Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are a well-documented risk factor for the development of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. Prevention of UTI in this group of patients ...Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are a well-documented risk factor for the development of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. Prevention of UTI in this group of patients is advocated due to their increased risk of renal scarring, hypertension and end stage kidney failure. Methods: A 10-year retrospective review of CAKUT patients at the Johannesburg Academic Hospital, who were placed on prophylactic antibiotics over a certain period was done. The rate of UTI, the types of causative organisms isolated and the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing UTI were documented. Results: Thirty-six (36) out of 134 patients had been started on prophylactic antibiotics after the diagnosis of CAKUT was made. There was a statistically significant association between the use of prophylactic antibiotics and the rate of UTI (p Conclusion: Antibiotic prophylaxis was very effective in decreasing the rate of UTI in our cohort of patients with CAKUT.展开更多
Objective:To record surveillance,antibiotic resistance of uropathogens of hospitalized patients over a period of 18 months.Methods:Urine samples from wards and cabins were used for isolating urinary tract infection(UT...Objective:To record surveillance,antibiotic resistance of uropathogens of hospitalized patients over a period of 18 months.Methods:Urine samples from wards and cabins were used for isolating urinary tract infection(UTI)-causing bacteria that were cultured on suitable selective media and identified by biochemical tests;and their antibiograms were ascertained by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method,in each 6-month interval of the study period,using 18 antibiotics of five different classes.Results:From wards and cabins,1 245 samples were collected,from which 996 strains of bacteria belonging to 11 species were isolated,during April 2011 to September2012.Two Gram-positive,Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis),and nine Gram-negative bacteria,Acinetobacter baumannii,Citrobactcr sp.,Escherichia coli,Enterobacter aerogenes,Klebsiella pneumoniae.Klebsiella oxytoca,Proteus mirabilis,Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated.Both S.aureus and E.faecalis were vancomycin resistant,and resistant-strains of all pathogens increased in each 6-month period of study.Particularly,all Gram-negatives were resistant to nitrofurantoin and co-trimoxazole,the most preferred antibiotics of empiric therapy for UTI.Conclusions:Antibiograms of 11 UTI-causing bacteria recorded in this study indicated moderately higher numbers of strains resistant to each antibiotic studied,generating the fear of precipitating fervent episodes in public health particularly with bacteria,Acinetobacter baumannii,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and S.aureus.Moreover,vancomycin resistance in strains of S.aureus and E.faecalis is a matter of concern.展开更多
Background: Chromobacterium violaceum is a Gram-negative, a facultative anaerobe bacteria producing violacein pigment. C. violaceum is generally present as the normal flora of water and soil. The Urine Tract Infection...Background: Chromobacterium violaceum is a Gram-negative, a facultative anaerobe bacteria producing violacein pigment. C. violaceum is generally present as the normal flora of water and soil. The Urine Tract Infection (UTI) due to C. violaceum is very rare. Until now there was no report from Africa about UTIs caused by C. violaceum. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of C. violaceum is very limited due to the rarity of isolation from clinical specimens. Here, we describe the first case of urinary tract infection caused by C. violaceum in Angola. Aim: Our case report was carried out to assess the sensitivity and resistance pattern of C. violaceum as the causative agent of UTI. Results: C. violaceum was sensitive to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Ceftriaxon, Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Piperacilin/Tazobactam, Gentamicin, Amikacin, Aztreonam and imipenem. The bacteria showed resistance to Cefuroxime. Conclusion: Here, we report a rare case of complicate urinary tract infection caused by C. violaceum in patient, who was treated successfully with ciprofloxacin for a total duration of 7 days.展开更多
文摘Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are a well-documented risk factor for the development of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. Prevention of UTI in this group of patients is advocated due to their increased risk of renal scarring, hypertension and end stage kidney failure. Methods: A 10-year retrospective review of CAKUT patients at the Johannesburg Academic Hospital, who were placed on prophylactic antibiotics over a certain period was done. The rate of UTI, the types of causative organisms isolated and the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing UTI were documented. Results: Thirty-six (36) out of 134 patients had been started on prophylactic antibiotics after the diagnosis of CAKUT was made. There was a statistically significant association between the use of prophylactic antibiotics and the rate of UTI (p Conclusion: Antibiotic prophylaxis was very effective in decreasing the rate of UTI in our cohort of patients with CAKUT.
基金Supported by the major research project on Botany(Grant No.39-388/2010/SR)from UGC+1 种基金New Delhiawarded RN Padhy
文摘Objective:To record surveillance,antibiotic resistance of uropathogens of hospitalized patients over a period of 18 months.Methods:Urine samples from wards and cabins were used for isolating urinary tract infection(UTI)-causing bacteria that were cultured on suitable selective media and identified by biochemical tests;and their antibiograms were ascertained by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method,in each 6-month interval of the study period,using 18 antibiotics of five different classes.Results:From wards and cabins,1 245 samples were collected,from which 996 strains of bacteria belonging to 11 species were isolated,during April 2011 to September2012.Two Gram-positive,Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis),and nine Gram-negative bacteria,Acinetobacter baumannii,Citrobactcr sp.,Escherichia coli,Enterobacter aerogenes,Klebsiella pneumoniae.Klebsiella oxytoca,Proteus mirabilis,Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated.Both S.aureus and E.faecalis were vancomycin resistant,and resistant-strains of all pathogens increased in each 6-month period of study.Particularly,all Gram-negatives were resistant to nitrofurantoin and co-trimoxazole,the most preferred antibiotics of empiric therapy for UTI.Conclusions:Antibiograms of 11 UTI-causing bacteria recorded in this study indicated moderately higher numbers of strains resistant to each antibiotic studied,generating the fear of precipitating fervent episodes in public health particularly with bacteria,Acinetobacter baumannii,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and S.aureus.Moreover,vancomycin resistance in strains of S.aureus and E.faecalis is a matter of concern.
文摘Background: Chromobacterium violaceum is a Gram-negative, a facultative anaerobe bacteria producing violacein pigment. C. violaceum is generally present as the normal flora of water and soil. The Urine Tract Infection (UTI) due to C. violaceum is very rare. Until now there was no report from Africa about UTIs caused by C. violaceum. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of C. violaceum is very limited due to the rarity of isolation from clinical specimens. Here, we describe the first case of urinary tract infection caused by C. violaceum in Angola. Aim: Our case report was carried out to assess the sensitivity and resistance pattern of C. violaceum as the causative agent of UTI. Results: C. violaceum was sensitive to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Ceftriaxon, Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Piperacilin/Tazobactam, Gentamicin, Amikacin, Aztreonam and imipenem. The bacteria showed resistance to Cefuroxime. Conclusion: Here, we report a rare case of complicate urinary tract infection caused by C. violaceum in patient, who was treated successfully with ciprofloxacin for a total duration of 7 days.
