In the traditional power transmission network planning,deterministic analysis methods are widely used.In such methods,all contingencies are deemed to have the same occurrence probability,which is not reasonable.In thi...In the traditional power transmission network planning,deterministic analysis methods are widely used.In such methods,all contingencies are deemed to have the same occurrence probability,which is not reasonable.In this paper,risk assessment is introduced to the process of transmission network planning considering the probabilistic characteristics of contingencies.Risk indices are given to determine the weak points of the transmission network based on local information,such as bus risk,line overload risk,contingency severity.The indices are calculated by the optimal cost control method based on risk theory,which can help planners to quickly determine weak points in the planning and find solution to them.For simplification,only line overload violation is considered.Finally,the proposed method is validated by an IEEE-RTS test system and a real power system in China from two aspects.In the first case,the original system is evaluated by the proposed method to find the weak points,and then four planning schemes are established,among which the best scheme is selected.In the second case,four initial planning schemes are established by combining the experiences of planners,and after the evaluation by using the proposed method,the best planning scheme is improved based on the information of weak points in the initial schemes,and the risk of improved scheme is reduced from 42 531.86 MW·h per year to 4 431.26 MW·h per year.展开更多
In this paper, some new existence and uniqueness of points of coincidence of weakly compatible pair of mappings is obtained, which does not satisfy continuity and commutativity. The conditions are weaker than the usua...In this paper, some new existence and uniqueness of points of coincidence of weakly compatible pair of mappings is obtained, which does not satisfy continuity and commutativity. The conditions are weaker than the usual conditions in cone metric spaces.展开更多
Based on the dynamic dielectric recovery process in the vacuum gaps in series, investigations were made on post-arc insulation state in double and multi-breaks operation in high voltage power system. From the research...Based on the dynamic dielectric recovery process in the vacuum gaps in series, investigations were made on post-arc insulation state in double and multi-breaks operation in high voltage power system. From the research on the breakdown weak points in high voltage vacuum gaps, their turnout and distribution, some theoretic work were made to set up the models for describing the statistical property of multi-breaks vacuum circuit-breakers' breakdown and post-arc re-strike, which can be used for explaining the mechanism of the improvement in the breaking capacity of multi-breaks units compared with that of single-break ones which have the same equivalent gap length. The advantages of vacuum breakers with multi-breaks are proposed.展开更多
The core problem of dynamical systems is to study the asymptotic behaviors of orbits and their topological structures. It is well known that the orbits with certain recurrence and generating ergodic (or invariant) mea...The core problem of dynamical systems is to study the asymptotic behaviors of orbits and their topological structures. It is well known that the orbits with certain recurrence and generating ergodic (or invariant) measures are important, such orbits form a full measure set for all invariant measures of the system, its closure is called the measure center of the system. To investigate this set, Zhou introduced the notions of weakly almost periodic point and quasi-weakly almost periodic point in 1990s, and presented some open problems on complexity of discrete dynamical systems in 2004. One of the open problems is as follows: for a quasi-weakly almost periodic point but not weakly almost periodic, is there an invariant measure generated by its orbit such that the support of this measure is equal to its minimal center of attraction (a closed invariant set which attracts its orbit statistically for every point and has no proper subset with this property)? Up to now, the problem remains open. In this paper, we construct two points in the one-sided shift system of two symbols, each of them generates a sub-shift system. One gives a positive answer to the question above, the other answers in the negative. Thus we solve the open problem completely. More important, the two examples show that a proper quasi-weakly almost periodic orbit behaves very differently with weakly almost periodic orbit.展开更多
We establish the existence of positive periodic solutions of the second-order singular coupled systems{x′′＋ p_1（t）x′＋ q_1（t）x = f_1（t, y（t）） ＋ c_1（t）,y′′＋ p_2（t）y′＋ q_2（t）y = f_2（t, x（t）） ...We establish the existence of positive periodic solutions of the second-order singular coupled systems{x′′＋ p_1（t）x′＋ q_1（t）x = f_1（t, y（t）） ＋ c_1（t）,y′′＋ p_2（t）y′＋ q_2（t）y = f_2（t, x（t）） ＋ c_2（t）,where pi, qi, ci ∈ C（R/T Z; R）, i = 1, 2; f_1, f_2 ∈ C（R/T Z ×（0, ∞）, R） and may be singular near the zero. The proof relies on Schauder＇s fixed point theorem and anti-maximum principle.Our main results generalize and improve those available in the literature.展开更多
Let （E,ξ）=ind（En,ξn） be an inductive limit of a sequence （En,ξn）n∈N of locally convex spaces and let every step （En,ξn） be endowed with a partial order by a pointed convex （solid） cone Sn. In the framew...Let （E,ξ）=ind（En,ξn） be an inductive limit of a sequence （En,ξn）n∈N of locally convex spaces and let every step （En,ξn） be endowed with a partial order by a pointed convex （solid） cone Sn. In the framework of inductive limits of partially ordered locally convex spaces, the notions of lastingly efficient points, lastingly weakly efficient points and lastingly globally properly efficient points are introduced. For several ordering cones, the notion of non-conflict is introduced. Under the requirement that the sequence （Sn）n∈N of ordering cones is non-conflicting, an existence theorem on lastingly weakly efficient points is presented. From this, an existence theorem on lastingly globally properly efficient points is deduced.展开更多
Three characteristics of the very rotund space ape proved and the relationships between the very rotund space and the geometrical properties of Banach space are discussed. Also connection between the weakly exposed po...Three characteristics of the very rotund space ape proved and the relationships between the very rotund space and the geometrical properties of Banach space are discussed. Also connection between the weakly exposed points and Radon Nikodym-property is established.展开更多
This paper is devoted to problems stated by Z. Zhou and ELi in 2009. They concern relations between almost periodic, weakly almost periodic, and quasi-weakly almost periodic points of a continuous map f and its topolo...This paper is devoted to problems stated by Z. Zhou and ELi in 2009. They concern relations between almost periodic, weakly almost periodic, and quasi-weakly almost periodic points of a continuous map f and its topological entropy. The negative answer follows by our recent paper. But for continuous maps of the interval and other more general one-dimensional spaces we give more results; in some cases the answer is positive.展开更多
In this paper, some new iterative schemes for approximating the common element of the set of fixed points of strongly relatively nonexpansive mappings and the set of zero points of maximal monotone operators in a real...In this paper, some new iterative schemes for approximating the common element of the set of fixed points of strongly relatively nonexpansive mappings and the set of zero points of maximal monotone operators in a real uniformly smooth and uniformly convex Banach space are proposed. Some weak convergence theorems are obtained, which extend and complement some previous work.展开更多
The purpose to this paper is to study the existence problem of solutions to the vector quasivariational inequality for vector-valued functions inH-space.
Let X denote a compact metric space with distance d and F ： X×R→ X or Ft ： X→X denote a C0-flow. From the point of view of ergodic theory, all important dynamical behaviors take place on a full measure set. T...Let X denote a compact metric space with distance d and F ： X×R→ X or Ft ： X→X denote a C0-flow. From the point of view of ergodic theory, all important dynamical behaviors take place on a full measure set. The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of Banach upper density recurrent points and to show that the closure of the set of all Banach upper density recurrent points equals the measure center or the minimal center of attraction for a C0-flow. Moreover, we give an example to show that the set of quasi-weakly almost periodic points can be included properly in the set of Banach upper density recurrent points, and point out that the set of Banach upper density recurrent points can be included properly in the set of recurrent points.展开更多
Recently, He et al. [On quasi-weakly almost periodic points. Sci. China Math., 56, 597- 606 （2013）] constructed two binary sub-shifts to solve an open problem posed by Zhou and Feng in [Twelve open problems on the e...Recently, He et al. [On quasi-weakly almost periodic points. Sci. China Math., 56, 597- 606 （2013）] constructed two binary sub-shifts to solve an open problem posed by Zhou and Feng in [Twelve open problems on the exact value of the Hausdorff measure and on topological entropy： A brief survey of recent results. Nonlinearity, 17, 493-502 （2004）]. In this paper, we study more dynamical properties of those two binary sub-shifts. We show that the first one has zero topological entropy and is transitive but not weakly mixing, while the second one has positive topological entropy and is strongly mixing.展开更多
In this work, by virtue of the properties of weakly almost periodic points of a dynamical system （X, T） with at least two points, the authors prove that, if the measure center M（T） of T is the whole space, that is...In this work, by virtue of the properties of weakly almost periodic points of a dynamical system （X, T） with at least two points, the authors prove that, if the measure center M（T） of T is the whole space, that is, M（T） = X, then the following statements are equivalent： （1） （X, T） is ergodic mixing; （2） （X, T） is topologically double ergodic; （3） （X, T） is weak mixing; （4） （X, T） is extremely scattering; （5） （X, T） is strong scattering; （6） （X × X, T × T） is strong scattering; （7） （X × X, T × T） is extremely scattering; （8） For any subset S of N with upper density 1, there is a c-dense Fα-chaotic set with respect to S. As an application, the authors show that, for the sub-shift aA of finite type determined by a k × k-（0, 1） matrix A, erA is strong mixing if and only if aA is totally transitive.展开更多
The process reasons for weak point formation of the deep trench on SOI wafers have been analyzed in detail. An optimized trench process is also proposed. It is found that there are two main reasons： one is over-etchi...The process reasons for weak point formation of the deep trench on SOI wafers have been analyzed in detail. An optimized trench process is also proposed. It is found that there are two main reasons： one is over-etching laterally of the silicon on the surface of the buried oxide caused by a fringe effect; and the other is the slow growth rate of the isolation oxide in the concave silicon comer of the trench bottom. In order to improve the isolation performance of the deep trench, two feasible ways for optimizing the trench process are proposed. The improved process thickens the isolation oxide and rounds sharp silicon comers at their weak points, increasing the applied voltage by 15-20 V at the same leakage current. The proposed new trench isolation process has been verified in the foundry＇s 0.5-μm HV SOI technology.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a Sample Average Approximation （SAA） method for a class of Stochastic Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints （SMPCC） recently considered by Birbil, G/irkan and Listes [3]....In this paper, we propose a Sample Average Approximation （SAA） method for a class of Stochastic Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints （SMPCC） recently considered by Birbil, G/irkan and Listes [3]. We study the statistical properties of obtained SAA estimators. In particular we show that under moderate conditions a sequence of weak stationary points of SAA programs converge to a weak stationary point of the true problem with probability approaching one at exponential rate as the sample size tends to infinity. To implement the SAA method more efficiently, we incorporate the method with some techniques such as Scholtes＇ regularization method and the well known smoothing NCP method. Some preliminary numerical results are reported.展开更多
Nonlinear scalarization is a very important method to deal with the vector optimization problems.In this paper,some conic nonlinear scalarization characterizations of E-optimal points,weakly E-optimal points,and E-Be...Nonlinear scalarization is a very important method to deal with the vector optimization problems.In this paper,some conic nonlinear scalarization characterizations of E-optimal points,weakly E-optimal points,and E-Benson properly efficient points proposed via improvement sets are established by a new scalarization function,respectively.These results improved and generalized some previously known results.As a special case,the scalarization of Benson properly efficient points is also given.Some examples are given to illustrate the main results.展开更多
基金Supported by Major State Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program,No. 2009CB219700 and No. 2010CB23460)Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Development Program (No. 09JCZDJC25000)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No.20090032110064)
文摘In the traditional power transmission network planning,deterministic analysis methods are widely used.In such methods,all contingencies are deemed to have the same occurrence probability,which is not reasonable.In this paper,risk assessment is introduced to the process of transmission network planning considering the probabilistic characteristics of contingencies.Risk indices are given to determine the weak points of the transmission network based on local information,such as bus risk,line overload risk,contingency severity.The indices are calculated by the optimal cost control method based on risk theory,which can help planners to quickly determine weak points in the planning and find solution to them.For simplification,only line overload violation is considered.Finally,the proposed method is validated by an IEEE-RTS test system and a real power system in China from two aspects.In the first case,the original system is evaluated by the proposed method to find the weak points,and then four planning schemes are established,among which the best scheme is selected.In the second case,four initial planning schemes are established by combining the experiences of planners,and after the evaluation by using the proposed method,the best planning scheme is improved based on the information of weak points in the initial schemes,and the risk of improved scheme is reduced from 42 531.86 MW·h per year to 4 431.26 MW·h per year.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2012JYZ019)
文摘In this paper, some new existence and uniqueness of points of coincidence of weakly compatible pair of mappings is obtained, which does not satisfy continuity and commutativity. The conditions are weaker than the usual conditions in cone metric spaces.
文摘Based on the dynamic dielectric recovery process in the vacuum gaps in series, investigations were made on post-arc insulation state in double and multi-breaks operation in high voltage power system. From the research on the breakdown weak points in high voltage vacuum gaps, their turnout and distribution, some theoretic work were made to set up the models for describing the statistical property of multi-breaks vacuum circuit-breakers' breakdown and post-arc re-strike, which can be used for explaining the mechanism of the improvement in the breaking capacity of multi-breaks units compared with that of single-break ones which have the same equivalent gap length. The advantages of vacuum breakers with multi-breaks are proposed.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10971236 and 11261039)the Foundation from the Jiangxi Education Department (Grant No. GJJ11295)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China (Grant No. 20114BAB201006)the Foundation of Sun Yat-sen University Advanced Center
文摘The core problem of dynamical systems is to study the asymptotic behaviors of orbits and their topological structures. It is well known that the orbits with certain recurrence and generating ergodic (or invariant) measures are important, such orbits form a full measure set for all invariant measures of the system, its closure is called the measure center of the system. To investigate this set, Zhou introduced the notions of weakly almost periodic point and quasi-weakly almost periodic point in 1990s, and presented some open problems on complexity of discrete dynamical systems in 2004. One of the open problems is as follows: for a quasi-weakly almost periodic point but not weakly almost periodic, is there an invariant measure generated by its orbit such that the support of this measure is equal to its minimal center of attraction (a closed invariant set which attracts its orbit statistically for every point and has no proper subset with this property)? Up to now, the problem remains open. In this paper, we construct two points in the one-sided shift system of two symbols, each of them generates a sub-shift system. One gives a positive answer to the question above, the other answers in the negative. Thus we solve the open problem completely. More important, the two examples show that a proper quasi-weakly almost periodic orbit behaves very differently with weakly almost periodic orbit.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Funds for the Ningxia Universities(Grant No.NGY2015141)
文摘We establish the existence of positive periodic solutions of the second-order singular coupled systems{x′′＋ p_1（t）x′＋ q_1（t）x = f_1（t, y（t）） ＋ c_1（t）,y′′＋ p_2（t）y′＋ q_2（t）y = f_2（t, x（t）） ＋ c_2（t）,where pi, qi, ci ∈ C（R/T Z; R）, i = 1, 2; f_1, f_2 ∈ C（R/T Z ×（0, ∞）, R） and may be singular near the zero. The proof relies on Schauder＇s fixed point theorem and anti-maximum principle.Our main results generalize and improve those available in the literature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10871141)
文摘Let （E,ξ）=ind（En,ξn） be an inductive limit of a sequence （En,ξn）n∈N of locally convex spaces and let every step （En,ξn） be endowed with a partial order by a pointed convex （solid） cone Sn. In the framework of inductive limits of partially ordered locally convex spaces, the notions of lastingly efficient points, lastingly weakly efficient points and lastingly globally properly efficient points are introduced. For several ordering cones, the notion of non-conflict is introduced. Under the requirement that the sequence （Sn）n∈N of ordering cones is non-conflicting, an existence theorem on lastingly weakly efficient points is presented. From this, an existence theorem on lastingly globally properly efficient points is deduced.
文摘Three characteristics of the very rotund space ape proved and the relationships between the very rotund space and the geometrical properties of Banach space are discussed. Also connection between the weakly exposed points and Radon Nikodym-property is established.
基金Supported in part by the grant SGS/15/2010 from the Silesian University in Opava
文摘This paper is devoted to problems stated by Z. Zhou and ELi in 2009. They concern relations between almost periodic, weakly almost periodic, and quasi-weakly almost periodic points of a continuous map f and its topological entropy. The negative answer follows by our recent paper. But for continuous maps of the interval and other more general one-dimensional spaces we give more results; in some cases the answer is positive.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10771050)the Natural Science Foun-dation of Hebei Province(A2010001482)
文摘In this paper, some new iterative schemes for approximating the common element of the set of fixed points of strongly relatively nonexpansive mappings and the set of zero points of maximal monotone operators in a real uniformly smooth and uniformly convex Banach space are proposed. Some weak convergence theorems are obtained, which extend and complement some previous work.
基金Supported by the Science Research Foundation of Xianning Teacher's College( No.K9911)
文摘The purpose to this paper is to study the existence problem of solutions to the vector quasivariational inequality for vector-valued functions inH-space.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant Nos.11261039,11661054)National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi(Grant No.20132BAB201009)
文摘Let X denote a compact metric space with distance d and F ： X×R→ X or Ft ： X→X denote a C0-flow. From the point of view of ergodic theory, all important dynamical behaviors take place on a full measure set. The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of Banach upper density recurrent points and to show that the closure of the set of all Banach upper density recurrent points equals the measure center or the minimal center of attraction for a C0-flow. Moreover, we give an example to show that the set of quasi-weakly almost periodic points can be included properly in the set of Banach upper density recurrent points, and point out that the set of Banach upper density recurrent points can be included properly in the set of recurrent points.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11261039)National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.20132BAB201009)the Innovation Fund Designated for Graduate Students of Jiangxi Province
文摘Recently, He et al. [On quasi-weakly almost periodic points. Sci. China Math., 56, 597- 606 （2013）] constructed two binary sub-shifts to solve an open problem posed by Zhou and Feng in [Twelve open problems on the exact value of the Hausdorff measure and on topological entropy： A brief survey of recent results. Nonlinearity, 17, 493-502 （2004）]. In this paper, we study more dynamical properties of those two binary sub-shifts. We show that the first one has zero topological entropy and is transitive but not weakly mixing, while the second one has positive topological entropy and is strongly mixing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10971236)the Foundation of Jiangxi Provincial Education Department (No. GJJ11295)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20114BAB201006)
文摘In this work, by virtue of the properties of weakly almost periodic points of a dynamical system （X, T） with at least two points, the authors prove that, if the measure center M（T） of T is the whole space, that is, M（T） = X, then the following statements are equivalent： （1） （X, T） is ergodic mixing; （2） （X, T） is topologically double ergodic; （3） （X, T） is weak mixing; （4） （X, T） is extremely scattering; （5） （X, T） is strong scattering; （6） （X × X, T × T） is strong scattering; （7） （X × X, T × T） is extremely scattering; （8） For any subset S of N with upper density 1, there is a c-dense Fα-chaotic set with respect to S. As an application, the authors show that, for the sub-shift aA of finite type determined by a k × k-（0, 1） matrix A, erA is strong mixing if and only if aA is totally transitive.
文摘The process reasons for weak point formation of the deep trench on SOI wafers have been analyzed in detail. An optimized trench process is also proposed. It is found that there are two main reasons： one is over-etching laterally of the silicon on the surface of the buried oxide caused by a fringe effect; and the other is the slow growth rate of the isolation oxide in the concave silicon comer of the trench bottom. In order to improve the isolation performance of the deep trench, two feasible ways for optimizing the trench process are proposed. The improved process thickens the isolation oxide and rounds sharp silicon comers at their weak points, increasing the applied voltage by 15-20 V at the same leakage current. The proposed new trench isolation process has been verified in the foundry＇s 0.5-μm HV SOI technology.
文摘In this paper, we propose a Sample Average Approximation （SAA） method for a class of Stochastic Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints （SMPCC） recently considered by Birbil, G/irkan and Listes [3]. We study the statistical properties of obtained SAA estimators. In particular we show that under moderate conditions a sequence of weak stationary points of SAA programs converge to a weak stationary point of the true problem with probability approaching one at exponential rate as the sample size tends to infinity. To implement the SAA method more efficiently, we incorporate the method with some techniques such as Scholtes＇ regularization method and the well known smoothing NCP method. Some preliminary numerical results are reported.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11301574)Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(No.KJ1500310)the Doctor Startup Fund of Chongqing Normal University(No.16XLB010).
文摘Nonlinear scalarization is a very important method to deal with the vector optimization problems.In this paper,some conic nonlinear scalarization characterizations of E-optimal points,weakly E-optimal points,and E-Benson properly efficient points proposed via improvement sets are established by a new scalarization function,respectively.These results improved and generalized some previously known results.As a special case,the scalarization of Benson properly efficient points is also given.Some examples are given to illustrate the main results.
