancing the selectivity towards C_(2)H_(4).This study provides a promising method for designing efficient Cu-based catalysts with high catalytic activity and selectivity towards C2H4.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2022JQ05 and ZR2024MF010).
文摘With high surface-to-volume ratio,the abundant surface states and high carrier concentration are challenging the nearinfrared photodetection behaviors of narrow band gap semiconductors nanowires.In this study,the narrow band gap semiconductor of Bi_(2)O_(2)Se nanosheets(NSs)is adopted to construct mixed-dimensional heterojunctions with GaSb nanowires(NWs)for demonstrating the impressive self-powered NIR photodetection.Benefiting from the built-in electric field of~140 meV,the as-constructed NW/NS mixeddimensional heterojunction self-powered photodetector shows the low dark current of 0.07 pA,high I_(light)/I_(dark)ratio of 82 and fast response times of<2/2 ms at room temperature.The self-powered photodetector performance can be further enhanced by fabricating the NW array/NS mixed-dimensional heterojunction by using a contact printing technique.The excellent photodetection performance promises the asconstructed NW/NS mixed-dimensional heterojunction self-powered photodetector in imaging and photocommunication.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(No.E2023202253)Hebei Higher Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project,China(No.2021GJJG050).
文摘Ga_(2)O_(3) is considered a potential anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and unique self-healing capability.To develop a novel preparation method and in-depth understanding of the electrochemical reaction mechanism of Ga_(2)O_(3),a brand-new liquid-liquid dealloying strategy was exploited to construct porous α-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire networks.Profiting from the well-designed porous structure,the material exhibits impressive cycling stability of a reversible capacity of 603.9 mA·h/g after 200 cycles at 1000 mA/g and a capacity retention of 125.2 mA·h/g after 100 cycles at 0.5C when assembling to Ga_(2)O_(3)//LiFePO_(4) full cells.The lithiation/delithiation reaction mechanism of the porous Ga_(2)O_(3) anodes is further revealed by ex-situ Raman,XRD,TEM measurements,and density functional theoretical(DFT)calculations,which establishes a correlation between the electrochemical performance and the phase transition fromα-Ga_(2)O_(3) to β-Ga_(2)O_(3) during cycling.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51972101)the Research platforms and projects of Guangdong Universities in 2022 (2022ZDZX1028)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Project (2023KSYS003)。
文摘High-performance perovskite photodetectors with self-driven characteristic usually need electron/hole transport layers to extract carriers. However, these devices with transport layer structure are prone to result in a poor perovskite/transport layer interface, which restricts the performance and stability of the device. To solve this problem, this work reports a novel device structure in which perovskite nanowires are in-situ prepared on PbI_(2), which serves as both a reaction raw material and efficient carrier extraction layer. By optimizing the thickness of PbI_(2), nanowire growth time, and ion exchange time, a selfdriven photodetector with an ITO/PbI_(2)/CsPbBr_(3)/carbon structure is constructed. The optimized device achieves excellent performance with the responsivity of 0.33 A/W, the detectivity of as high as 3.52 × 10^(13) Jones. Furthermore, the device can detect the light with its optical power lowered to 0.1 nW/cm^(2). This research provides a new method for preparing perovskite nano/micro devices with simple structure but excellent performance.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52101243)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No.2023A1515012619)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou (No.202102010373)。
文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs) have been attracting great attentions and widely been exploited due to the abundant sodium/potassium resources.Hence,the preparation of high-powered anode materials for SIBs/PIBs plays a decisive role for the commercial applications of SIBs/PIBs in the future.Manganese selenides are a class of potential anode materials for SIBs/PIBs because of their small band gap and high electrical conductivity.In this work,MnSe and ReS_(2) core-shell nanowires connecting by polydopamine derived carbon nanotube(MnSe@NC@ReS_(2)) have been successfully synthesized from growing ReS_(2) nanosheets array on the surface of MnSe@NC nano wires,which present excellent Na^(+)/K^(+) storage performance.While applied as SIBs anode,the specific capacity of 300 mAh·g^(-1) was maintwined after 400 cycles at the current density of 1.0 A·g^(-1).Besides,it could also keep 120 mAh·g^(-1) specific capacity after 900 cycles at 1.0 A·g^(-1) for the anode of PIBs.These heterogeneous engineering and one-dimensional-two-dimensional(1D-2D) hybrid strategies could provide an ideal strategy for the synthesis of new hetero-structured anode materials with outstanding battery performance for SIBs and PIBs.
基金funded by Liaoning Provincial Education Department Key Research Project(LJKZZ20220117)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21878024)the Liaoning Petrochemical University and Chemical Technology Research Start-up Fund(2023XJJL-005).
文摘Ce-TiO_(2)nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal method with cerium nitrate as the doping source.The products were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-Vis DRS)and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The effects of Ce doping amount on morphology,phase structure,photocatalytic activity,and degradation process of TiO_(2) nanowires were further evaluated.When the Ce doping amount in TiO_(2) was about 4%(mass fraction),the photocatalytic degradation rate of Ce-TiO_(2) nanowires on methylene blue under UV light reached 90.5%.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51979081 and 52100179)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.B210202052)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020M680063 and 2021T140176)。
文摘The utilization of piezo-photocatalytic technol ogy for environmental remediation under full spectrum solar light is promising but still challenging.Herein,one dimensional Bi_(2)S_(3)nanowires,which can utilize both mechanical energy and near-infrared(NIR)light to remov hexavalent chromium(Cr(Ⅵ))efficiently,were synthe sized by a restrained growth method.The reaction rat constants of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction in piezo-photocatalyti process under NIR(800–2500 nm)reached 0.334 min^(-1)which were 3.2 and 12.4 times as that of single piezo and photocatalytic process.The formation of polarized electri fields and one-dimensional structure allow ultrafast sepa ration of charge carriers,thereby promoting the catalyti activity.Furthermore,due to the strong penetrability o NIR light,the piezo-photocatalysis performance in turbid solutions under NIR light(0.188 min^(-1))was even com parable to that under visible light(0.186 min^(-1)).Thi study provides a new concept on the development of piezo photocatalytic technology for environmental remediation by utilization of NIR light and natural mechanical energy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51872173)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022JQ21)。
文摘Herein,vacancy engineering is utilized reasonably to explore molybdenum tungsten oxide nanowires(W_(4)MoO_(3)NWs)rich in O-vacancies as an advanced electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)electrocatalyst,realizing further enhancement of NRR performance.In 0.1 mol/L Na_(2)SO_(4),W_(4)MoO_(3)NWs rich in O vacancies(CTAB-D-W_(4)MoO_(3))achieve a large NH3yield of 60.77μg h^(-1)mg^(-1)cat.at-0.70 V vs.RHE and a high faradaic efficiency of 56.42%at-0.60 V,much superior to the W_(4)MoO_(3)NWs deficient in oxygen vacancies(20.26μg h^(-1)mg^(-1)cat.and 17.1%at-0.70 V vs.RHE).Meanwhile,W_(4)MoO_(3)NWs rich in O-vacancies also show high electrochemical stability.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations present that O vacancies in CTAB-D-W_(4)MoO_(3)reduce the energy barrier formed by the intermediate of^(*)N-NH,facilitate the activation and further hydrogenation of^(*)N-N,promote the NRR process,and improve NRR activity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52301100)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022QB164)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Development Plan of Weifang(No.2023GX053)the Highlevel Talents Research Start-up Fund Project(Nos.KJRC2023041 and KJRC2023010)the Natural Science Foundation of Weifang University of Science and Technology(No.2023KJ08)the Shandong Province Science and Technology Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Innovation Ability Improvement Project(No.2023TSGC0064).
文摘Incorporating a secondary metal and engineering heterogeneous nanostructures can significantly enhance the electrochemical performance of nonenzymatic glucose sensors.Herein,NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanowire(NW)arrays were enveloped with NiCo_(2)O_(4) nanosheets(NSs)using a simple hydrothermal method.NSs improved the electronic conductivity of NW arrays,while arrays prevented the aggregation of NSs,resulting in exceptional glucose sensing performance.In 0.1 mol·L^(−1) NaOH electrolyte,this composite electrode demonstrated remarkable sensitivity(7641μA·mmol^(−1)·L·cm^(−2)),broad linear detection range(1 to 1250μmol·L^(−1)),low detection limit(0.16μmol·L^(−1)),and rapid response time(within 1 s),as well as excellent selectivity,reproducibility,and stability.Such a unique architecture of NiCo_(2)O_(4) NW arrays enhanced the specific surface area of the composite material,facilitating the efficient electron transfer between copper foam and NiCo_(2)O_(4) NSs.This work provides an economical and efficient approach for developing enzyme-free glucose sensing catalysts with superior electrochemical properties.
文摘Ordered NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire arrays(NWAs)grown on a Ni foam substrate were synthesized using a template-free hydrothermal method and employed as an electrode with outstanding electrochemical properties for supercapacitors.After conducting a series of time-variable controlled experiments,the structure,morphology,and electrochemical properties of NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO NWAs were analyzed to find the most suitable growth time.Benefited from such unique array architectures,the designed NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO NWAs electrode demonstrates significant electrochemical properties,showing a specific capacitance of 2418 F·g^(-1)at a charge-discharge current density of 1 A·g^(-1).Moreover,it demonstrates exceptional stability,maintaining a capacity retention of 81.5%after undergoing 2,000 cycles,even when subjected to a current density of 10 A·g^(-1).The reason of high stability is that the spacing between the nanowire arrays is large and the diffusion resistance of the electrolyte is significantly reduced,which facilitates the diffusion of the electrolyte into the interior of the electrodes and establishes an effective contact with the surface of the nanowires.Furthermore,the NiCo_(2)O_(4)/rGO nanowire array grows directly on the Ni foam without binder,which establishes rapid electron transport pathways on the Ni foam substrate,resulting in excellent electrochemical properties.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3610500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62104110,62374094)+1 种基金the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023T160332)Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NY224084,NY224131).
文摘Low power consumption,high responsivity,and self-powering are key objectives for photoelectrochemical ultravio-let detectors.In this research,In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays were fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)substrates through a hydrothermal approach,with subsequent thermal annealing.These arrays were then used as photoanodes to con-struct a ultraviolet(UV)photodetector.In doping reduced the bandgap ofα-Ga_(2)O_(3),enhancing its absorption of UV light.Conse-quently,the In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays exhibited excellent light detection performance.When irradiated by 255 nm deep ultraviolet light,they obtained a responsivity of 38.85 mA/W.Moreover,the detector's response and recovery times are 13 and 8 ms,respectively.The In-dopedα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire arrays exhibit a responsivity that is about three-fold higher than the undoped one.Due to its superior responsivity,the In-doped device was used to develop a photoelectric imaging system.This study demonstrates that dopingα-Ga_(2)O_(3) nanowire with indium is a potent approach for optimizing their photoelectrochemi-cal performance,which also has significant potential for optoelectronic applications.
基金supported by the Technology Innovation Program(No.20026415,Development of Membrane Electrode Assembly and Stack Components for PEM Water Electrolysis)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea)supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.2022M3H4A3A01083536).
文摘The imperative demand for energy paradigm shift toward renewable and sustainable energy sources has intensified interest in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE)as a clean and efficient hydrogen production technology.However,the practical application of PEMWE is hindered by the scarcity and high cost of iridium(Ir),the state-of-the-art electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).To reduce Ir loading without compromising performance,we report a novel hollow Bi_(2)Te_(3)(h-Bi_(2)Te_(3))nanowire as a conductive and acid-tolerant support for Ir-based OER electrocatalysts.The h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) nanowires were synthesized via a two-step wet chemical synthesis involving Te nanowire growth and subsequent Bi incorporation,with controlled hollowness induced by modulating the reducing agent concentration.Ir nanoparticles were uniformly deposited onto h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) via polyol method,forming amorphous and well-dispersed Ir catalytic layers.Ir/h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) catalyst achieved an outstanding OER overpotential of 268 mV at 10 mA/cm^(2),a mass activity of 460 mA/mgIr at 1.55 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)),and superior stability over 5 h,surpassing commercial IrO_(x)/TiO_(2),commercial Ir black,and Ir/Te benchmarks.The enhanced performance was attributed to the strong metal-support interaction,improved charge transfer,and enlarged electrochemically active surface area.Moreover,Ir/h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) catalyst demonstrated outstanding single-cell performance of 1.811 V at 2.0 A/cm^(2) with extremely low Ir loading(0.1 mgIr/cm^(2))and long-term durability(a cell voltage increase of 36.6 mV during 100 h at 1.0 A/cm^(2)),confirming its strong potential as a practical anode electrocatalyst for PEMWE.This study highlights the promise of morphology-engineered h-Bi_(2)Te_(3) supports for advancing cost-effective and durable PEMWE systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51975151)the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.LH2019E041)Heilongjiang Touyan Team。
文摘Efficient removal of pollutant formaldehyde(HCHO) at room temperature using transition-metal oxides remains a huge challenge to date. Manganese oxide can oxidize formaldehyde, however, how to control the valence states of manganese is the key to further improve the removal efficiency. We have successfully prepared porous manganese oxide nanowires(Mn OxNWs) with large surface area and multiple valence states of manganese using simple electrospinning followed by thermal calcination and potassium permanganate solution post-treatment(C/S process). The contents of trivalent and tetravalent manganese increased significantly after C/S process. Moreover, the composition of silver oxide coated silver nanowires(Ag@Ag_(2) O NWs) is realized by assistance with oxygen plasma, which further enhanced high valence manganese. The formaldehyde removal efficiency by Ag@Ag_(2) O–Mn Oxcomposite nanowires can reach 93.7%. The high-efficient catalytic activity is confirmed to attribute to the higher surface area of composite nanowires, the high-valence manganese and the silver oxide for oxidation of formaldehyde.
基金The support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52000050,52100024 and 42007115)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Nos.2019M663245 and 2020M670913)+1 种基金Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund(No.LBH-Z20063)State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment(Harbin Institute of Technology)(Nos.2021TS22 and QAK202111)。
文摘Assembling MnO_(2)nanowires into macroscopic membrane is a promising engineered technology for catalyst separation and enhancement of Fenton-like reaction activity,yet its development is limited by the deficiencies in preparation and property modulation of the MnO_(2)nanowires.In this work,we developed a facile method using C_(2)H_5OH and CH_(3)COOK as reductive and vital control reagents to react with KMnO_(4)by hydrothermal reaction at 140℃for 12 h,to prepare the ultralongα-MnO_(2)nanowires up to tens of micrometers with high purity and aspect ratio.Such strategy not only had the advantages of being mild,easily controlled and environmental pollution-free,but also endowedα-MnO_(2)nanowires with excellent ability as a Fenton catalyst when assembled into free-standing membrane for degrading phenolic compounds(k_(obs)=0.0738~0.1695 min^(-1))in a continuous flow reaction.The reactive oxygen species(i.e.,~·OH)from Fenton-like reaction were enriched within thisα-MnO_(2)nanowire membrane via nanoconfinement effect,which further enhanced the mass transportation of~·OH available for phenolic contaminants.MnO_(2)nanowire membrane using our method possessed the high practical potential for water purify due to its easy-preparation and enhanced catalytic performances.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51408528)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (No. E2014203089)
文摘Titania nanowires(TiO2-NW)with tunable aspect ratios and morphologies were directly synthesized using a simple alcohol-thermal technique.Specifically,ethanol and acetic acid were used as solvents and lithium ion was used as the capping agent to promote the conversion of titanium butoxide into TiO2-NW.The morphologies and crystal phases of TiO2-NW were determined by the molar ratio of solvents and the content(mol%)of lithium ion.The band gap of TiO2-NW with pure anatase phase is slightly bigger than that of TiO2-NW with a mixture of anatase and rutile phases.All TiO2-NW could achieve effective decolorization of methyl blue(the decolorization rate is over 95%)after 35-min ultraviolet(UV)irradiation.
基金Project(2017YFB0306100) supported by the National Key Research&Development Plan of ChinaProjects(51801034,51771059) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+3 种基金Projects(2018GDASCX-0949,2018GDASCX-0950,2017GDASCX-0111) supported by the Guangdong Academy of Sciences,ChinaProjects(2017B090916002,2017A070701027) supported by the Guangdong Technical Research Program,ChinaProjects(2016A030312015,2017A030310315) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,ChinaProjects(201605131008557,201707010385) supported by the Technical Research Program of Guangzhou City,China
文摘The commonly-employed material for thermal barrier coatings(TBCs)is 7 wt.%Y2O3 ZrO2(7YSZ),generally deposited by electron beam-physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD).Due to the increasing demand for higher operating temperature in aero-derivative gas turbines,a lot of effort has been made to prevent the premature failure of columnar 7YSZ TBCs,which is induced by the microstructure degradation,sintering and spallation after the deposition of infiltrated siliceous mineral(consisting of calcium magnesium aluminum silicate(CaO MgO Al2O3 SiO2,i.e.,CMAS)).A new method called Al-modification for columnar 7YSZ TBCs against CMAS corrosion was present.The Al film was magnetron-sputtered on the surface of the columnar 7YSZ TBCs,followed by performing vacuum heat treatment of the Al-deposited TBCs.During the heat treatment,the molten Al reacted with ZrO2 to formα-Al2O3 overlay that effectively hindered CMAS infiltration.Moreover,the Al film could evaporate and re-nucleate,leading to the generation of Al2O3 nanowires,which further restrained the moving of molten CMAS.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1867215,11722543,11875211,U1932134)the Suzhou Key Industrial Technology Innovation Project(SYG201828)+2 种基金the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2019CFA036)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042020kf0211)the financial support from the National Science Foundation(U.S.)under grant no.DMR-2003563。
文摘Although computational studies have demonstrated that metal ion doping can effectively narrow the bandgap of TiO_(2),the visible-light photoactivity of metal-doped TiO_(2) photoanodes is still far from satisfactory.Herein,we report an effective strategy to activate the visible-light photoactivity of chromiumimplanted TiO_(2) via the incorporation of oxygen vacancies.The chromium-doped TiO_(2) activated by oxygen vacancies(Cr-TiO_(2)-vac)exhibited an incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency(IPCE)of~6.8%at450 nm,which is one of the best values reported for metal-doped TiO_(2).Moreover,Cr-TiO_(2)-vac showed no obvious photocurrent decay after 100 h under visible-light illumination.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0202603)the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB934103)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51521001,51602239)the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(51425204)Yellow Crane Talent(Science&Technology)Program of Wuhan Citythe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2016III001,2016III003,2016IVA090)the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(B17034)support from the Lorraine Region(nowpart of Grand Est Region)Cooperation Research Lorraine/Hubei Program 2015/2017
文摘In this work, a fast(0.5 h), green microwave-assisted synthesis of single crystalline Sb_2Se_3 nanowires was developed. For the first time we demonstrated a facile solvent-mediated process, whereby intriguing nanostructures including antimony selenide(Sb_2Se_3) nanowires and selenium(Se) microrods can be achieved by merely varying the volume ratio of ethylene glycol(EG) and H_2O free from expensive chemical and additional surfactant. The achieved uniform Sb_2Se_3 nanowire is single crystalline along [001]growth direction with a diameter of 100 nm and a length up to tens of micrometers. When evaluated as an anode of lithium-ion battery, Sb_2Se_3 nanowire can deliver a high reversible capacity of 650.2 m Ah g^(-1) at 100 mA g^(-1) and a capacity retention of 63.8% after long-term 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g^(-1), as well as superior rate capability(389.5 m Ah g^(-1) at 2000 mA g^(-1)). This easy solvent-mediated microwave synthesis approach exhibits its great universe and importance towards the fabrication of high-performance metal chalcogenide electrode materials for future low-cost, large-scale energy storage systems.
基金supported by the Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences(No.1/1859)
文摘TiO2 nanowire arrays were successfully fabricated by liquid-phase deposition method using porous alumina templates. The obtained TiO2 nanowires were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE- SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and selected area electron diffraction （SAED） analysis. Results of electron microscopic observations indicated that the nanowires were smooth and uniform with a diameter of about 50-80 nm and several micrometers in length. SAED, Raman, and XRD mea- surements showed that TiO2 nanowires were single-crystalline with a pure rutile structure after heating at 800 ~C for 10 h. In this situation, the nanowire constituents grew preferentially along the 〈001〉 direction. Furthermore, the formation process and mechanistic study of the Ti02 nanowire arrays were proposed and discussed in detail. The nanowires are clearly produced by the deposition of TiO2 particles on the inner wall of the template nanochannels.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51404032 and No.51504032)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2013AA050904)
文摘Silicon nanowires(SiNWs)with diameter distributions ranging from 80 to 350 nm were prepared by electrochemical reduction of Ni/SiO2 in molten CaCl2.The effect of the content of nickel additives on the morphology of produced silicon was investigated.Large quantities of SiNWs are obtained by the electrochemical reduction of Ni/SiO2 blocks with SiO2 to Ni molar ratio of 20 and 10.Nickel additives repress the growth of irregular branches and promote longitudinal growth of SiNWs.Wire morphologies and surfaces are influenced by the electrolysis temperature.SiNWs become thicker with the increase of the electrolysis temperature.The optimum temperature to prepare single crystal SiNWs with high aspect ratio and extraordinary surface quality seems to be 1173 K.The amorphous layer of the silicon nanowire is thinner compared to the SiNWs obtained from the pure SiO2 pellets.The produced SiNWs show a photoluminescence emission peak at about 758 nm at room temperature.This work demonstrates the potentiality for the electrochemical reduction process to obtain large quantities of SiNWs with high quality.
