Cell-cell and cell-matrix signaling and communication between adhesion sites involve mechanisms which are required for cellular functions during normal development and homeostasis; however these cellular functions and...Cell-cell and cell-matrix signaling and communication between adhesion sites involve mechanisms which are required for cellular functions during normal development and homeostasis; however these cellular functions and mechanisms are often deregulated in cancer. Aberrant signaling at cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion sites often involves downstream mediators including Rho GTPases and tyrosine kinases. This review discusses these molecules as putative mediators of cellular crosstalk between cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion sites, in addition to their attractiveness as therapeutic targets in cancer. Interestingly, inter-junctional crosstalk mechanisms are frequently typified by the way in which bacterial and viral pathogens opportunistically infect or intoxicate mammalian cells. This review therefore also discusses the concept of learning from pathogen-host interaction studies to better understand coordinated communication between cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion sites, in addition to highlighting the potential therapeutic usefulness of exploiting pathogens or their products to tap into inter-junctional crosstalk. Taken together, we feel that increased knowledge around mechanisms of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion site crosstalk and consequently a greater understanding of their therapeutic targeting offers a unique opportunity to contribute to the emerging molecular revolution in cancer biology.展开更多
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor A in platelet adhesion in cerebral microvessels in the early stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage remains unclear.In this study,the endovascular puncture method was used to p...The role of vascular endothelial growth factor A in platelet adhesion in cerebral microvessels in the early stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage remains unclear.In this study,the endovascular puncture method was used to produce a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.Then,30 minutes later,vascular endothelial growth factor A antagonist anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antibody,10μg,was injected into the right ventricle.Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay were used to assess expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A,occludin and claudin-5.Immunohistochemical double labeling was conducted to examine co-expression of GP Ⅰa-Ⅱ integrin and type Ⅳ collagen.TUNEL was used to detect apoptosis in the hippocampus.Neurological score was used to assess behavioral performance.After subarachnoid hemorrhage,the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A increased in the hippocampus,while occludin and claudin-5 expression levels decreased.Co-expression of GP Ⅰa-Ⅱ integrin and type Ⅳ collagen and the number of apoptotic cells increased,whereas behavioral performance was markedly impaired.After treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antibody,occludin and claudin-5 expression recovered,while co-expression of GP Ⅰa-Ⅱ integrin and type Ⅳ collagen and the number of apoptotic cells decreased.Furthermore,behavioral performance improved notably.Our findings suggest that increased vascular endothelial growth factor A levels promote platelet adhesion and contribute to early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.This study was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee,Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University,China in December 2015.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONMultiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) isthought to be a frequent consequence of sepsis[1-3].Despite substantial advances in our knowledge and understanding of the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms[4-7...INTRODUCTIONMultiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) isthought to be a frequent consequence of sepsis[1-3].Despite substantial advances in our knowledge and understanding of the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms[4-7], in critically ill patients infections and sepsis are still associated with a high mortality[8,9].展开更多
The adhesion coefficient of automobile tire and road surface was analyzed and the formula about it was derived.Some suggestions about highway construction,driving safety of the drivers and the judgment of the traffic ...The adhesion coefficient of automobile tire and road surface was analyzed and the formula about it was derived.Some suggestions about highway construction,driving safety of the drivers and the judgment of the traffic accidents were presented.The results show that the adhesion coefficient is a function with the extreme value.If there is atmospheric pressure in the tire,the load of the vehicle and the degree of the coarse on the road surface is not selected properly,it will reach the least and affect the safety of the running automobile.展开更多
Zebrafish and human genomes are highly homologous;however,despite this genomic similarity,adult zebrafish can achieve neuronal proliferation,regeneration and functional restoration within 6–8 weeks after spinal cord ...Zebrafish and human genomes are highly homologous;however,despite this genomic similarity,adult zebrafish can achieve neuronal proliferation,regeneration and functional restoration within 6–8 weeks after spinal cord injury,whereas humans cannot.To analyze differentially expressed zebrafish genes between axon-regenerated neurons and axon-non-regenerated neurons after spinal cord injury,and to explore the key genes and pathways of axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury,microarray GSE56842 was analyzed using the online tool,GEO2R,in the Gene Expression Omnibus database.Gene ontology and protein-protein interaction networks were used to analyze the identified differentially expressed genes.Finally,we screened for genes and pathways that may play a role in spinal cord injury repair in zebrafish and mammals.A total of 636 differentially expressed genes were obtained,including 255 up-regulated and 381 down-regulated differentially expressed genes in axon-regenerated neurons.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment results were also obtained.A protein-protein interaction network contained 480 node genes and 1976 node connections.We also obtained the 10 hub genes with the highest correlation and the two modules with the highest score.The results showed that spectrin may promote axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury in zebrafish.Transforming growth factor beta signaling may inhibit repair after spinal cord injury in zebrafish.Focal adhesion or tight junctions may play an important role in the migration and proliferation of some cells,such as Schwann cells or neural progenitor cells,after spinal cord injury in zebrafish.Bioinformatic analysis identified key candidate genes and pathways in axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury in zebrafish,providing targets for treatment of spinal cord injury in mammals.展开更多
AIM:To explain the role of Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and soluble adhesion molecules in chronic hepatitis C during the treatment of interferon alpha (IFNα) 2 b and ribavirin (RBV). METHODS:Concentrations ...AIM:To explain the role of Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and soluble adhesion molecules in chronic hepatitis C during the treatment of interferon alpha (IFNα) 2 b and ribavirin (RBV). METHODS:Concentrations of MCP-1,soluble adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1),sP- selectin,interleukin (IL) 6,and IL10 in serum were estimated in the group of 40 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with IFNalpha2 b and RBV in 0,16,32,48 wk of the therapy, RESULTS:In chronic hepatitis C,before and during the treatment,the serum levels of MCP-1 and sP-selectin in responders were similar to those of healthy subjects.In non- responders (NR),MCP-1 increased in the course of IFNc^+RBV treatment,differences were statistically significant as compared to responders.MCP-1 correlated statistically with the activity of periportal inflammation (r=0.35,P<0.05) but not with staging of liver fibrosis,sICAM-1 positively correlated with inflammatory activity and fibrosis in NR.sP-selectin did not correlate with histological findings in the liver.The MCP-1 correlated with the soluble form of sP-selectin concentrations (r= 6,P<0.001) and with IL-10 level in NR (r=0.4,P<0.05).There was no correlation observed between the concentration of MCP-1 and sICAM-1,IL-6 during the treatment. CONCLUSION:MCP-1 concentration may be a prognostic marker of the efficacy of IFN+RBV therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C.展开更多
We have performed sequential studies on new types of soft rubber for their application as artificial skin in robots and haptic sensors. Based on a proposed electrolytic polymerization method and novel adhesion techniq...We have performed sequential studies on new types of soft rubber for their application as artificial skin in robots and haptic sensors. Based on a proposed electrolytic polymerization method and novel adhesion technique for rubber and a metal that utilizes a metal complex hydrate, we have developed an MCF rubber sensor. This sensor uses a magnetic compound fluid (MCF), natural rubber (NR-latex) or chloroprene rubber latex (CR-latex), and requires the application of a magnetic field. The potential application of the developed sensor in various engineering scenarios and our daily lives is significant. In this regard, we investigated the effects of γ-irradiation, infrared radiation, microwaves, and a thermal source on the MCF rubber sensor. We established that the MCF rubber is effective enough to be used for power generation of broadband electro-magnetic waves from γ-rays to microwaves, including the range of the solar spectrum, which is the typical characteristic obtained in the present investigation. The remarkable attribute is that the MCF rubber sensor dose is not degraded by γ-irradiation. We also demonstrated the effectiveness of the MCF rubber sensor in energy harvesting.展开更多
AIM: The finding that some Helicobacterpyloristrains expressLewis b (Leb) blood group antigen casts a doubt on the roleof Leb of human gastric epithelium being a receptor for-H.pylori. The aim of this study was to det...AIM: The finding that some Helicobacterpyloristrains expressLewis b (Leb) blood group antigen casts a doubt on the roleof Leb of human gastric epithelium being a receptor for-H.pylori. The aim of this study was to determine if expressionof Leb in H. Pyloriinterferes with bacterial adhesion property.METHODS: Bacterial adhesion to immobilized Leb onmicrotitre plate was performed in 63-H. Pyloristrains obtainedfrom Singapore using in vitro adherence assay. Expression ofLewis blood group antigens was determined by ELISA assay.RESULTS: Among 63 H. Pyloristrains, 28 expressed Lebantigen. In vitro adhesion assay showed that 78.6 % (22/28) of Leb-positive and 74.3 % (26/35) of Leb-negative-H.pyloriisolates were positive for adhesion to immobilized Lebcoated on microtitre plate (P＝0.772). In addition, blockingof H. Pylori Leb by prior incubation with anti-Leb monoclonalantibody did not alter thebinding of the bacteria to solid-phase coated Leb.CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that expressionof Leb in H. Pyloridoes not interfere with the bacterialadhesion property. This result supports the notion that Lebpresent on human gastric epithelial cells is capable of beinga receptor for H.pylori.展开更多
Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.With the aim to find reagents that reduce oxidative stress,a phage display library was screened for peptides mimicking a2,6-sialyllactose(...Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.With the aim to find reagents that reduce oxidative stress,a phage display library was screened for peptides mimicking a2,6-sialyllactose(6'-SL),which is known to beneficially influence neural functions.Using Sambucus nigra lectin,which specifically binds to 6'-SL,we screened a phage display library and found a peptide comprising identical sequences of 12 amino acids.Mimetic peptide,reverse peptide and scrambled peptide were tested for inhibition of 6'-SL binding to the lectin.Indeed,lectin binding to 6'-SL was inhibited by the most frequently identified mimetic peptide,but not by the reverse or scrambled peptides,showing that this peptide mimics 6'-SL.Functionally,mimetic peptide,but not the reverse or scrambled peptides,increased viability and expression of neural cell adhesion molecule L1 in SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells,and promoted survival and neurite outgrowth of cultured mouse cerebellar granule neurons challenged by H_20_2-induced oxidative stress.The combined results indicate that the 6'-SL mimetic peptide promotes neuronal survival and neuritogenesis,thus raising hopes for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Shantou University Medical College,China(approval No.SUMC 2014-004)on February 20,2014.展开更多
基金Supported by Past and present funding in the senior author’s laboratory as follows--Health Research Board of Ireland(HRA--POR-2014-545HRA/2009/49+6 种基金RP/2006/95,to Hopkins AM)Science Foundation Ireland(13/IA/19942008/RFP/NSC14272008/RFP/NSC1427 TIDA Feasibility 10,to Hopkins AM)Cancer Research Ireland,Breast Cancer IrelandBrazil Science Without Borders(CAPES-13306-13-8)the Beaumont Hospital Cancer Research and Development Trust
文摘Cell-cell and cell-matrix signaling and communication between adhesion sites involve mechanisms which are required for cellular functions during normal development and homeostasis; however these cellular functions and mechanisms are often deregulated in cancer. Aberrant signaling at cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion sites often involves downstream mediators including Rho GTPases and tyrosine kinases. This review discusses these molecules as putative mediators of cellular crosstalk between cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion sites, in addition to their attractiveness as therapeutic targets in cancer. Interestingly, inter-junctional crosstalk mechanisms are frequently typified by the way in which bacterial and viral pathogens opportunistically infect or intoxicate mammalian cells. This review therefore also discusses the concept of learning from pathogen-host interaction studies to better understand coordinated communication between cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion sites, in addition to highlighting the potential therapeutic usefulness of exploiting pathogens or their products to tap into inter-junctional crosstalk. Taken together, we feel that increased knowledge around mechanisms of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion site crosstalk and consequently a greater understanding of their therapeutic targeting offers a unique opportunity to contribute to the emerging molecular revolution in cancer biology.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81471179(to JNS)
文摘The role of vascular endothelial growth factor A in platelet adhesion in cerebral microvessels in the early stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage remains unclear.In this study,the endovascular puncture method was used to produce a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.Then,30 minutes later,vascular endothelial growth factor A antagonist anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antibody,10μg,was injected into the right ventricle.Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay were used to assess expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A,occludin and claudin-5.Immunohistochemical double labeling was conducted to examine co-expression of GP Ⅰa-Ⅱ integrin and type Ⅳ collagen.TUNEL was used to detect apoptosis in the hippocampus.Neurological score was used to assess behavioral performance.After subarachnoid hemorrhage,the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A increased in the hippocampus,while occludin and claudin-5 expression levels decreased.Co-expression of GP Ⅰa-Ⅱ integrin and type Ⅳ collagen and the number of apoptotic cells increased,whereas behavioral performance was markedly impaired.After treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antibody,occludin and claudin-5 expression recovered,while co-expression of GP Ⅰa-Ⅱ integrin and type Ⅳ collagen and the number of apoptotic cells decreased.Furthermore,behavioral performance improved notably.Our findings suggest that increased vascular endothelial growth factor A levels promote platelet adhesion and contribute to early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.This study was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee,Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University,China in December 2015.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 39870796
文摘INTRODUCTIONMultiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) isthought to be a frequent consequence of sepsis[1-3].Despite substantial advances in our knowledge and understanding of the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms[4-7], in critically ill patients infections and sepsis are still associated with a high mortality[8,9].
文摘The adhesion coefficient of automobile tire and road surface was analyzed and the formula about it was derived.Some suggestions about highway construction,driving safety of the drivers and the judgment of the traffic accidents were presented.The results show that the adhesion coefficient is a function with the extreme value.If there is atmospheric pressure in the tire,the load of the vehicle and the degree of the coarse on the road surface is not selected properly,it will reach the least and affect the safety of the running automobile.
基金supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81330042(to SQF)the International Cooperation Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81620108018(to SQF)
文摘Zebrafish and human genomes are highly homologous;however,despite this genomic similarity,adult zebrafish can achieve neuronal proliferation,regeneration and functional restoration within 6–8 weeks after spinal cord injury,whereas humans cannot.To analyze differentially expressed zebrafish genes between axon-regenerated neurons and axon-non-regenerated neurons after spinal cord injury,and to explore the key genes and pathways of axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury,microarray GSE56842 was analyzed using the online tool,GEO2R,in the Gene Expression Omnibus database.Gene ontology and protein-protein interaction networks were used to analyze the identified differentially expressed genes.Finally,we screened for genes and pathways that may play a role in spinal cord injury repair in zebrafish and mammals.A total of 636 differentially expressed genes were obtained,including 255 up-regulated and 381 down-regulated differentially expressed genes in axon-regenerated neurons.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment results were also obtained.A protein-protein interaction network contained 480 node genes and 1976 node connections.We also obtained the 10 hub genes with the highest correlation and the two modules with the highest score.The results showed that spectrin may promote axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury in zebrafish.Transforming growth factor beta signaling may inhibit repair after spinal cord injury in zebrafish.Focal adhesion or tight junctions may play an important role in the migration and proliferation of some cells,such as Schwann cells or neural progenitor cells,after spinal cord injury in zebrafish.Bioinformatic analysis identified key candidate genes and pathways in axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury in zebrafish,providing targets for treatment of spinal cord injury in mammals.
文摘AIM:To explain the role of Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and soluble adhesion molecules in chronic hepatitis C during the treatment of interferon alpha (IFNα) 2 b and ribavirin (RBV). METHODS:Concentrations of MCP-1,soluble adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1),sP- selectin,interleukin (IL) 6,and IL10 in serum were estimated in the group of 40 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with IFNalpha2 b and RBV in 0,16,32,48 wk of the therapy, RESULTS:In chronic hepatitis C,before and during the treatment,the serum levels of MCP-1 and sP-selectin in responders were similar to those of healthy subjects.In non- responders (NR),MCP-1 increased in the course of IFNc^+RBV treatment,differences were statistically significant as compared to responders.MCP-1 correlated statistically with the activity of periportal inflammation (r=0.35,P<0.05) but not with staging of liver fibrosis,sICAM-1 positively correlated with inflammatory activity and fibrosis in NR.sP-selectin did not correlate with histological findings in the liver.The MCP-1 correlated with the soluble form of sP-selectin concentrations (r= 6,P<0.001) and with IL-10 level in NR (r=0.4,P<0.05).There was no correlation observed between the concentration of MCP-1 and sICAM-1,IL-6 during the treatment. CONCLUSION:MCP-1 concentration may be a prognostic marker of the efficacy of IFN+RBV therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
文摘We have performed sequential studies on new types of soft rubber for their application as artificial skin in robots and haptic sensors. Based on a proposed electrolytic polymerization method and novel adhesion technique for rubber and a metal that utilizes a metal complex hydrate, we have developed an MCF rubber sensor. This sensor uses a magnetic compound fluid (MCF), natural rubber (NR-latex) or chloroprene rubber latex (CR-latex), and requires the application of a magnetic field. The potential application of the developed sensor in various engineering scenarios and our daily lives is significant. In this regard, we investigated the effects of γ-irradiation, infrared radiation, microwaves, and a thermal source on the MCF rubber sensor. We established that the MCF rubber is effective enough to be used for power generation of broadband electro-magnetic waves from γ-rays to microwaves, including the range of the solar spectrum, which is the typical characteristic obtained in the present investigation. The remarkable attribute is that the MCF rubber sensor dose is not degraded by γ-irradiation. We also demonstrated the effectiveness of the MCF rubber sensor in energy harvesting.
基金a grant from the National University of Singapore, No.6431
文摘AIM: The finding that some Helicobacterpyloristrains expressLewis b (Leb) blood group antigen casts a doubt on the roleof Leb of human gastric epithelium being a receptor for-H.pylori. The aim of this study was to determine if expressionof Leb in H. Pyloriinterferes with bacterial adhesion property.METHODS: Bacterial adhesion to immobilized Leb onmicrotitre plate was performed in 63-H. Pyloristrains obtainedfrom Singapore using in vitro adherence assay. Expression ofLewis blood group antigens was determined by ELISA assay.RESULTS: Among 63 H. Pyloristrains, 28 expressed Lebantigen. In vitro adhesion assay showed that 78.6 % (22/28) of Leb-positive and 74.3 % (26/35) of Leb-negative-H.pyloriisolates were positive for adhesion to immobilized Lebcoated on microtitre plate (P＝0.772). In addition, blockingof H. Pylori Leb by prior incubation with anti-Leb monoclonalantibody did not alter thebinding of the bacteria to solid-phase coated Leb.CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that expressionof Leb in H. Pyloridoes not interfere with the bacterialadhesion property. This result supports the notion that Lebpresent on human gastric epithelial cells is capable of beinga receptor for H.pylori.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81471279 and No.81171138(to WJZ)Talent Support Grant from Shantou University Medical College,China,No.2501220118(to WJZ)the Li Kashing Foundation,No.LD030302(to MS)
文摘Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.With the aim to find reagents that reduce oxidative stress,a phage display library was screened for peptides mimicking a2,6-sialyllactose(6'-SL),which is known to beneficially influence neural functions.Using Sambucus nigra lectin,which specifically binds to 6'-SL,we screened a phage display library and found a peptide comprising identical sequences of 12 amino acids.Mimetic peptide,reverse peptide and scrambled peptide were tested for inhibition of 6'-SL binding to the lectin.Indeed,lectin binding to 6'-SL was inhibited by the most frequently identified mimetic peptide,but not by the reverse or scrambled peptides,showing that this peptide mimics 6'-SL.Functionally,mimetic peptide,but not the reverse or scrambled peptides,increased viability and expression of neural cell adhesion molecule L1 in SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells,and promoted survival and neurite outgrowth of cultured mouse cerebellar granule neurons challenged by H_20_2-induced oxidative stress.The combined results indicate that the 6'-SL mimetic peptide promotes neuronal survival and neuritogenesis,thus raising hopes for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Shantou University Medical College,China(approval No.SUMC 2014-004)on February 20,2014.
