This paper is to present a typology of refusal strategies which may be employed in the analysis of refusal performance from a discourse approach.Some previous research carried out is reviewed in order to classify non-...This paper is to present a typology of refusal strategies which may be employed in the analysis of refusal performance from a discourse approach.Some previous research carried out is reviewed in order to classify non-native speakers' production of this speech act.Then,the suggested taxonomy will be described in a systematized way from an interlanguage pragmatic perspective and within a conversational analysis framework.Finally,it is emphasized that effective communicative competence plays an important role in the production of this face-threatening speech act of refusing.展开更多
Authentic and objective material with regard to a certain language is the bare necessity and premise of any kind of linguistic research and then on the basis of the data, corpus-based approach, which is also addressed...Authentic and objective material with regard to a certain language is the bare necessity and premise of any kind of linguistic research and then on the basis of the data, corpus-based approach, which is also addressed as a performance-based approach, has been involved in almost every corner of linguistics. Thus far, it is hardly surprising that some typical Corpora are essential for contemporary Chinese EFL's study. WECCL 2.0, as a representative of interlanguage corpus, is introduced in this paper.展开更多
English language learners' pragmatic competence is related to their success incross-cultural communication. Cognitive approaches, mainly the Noticing Hypothesis and Analysis/Control Model, have provided some insig...English language learners' pragmatic competence is related to their success incross-cultural communication. Cognitive approaches, mainly the Noticing Hypothesis and Analysis/Control Model, have provided some insights into the question of how to effectively develop second language(L2) learners' pragmatic competence. Empirical studies based on cognitive theoretical constructs suggest that pragmatic activitiesthat draw learners' attention and help them control attention to relevant and appropriate information and integrate those forms in real time of communication contribute to the development of interlanguage pragmatic competence.展开更多
The idea of Interlanguage is founded upon the assumption that a second language learner, at any particular moment in his learning process, is using a language system which is neither the first language, nor the second...The idea of Interlanguage is founded upon the assumption that a second language learner, at any particular moment in his learning process, is using a language system which is neither the first language, nor the second language. It is a third language which has its own grammar, lexicon and so on. This article attempts to analyze the sources and features of interlanguage.展开更多
The present study aimed at investigating the reliability and content validity of a comprehensive test of Interlanguage Pragmatics （ILP） developed for the academic situations in the Iranian context. To do so, a meta-...The present study aimed at investigating the reliability and content validity of a comprehensive test of Interlanguage Pragmatics （ILP） developed for the academic situations in the Iranian context. To do so, a meta-analysis of 50 articles which had reported on the tests of ILP was done and the criteria required for the selection of the speech acts of academic situations were developed. Then a Multiple-Choice Discourse Completion Test （MDCT） of interlanguage pragmatics was developed and validated through native checked situations and items based on meta-pragmatics procedures. Participants of the study were 50 M.A. students majoring in TEFL （Teaching English as a Foreign Language） studying at Iranian universities as well as 50 native speakers of English. The findings revealed that the test developed enjoyed high internal consistency and content validity. The present findings could contribute to the fields of second language testing and assessment in general and testing interlanguage pragmatics in particular.展开更多
English writing is the college students’synthetical application about the knowledge of English.English writing,however,is the weak segment of the college students'English learning all the time.Based on the resear...English writing is the college students’synthetical application about the knowledge of English.English writing,however,is the weak segment of the college students'English learning all the time.Based on the researches home and abroad,the paper makes an implicational study on interlanguage fossilization in English writing of Chinese college students.Though probing the causes of fossilization in English writing,the paper proposes some measures to reduce the fossilization.In the chapter one,the paper introduces simply the interlanguage fossilization.In the chapter two,the paper analyzes college students English writing and get the causal factors of fossilization:unfavorite learning motivation of students,ineffective feedback to errors,interference of the mother tongue.Then,at the last chapter,the paper put up some measures to overcome and avoid the fossilization in college students'English writing:promoting students'motivation,providing right feedback,avoiding mother tongue interference.展开更多
The present paper has reviewed the interlanguage pragmatics studies published in the core magazines of foreign study in China in order to outline the state of art at home.Meanwhile,the limitations of studies in the fi...The present paper has reviewed the interlanguage pragmatics studies published in the core magazines of foreign study in China in order to outline the state of art at home.Meanwhile,the limitations of studies in the field are also discussed and suggestions for further research are proposed.展开更多
Universal Grammar,based on the mentalism,is the central part in Chomsky's Generative Grammar.It considers language ac quisition in terms of the inner language faculty.It is of great help in first language acquisit...Universal Grammar,based on the mentalism,is the central part in Chomsky's Generative Grammar.It considers language ac quisition in terms of the inner language faculty.It is of great help in first language acquisition(FLA) and explains reasonably many practical problems.As for the relationship between Universal Grammar and Second Language Acquisition(SLA),there is no definite conclusion un til now.The main hypotheses are no-access,direct-access and indirect-access.Interlanguage,as a unique language system,is an interim language between native language and target language.Therefore,it involves the characteristics of the native language and of the target one.This paper attempts to investigate the relationship between UG and SLA based on the interpretation of the usage of UG in FLA,and then to discuss the accessibility of UG to the Interlanguage development.展开更多
This paper reviews the articles with ＂fossilization of interlanguage＂ as key words in CNKI, and classifies and analyzes them from six aspects： fossilization and FL teaching; concept, origin and avoidance of fossili...This paper reviews the articles with ＂fossilization of interlanguage＂ as key words in CNKI, and classifies and analyzes them from six aspects： fossilization and FL teaching; concept, origin and avoidance of fossilization; L1 transfer on fossilization; fossilization and linguistic output; Discourse markers and fossilization; the fossilization of interlanguage from psychology or cognition. It is intended to probe fossilization and its enlightenment and reference to SLA.展开更多
The author designed a questionnaire,emailed and interviewed thirty advanced L2 learners who work as L2 lecturers in a university to get a survey on the processing of fossilization in their foreign language learning an...The author designed a questionnaire,emailed and interviewed thirty advanced L2 learners who work as L2 lecturers in a university to get a survey on the processing of fossilization in their foreign language learning and teaching from the causes of purpose of learning,teaching tasks and other factors involved.All of the subjects thought that their command of the target language was not as good as a native speaker’s of target language in many aspects.That is,there existed fossilization among them.However,most of them agreed that their command of the target language was adequate for their professional and communication needs.Results also suggest that fossilization can be conscious to this group of L2 learners;it is deeply related with the L2 learners’ motivations;it can be affected by personal features such as ages,learning styles and teaching tasks;it is changeable and unpredictable; and it is difficult to eradicate.展开更多
In this paper,analysis of a subject’s interlanguage will be focused on the features of morphology,syntax and lexical items by describing the language the subject produced when be used a second language in writing and...In this paper,analysis of a subject’s interlanguage will be focused on the features of morphology,syntax and lexical items by describing the language the subject produced when be used a second language in writing and explaining what are the major sources of the errors he made.It aims to find out how the learner acquires the language in the way he does and its implication to second language acquisition.展开更多
Interlanguage Theory was first proposed by Selinker.It refers to the bridging language between the source language and target language constructed by the second language learners,which is a constantly dynamic moving t...Interlanguage Theory was first proposed by Selinker.It refers to the bridging language between the source language and target language constructed by the second language learners,which is a constantly dynamic moving toward the target language.Chomsky’s Universal Grammar(UG)has played an important role in expaining the native language acquisition.This paper,on the basis of UG’s impact on the native language,focuses on UG’s influence on the interlanguage development.展开更多
continuum of reading smoothly.This paper tries to explore the possible ways to help students to improve their reading competence by employing the Interlanguage theory in reading course.Based on the five central proces...continuum of reading smoothly.This paper tries to explore the possible ways to help students to improve their reading competence by employing the Interlanguage theory in reading course.Based on the five central processes that may lead to fossilization of second language learning,the paper tries to find out ways to solve the problems.展开更多
This article develops an empirical an investigation on the errors in compositions written by students who are studying in Luzhou Vocational and Technical College （LVTC） and Luzhou Medical College （LMC） and contras...This article develops an empirical an investigation on the errors in compositions written by students who are studying in Luzhou Vocational and Technical College （LVTC） and Luzhou Medical College （LMC） and contrasts them in order to trace the source of the errors. It finally turns out to be that there exists strong correlation between students＇ academic quality and the number of errors of various types. Compared with ordinary university students, vocational and technical college （VTC） students＇ interlanguage （IL） errors seem to be more rudimental, and more negative-transferring, most of which are influenced by their mother tongue （MT）-Chinese. VTC students＇ general error in writing is misspelling, while university students ＇ major error lies in collocation. In this thesis, some practical enlightenment about learning and teaching English writing are also proposed.展开更多
During the process of language acquisition, interlanguage fossilization is a common phenomenon among second language learners. Based on Vygotskian approaches, this paper looks at the causes of interlanguage fossilizat...During the process of language acquisition, interlanguage fossilization is a common phenomenon among second language learners. Based on Vygotskian approaches, this paper looks at the causes of interlanguage fossilization, including social identity, learners' motivation, the influence of one's mother tongue and learning styles. By vividly incorporating my own language learning experience, this paper intends to explain how theory can be applied to practice; thereby attempting to shed light on second language learning and teaching. In conclusion, this paper suggests that teachers should get to know their students by paying attention to the most influential factors and encourage interpersonal interaction.展开更多
Negative pragmatic transfer (NPT) is nothing but a difference of saying things between non native speakers and native speakers. It occupies an important position in interlanguage pragmatics whose mission is to scrutin...Negative pragmatic transfer (NPT) is nothing but a difference of saying things between non native speakers and native speakers. It occupies an important position in interlanguage pragmatics whose mission is to scrutinize how non native speakers do things with words with L2. This paper reported that 4 NPT related aspects have been heavily documented in the current literature: 1) L1 negative pragmatic transfers at the speech act level; 2) the distinction between negative pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic transfers; 3) conditions of negative pragmatic transfers; and 4) native speaker’s attitudes towards L1 negative pragmatic transfers. Consequently, issues for future studies are also raised.展开更多
文摘This paper is to present a typology of refusal strategies which may be employed in the analysis of refusal performance from a discourse approach.Some previous research carried out is reviewed in order to classify non-native speakers' production of this speech act.Then,the suggested taxonomy will be described in a systematized way from an interlanguage pragmatic perspective and within a conversational analysis framework.Finally,it is emphasized that effective communicative competence plays an important role in the production of this face-threatening speech act of refusing.
文摘Authentic and objective material with regard to a certain language is the bare necessity and premise of any kind of linguistic research and then on the basis of the data, corpus-based approach, which is also addressed as a performance-based approach, has been involved in almost every corner of linguistics. Thus far, it is hardly surprising that some typical Corpora are essential for contemporary Chinese EFL's study. WECCL 2.0, as a representative of interlanguage corpus, is introduced in this paper.
文摘English language learners' pragmatic competence is related to their success incross-cultural communication. Cognitive approaches, mainly the Noticing Hypothesis and Analysis/Control Model, have provided some insights into the question of how to effectively develop second language(L2) learners' pragmatic competence. Empirical studies based on cognitive theoretical constructs suggest that pragmatic activitiesthat draw learners' attention and help them control attention to relevant and appropriate information and integrate those forms in real time of communication contribute to the development of interlanguage pragmatic competence.
文摘The idea of Interlanguage is founded upon the assumption that a second language learner, at any particular moment in his learning process, is using a language system which is neither the first language, nor the second language. It is a third language which has its own grammar, lexicon and so on. This article attempts to analyze the sources and features of interlanguage.
文摘The present study aimed at investigating the reliability and content validity of a comprehensive test of Interlanguage Pragmatics （ILP） developed for the academic situations in the Iranian context. To do so, a meta-analysis of 50 articles which had reported on the tests of ILP was done and the criteria required for the selection of the speech acts of academic situations were developed. Then a Multiple-Choice Discourse Completion Test （MDCT） of interlanguage pragmatics was developed and validated through native checked situations and items based on meta-pragmatics procedures. Participants of the study were 50 M.A. students majoring in TEFL （Teaching English as a Foreign Language） studying at Iranian universities as well as 50 native speakers of English. The findings revealed that the test developed enjoyed high internal consistency and content validity. The present findings could contribute to the fields of second language testing and assessment in general and testing interlanguage pragmatics in particular.
文摘English writing is the college students’synthetical application about the knowledge of English.English writing,however,is the weak segment of the college students'English learning all the time.Based on the researches home and abroad,the paper makes an implicational study on interlanguage fossilization in English writing of Chinese college students.Though probing the causes of fossilization in English writing,the paper proposes some measures to reduce the fossilization.In the chapter one,the paper introduces simply the interlanguage fossilization.In the chapter two,the paper analyzes college students English writing and get the causal factors of fossilization:unfavorite learning motivation of students,ineffective feedback to errors,interference of the mother tongue.Then,at the last chapter,the paper put up some measures to overcome and avoid the fossilization in college students'English writing:promoting students'motivation,providing right feedback,avoiding mother tongue interference.
文摘The present paper has reviewed the interlanguage pragmatics studies published in the core magazines of foreign study in China in order to outline the state of art at home.Meanwhile,the limitations of studies in the field are also discussed and suggestions for further research are proposed.
文摘Universal Grammar,based on the mentalism,is the central part in Chomsky's Generative Grammar.It considers language ac quisition in terms of the inner language faculty.It is of great help in first language acquisition(FLA) and explains reasonably many practical problems.As for the relationship between Universal Grammar and Second Language Acquisition(SLA),there is no definite conclusion un til now.The main hypotheses are no-access,direct-access and indirect-access.Interlanguage,as a unique language system,is an interim language between native language and target language.Therefore,it involves the characteristics of the native language and of the target one.This paper attempts to investigate the relationship between UG and SLA based on the interpretation of the usage of UG in FLA,and then to discuss the accessibility of UG to the Interlanguage development.
文摘This paper reviews the articles with ＂fossilization of interlanguage＂ as key words in CNKI, and classifies and analyzes them from six aspects： fossilization and FL teaching; concept, origin and avoidance of fossilization; L1 transfer on fossilization; fossilization and linguistic output; Discourse markers and fossilization; the fossilization of interlanguage from psychology or cognition. It is intended to probe fossilization and its enlightenment and reference to SLA.
文摘The author designed a questionnaire,emailed and interviewed thirty advanced L2 learners who work as L2 lecturers in a university to get a survey on the processing of fossilization in their foreign language learning and teaching from the causes of purpose of learning,teaching tasks and other factors involved.All of the subjects thought that their command of the target language was not as good as a native speaker’s of target language in many aspects.That is,there existed fossilization among them.However,most of them agreed that their command of the target language was adequate for their professional and communication needs.Results also suggest that fossilization can be conscious to this group of L2 learners;it is deeply related with the L2 learners’ motivations;it can be affected by personal features such as ages,learning styles and teaching tasks;it is changeable and unpredictable; and it is difficult to eradicate.
文摘In this paper,analysis of a subject’s interlanguage will be focused on the features of morphology,syntax and lexical items by describing the language the subject produced when be used a second language in writing and explaining what are the major sources of the errors he made.It aims to find out how the learner acquires the language in the way he does and its implication to second language acquisition.
文摘Interlanguage Theory was first proposed by Selinker.It refers to the bridging language between the source language and target language constructed by the second language learners,which is a constantly dynamic moving toward the target language.Chomsky’s Universal Grammar(UG)has played an important role in expaining the native language acquisition.This paper,on the basis of UG’s impact on the native language,focuses on UG’s influence on the interlanguage development.
文摘continuum of reading smoothly.This paper tries to explore the possible ways to help students to improve their reading competence by employing the Interlanguage theory in reading course.Based on the five central processes that may lead to fossilization of second language learning,the paper tries to find out ways to solve the problems.
文摘This article develops an empirical an investigation on the errors in compositions written by students who are studying in Luzhou Vocational and Technical College （LVTC） and Luzhou Medical College （LMC） and contrasts them in order to trace the source of the errors. It finally turns out to be that there exists strong correlation between students＇ academic quality and the number of errors of various types. Compared with ordinary university students, vocational and technical college （VTC） students＇ interlanguage （IL） errors seem to be more rudimental, and more negative-transferring, most of which are influenced by their mother tongue （MT）-Chinese. VTC students＇ general error in writing is misspelling, while university students ＇ major error lies in collocation. In this thesis, some practical enlightenment about learning and teaching English writing are also proposed.
文摘During the process of language acquisition, interlanguage fossilization is a common phenomenon among second language learners. Based on Vygotskian approaches, this paper looks at the causes of interlanguage fossilization, including social identity, learners' motivation, the influence of one's mother tongue and learning styles. By vividly incorporating my own language learning experience, this paper intends to explain how theory can be applied to practice; thereby attempting to shed light on second language learning and teaching. In conclusion, this paper suggests that teachers should get to know their students by paying attention to the most influential factors and encourage interpersonal interaction.
文摘Negative pragmatic transfer (NPT) is nothing but a difference of saying things between non native speakers and native speakers. It occupies an important position in interlanguage pragmatics whose mission is to scrutinize how non native speakers do things with words with L2. This paper reported that 4 NPT related aspects have been heavily documented in the current literature: 1) L1 negative pragmatic transfers at the speech act level; 2) the distinction between negative pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic transfers; 3) conditions of negative pragmatic transfers; and 4) native speaker’s attitudes towards L1 negative pragmatic transfers. Consequently, issues for future studies are also raised.
