With the presence of wind waves, the swaying of survey vessel may effect the quality of sub-bottom profiler records and, therefore, it is necessary to correct the distortions induced by wave action. A major issue is t...With the presence of wind waves, the swaying of survey vessel may effect the quality of sub-bottom profiler records and, therefore, it is necessary to correct the distortions induced by wave action. A major issue is to distinguish wind wave effect and real bedforms such as sand waves. In this paper, a bandstop filter is designed according to the frequency features of wind wave effect to treat the distortion of seabed topography by wind waves. The technique is used to correct the sub-bottom profile in order to eliminate the wave-induced distortions for the sub-bottom profile records from the Yangtze Estuary. This study shows that the undulate seabed record is resulted from wave action, rather than the presence of sand waves, and the filtration technique helps to eliminate the wave effect and recover the real morphology of seabed and the sediment sequence underneath. In addition, a method for data processing is proposed for the case that the record indeed represents a combination of wave effects and real bedforms.展开更多
To improve retrieval accuracy, this paper studies wave effects on retrieved wind field from a scatterometer. First, the advanced scatterometer （ASCAT） data and buoy data of the National Data Buoy Center （NDBC） are...To improve retrieval accuracy, this paper studies wave effects on retrieved wind field from a scatterometer. First, the advanced scatterometer （ASCAT） data and buoy data of the National Data Buoy Center （NDBC） are collocated. Buoy wind speed is converted into neutral wind at 10 m height. Then, ASCAT data are com- pared with the buoy data for the wind speed and direction. Subsequently, the errors between the ASCAT and the buoy wind as a function of each wave parameter are used to analyze the wave effects. Wave param- eters include dominant wave period （dpd）, significant wave height （swh）, average wave period （apd） and the angle between the dominant wave direction （dwd） and the wind direction. Collocated data are divided into sub-datasets according to the different intervals of each wave parameter. A root mean square error （RMSE） for the wind speed and a mean absolute error （MAE） for the wind direction are calculated from the sub-datasets, which are considered as the function of wave parameters. Finally, optimal wave conditions on wind retrieved from the ASCAT are determined based on the error analyses. The results show the ocean wave parameters have correlative relationships with the RMSE of the retrieved wind speed and the MAE of the retrieved wind direction. The optimal wave conditions are presented in terms of dpd, swh, apd and angle.展开更多
The effects of constant wind shear on atmospheric gravity wave spectrum are examined.At first a three- dimensional equilibrium spectral model of gravity waves is established in which wind shear rate β is implicit. Ba...The effects of constant wind shear on atmospheric gravity wave spectrum are examined.At first a three- dimensional equilibrium spectral model of gravity waves is established in which wind shear rate β is implicit. Based on this model,the expressions for one-dimensional frequency spectrum of atmospheric gravity waves are derived in which β is explicit.Numerical results show that (1) if we assume that mean wind U(z)=βz (z represents the altitude) and the internal gravity wave spectrum at the altitude of U=0 (that is,z=0) is VanZandt one,then the effect of Doppler shifting due to mean wind may be ignored;(2) when Richardson number J(J=N^2/β~2,N is Brunt-V(?)is(?)l(?) frequency,and is equal to 10^(-2)s^(-1) in this paper) satisfies J≥10.0,the effects ofwind shear arealso ignored;(3)for f^2(?)ω~2(?)N^2 (f is the inertia frequency,and f=10^(-4)s^(-1) in this paper,and co is the observed frequency),the wind shear only affects the spectral amplitude,and does not alter the spectral shape;and (4) as wind shear becomes strong,a part of wave potential energy turns into wave kinetic one,and a part of the vertical kinetic energy further turns into the horizontal one.展开更多
利用常规高空和地面观测资料、FY-2E卫星云图资料、多普勒天气雷达及地面加密气象站资料,对2014年7月1日发生在陕西渭南的一次强对流天气过程进行分析。结果表明:本次强对流天气过程是在500 h Pa长波调整过程中,冷空气不断从切断低压底...利用常规高空和地面观测资料、FY-2E卫星云图资料、多普勒天气雷达及地面加密气象站资料,对2014年7月1日发生在陕西渭南的一次强对流天气过程进行分析。结果表明:本次强对流天气过程是在500 h Pa长波调整过程中,冷空气不断从切断低压底部扩散南下,与中纬度中尺度切变线相互作用所致;垂直温度梯度大对渭南市强对流天气有较好的潜势预报意义;地形作用导致中低层风向垂直切变增强和地面小尺度辐合线形成。其中,垂直风切变的增强致使中层干空气卷入对流云团中,新鲜空气补充了云凝结核源,经过渭河之后,近地面气温升高、相对湿度增大,有利于冰雹转成短时暴雨。地面小尺度辐合线触发了不稳定能量进一步释放;强的垂直风切变和低层辐合共同作用,使对流云团增强,降雨强度增大。展开更多
基金The workis supported bythe National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 40231010 and 40476041)
文摘With the presence of wind waves, the swaying of survey vessel may effect the quality of sub-bottom profiler records and, therefore, it is necessary to correct the distortions induced by wave action. A major issue is to distinguish wind wave effect and real bedforms such as sand waves. In this paper, a bandstop filter is designed according to the frequency features of wind wave effect to treat the distortion of seabed topography by wind waves. The technique is used to correct the sub-bottom profile in order to eliminate the wave-induced distortions for the sub-bottom profile records from the Yangtze Estuary. This study shows that the undulate seabed record is resulted from wave action, rather than the presence of sand waves, and the filtration technique helps to eliminate the wave effect and recover the real morphology of seabed and the sediment sequence underneath. In addition, a method for data processing is proposed for the case that the record indeed represents a combination of wave effects and real bedforms.
基金The National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China under contract Nos 41306191 and 41306192the National High Tech-nology Development Program(863 Program) of China under contract No.2013AA09A505the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration of China under contract No.JG1317
文摘To improve retrieval accuracy, this paper studies wave effects on retrieved wind field from a scatterometer. First, the advanced scatterometer （ASCAT） data and buoy data of the National Data Buoy Center （NDBC） are collocated. Buoy wind speed is converted into neutral wind at 10 m height. Then, ASCAT data are com- pared with the buoy data for the wind speed and direction. Subsequently, the errors between the ASCAT and the buoy wind as a function of each wave parameter are used to analyze the wave effects. Wave param- eters include dominant wave period （dpd）, significant wave height （swh）, average wave period （apd） and the angle between the dominant wave direction （dwd） and the wind direction. Collocated data are divided into sub-datasets according to the different intervals of each wave parameter. A root mean square error （RMSE） for the wind speed and a mean absolute error （MAE） for the wind direction are calculated from the sub-datasets, which are considered as the function of wave parameters. Finally, optimal wave conditions on wind retrieved from the ASCAT are determined based on the error analyses. The results show the ocean wave parameters have correlative relationships with the RMSE of the retrieved wind speed and the MAE of the retrieved wind direction. The optimal wave conditions are presented in terms of dpd, swh, apd and angle.
文摘The effects of constant wind shear on atmospheric gravity wave spectrum are examined.At first a three- dimensional equilibrium spectral model of gravity waves is established in which wind shear rate β is implicit. Based on this model,the expressions for one-dimensional frequency spectrum of atmospheric gravity waves are derived in which β is explicit.Numerical results show that (1) if we assume that mean wind U(z)=βz (z represents the altitude) and the internal gravity wave spectrum at the altitude of U=0 (that is,z=0) is VanZandt one,then the effect of Doppler shifting due to mean wind may be ignored;(2) when Richardson number J(J=N^2/β~2,N is Brunt-V(?)is(?)l(?) frequency,and is equal to 10^(-2)s^(-1) in this paper) satisfies J≥10.0,the effects ofwind shear arealso ignored;(3)for f^2(?)ω~2(?)N^2 (f is the inertia frequency,and f=10^(-4)s^(-1) in this paper,and co is the observed frequency),the wind shear only affects the spectral amplitude,and does not alter the spectral shape;and (4) as wind shear becomes strong,a part of wave potential energy turns into wave kinetic one,and a part of the vertical kinetic energy further turns into the horizontal one.
文摘利用常规高空和地面观测资料、FY-2E卫星云图资料、多普勒天气雷达及地面加密气象站资料,对2014年7月1日发生在陕西渭南的一次强对流天气过程进行分析。结果表明:本次强对流天气过程是在500 h Pa长波调整过程中,冷空气不断从切断低压底部扩散南下,与中纬度中尺度切变线相互作用所致;垂直温度梯度大对渭南市强对流天气有较好的潜势预报意义;地形作用导致中低层风向垂直切变增强和地面小尺度辐合线形成。其中,垂直风切变的增强致使中层干空气卷入对流云团中,新鲜空气补充了云凝结核源,经过渭河之后,近地面气温升高、相对湿度增大,有利于冰雹转成短时暴雨。地面小尺度辐合线触发了不稳定能量进一步释放;强的垂直风切变和低层辐合共同作用,使对流云团增强,降雨强度增大。
