The Western Sichuan Foreland Basin(WSFB)in South China,a prolific hydrocarbon province,exhibits complex structural deformation influenced by Triassic salt tectonics.This paper integrates seismic data and well data to ...The Western Sichuan Foreland Basin(WSFB)in South China,a prolific hydrocarbon province,exhibits complex structural deformation influenced by Triassic salt tectonics.This paper integrates seismic data and well data to elucidate the role of Middle-Lower Triassic evaporite layers in shaping basin structures,focusing on Xinchang Tectonic Zone(XTZ).Salt layers facilitated decoupled deformation between supra-and sub-salt sequences,forming salt pillows and fault-related folds.Three distinct structural trends were identified in XTZ.Key findings reveal that salt thickness variations correlate with deformation styles:thicker salt promoted detachment folding,while thinner salt led to hard-linked fault systems.Sub-salt E-NE trending reverse faults formed horsetail terminations associated with the Pengzhou faults(PzF),deviating from the primary Longmenshan thrust belt(LmsTB)orientation.Structural evolution occurred in three stages:(1)Indosinian salt deposition and foreland basin initiation;(2)Yanshanian eastward propagation of thrust systems with salt-driven detachment folding;(3)Himalayan reactivation overprinting earlier structures with sub-NS trending folds.This work establishes a direct link between salt layers and structural traps,demonstrating how salt acted as a critical detachment layer during multi-stage compression.Results provide insights into the gas exploration of the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation,emphasizing the importance of salt-influenced deformation in foreland basin systems.展开更多
In this study,based on MERRA-2 reanalysis data and a multi-algorithm integrated atmospheric river(AR)iden-tification method,the authors reveal the cross-seasonal regulation mechanism of El Niño-Southern Oscillati...In this study,based on MERRA-2 reanalysis data and a multi-algorithm integrated atmospheric river(AR)iden-tification method,the authors reveal the cross-seasonal regulation mechanism of El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)on winter-spring AR activities in East Asia.The results show that ENSO asymmetrically modulates AR ac-tivity through teleconnection and hysteresis effects,and has significant enhancement/inhibition effects on ARs in different regions.At the onset of El Niño,enhanced southwesterly flow at the western edge of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)leads to enhanced AR activity in the western Pacific,and anomalous southerly winds in the Indian Ocean promote northward transport of water vapor in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.With a three-month lag,the weakening and eastward retreat of the WPSH weakens the low-latitude AR activity,but persistent southerly winds in the Bay of Bengal maintain the AR activity over Southwest China.The mid-to high-latitude AR response exhibits delayed dynamics,initially dominated by the synergistic effect of the southward deviation of the upper-air rapids and the low-level convergence(double-rapid-flow effect)and later modulated by the Pacific-North American teleconnection(PNA)-triggered East Asian ridge,which enhances the precipitation efficiency through prolonged frontal activity and enhanced cold-warm airmass convergence.Overall,El Niño promotes the development of low-and midlatitude AR activity in East Asia,while La Niña promotes(maritime continental)AR activity in the tropics.This study establishes the“ENSO teleconnection→circulation adjust-ment→East Asian AR response”chain,revealing a cross-seasonal lagged response mechanisms of East Asian AR activity,and provides a theoretical basis for winter and spring climate prediction and extreme precipitation forecasting.展开更多
At the Ningxia Museum,visitors can dive into the history of the mysterious Western Xia Dynasty,as well as cultural and ethnic exchanges that occured along the ancient Silk Road centuries ago.THE area of present-day Ni...At the Ningxia Museum,visitors can dive into the history of the mysterious Western Xia Dynasty,as well as cultural and ethnic exchanges that occured along the ancient Silk Road centuries ago.THE area of present-day Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in northwest China was a vital corridor of the ancient Silk Road.Around a thousand years ago,Yuan Hao,leader of the Tangut people,established the Western Xia(also known as Xixia)Dynasty(1038-1227)on this land,which coexisted with the Song,Liao,and Jin dynasties across China for nearly 200 years.展开更多
The published article titled“MicroRNA-148a Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Osteosarcoma via Targeting Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinase”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.25,No.8,2017,pp.1231–1243.DOI:10.3...The published article titled“MicroRNA-148a Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Osteosarcoma via Targeting Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinase”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.25,No.8,2017,pp.1231–1243.DOI:10.3727/096504017X14850134190255 URL:https://www.techscience.com/or/v25n8/56908 Following the publication,concerns have been raised about a number of figures in this article.An unexpected area of similarity was identified in terms of the cellular data,where the results from differently performed experiments were intended to have been shown,although the areas immediately surrounding this area featured comparatively different distributions of cells.In addition,the western blots in this article were presented with atypical,unusually shaped and possibly anomalous protein bands in many cases.展开更多
Corrigendum:Epalrestat protects against diabetic peripheral neuropathy by alleviating oxidative stress and inhibiting polyol pathway https://doi.org/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00562 In the article titled“Epalrestat protect...Corrigendum:Epalrestat protects against diabetic peripheral neuropathy by alleviating oxidative stress and inhibiting polyol pathway https://doi.org/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00562 In the article titled“Epalrestat protects against diabetic peripheral neuropathy by alleviating oxidative stress and inhibiting polyol pathway,”published on pages 345-351 in Issue 2,Volume 11 of Neural Regeneration Research(Li et al.,2016),the Western blot bands in Figure 2A are incorrect.展开更多
This study provides new evidence for a significant Neoproterozoic tectono-thermal event in the southern Dharwar Craton,based on U-Pb dating of rutile and monazite from metamorphic rocks of the Sargur Group.Trace eleme...This study provides new evidence for a significant Neoproterozoic tectono-thermal event in the southern Dharwar Craton,based on U-Pb dating of rutile and monazite from metamorphic rocks of the Sargur Group.Trace element analysis of rutile in garnet-bearing amphibolite,amphibolite,garnet-bearing staurolite-kyanite schist,and grunerite-garnet schist suggests that their protoliths were primarily basaltic rocks,sediments with mafic component,pelitic sediments,and mixed sediments with both mafic and felsic components,respectively.Rutile U-Pb ages of 625±22 Ma(garnet-bearing amphibolite),752±5.1 Ma(amphibolite),836±4 Ma to 663±26 Ma(garnet-bearing staurolite kyanite schist)and 860±13 Ma(grunerite-garnet schist),along with a monazite U-Pb age of 789±4.4 Ma(garnet-bearing staurolite kyanite schist),record a significant Neoproterozoic(860-625 Ma)tectono-thermal event along the southern margin of the western Dharwar Craton.This event is most likely associated with aborted rift-related alkaline magmatism along the northern margin of the Southern Granulite Terrane(SGT)and the southern margin of the Dharwar Craton.Given the lack of direct evidence for the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent in the Dharwar Craton and SGT,this Neoproterozoic event is unlikely to be related to the breakup of Rodinia.展开更多
In winter 2018,an aerosol physicochemical experiment was conducted in the Western Pacific Ocean(WPO)aboard the Research Vessel KEXUE of Chinese Academy of Sciences.This study systematically investigated both natural a...In winter 2018,an aerosol physicochemical experiment was conducted in the Western Pacific Ocean(WPO)aboard the Research Vessel KEXUE of Chinese Academy of Sciences.This study systematically investigated both natural and anthropogenic effects on marine aerosols optical properties,as well as the applicability of multi-satellite products and IMPROVE equation.The averaged aerosol optical depth(AOD500 nm)was 0.31±0.16 andÅngström exponent440–675 nm was 0.29±0.30.In offshore China,significant anthropogenic emissions affected the marine environment.In remote WPO,dust aerosols transported from northern China,Siberia,Central Asia,and those settling from the upper troposphere originating from north Africa,Arabian peninsula,and western India,were dominant.The spatial trends of AOD were opposite in the mid-latitude and southern seas of WPO.The highest AOD,0.32±0.23,appeared along the coast of South Asia at mid-latitude,decreasing from offshore seas to remote oceans.In low-latitude and equatorial seas,AOD significantly increased from coast to remote oceans.Ångström exponent dropped significantly from the coast to remote oceans as anthropogenic influence diminished across the entire WPO.Correlation analysis showed that both MODIS-C6 and Himawari AOD prod-ucts showed similar applicability in coastal urban areas,while Himawari AOD is highly recommended for coastal background and marine environment due to its finer resolution.The extinction coefficient derived from PM_(2.5) chemical compositions using IMPROVE algorithm exhibited a significant correlation(R^(2)=0.58)with the con-currently measured AOD in the absence of long-distance transport,suggesting that the IMPROVE is a reasonable proxy of the columnar average of marine aerosol extinctions free from transport influences.展开更多
INTRODUCTION.Depressive disorders are mental illnesses that seriously affect public health.There are approximately 320 million patients with depression worldwide,accounting for 4.4% of the total disease burden.1Depres...INTRODUCTION.Depressive disorders are mental illnesses that seriously affect public health.There are approximately 320 million patients with depression worldwide,accounting for 4.4% of the total disease burden.1Depression leads to social and occupational impairment,diminished quality of life and an elevated risk of death by suicide.展开更多
Gastric precancerous lesions(GPL)represent a crucial stage in the complex process of gastric carcinogenesis that leads to gastric cancer(GC),one of the most prevalent cancers and a major source of cancer mortality wor...Gastric precancerous lesions(GPL)represent a crucial stage in the complex process of gastric carcinogenesis that leads to gastric cancer(GC),one of the most prevalent cancers and a major source of cancer mortality worldwide.Many studies have identified the gastrointestinal microbiota,or gut microbiota,as an important contributor to both the pathogenesis and treatment of GPL and GC,thus understanding its role in this transition is crucial.The purpose of this literature review is to introduce the current landscape of microbiota research associated with GPL and GC,with an emphasis on Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)driven microbial dysbiosis and its modulation through Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)approaches.By elucidating the underlying mechanisms of H.pylori colonization,patterns,and interactions among microbiota,as well as the influence of microbial metabolites,this review highlights crucial driving factors of gastric carcinogenesis.The role of microbiota in conventional interventions,including H.pylori eradication,immunotherapy,as well as TCM herbal decoctions,is also discussed to provide a detailed understanding of the complex interactions between therapy and microbiota and how it could be potentially targeted for effective management of GPL and GC.Ultimately,microbiota-targeting therapeutics may represent a new path toward early detection,targeted treatment,improved prognosis,and potentially reduced incidence of GPL and GC.展开更多
The Pamir Plateau,at the northwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,is a key region for investigating continental collision and plateau uplifting.To probe its deep structure,we collected seismic data from 263 stations...The Pamir Plateau,at the northwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,is a key region for investigating continental collision and plateau uplifting.To probe its deep structure,we collected seismic data from 263 stations across 11 research projects.We applied cross-correlation to noise data and extracted surface wave dispersion data from cross-correlation functions.The extracted dispersion data were subsequently inverted using a 3-D transdimensional Bayesian inversion method(rj-3 DMcMC).The inversion result reveals several crustal low-velocity zones(LVZs).Their formation is likely related to crustal thickening,the exposure of gneiss domes,and thicker sedimentary sequences compared to surrounding areas.In the lower crust and upper mantle,the LVZs in southern Pamir and southeastern Karakoram evolve into high-velocity zones,which expand northeastward with increasing depth.This suggests northward underthrusting of the Indian Plate.We also analyzed the Moho using both the standard deviation of S-wave velocity and the S-wave velocity structure.Results show that significant variations in velocity standard deviation reliably delineate the Moho interface.展开更多
Since the 21st century,the Huang–Huai–Hai River Basin(HHHRB)in China has experienced increased frequency and severity of drought–flood abrupt alternation(DFAA)events during early summer,characterized by droughts in...Since the 21st century,the Huang–Huai–Hai River Basin(HHHRB)in China has experienced increased frequency and severity of drought–flood abrupt alternation(DFAA)events during early summer,characterized by droughts in June followed by floods in July.The 2024 event was the most severe since 1981.This study demonstrates that such compound extreme events are closely linked to anomalous subseasonal evolution of large-scale atmospheric circulation.During the drought phase,the East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EAJ)shifts southward,and the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)exhibits anomalous strengthening with its western ridge line displaced southward.The flood phase is characterized by acceleration of the EAJ,westward extension of the WPSH,and enhanced southwestern moisture transport from the western Pacific.Beyond these typical features,the 2024 early summer circulation exhibited unique characteristics:Anomalous northeastward intensification of the WPSH facilitated merged moisture influx from both the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific along the southeast pathway into the HHHRB in July,resulting in the highest net moisture inflow at the southern boundary of the HHHRB since 1981.The synergistic effects of multiple factors primarily explain the exceptionally intense DFAA event in 2024.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41602161,92255302)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Project No.2016ZX05033)Sinopec Science and Technology Development Project(Project No.P18089-1,P22085).
文摘The Western Sichuan Foreland Basin(WSFB)in South China,a prolific hydrocarbon province,exhibits complex structural deformation influenced by Triassic salt tectonics.This paper integrates seismic data and well data to elucidate the role of Middle-Lower Triassic evaporite layers in shaping basin structures,focusing on Xinchang Tectonic Zone(XTZ).Salt layers facilitated decoupled deformation between supra-and sub-salt sequences,forming salt pillows and fault-related folds.Three distinct structural trends were identified in XTZ.Key findings reveal that salt thickness variations correlate with deformation styles:thicker salt promoted detachment folding,while thinner salt led to hard-linked fault systems.Sub-salt E-NE trending reverse faults formed horsetail terminations associated with the Pengzhou faults(PzF),deviating from the primary Longmenshan thrust belt(LmsTB)orientation.Structural evolution occurred in three stages:(1)Indosinian salt deposition and foreland basin initiation;(2)Yanshanian eastward propagation of thrust systems with salt-driven detachment folding;(3)Himalayan reactivation overprinting earlier structures with sub-NS trending folds.This work establishes a direct link between salt layers and structural traps,demonstrating how salt acted as a critical detachment layer during multi-stage compression.Results provide insights into the gas exploration of the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation,emphasizing the importance of salt-influenced deformation in foreland basin systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41830964]the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province[grant number 2023JJ40666]。
文摘In this study,based on MERRA-2 reanalysis data and a multi-algorithm integrated atmospheric river(AR)iden-tification method,the authors reveal the cross-seasonal regulation mechanism of El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)on winter-spring AR activities in East Asia.The results show that ENSO asymmetrically modulates AR ac-tivity through teleconnection and hysteresis effects,and has significant enhancement/inhibition effects on ARs in different regions.At the onset of El Niño,enhanced southwesterly flow at the western edge of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)leads to enhanced AR activity in the western Pacific,and anomalous southerly winds in the Indian Ocean promote northward transport of water vapor in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.With a three-month lag,the weakening and eastward retreat of the WPSH weakens the low-latitude AR activity,but persistent southerly winds in the Bay of Bengal maintain the AR activity over Southwest China.The mid-to high-latitude AR response exhibits delayed dynamics,initially dominated by the synergistic effect of the southward deviation of the upper-air rapids and the low-level convergence(double-rapid-flow effect)and later modulated by the Pacific-North American teleconnection(PNA)-triggered East Asian ridge,which enhances the precipitation efficiency through prolonged frontal activity and enhanced cold-warm airmass convergence.Overall,El Niño promotes the development of low-and midlatitude AR activity in East Asia,while La Niña promotes(maritime continental)AR activity in the tropics.This study establishes the“ENSO teleconnection→circulation adjust-ment→East Asian AR response”chain,revealing a cross-seasonal lagged response mechanisms of East Asian AR activity,and provides a theoretical basis for winter and spring climate prediction and extreme precipitation forecasting.
文摘At the Ningxia Museum,visitors can dive into the history of the mysterious Western Xia Dynasty,as well as cultural and ethnic exchanges that occured along the ancient Silk Road centuries ago.THE area of present-day Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in northwest China was a vital corridor of the ancient Silk Road.Around a thousand years ago,Yuan Hao,leader of the Tangut people,established the Western Xia(also known as Xixia)Dynasty(1038-1227)on this land,which coexisted with the Song,Liao,and Jin dynasties across China for nearly 200 years.
文摘The published article titled“MicroRNA-148a Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Osteosarcoma via Targeting Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinase”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.25,No.8,2017,pp.1231–1243.DOI:10.3727/096504017X14850134190255 URL:https://www.techscience.com/or/v25n8/56908 Following the publication,concerns have been raised about a number of figures in this article.An unexpected area of similarity was identified in terms of the cellular data,where the results from differently performed experiments were intended to have been shown,although the areas immediately surrounding this area featured comparatively different distributions of cells.In addition,the western blots in this article were presented with atypical,unusually shaped and possibly anomalous protein bands in many cases.
文摘Corrigendum:Epalrestat protects against diabetic peripheral neuropathy by alleviating oxidative stress and inhibiting polyol pathway https://doi.org/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00562 In the article titled“Epalrestat protects against diabetic peripheral neuropathy by alleviating oxidative stress and inhibiting polyol pathway,”published on pages 345-351 in Issue 2,Volume 11 of Neural Regeneration Research(Li et al.,2016),the Western blot bands in Figure 2A are incorrect.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant Nos:41890831 and 42172214)the MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Northwest University.
文摘This study provides new evidence for a significant Neoproterozoic tectono-thermal event in the southern Dharwar Craton,based on U-Pb dating of rutile and monazite from metamorphic rocks of the Sargur Group.Trace element analysis of rutile in garnet-bearing amphibolite,amphibolite,garnet-bearing staurolite-kyanite schist,and grunerite-garnet schist suggests that their protoliths were primarily basaltic rocks,sediments with mafic component,pelitic sediments,and mixed sediments with both mafic and felsic components,respectively.Rutile U-Pb ages of 625±22 Ma(garnet-bearing amphibolite),752±5.1 Ma(amphibolite),836±4 Ma to 663±26 Ma(garnet-bearing staurolite kyanite schist)and 860±13 Ma(grunerite-garnet schist),along with a monazite U-Pb age of 789±4.4 Ma(garnet-bearing staurolite kyanite schist),record a significant Neoproterozoic(860-625 Ma)tectono-thermal event along the southern margin of the western Dharwar Craton.This event is most likely associated with aborted rift-related alkaline magmatism along the northern margin of the Southern Granulite Terrane(SGT)and the southern margin of the Dharwar Craton.Given the lack of direct evidence for the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent in the Dharwar Craton and SGT,this Neoproterozoic event is unlikely to be related to the breakup of Rodinia.
基金supported by the CAS Strategic Priority Research Program(No.XDB0760102),the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2022YFF0802501)the Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Maintenance and Transformation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan-Phospherus Project(No.23YF1426200)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFE0212200).
文摘In winter 2018,an aerosol physicochemical experiment was conducted in the Western Pacific Ocean(WPO)aboard the Research Vessel KEXUE of Chinese Academy of Sciences.This study systematically investigated both natural and anthropogenic effects on marine aerosols optical properties,as well as the applicability of multi-satellite products and IMPROVE equation.The averaged aerosol optical depth(AOD500 nm)was 0.31±0.16 andÅngström exponent440–675 nm was 0.29±0.30.In offshore China,significant anthropogenic emissions affected the marine environment.In remote WPO,dust aerosols transported from northern China,Siberia,Central Asia,and those settling from the upper troposphere originating from north Africa,Arabian peninsula,and western India,were dominant.The spatial trends of AOD were opposite in the mid-latitude and southern seas of WPO.The highest AOD,0.32±0.23,appeared along the coast of South Asia at mid-latitude,decreasing from offshore seas to remote oceans.In low-latitude and equatorial seas,AOD significantly increased from coast to remote oceans.Ångström exponent dropped significantly from the coast to remote oceans as anthropogenic influence diminished across the entire WPO.Correlation analysis showed that both MODIS-C6 and Himawari AOD prod-ucts showed similar applicability in coastal urban areas,while Himawari AOD is highly recommended for coastal background and marine environment due to its finer resolution.The extinction coefficient derived from PM_(2.5) chemical compositions using IMPROVE algorithm exhibited a significant correlation(R^(2)=0.58)with the con-currently measured AOD in the absence of long-distance transport,suggesting that the IMPROVE is a reasonable proxy of the columnar average of marine aerosol extinctions free from transport influences.
基金funded by the Construction Project of the"Flagship"Department of Chinese and Western Medicine Coordination(LiuL/2024-221)the 2024 Medical Service and Security Capacity Improvement Project(National Clinical Key Specialty Construction)(LiuL/Huwei Medical/2024-65)+5 种基金the Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization Project(LiuL/No.2023JSP03)the Shanghai Key Discipline Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Clinical)(LiuL/2024-No.3)the Shanghai Technical Standardization Management and Promotion Project(LiuL/No.SHDC22023212)the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project(2022)(LiuL/No.2022Cx004)Clinical research project of Shanghai Health Commission-Youth Project(LW/No.20214Y0056)Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health(LW/No.SZB2023201).
文摘INTRODUCTION.Depressive disorders are mental illnesses that seriously affect public health.There are approximately 320 million patients with depression worldwide,accounting for 4.4% of the total disease burden.1Depression leads to social and occupational impairment,diminished quality of life and an elevated risk of death by suicide.
文摘Gastric precancerous lesions(GPL)represent a crucial stage in the complex process of gastric carcinogenesis that leads to gastric cancer(GC),one of the most prevalent cancers and a major source of cancer mortality worldwide.Many studies have identified the gastrointestinal microbiota,or gut microbiota,as an important contributor to both the pathogenesis and treatment of GPL and GC,thus understanding its role in this transition is crucial.The purpose of this literature review is to introduce the current landscape of microbiota research associated with GPL and GC,with an emphasis on Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)driven microbial dysbiosis and its modulation through Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)approaches.By elucidating the underlying mechanisms of H.pylori colonization,patterns,and interactions among microbiota,as well as the influence of microbial metabolites,this review highlights crucial driving factors of gastric carcinogenesis.The role of microbiota in conventional interventions,including H.pylori eradication,immunotherapy,as well as TCM herbal decoctions,is also discussed to provide a detailed understanding of the complex interactions between therapy and microbiota and how it could be potentially targeted for effective management of GPL and GC.Ultimately,microbiota-targeting therapeutics may represent a new path toward early detection,targeted treatment,improved prognosis,and potentially reduced incidence of GPL and GC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42174126)the Alliance of International Science Organizations(ANSO)Project(Grant No.ANSO-CR-PP2022-04)+1 种基金the Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant Nos.2024ZD1002206,2024ZD1002201)Key R&D Program of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region(Grant No.2024B03013-2)。
文摘The Pamir Plateau,at the northwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,is a key region for investigating continental collision and plateau uplifting.To probe its deep structure,we collected seismic data from 263 stations across 11 research projects.We applied cross-correlation to noise data and extracted surface wave dispersion data from cross-correlation functions.The extracted dispersion data were subsequently inverted using a 3-D transdimensional Bayesian inversion method(rj-3 DMcMC).The inversion result reveals several crustal low-velocity zones(LVZs).Their formation is likely related to crustal thickening,the exposure of gneiss domes,and thicker sedimentary sequences compared to surrounding areas.In the lower crust and upper mantle,the LVZs in southern Pamir and southeastern Karakoram evolve into high-velocity zones,which expand northeastward with increasing depth.This suggests northward underthrusting of the Indian Plate.We also analyzed the Moho using both the standard deviation of S-wave velocity and the S-wave velocity structure.Results show that significant variations in velocity standard deviation reliably delineate the Moho interface.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers U2142207 and U2342205]the National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2024YFC3013100]China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Youth Innovation Team[CMA2024QN06].
文摘Since the 21st century,the Huang–Huai–Hai River Basin(HHHRB)in China has experienced increased frequency and severity of drought–flood abrupt alternation(DFAA)events during early summer,characterized by droughts in June followed by floods in July.The 2024 event was the most severe since 1981.This study demonstrates that such compound extreme events are closely linked to anomalous subseasonal evolution of large-scale atmospheric circulation.During the drought phase,the East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EAJ)shifts southward,and the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)exhibits anomalous strengthening with its western ridge line displaced southward.The flood phase is characterized by acceleration of the EAJ,westward extension of the WPSH,and enhanced southwestern moisture transport from the western Pacific.Beyond these typical features,the 2024 early summer circulation exhibited unique characteristics:Anomalous northeastward intensification of the WPSH facilitated merged moisture influx from both the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific along the southeast pathway into the HHHRB in July,resulting in the highest net moisture inflow at the southern boundary of the HHHRB since 1981.The synergistic effects of multiple factors primarily explain the exceptionally intense DFAA event in 2024.
