Objective:An increasing number of studies indicate that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury,and that regulating autophagy can enhance recovery from spinal cord injury.However,th...Objective:An increasing number of studies indicate that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury,and that regulating autophagy can enhance recovery from spinal cord injury.However,the effect of regulating autophagy and whether autophagy is detrimental or beneficial after spinal cord injury remain unclear.Therefore,in this study we evaluated the effects of autophagy regulation on spinal cord injury in rats by direct and indirect comparison,in an effort to provide a basis for further research.Data source:Relevant literature published from inception to February 1,2018 were included by searching Wanfang,CNKI,Web of Science,MEDLINE(OvidSP),PubMed and Google Scholar in English and Chinese.The keywords included"autophagy","spinal cord injury",and"rat".Data selection:The literature included in vivo experimental studies on autophagy regulation in the treatment of spinal cord injury(including intervention pre-and post-spinal cord injury).Meta-analyses were conducted at different time points to compare the therapeutic effects of promoting or inhibiting autophagy,and subgroup analyses were also conducted.Outcome measure:Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores.Results:Of the 622 studies,33 studies of median quality were included in the analyses.Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=1.80,95%CI:0.81-2.79,P=0.0004),3 days(MD=0.92,95%CI:0.72-1.13,P<0.00001),1 week(MD=2.39,95%CI:1.85-2.92,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=3.26,95%CI:2.40-4.13,P<0.00001),3 weeks(MD=3.13,95%CI:2.51-3.75,P<0.00001)and 4 weeks(MD=3.18,95%CI:2.43-3.92,P<0.00001)after spinal cord injury with upregulation of autophagy compared with the control group(drug solvent control,such as saline group).Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=6.48,95%CI:5.83-7.13,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=2.43,95%CI:0.79-4.07,P=0.004),3 weeks(MD=2.96,95%CI:0.09-5.84,P=0.04)and 4 weeks(MD=4.41,95%CI:1.08-7.75,P=0.01)after spinal cord injury with downregulation of autophagy compared with the control group.Indirect comparison of upregulation and downregulation of autophagy showed no differences in Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores at 1 day(MD=-4.68,95%CI:-5.840 to-3.496,P=0.94644),3 days(MD=-0.28,95%CI:-2.231-1.671,P=0.99448),1 week(MD=1.83,95%CI:0.0076-3.584,P=0.94588),2 weeks(MD=0.81,95%CI:-0.850-2.470,P=0.93055),3 weeks(MD=0.17,95%Cl:-2.771-3.111,P=0.99546)or 4 weeks(MD=-1.23,95%Cl:-4.647-2.187,P=0.98264)compared with the control group.Conclusion:Regulation of autophagy improves neurological function,whether it is upregulated or downregulated.There was no difference between upregulation and downregulation of autophagy in the treatment of spinal cord injury.The variability in results among the studies may be associated with differences in research methods,the lack of clearly defined autophagy characteristics after spinal cord injury,and the limited autophagy monitoring techniques.Thus,methods should be standardized,and the dynamic regulation of autophagy should be examined in future studies.展开更多
According to Customs-info network, China totally exported about 26,200 tons of rare earth products during the first half of 2017, valuing $204 million or $7.77 per kg. Export volume rose by 15.32 percent year-on-year ...According to Customs-info network, China totally exported about 26,200 tons of rare earth products during the first half of 2017, valuing $204 million or $7.77 per kg. Export volume rose by 15.32 percent year-on-year but export value dropped down by 20.82 percent. Export of rare earth metals reached 2,760 tons with an export value of $3.42 million or $12.40 per kilogram. The export volume of rare earth compounds was about 23,500 tons, with an export value of $169 million or $7.22 per kg. The rare earth export market has been continuing the trend of prices falling.展开更多
ARP-based Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks due to ARP-storms can happen in local area networks where many computer systems are infected by worms such as Code Red or by DDoS agents. In ARP attack, the DDoS ...ARP-based Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks due to ARP-storms can happen in local area networks where many computer systems are infected by worms such as Code Red or by DDoS agents. In ARP attack, the DDoS agents constantly send a barrage of ARP requests to the gateway, or to a victim computer within the same sub-network, and tie up the resource of attacked gateway or host. In this paper, we set to measure the impact of ARP-attack on resource exhaustion of computers in a local area network. Based on attack experiments, we measure the exhaustion of processing and memory resources of a victim computer and also other computers, which are located on the same network as the victim computer. Interestingly enough, it is observed that an ARP-attack not only exhausts resource of the victim computer but also significantly exhausts processing resource of other non-victim computers, which happen to be located on the same local area network as the victim computer.展开更多
Posture adjustment of open-type hard rock tunnel boring machine(TBM) can be achieved by properly adjusting the hydraulic pressure of gripper cylinder and torque cylinders. However, the time-varying inhomogeneous load ...Posture adjustment of open-type hard rock tunnel boring machine(TBM) can be achieved by properly adjusting the hydraulic pressure of gripper cylinder and torque cylinders. However, the time-varying inhomogeneous load acting on tunneling face of TBM and complex stratum working condition can cause the trajectory deviation. In this paper,the position and posture rectification kinematics and dynamics models of TBM have been established in order to track the trajectory. Moreover, there are uncertain parameters and uncertain loads from complex working conditions in the dynamic model. An indirect adaptive robust control strategy is applied to achieve precise position and posture trajectory tracking control. Simulation results show when the position deviation only occurs in Y-axis and the current orientation is parallel with the designed axis, the deviation can be corrected by controlling the pressure of gripper cylinder and the actual trajectory meets the designed axis when TBM is pushed forward 0.14 m in X-axis. If the deviation only occurs in Z-axis, then the deviation can be corrected by controlling torque cylinders. If the position deviation occurs both in Y-axis and Z-axis at the same time, the pressure of gripper cylinder and torque cylinders should be controlled at the same time to rectify the deviation. Simulation results are shown to illustrate the e ectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller. This research proposes an indirect adaptive robust controller that can track the planned tracking trajectory smoothly and rapidly.展开更多
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is a sensitive and rapid technique for determining traces of inorganic cations in water samples. CZE with indirect UV-diode array detection (CZE-DAD) was utilized to identify sever...Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is a sensitive and rapid technique for determining traces of inorganic cations in water samples. CZE with indirect UV-diode array detection (CZE-DAD) was utilized to identify several inorganic cations in natural, potable, and wastewater samples. A pH 4.35 background electrolyte system was employed and consisted of 15 mM imidazole, 8 mM malonic acid, 2 mM 18-crown-6 ether as complexing agents, 10% v/v methanol as an organic modifier with indirect absorbance reference at 214 nm. The CZE method involved electromigration injection at 5 kV for 5 s, a separation voltage of 20 kV at 25℃, and a detection wavelength of 280 nm. Six main cations (ammonium , potassium K+, calcium Ca2+, sodium Na+, magnesium Mg2+, and lead Pb2+) were tested, and all but lead, were detected in the water samples at concentrations between 0.03 and 755 ppm with a detection limit ranging between 0.023 and 0.084 ppm. The successful evaluation of the proposed methodology allowed us to reliably detect and separate six metal ions in different water samples without any pretreatment. All water samples were collected from Northern New York towns and the Raquette River water system, the third longest river in New York State and the largest watershed of the central and western Adirondacks.展开更多
Chicken anaemia virus (CAV) causes a viral disease in chickens worldwide and thus has economic importance. The main aim of this study was to develop a rapid, sensitive and specific VP1-CAVI indirect ELISA for the dete...Chicken anaemia virus (CAV) causes a viral disease in chickens worldwide and thus has economic importance. The main aim of this study was to develop a rapid, sensitive and specific VP1-CAVI indirect ELISA for the detection of CAV infection. The CAV-VP1, was separately cloned and expressed in recombinant E. coli. The purified recombinant CAV-VP1 protein was then coated as an antigen on an ELISA plates to evaluate its reactivity against chicken sera. The resulting indirect ELISA was then compared with a commercial ELISA. The specificity and sensitivity of the indirect ELISA were measured as 93.3% and 100%, respectively. A t-test produced a t-value of 15.805 for the indirect ELISA and revealed a significant difference between CAV-positive serum and CAV-negative serum (p-value of 0.001). For the second variable (i.e., a commercial ELISA), the t-test yielded a t-value of 5.063, which revealed a significant difference between CAV-positive serum and CAV-negative serum (p-value of 0.015). This intervention produces statistically significant improvements in both variables (p-values < 0.05). The correlation coefficient for the indirect ELISA was r = 0.93. Therefore, this work can be considered as a new achievement in diagnosis for Chicken anaemia virus in chicken flocks.展开更多
This paper mainly studies the Japanese policy, especially the Positive List System and Health Quarantine System, on the Chinese agricultural products exports, taking the frozen vegetable for example. The authors carry...This paper mainly studies the Japanese policy, especially the Positive List System and Health Quarantine System, on the Chinese agricultural products exports, taking the frozen vegetable for example. The authors carry out studies on the related polices, consider the non-policy factors, making comparative analysis among the three countries: China, the USA and Thailand, utilizing trade gravity model. Finally the authors present suggestions to the breaking of the trade barriers.展开更多
Many signalized intersections are characterized with frequent left-turn moves. Vehicles waiting for a protected left turn may form long queues, which will increase the intersection delay and negatively impact the netw...Many signalized intersections are characterized with frequent left-turn moves. Vehicles waiting for a protected left turn may form long queues, which will increase the intersection delay and negatively impact the network performance. Researchers and practitioners across various countries underline that access management leads to a smoother traffic flow. One way of access management at intersections is to eliminate the direct left-turn maneuver. This study aims to evaluate how the traffic conditions will be affected from replacing the direct left turn with the right-turn U-turn maneuver at intersections. In case of the right-turn U-turn maneuver, a vehicle turns right instead of making the left turn and travels either to the median opening or to the next intersection to make a U-turn. Two simulation models are built using the Synchro Studio and Aimsun simulation software packages based on the data, collected from one of the busiest intersections in Tehran (Iran), to quantify the effects of replacing the direct left turn with the right-turn U-turn maneuver on the intersection and network performance. Results of a comprehensive simulation analysis indicate that the proposed access management treatment not only significantly reduces the total vehicle queue length and the total delay at the considered intersection, but also decreases the total network delay and the total travel time. Furthermore, elimination of the direct left turn increases the number of vehicles entering the network.展开更多
In January and February of 2025,China's textile and clothing exports totaled 42.88 billion US dollars,marking a 4.5%decrease compared to the same period in the previous year.The primary factors contributing to thi...In January and February of 2025,China's textile and clothing exports totaled 42.88 billion US dollars,marking a 4.5%decrease compared to the same period in the previous year.The primary factors contributing to this decline are as follows:First,China’s textile and clothing exports nearly reached USD 45 billion in January and February of 2024,setting a high base.Second,in order to avoid tariffs imposed by the United States,enterprises generally concentrated their exports at the end of last year and January this year.展开更多
The traditional cryptographic security techniques are not sufficient for secure routing of message from source to destination in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), because it requires sophisticated software, hardware, l...The traditional cryptographic security techniques are not sufficient for secure routing of message from source to destination in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), because it requires sophisticated software, hardware, large memory, high processing speed and communication bandwidth. It is not economic and feasible because, depending on the application, WSN nodes are high-volume in number (hence, limited resources at each node), deployment area may be hazardous, unattended and/or hostile and sometimes dangerous. As WSNs are characterized by severely constrained resources and requirement to operate in an ad-hoc manner, security functionality implementation to protect nodes from adversary forces and secure routing of message from source node to base station has become a challenging task. In this paper, we present a direct trust dependent link state routing using route trusts which protects WSNs against routing attacks by eliminating the un-trusted nodes before making routes and finding best trustworthy route among them. We compare our work with the most prevalent routing protocols and show its benefits over them.展开更多
Since the beginning of this year, the China-US economic and trade tensions have brought many challenges to China's clothing export companies. Nevertheless, in the face of difficulties, China's clothing foreign...Since the beginning of this year, the China-US economic and trade tensions have brought many challenges to China's clothing export companies. Nevertheless, in the face of difficulties, China's clothing foreign trade still shows strong resilience and adaptability. From January to May, China's clothing exports showed characteristics such as increased volume, lower prices, category differentiation, and multi-point market layout. Meanwhile, Chinese clothing companies have actively responded to trade friction impacts by closely monitoring tariff negotiations, accelerating transformation and upgrading, exploring diversified international markets, and deepening domestic markets.展开更多
The Swiss textile machinery industry has staged a strong recovery in the first half of 2025,with export volumes rising by 12.2%compared to the same period last year.This positive rebound marks a significant turnaround...The Swiss textile machinery industry has staged a strong recovery in the first half of 2025,with export volumes rising by 12.2%compared to the same period last year.This positive rebound marks a significant turnaround from a challenging 2024,which saw exports decline by 17.7%.The upturn is fueled by renewed demand from key Asian markets,including China,India,and Bangladesh,alongside growing interest from Southeast Asia and North Africa.This resurgence highlights the resilience of Swiss manufacturers and the global industry's ongoing drive toward advanced and sustainable technologies,even amidst complex global economic conditions.展开更多
China’s Dongfang Electric Machinery successfully completed the manufacturing of the first batch of embedded components for six turbines it is supplying for the Koysha Hydroelectric Dam project in Ethiopia.Transported...China’s Dongfang Electric Machinery successfully completed the manufacturing of the first batch of embedded components for six turbines it is supplying for the Koysha Hydroelectric Dam project in Ethiopia.Transported by land and sea,these parts will arrive on site in three months.Once completed,the power plant will generate more than 6 billion kwh of electricity annually,reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 1 million tonnes per year.展开更多
Ghana’s Tema Port marked a historic milestone on 16 January 2024 with the arrival of Maersk Edirne,a 13,676-TEU container vessel-one of the largest of its kind globally-as part of Maersk’s newly launched Far East-We...Ghana’s Tema Port marked a historic milestone on 16 January 2024 with the arrival of Maersk Edirne,a 13,676-TEU container vessel-one of the largest of its kind globally-as part of Maersk’s newly launched Far East-West Africa express service.展开更多
基金supported by the Beijing Excellent Talent Training Foundation of China,No.2017000021469G215(to DZhang)the Natural Science Foundation of Capital Medical University of China,No.PYZ2018081(to DZhang)the Youth Science Foundation of Beijing Tiantan Hospital of China,No.2016-YQN-14(to DZhang)
文摘Objective:An increasing number of studies indicate that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury,and that regulating autophagy can enhance recovery from spinal cord injury.However,the effect of regulating autophagy and whether autophagy is detrimental or beneficial after spinal cord injury remain unclear.Therefore,in this study we evaluated the effects of autophagy regulation on spinal cord injury in rats by direct and indirect comparison,in an effort to provide a basis for further research.Data source:Relevant literature published from inception to February 1,2018 were included by searching Wanfang,CNKI,Web of Science,MEDLINE(OvidSP),PubMed and Google Scholar in English and Chinese.The keywords included"autophagy","spinal cord injury",and"rat".Data selection:The literature included in vivo experimental studies on autophagy regulation in the treatment of spinal cord injury(including intervention pre-and post-spinal cord injury).Meta-analyses were conducted at different time points to compare the therapeutic effects of promoting or inhibiting autophagy,and subgroup analyses were also conducted.Outcome measure:Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores.Results:Of the 622 studies,33 studies of median quality were included in the analyses.Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=1.80,95%CI:0.81-2.79,P=0.0004),3 days(MD=0.92,95%CI:0.72-1.13,P<0.00001),1 week(MD=2.39,95%CI:1.85-2.92,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=3.26,95%CI:2.40-4.13,P<0.00001),3 weeks(MD=3.13,95%CI:2.51-3.75,P<0.00001)and 4 weeks(MD=3.18,95%CI:2.43-3.92,P<0.00001)after spinal cord injury with upregulation of autophagy compared with the control group(drug solvent control,such as saline group).Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=6.48,95%CI:5.83-7.13,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=2.43,95%CI:0.79-4.07,P=0.004),3 weeks(MD=2.96,95%CI:0.09-5.84,P=0.04)and 4 weeks(MD=4.41,95%CI:1.08-7.75,P=0.01)after spinal cord injury with downregulation of autophagy compared with the control group.Indirect comparison of upregulation and downregulation of autophagy showed no differences in Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores at 1 day(MD=-4.68,95%CI:-5.840 to-3.496,P=0.94644),3 days(MD=-0.28,95%CI:-2.231-1.671,P=0.99448),1 week(MD=1.83,95%CI:0.0076-3.584,P=0.94588),2 weeks(MD=0.81,95%CI:-0.850-2.470,P=0.93055),3 weeks(MD=0.17,95%Cl:-2.771-3.111,P=0.99546)or 4 weeks(MD=-1.23,95%Cl:-4.647-2.187,P=0.98264)compared with the control group.Conclusion:Regulation of autophagy improves neurological function,whether it is upregulated or downregulated.There was no difference between upregulation and downregulation of autophagy in the treatment of spinal cord injury.The variability in results among the studies may be associated with differences in research methods,the lack of clearly defined autophagy characteristics after spinal cord injury,and the limited autophagy monitoring techniques.Thus,methods should be standardized,and the dynamic regulation of autophagy should be examined in future studies.
文摘According to Customs-info network, China totally exported about 26,200 tons of rare earth products during the first half of 2017, valuing $204 million or $7.77 per kg. Export volume rose by 15.32 percent year-on-year but export value dropped down by 20.82 percent. Export of rare earth metals reached 2,760 tons with an export value of $3.42 million or $12.40 per kilogram. The export volume of rare earth compounds was about 23,500 tons, with an export value of $169 million or $7.22 per kg. The rare earth export market has been continuing the trend of prices falling.
文摘ARP-based Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks due to ARP-storms can happen in local area networks where many computer systems are infected by worms such as Code Red or by DDoS agents. In ARP attack, the DDoS agents constantly send a barrage of ARP requests to the gateway, or to a victim computer within the same sub-network, and tie up the resource of attacked gateway or host. In this paper, we set to measure the impact of ARP-attack on resource exhaustion of computers in a local area network. Based on attack experiments, we measure the exhaustion of processing and memory resources of a victim computer and also other computers, which are located on the same network as the victim computer. Interestingly enough, it is observed that an ARP-attack not only exhausts resource of the victim computer but also significantly exhausts processing resource of other non-victim computers, which happen to be located on the same local area network as the victim computer.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,Grant No.2013CB035406)Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61621002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61633019)
文摘Posture adjustment of open-type hard rock tunnel boring machine(TBM) can be achieved by properly adjusting the hydraulic pressure of gripper cylinder and torque cylinders. However, the time-varying inhomogeneous load acting on tunneling face of TBM and complex stratum working condition can cause the trajectory deviation. In this paper,the position and posture rectification kinematics and dynamics models of TBM have been established in order to track the trajectory. Moreover, there are uncertain parameters and uncertain loads from complex working conditions in the dynamic model. An indirect adaptive robust control strategy is applied to achieve precise position and posture trajectory tracking control. Simulation results show when the position deviation only occurs in Y-axis and the current orientation is parallel with the designed axis, the deviation can be corrected by controlling the pressure of gripper cylinder and the actual trajectory meets the designed axis when TBM is pushed forward 0.14 m in X-axis. If the deviation only occurs in Z-axis, then the deviation can be corrected by controlling torque cylinders. If the position deviation occurs both in Y-axis and Z-axis at the same time, the pressure of gripper cylinder and torque cylinders should be controlled at the same time to rectify the deviation. Simulation results are shown to illustrate the e ectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller. This research proposes an indirect adaptive robust controller that can track the planned tracking trajectory smoothly and rapidly.
文摘Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is a sensitive and rapid technique for determining traces of inorganic cations in water samples. CZE with indirect UV-diode array detection (CZE-DAD) was utilized to identify several inorganic cations in natural, potable, and wastewater samples. A pH 4.35 background electrolyte system was employed and consisted of 15 mM imidazole, 8 mM malonic acid, 2 mM 18-crown-6 ether as complexing agents, 10% v/v methanol as an organic modifier with indirect absorbance reference at 214 nm. The CZE method involved electromigration injection at 5 kV for 5 s, a separation voltage of 20 kV at 25℃, and a detection wavelength of 280 nm. Six main cations (ammonium , potassium K+, calcium Ca2+, sodium Na+, magnesium Mg2+, and lead Pb2+) were tested, and all but lead, were detected in the water samples at concentrations between 0.03 and 755 ppm with a detection limit ranging between 0.023 and 0.084 ppm. The successful evaluation of the proposed methodology allowed us to reliably detect and separate six metal ions in different water samples without any pretreatment. All water samples were collected from Northern New York towns and the Raquette River water system, the third longest river in New York State and the largest watershed of the central and western Adirondacks.
文摘Chicken anaemia virus (CAV) causes a viral disease in chickens worldwide and thus has economic importance. The main aim of this study was to develop a rapid, sensitive and specific VP1-CAVI indirect ELISA for the detection of CAV infection. The CAV-VP1, was separately cloned and expressed in recombinant E. coli. The purified recombinant CAV-VP1 protein was then coated as an antigen on an ELISA plates to evaluate its reactivity against chicken sera. The resulting indirect ELISA was then compared with a commercial ELISA. The specificity and sensitivity of the indirect ELISA were measured as 93.3% and 100%, respectively. A t-test produced a t-value of 15.805 for the indirect ELISA and revealed a significant difference between CAV-positive serum and CAV-negative serum (p-value of 0.001). For the second variable (i.e., a commercial ELISA), the t-test yielded a t-value of 5.063, which revealed a significant difference between CAV-positive serum and CAV-negative serum (p-value of 0.015). This intervention produces statistically significant improvements in both variables (p-values < 0.05). The correlation coefficient for the indirect ELISA was r = 0.93. Therefore, this work can be considered as a new achievement in diagnosis for Chicken anaemia virus in chicken flocks.
文摘This paper mainly studies the Japanese policy, especially the Positive List System and Health Quarantine System, on the Chinese agricultural products exports, taking the frozen vegetable for example. The authors carry out studies on the related polices, consider the non-policy factors, making comparative analysis among the three countries: China, the USA and Thailand, utilizing trade gravity model. Finally the authors present suggestions to the breaking of the trade barriers.
文摘Many signalized intersections are characterized with frequent left-turn moves. Vehicles waiting for a protected left turn may form long queues, which will increase the intersection delay and negatively impact the network performance. Researchers and practitioners across various countries underline that access management leads to a smoother traffic flow. One way of access management at intersections is to eliminate the direct left-turn maneuver. This study aims to evaluate how the traffic conditions will be affected from replacing the direct left turn with the right-turn U-turn maneuver at intersections. In case of the right-turn U-turn maneuver, a vehicle turns right instead of making the left turn and travels either to the median opening or to the next intersection to make a U-turn. Two simulation models are built using the Synchro Studio and Aimsun simulation software packages based on the data, collected from one of the busiest intersections in Tehran (Iran), to quantify the effects of replacing the direct left turn with the right-turn U-turn maneuver on the intersection and network performance. Results of a comprehensive simulation analysis indicate that the proposed access management treatment not only significantly reduces the total vehicle queue length and the total delay at the considered intersection, but also decreases the total network delay and the total travel time. Furthermore, elimination of the direct left turn increases the number of vehicles entering the network.
文摘In January and February of 2025,China's textile and clothing exports totaled 42.88 billion US dollars,marking a 4.5%decrease compared to the same period in the previous year.The primary factors contributing to this decline are as follows:First,China’s textile and clothing exports nearly reached USD 45 billion in January and February of 2024,setting a high base.Second,in order to avoid tariffs imposed by the United States,enterprises generally concentrated their exports at the end of last year and January this year.
文摘The traditional cryptographic security techniques are not sufficient for secure routing of message from source to destination in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), because it requires sophisticated software, hardware, large memory, high processing speed and communication bandwidth. It is not economic and feasible because, depending on the application, WSN nodes are high-volume in number (hence, limited resources at each node), deployment area may be hazardous, unattended and/or hostile and sometimes dangerous. As WSNs are characterized by severely constrained resources and requirement to operate in an ad-hoc manner, security functionality implementation to protect nodes from adversary forces and secure routing of message from source node to base station has become a challenging task. In this paper, we present a direct trust dependent link state routing using route trusts which protects WSNs against routing attacks by eliminating the un-trusted nodes before making routes and finding best trustworthy route among them. We compare our work with the most prevalent routing protocols and show its benefits over them.
文摘Since the beginning of this year, the China-US economic and trade tensions have brought many challenges to China's clothing export companies. Nevertheless, in the face of difficulties, China's clothing foreign trade still shows strong resilience and adaptability. From January to May, China's clothing exports showed characteristics such as increased volume, lower prices, category differentiation, and multi-point market layout. Meanwhile, Chinese clothing companies have actively responded to trade friction impacts by closely monitoring tariff negotiations, accelerating transformation and upgrading, exploring diversified international markets, and deepening domestic markets.
文摘The Swiss textile machinery industry has staged a strong recovery in the first half of 2025,with export volumes rising by 12.2%compared to the same period last year.This positive rebound marks a significant turnaround from a challenging 2024,which saw exports decline by 17.7%.The upturn is fueled by renewed demand from key Asian markets,including China,India,and Bangladesh,alongside growing interest from Southeast Asia and North Africa.This resurgence highlights the resilience of Swiss manufacturers and the global industry's ongoing drive toward advanced and sustainable technologies,even amidst complex global economic conditions.
文摘China’s Dongfang Electric Machinery successfully completed the manufacturing of the first batch of embedded components for six turbines it is supplying for the Koysha Hydroelectric Dam project in Ethiopia.Transported by land and sea,these parts will arrive on site in three months.Once completed,the power plant will generate more than 6 billion kwh of electricity annually,reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 1 million tonnes per year.
文摘Ghana’s Tema Port marked a historic milestone on 16 January 2024 with the arrival of Maersk Edirne,a 13,676-TEU container vessel-one of the largest of its kind globally-as part of Maersk’s newly launched Far East-West Africa express service.
