Direct propane dehydrogenation(DPDH)represents a highly attractive route for on-purpose propylene production,a key building block in the petrochemical industry.In particular,among various catalytic platforms,vanadium-...Direct propane dehydrogenation(DPDH)represents a highly attractive route for on-purpose propylene production,a key building block in the petrochemical industry.In particular,among various catalytic platforms,vanadium-based catalysts have emerged as promising candidates due to their tunable properties including redox ability,surface acidity,and resistance to coking.Although the catalytic community has obtained great achievement in this area,how to promote vanadium-based catalysts towards the next step in DPDH applications like industrial-level implementations is still challenging.Moreover,there are still several controversial theories in our community,meaning it is necessary to clarify these indistinct points to pave the way for the next generation of research.Herein,the pivotal modification strategies of vanadium-based catalysts have been summarized via introducing representative works.In addition,the current unclear mechanism and research gaps,especially in the issues of deactivation and selectivity control,are also revealed so that the potential research directions are well-founded proposed.By integrating fundamental understanding and practical considerations,this review aims to inspire the further development of vanadium-based DPDH catalysts for in-depth academic research and next-generation industrial deployment.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries have attracted wide attention for their high theoretical energy density,low cost,and environmental friendliness.However,the shuttle effect of polysulfides and the insulation of active mat...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries have attracted wide attention for their high theoretical energy density,low cost,and environmental friendliness.However,the shuttle effect of polysulfides and the insulation of active materials severely restrict the development of Li-S batteries.Constructing conductive sulfur scaffolds with catalytic conversion capability for cathodes is an efficient approach to solving above issues.Vanadium-based compounds and their heterostructures have recently emerged as functional sulfur catalysts supported on conductive scaffolds.These compounds interact with polysulfides via different mechanisms to alleviate the shuttle effect and accelerate the redox kinetics,leading to higher Coulombic efficiency and enhanced sulfur utilization.Reports on vanadium-based nanomaterials in Li-S batteries have been steadily increasing over the past several years.In this review,first,we provide an overview of the synthesis of vanadium-based compounds and heterostructures.Then,we discuss the interactions and constitutive relationships between vanadium-based catalysts and polysulfides formed at sulfur cathodes.We summarize the mechanisms that contribute to the enhancement of electrochemical performance for various types of vanadium-based catalysts,thus providing insights for the rational design of sulfur catalysts.Finally,we offer a perspective on the future directions for the research and development of vanadium-based sulfur catalysts.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation large-scale energy storage systems due to the abundance of sodium resources,low solvation energy,and cost-effectiveness.Among the available...Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation large-scale energy storage systems due to the abundance of sodium resources,low solvation energy,and cost-effectiveness.Among the available cathode materials,vanadium-based sodium phosphate cathodes are particularly notable for their high operating voltage,excellent thermal stability,and superior cycling performance.However,these materials face significant challenges,including sluggish reaction kinetics,the toxicity of vanadium,and poor electronic conductivity.To overcome these limitations and enhance electrochemical performance,various strategies have been explored.These include morphology regulation via diverse synthesis routes and electronic structure optimization through metal doping,which effectively improve the diffusion of Na+and electrons in vanadium-based phosphate cathodes.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges associated with V-based polyanion cathodes and examines the role of morphology and electronic structure design in enhancing performance.Key vanadium-based phosphate frameworks,such as orthophosphates(Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)),pyrophosphates(NaVP_(2)O_(7),Na_(2)(VO)P_(2)O_(7),Na_(7)V_(3)(P_(2)O_(7))_(4)),and mixed phosphates(Na_(7)V_(4)(P_(2)O_(7))_(4)PO_(4)),are discussed in detail,highlighting recent advances and insights into their structure-property relationships.The design of cathode material morphology offers an effective approach to optimizing material structures,compositions,porosity,and ion/electron diffusion pathways.Simultaneously,electronic structure tuning through element doping allows for the regulation of band structures,electron distribution,diffusion barriers,and the intrinsic conductivity of phosphate compounds.Addressing the challenges associated with vanadium-based sodium phosphate cathode materials,this study proposes feasible solutions and outlines future research directions toward advancement of high-performance vanadium-based polyanion cathodes.展开更多
Cathode materials with excellent performance are a key to exploiting aqueous zinc ion batteries.In this study,we developed a cathode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries using an in situ anion–cation pre-intercala...Cathode materials with excellent performance are a key to exploiting aqueous zinc ion batteries.In this study,we developed a cathode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries using an in situ anion–cation pre-intercalation strategy with a metal–organic framework.In situ doping of S and Zn in a vanadium-based metal–organic framework structure forms a Zn–S pre-intercalated vanadium oxide((Zn,S)VO)composite.The combination of the additional Zn^(2+)storage sites with pseudocapacitive behavior on the amorphous surface of the enriched oxygen defects and the enhancement of the structural toughness by strong ionic bonding together the unique nanostructure of the nanochains by the process of‘‘oriented attachment’’led to the preparation of the high-performance(Zn,S)VO composite.The results show that the(Zn,S)VO electrode has a capacity of 602.40 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1),an initial discharge capacity of 300.60 mAh·g^(-1)at 10.0 A·g^(-1),and a capacity retention rate of 99.93%after 3,500 cycles.Using the gel electrolyte,the capacity of(Zn,S)VO electrode is 233.15 and 650.93 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.2 A·g^(-1)in-20 and 60°C environments,respectively.Meanwhile,the(Zn,S)VO flexible batteries perform well in harsh environments.展开更多
Aiming at the problems of insufficient activity and selectivity of Cu-based catalysts in CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,Al_(2)O_(3),ZrO_(2)and CeO_(2)modified Cu-ZnO catalysts by the co-precipitation method were prep...Aiming at the problems of insufficient activity and selectivity of Cu-based catalysts in CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,Al_(2)O_(3),ZrO_(2)and CeO_(2)modified Cu-ZnO catalysts by the co-precipitation method were prepared,and the influence mechanism of additives on the structure-performance relationship of the catalysts was systematically explored.Through a variety of characterization methods such as XRD,N2 physical adsorption-desorption,TEM,H_(2)-TPR,CO_(2)-TPD and XPS,combined with catalytic performance evaluation experiments,the correlation between the microstructure of catalysts and the reaction performance of CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol was analyzed in depth.The results show that metal additives significantly improve the performance of catalysts.After the introduction of additives,the specific surface area and pore volume of the catalysts increase,the grain size of Cu decreases,and its dispersion improves.The Ce-modified CZC catalyst exhibited the best performance,with the grain size of CuO as small as 11.41 nm,and the surface oxygen vacancy concentration(OⅡ/OⅠ=3.15)was significantly higher than that of other samples.The reaction performance test shows that under the conditions of 2.8 MPa,8000 h−1 and 280℃,the CO_(2)conversion of the CZC catalyst reached 18.83%,the methanol selectivity was 68.40%,and the methanol yield was 12.88%,all of which are superior to other catalysts.Its excellent performance can be attributed to the fact that CeO_(2)enhances the metal-support interaction,increases the surface basicity,promotes the adsorption and activation of CO_(2),and simultaneously inhibits the reverse water-gas shift side reaction.This study clarifies the structure-activity regulation mechanism of additive modification on Cu-ZnO catalysts,providing a theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of efficient catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol.展开更多
Under the backdrop of“Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality”(dual carbon)goal in China,the methane-carbon dioxide reforming reaction has attracted considerable attention due to its environmental benefits of converting t...Under the backdrop of“Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality”(dual carbon)goal in China,the methane-carbon dioxide reforming reaction has attracted considerable attention due to its environmental benefits of converting two greenhouse gases(methane and carbon dioxide)into syngas and its promising industrial applications.Nickel(Ni)-based catalysts,with high catalytic activity,low cost,and abundant resources,are considered ideal candidates for industrial applications.In this article,three reaction kinetic models were briefly introduced,namely the Power-Law(PL)model,the Eley-Rideal(ER)model,and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson(LHHW)model.Based on the LHHW model,the reaction kinetics and mechanisms of different catalytic systems were systematically discussed,including the properties of supports,the doping of noble metals and transition metals,the role of promoters,and the influence of the geometric and electronic structures of Ni on the reaction mechanism.Furthermore,the kinetics of carbon deposition and elimination on various catalysts were analyzed.Based on the reaction rate expressions for carbon elimination,the reasons for the high activity of transition metal iron(Fe)-doped catalysts and core-shell structured catalysts in carbon elimination were explained.Based on the detailed collation and comparative analysis of the reaction mechanisms and kinetic characteristics across diverse Ni-based catalytic systems,a theoretical guidance for the designing of high-performance catalysts was provided in this work.展开更多
Electrochemical water splitting represents a sustainable technology for hydrogen(H_(2))production.However,its large-scale implementation is hindered by the high overpotentials required for both the cathodic hydrogen e...Electrochemical water splitting represents a sustainable technology for hydrogen(H_(2))production.However,its large-scale implementation is hindered by the high overpotentials required for both the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Transition metal-based catalysts have garnered significant research interest as promising alternatives to noble-metal catalysts,owing to their low cost,tunable composition,and noble-metal-like catalytic activity.Nevertheless,systematic reviews on their application as bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting(OWS)are still limited.This review comprehensively outlines the principal categories of bifunctional transition metal electrocatalysts derived from electrospun nanofibers(NFs),including metals,oxides,phosphides,sulfides,and carbides.Key strategies for enhancing their catalytic performance are systematically summarized,such as heterointerface engineering,heteroatom doping,metal-nonmetal-metal bridging architectures,and single-atom site design.Finally,current challenges and future research directions are discussed,aiming to provide insightful perspectives for the rational design of high-performance electrocatalysts for OWS.展开更多
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)have attracted widespread concern due to their high toxicity,and their difficult manipulation in laboratories has made the research process t...Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)have attracted widespread concern due to their high toxicity,and their difficult manipulation in laboratories has made the research process tough.Thus,in our work,furan is selected as the model compound owing to the same structure of a central oxygenate ring.Although catalytic oxidation is regarded as an effective and applicable method for the abatement of PCDD/Fs,the synthesis of low-temperature catalysts is still a challenging problem in practical applications.Considering this situation,we prepared a novel V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)catalyst modified with N-doped hierarchical porous carbon(NHPC)via a wet impregnation method.The V/T-1%NHPC catalyst could achieve expectant low-temperature performances with 50%furan conversion at 150℃and a complete conversion at 200℃,which decreased 23℃and 40℃compared to the V/T catalyst respectively.Moreover,the addition of NHPC presented lifting chemical stability during long-time test.The addition of NHPC in V/T catalysts decreased the formation of crystalline V_(2)O_(5) and increased the percentages of V^(5+)and O_(lat),which improved the utilization of vanadium ions and the catalytic activity.Simultaneously,the higher binding energy shift of O_(lat) implied more reaction possibility with other oxidise reactants.Importantly,this work proved the lifting catalytic activity by the interaction between catalysts and NHPC,and proposed the promoting effects of the N element.The results showed that the content of the pyridinic N and graphitic N in NHPC changed after combining with V/T catalyst,which played crucial roles in the excellent catalytic performance.Overall,this work provides comprehensive research of the V/T-1%NHPC catalyst toward furan oxidation at low temperature and explain the effects of N-doped biomass carbon in catalytic activity clearly,which gave a new thought to design low-temperature catalysts in PCDD/Fs degradation.Besides,the internal functional mechanisms of N species are worth further exploration in future studies.展开更多
Against the backdrop of escalating global climate change and energy crises,the resource utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),a major greenhouse gas,has become a crucial pathway for achieving carbon peaking and carbon...Against the backdrop of escalating global climate change and energy crises,the resource utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),a major greenhouse gas,has become a crucial pathway for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.The hydrogenation of CO_(2)to methanol not only enables carbon sequestration and recycling,but also provides a route to produce high value-added fuels and basic chemical feedstocks,holding significant environmental and economic potential.However,this conversion process is thermodynamically and kinetically limited,and traditional catalyst systems(e.g.,Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3))exhibit inadequate activity,selectivity,and stability under mild conditions.Therefore,the development of novel high-performance catalysts with precisely tunable structures and functionalities is imperative.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),as crystalline porous materials with high surface area,tunable pore structures,and diverse metal-ligand compositions,have the great potential in CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysis.Their structural design flexibility allows for the construction of well-dispersed active sites,tailored electronic environments,and enhanced metal-support interactions.This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in MOF-based and MOF-derived catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,focusing on four design strategies:(1)spatial confinement and in situ construction,(2)defect engineering and ion-exchange,(3)bimetallic synergy and hybrid structure design,and(4)MOF-derived nanomaterial synthesis.These approaches significantly improve CO_(2)conversion and methanol selectivity by optimizing metal dispersion,interfacial structures,and reaction pathways.The reaction mechanism is further explored by focusing on the three main reaction pathways:the formate pathway(HCOO*),the RWGS(Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction)+CO*hydrogenation pathway,and the trans-COOH pathway.In situ spectroscopic studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate the formation and transformation of key intermediates,as well as the roles of active sites,metal-support interfaces,oxygen vacancies,and promoters.Additionally,representative catalytic performance data for MOFbased systems are compiled and compared,demonstrating their advantages over traditional catalysts in terms of CO_(2)conversion,methanol selectivity,and space-time yield.Future perspectives for MOF-based CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysts will prioritize two main directions:structural design and mechanistic understanding.The precise construction of active sites through multi-metallic synergy,defect engineering,and interfacial electronic modulation should be made to enhance catalyst selectivity and stability.In addition,advanced in situ characterization techniques combined with theoretical modeling are essential to unravel the detailed reaction mechanisms and intermediate behaviors,thereby guiding rational catalyst design.Moreover,to enable industrial application,challenges related to thermal/hydrothermal stability,catalyst recyclability,and cost-effective large-scale synthesis must be addressed.The development of green,scalable preparation methods and the integration of MOF catalysts into practical reaction systems(e.g.,flow reactors)will be crucial for bridging the gap between laboratory research and commercial deployment.Ultimately,multi-scale structure-performance optimization and catalytic system integration will be vital for accelerating the industrialization of MOF-based CO_(2)-to-methanol technologies.展开更多
To elucidate the effect of calcite-regulated activated carbon(AC)structure on low-temperature denitrification performance of SCR catalysts,this work prepared a series of Mn-Ce/De-AC-xCaCO_(3)(x is the calcite content ...To elucidate the effect of calcite-regulated activated carbon(AC)structure on low-temperature denitrification performance of SCR catalysts,this work prepared a series of Mn-Ce/De-AC-xCaCO_(3)(x is the calcite content in coal)catalysts were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method,followed by acid washing to remove calcium-containing minerals.Comprehensive characterization and low-temperature denitrification tests revealed that calcite-induced structural modulation of coal-derived AC significantly enhances catalytic activity.Specifically,NO conversion increased from 88.3%of Mn-Ce/De-AC to 91.7%of Mn-Ce/De-AC-1CaCO_(3)(210℃).The improved SCR denitrification activity results from the enhancement of physicochemical properties including higher Mn^(4+)content and Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)ratio,an abundance of chemisorbed oxygen and acidic sites,which could strengthen the SCR reaction pathways(richer NH_(3)activated species and bidentate nitrate active species).Therefore,NO removal is enhanced.展开更多
Catalysts are key for olefin polymerization reactions and are also ubiquitous in catalysis science.Multinuclear metal catalysts have witnessed enhanced performances in catalytic reactions relative to mononuclear catal...Catalysts are key for olefin polymerization reactions and are also ubiquitous in catalysis science.Multinuclear metal catalysts have witnessed enhanced performances in catalytic reactions relative to mononuclear catalysts,but which substantially involve multi-step,tedious,and difficult synthesis.Herein,this study reports an intriguing approach to construct multi-nuclear catalysts for the milestoneα-diimine nickel catalysts using an oligomeric strategy.A polymerizable norbornene unit is incorporated into theα-diimine ligand backbone,leading to the formation of the monomeric nickel catalyst Ni_(1)and its corresponding oligomeric nickel catalysts(Ni_(3)and Ni_(5))with varying degrees of polymerization(DP=3 and 5).Notably,the oligomeric catalyst Ni_(5)was facilely scaled up(50 g-level),showed enhanced thermal stability,exhibited 4.6 times higher activity,and yielded polyethylene elastomer with a 379%increased molecular weight in ethylene polymerization,compared to the monomeric catalyst Ni_(1).Catalytic performance enhancements of oligomeric catalysts were found to be DP-dependent.The kilogram-scale polyethylene,produced using Ni_(5)in a 20 L reactor,presented a highly branched all-hydrocarbon structure,which demonstrated typical elastic properties(tensile strength:4 MPa,elastic recovery:SR=72%)along with great processability(MFI=3.0 g/10 min),insulating characteristics(volume resistivity=2×10^(16)Ω/m),and hydrophobicity(water vapor permeability:0.03 g/m^(2)/day),suggesting potentially practical applications.展开更多
Seawater zinc-air batteries are promising energy storage devices due to their high energy density and utilization of seawater electrolytes.However,their efficiency is hindered by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction...Seawater zinc-air batteries are promising energy storage devices due to their high energy density and utilization of seawater electrolytes.However,their efficiency is hindered by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and chlorideinduced degradation over conventional catalysts.In this study,we proposed a universal synthetic strategy to construct heteroatom axially coordinated Fe–N_(4) single-atom seawater catalyst materials(Cl–Fe–N_(4) and S–Fe–N_(4)).X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirmed their five-coordinated square pyramidal structure.Systematic evaluation of catalytic activities revealed that compared with S–Fe–N_(4),Cl–Fe–N_(4) exhibits smaller electrochemical active surface area and specific surface area,yet demonstrates higher limiting current density(5.8 mA cm^(−2)).The assembled zinc-air batteries using Cl–Fe–N_(4) showed superior power density(187.7 mW cm^(−2) at 245.1 mA cm^(−2)),indicating that Cl axial coordination more effectively enhances the intrinsic ORR activity.Moreover,Cl–Fe–N_(4) demonstrates stronger Cl−poisoning resistance in seawater environments.Chronoamperometry tests and zinc-air battery cycling performance evaluations confirmed its enhanced stability.Density functional theory calculations revealed that the introduction of heteroatoms in the axial direction regulates the electron center of Fe single atom,leading to more active reaction intermediates and increased electron density of Fe single sites,thereby enhancing the reduction in adsorbed intermediates and hence the overall ORR catalytic activity.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries boast a theoretical energy density as high as 2600 Wh·kg^(−1),positioning them as a highly attractive option for future advanced energy storage systems.Challenges such as slow transf...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries boast a theoretical energy density as high as 2600 Wh·kg^(−1),positioning them as a highly attractive option for future advanced energy storage systems.Challenges such as slow transformation kinetics and shuttle effects associated with lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)have seriously hindered their practical applications.In this paper,we present a new method for the synthesis of hollow carbon-sphere-supported Co monatomic catalysts(Co-N-C).This new synthesis method achieves pyrolytic coordination using a precursor rich in imide(-RC=N-)polymers.This synthesis method not only improves the adsorbability and catalytic activity of LiPS but also significantly weakens the shuttle effect and generates Co-N-C with superior conductivity,abundant hollow structures,and a high specific surface area,thus efficiently capturing and restricting the movement of LiPS intermediates.The dispersed Co monoatomic catalysts(Co SACs)were anchored to a highly conductive nitrogen-doped carbon framework and exhibited symmetric N-coordination active sites(Co-N_(4))to ensure fast redox kinetics of LiPS and Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S solid-state products.The lithium-sulfur battery with Co-N-C as the sulfur carrier showed excellent discharging capacity of 1146.6 mAh·g^(−1) at a discharge rate of 0.5 C and maintained excellent performance at a high discharge rate of 2 C.The capacity decay rate in 500 cycles was only 0.086%per cycle,reflecting excellent long-term cycle stability.This study highlights the key role of the synergistic effect between single-atom cobalt catalysts and hollow carbon spheres in enhancing the efficiency of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.It also provides valuable insights into the construction and fabrication of highly active monatomic catalysts.The catalytic conversion efficiency of lithium polysulfides is significantly enhanced when embedded in hollow carbon architectures,which serves as a critical strategy for optimizing the electrochemical behavior of next-generation Li-S batteries.展开更多
High‐entropy amorphous catalysts(HEACs)integrate multielement synergy with structural disorder,making them promising candidates for water splitting.Their distinctive features—including flexible coordination environm...High‐entropy amorphous catalysts(HEACs)integrate multielement synergy with structural disorder,making them promising candidates for water splitting.Their distinctive features—including flexible coordination environments,tunable electronic structures,abundant unsaturated active sites,and dynamic structural reassembly—collectively enhance electrochemical activity and durability under operating conditions.This review summarizes recent advances in HEACs for hydrogen evolution,oxygen evolution,and overall water splitting,highlighting their disorder-driven advantages over crystalline counterparts.Catalytic performance benchmarks are presented,and mechanistic insights are discussed,focusing on how multimetallic synergy,amorphization effect,and in‐situ reconstruction cooperatively regulate reaction pathways.These insights provide guidance for the rational design of next‐generation amorphous high‐entropy electrocatalysts with improved efficiency and durability.展开更多
Using photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to produce valuable fuels is a fascinating way to alleviate environmental issues and energy crises.Bismuth-based(Bi-based)catalysts have attracted widespr...Using photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to produce valuable fuels is a fascinating way to alleviate environmental issues and energy crises.Bismuth-based(Bi-based)catalysts have attracted widespread attention for CO_(2)RR due to their high catalytic activity,selectivity,excellent stability,and low cost.However,they still need to be further improved to meet the needs of industrial applications.This review article comprehensively summarizes the recent advances in regulation strategies of Bi-based catalysts and can be divided into six categories:(1)defect engineering,(2)atomic doping engineering,(3)organic framework engineering,(4)inorganic heterojunction engineering,(5)crystal face engineering,and(6)alloying and polarization engineering.Meanwhile,the corresponding catalytic mechanisms of each regulation strategy will also be discussed in detail,aiming to enable researchers to understand the structure-property relationship of the improved Bibased catalysts fundamentally.Finally,the challenges and future opportunities of the Bi-based catalysts in the photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR application field will also be featured from the perspectives of the(1)combination or synergy of multiple regulatory strategies,(2)revealing formation mechanism and realizing controllable synthesis,and(3)in situ multiscale investigation of activation pathways and uncovering the catalytic mechanisms.On the one hand,through the comparative analysis and mechanism explanation of the six major regulatory strategies,a multidimensional knowledge framework of the structure-activity relationship of Bi-based catalysts can be constructed for researchers,which not only deepens the atomic-level understanding of catalytic active sites,charge transport paths,and the adsorption behavior of intermediate products,but also provides theoretical guiding principles for the controllable design of new catalysts;on the other hand,the promising collaborative regulation strategies,controllable synthetic paths,and the in situ multiscale characterization techniques presented in this work provides a paradigm reference for shortening the research and development cycle of high-performance catalysts,conducive to facilitating the transition of photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR technology from the laboratory routes to industrial application.展开更多
Research on energy storage technology is a vital part of realizing the dual-carbon strategy at this stage.Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are favorable competitors in various energy storage devices due to their high ...Research on energy storage technology is a vital part of realizing the dual-carbon strategy at this stage.Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are favorable competitors in various energy storage devices due to their high energy density,reassuring intrinsic safety,and unique cost advantages.The design of cathode materials is crucial for the large-scale development and application of AZIBs.Vanadium-based oxides with high theoretical capacity,diverse valence states,as well as high electrochemical activity,have been widely used as cathode materials for AZIBs.Unfortunately,there are some obstacles,including low electronic conductivity and sluggish kinetics,hindering their further application in AZIBs.In view of the above,this review will introduce a series of modification methods including morphology design,defect engineering,ingenious combination with conductive materials,and modification of electrolyte and zinc anode according to the intrinsic disadvantage of vanadium oxides and summarize the research progress of various modification methods including zinc storage performance and mechanism.Finally,several reasonable prospects will be proposed to appease the needs of basic research and practical applications according to the current status.展开更多
In recent years,rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries(ZIBs),as emerging energy storage devices,stand out from numerous metal ion batteries.Due to the advantages of low cost,environmentally friendly characteristic an...In recent years,rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries(ZIBs),as emerging energy storage devices,stand out from numerous metal ion batteries.Due to the advantages of low cost,environmentally friendly characteristic and safety,ZIBs can be considered as alternatives to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Vanadiumbased compounds with various structures and large layer spacings are considered as suitable cathode candidates for ZIBs.In this review,the recent research advances of vanadium-based electrode materials are systematically summarized.The electrode design strategy,electrochemical performances and energy storage mechanisms are emphasized.Finally,we point out the limitation of vanadium-based materials at present and the future prospect.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have got wide attention with the increasing demands for energy resource recently.It has a number of merits compared with lithium-ion batteries,such as enhanced safety,low cost and envir...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have got wide attention with the increasing demands for energy resource recently.It has a number of merits compared with lithium-ion batteries,such as enhanced safety,low cost and environmental friendliness.Vanadium-based materials have been developed to serve as the cathodes of ZIBs for many years.But there are also some challenges to construct high performance ZIBs in the future.Herein,we reviewed the research progress of vanadium-based cathodes and discussed the energy storage mechanisms in ZIBs.In addition,we summarized the major challenges faced by vanadium-based cathodes and the corresponding ways to improve electrochemical performance of ZIBs.Finally,some excellent vanadium-based cathodes are summarized to pave the way for future research in ZIBs.展开更多
Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs) have gained great attention as promising next-generation power sources, because of their low cost, enviable safety and high theoretical capacity. Recently, massive researches have been devoted t...Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs) have gained great attention as promising next-generation power sources, because of their low cost, enviable safety and high theoretical capacity. Recently, massive researches have been devoted to vanadium-based materials as cathodes in ZIBs, owing to their multiple valence states, competitive gravimetric energy density, but the capacity degradation, sluggish kinetics, low operating voltage hinder further optimization of their performance in ZIBs. This review summarizes recent progress to increase the interlayer spacing, structural stability, and the diffusion ability of the vip Zn ions, including the insertion of different ions, introduction of defects, design of diverse morphologies, the combination of other materials. We also focus on approaches to promoting the valuable performance of vanadiumbased cathodes, along with the related ongoing scientific challenges and limitations. Finally, the future perspectives and research directions of vanadium-based aqueous ZIBs are provided.展开更多
Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)have been regarded as one of the alternatives to lithium ion batteries owing to their wide availability and significantly low cost of sodium sources.However,they face serious challenges of lo...Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)have been regarded as one of the alternatives to lithium ion batteries owing to their wide availability and significantly low cost of sodium sources.However,they face serious challenges of low energy&power density and short cycling lifespan owing to the heavy mass and large radius of Na^(+).Vanadium-based polyanionic compounds have advantageous characteristic of high operating voltage,high ionic conductivity and robust structural framework,which is conducive to their high energy&power density and long lifespan for SIBs.In this review,we will overview the latest V-based polyanionic compounds,along with the respective characteristic from the intrinsic crystal structure to performance presentation and improvement for SIBs.One of the most important aspect is to discover the essential problems existed in the present V-based polyanionic compounds for high-energy&power applications,and point out most suitable solutions from the crystal structure modulation,interface tailoring and electrode configuration design.Moreover,some scientific issues of V-based polyanionic compounds shall be also proposed and related future direction shall be provided.We believe that this review can serve as a motivation for further development of novel V-based polyanionic compounds and drive them toward high energy&power applications in the near future.展开更多
基金support from Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC2203068)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21902116)2024 Fundamental Research Funding of the Educational Department of Liaoning Province.Y.L.acknowledges the Program of China Scholarships Council(No.202206250016).
文摘Direct propane dehydrogenation(DPDH)represents a highly attractive route for on-purpose propylene production,a key building block in the petrochemical industry.In particular,among various catalytic platforms,vanadium-based catalysts have emerged as promising candidates due to their tunable properties including redox ability,surface acidity,and resistance to coking.Although the catalytic community has obtained great achievement in this area,how to promote vanadium-based catalysts towards the next step in DPDH applications like industrial-level implementations is still challenging.Moreover,there are still several controversial theories in our community,meaning it is necessary to clarify these indistinct points to pave the way for the next generation of research.Herein,the pivotal modification strategies of vanadium-based catalysts have been summarized via introducing representative works.In addition,the current unclear mechanism and research gaps,especially in the issues of deactivation and selectivity control,are also revealed so that the potential research directions are well-founded proposed.By integrating fundamental understanding and practical considerations,this review aims to inspire the further development of vanadium-based DPDH catalysts for in-depth academic research and next-generation industrial deployment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51962002)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2022GXNSFAA035463)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB2404402)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries have attracted wide attention for their high theoretical energy density,low cost,and environmental friendliness.However,the shuttle effect of polysulfides and the insulation of active materials severely restrict the development of Li-S batteries.Constructing conductive sulfur scaffolds with catalytic conversion capability for cathodes is an efficient approach to solving above issues.Vanadium-based compounds and their heterostructures have recently emerged as functional sulfur catalysts supported on conductive scaffolds.These compounds interact with polysulfides via different mechanisms to alleviate the shuttle effect and accelerate the redox kinetics,leading to higher Coulombic efficiency and enhanced sulfur utilization.Reports on vanadium-based nanomaterials in Li-S batteries have been steadily increasing over the past several years.In this review,first,we provide an overview of the synthesis of vanadium-based compounds and heterostructures.Then,we discuss the interactions and constitutive relationships between vanadium-based catalysts and polysulfides formed at sulfur cathodes.We summarize the mechanisms that contribute to the enhancement of electrochemical performance for various types of vanadium-based catalysts,thus providing insights for the rational design of sulfur catalysts.Finally,we offer a perspective on the future directions for the research and development of vanadium-based sulfur catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(22105059,22179078,22479115)the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Cooperation Special Project(B2024204027)+5 种基金the Youth Top-notch Talent Foundation of Hebei Provincial Universities(BJK2022023)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2023204006)the talent training project of Hebei province(No.B20231004)the Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in ShanghaiZhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY24E020002)Wenzhou basic scientific research project(G20240022)。
文摘Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation large-scale energy storage systems due to the abundance of sodium resources,low solvation energy,and cost-effectiveness.Among the available cathode materials,vanadium-based sodium phosphate cathodes are particularly notable for their high operating voltage,excellent thermal stability,and superior cycling performance.However,these materials face significant challenges,including sluggish reaction kinetics,the toxicity of vanadium,and poor electronic conductivity.To overcome these limitations and enhance electrochemical performance,various strategies have been explored.These include morphology regulation via diverse synthesis routes and electronic structure optimization through metal doping,which effectively improve the diffusion of Na+and electrons in vanadium-based phosphate cathodes.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges associated with V-based polyanion cathodes and examines the role of morphology and electronic structure design in enhancing performance.Key vanadium-based phosphate frameworks,such as orthophosphates(Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)),pyrophosphates(NaVP_(2)O_(7),Na_(2)(VO)P_(2)O_(7),Na_(7)V_(3)(P_(2)O_(7))_(4)),and mixed phosphates(Na_(7)V_(4)(P_(2)O_(7))_(4)PO_(4)),are discussed in detail,highlighting recent advances and insights into their structure-property relationships.The design of cathode material morphology offers an effective approach to optimizing material structures,compositions,porosity,and ion/electron diffusion pathways.Simultaneously,electronic structure tuning through element doping allows for the regulation of band structures,electron distribution,diffusion barriers,and the intrinsic conductivity of phosphate compounds.Addressing the challenges associated with vanadium-based sodium phosphate cathode materials,this study proposes feasible solutions and outlines future research directions toward advancement of high-performance vanadium-based polyanion cathodes.
基金supported by the Natural Science Research Project of the Education Department of Guizhou Province(No.QJJ[2022]001)。
文摘Cathode materials with excellent performance are a key to exploiting aqueous zinc ion batteries.In this study,we developed a cathode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries using an in situ anion–cation pre-intercalation strategy with a metal–organic framework.In situ doping of S and Zn in a vanadium-based metal–organic framework structure forms a Zn–S pre-intercalated vanadium oxide((Zn,S)VO)composite.The combination of the additional Zn^(2+)storage sites with pseudocapacitive behavior on the amorphous surface of the enriched oxygen defects and the enhancement of the structural toughness by strong ionic bonding together the unique nanostructure of the nanochains by the process of‘‘oriented attachment’’led to the preparation of the high-performance(Zn,S)VO composite.The results show that the(Zn,S)VO electrode has a capacity of 602.40 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1),an initial discharge capacity of 300.60 mAh·g^(-1)at 10.0 A·g^(-1),and a capacity retention rate of 99.93%after 3,500 cycles.Using the gel electrolyte,the capacity of(Zn,S)VO electrode is 233.15 and 650.93 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.2 A·g^(-1)in-20 and 60°C environments,respectively.Meanwhile,the(Zn,S)VO flexible batteries perform well in harsh environments.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1503400)。
文摘Aiming at the problems of insufficient activity and selectivity of Cu-based catalysts in CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,Al_(2)O_(3),ZrO_(2)and CeO_(2)modified Cu-ZnO catalysts by the co-precipitation method were prepared,and the influence mechanism of additives on the structure-performance relationship of the catalysts was systematically explored.Through a variety of characterization methods such as XRD,N2 physical adsorption-desorption,TEM,H_(2)-TPR,CO_(2)-TPD and XPS,combined with catalytic performance evaluation experiments,the correlation between the microstructure of catalysts and the reaction performance of CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol was analyzed in depth.The results show that metal additives significantly improve the performance of catalysts.After the introduction of additives,the specific surface area and pore volume of the catalysts increase,the grain size of Cu decreases,and its dispersion improves.The Ce-modified CZC catalyst exhibited the best performance,with the grain size of CuO as small as 11.41 nm,and the surface oxygen vacancy concentration(OⅡ/OⅠ=3.15)was significantly higher than that of other samples.The reaction performance test shows that under the conditions of 2.8 MPa,8000 h−1 and 280℃,the CO_(2)conversion of the CZC catalyst reached 18.83%,the methanol selectivity was 68.40%,and the methanol yield was 12.88%,all of which are superior to other catalysts.Its excellent performance can be attributed to the fact that CeO_(2)enhances the metal-support interaction,increases the surface basicity,promotes the adsorption and activation of CO_(2),and simultaneously inhibits the reverse water-gas shift side reaction.This study clarifies the structure-activity regulation mechanism of additive modification on Cu-ZnO catalysts,providing a theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of efficient catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol.
基金Supported by Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(2024RS-CXTD-53,2024ZC-KJXX-096)the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province(2022QCY-LL-69)Xi’an Science and Technology Project(24GXFW0089)。
文摘Under the backdrop of“Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality”(dual carbon)goal in China,the methane-carbon dioxide reforming reaction has attracted considerable attention due to its environmental benefits of converting two greenhouse gases(methane and carbon dioxide)into syngas and its promising industrial applications.Nickel(Ni)-based catalysts,with high catalytic activity,low cost,and abundant resources,are considered ideal candidates for industrial applications.In this article,three reaction kinetic models were briefly introduced,namely the Power-Law(PL)model,the Eley-Rideal(ER)model,and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson(LHHW)model.Based on the LHHW model,the reaction kinetics and mechanisms of different catalytic systems were systematically discussed,including the properties of supports,the doping of noble metals and transition metals,the role of promoters,and the influence of the geometric and electronic structures of Ni on the reaction mechanism.Furthermore,the kinetics of carbon deposition and elimination on various catalysts were analyzed.Based on the reaction rate expressions for carbon elimination,the reasons for the high activity of transition metal iron(Fe)-doped catalysts and core-shell structured catalysts in carbon elimination were explained.Based on the detailed collation and comparative analysis of the reaction mechanisms and kinetic characteristics across diverse Ni-based catalytic systems,a theoretical guidance for the designing of high-performance catalysts was provided in this work.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52273056)the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province,China(No.YDZJ202501ZYTS305)。
文摘Electrochemical water splitting represents a sustainable technology for hydrogen(H_(2))production.However,its large-scale implementation is hindered by the high overpotentials required for both the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Transition metal-based catalysts have garnered significant research interest as promising alternatives to noble-metal catalysts,owing to their low cost,tunable composition,and noble-metal-like catalytic activity.Nevertheless,systematic reviews on their application as bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting(OWS)are still limited.This review comprehensively outlines the principal categories of bifunctional transition metal electrocatalysts derived from electrospun nanofibers(NFs),including metals,oxides,phosphides,sulfides,and carbides.Key strategies for enhancing their catalytic performance are systematically summarized,such as heterointerface engineering,heteroatom doping,metal-nonmetal-metal bridging architectures,and single-atom site design.Finally,current challenges and future research directions are discussed,aiming to provide insightful perspectives for the rational design of high-performance electrocatalysts for OWS.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY21E060007),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52006191).
文摘Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)have attracted widespread concern due to their high toxicity,and their difficult manipulation in laboratories has made the research process tough.Thus,in our work,furan is selected as the model compound owing to the same structure of a central oxygenate ring.Although catalytic oxidation is regarded as an effective and applicable method for the abatement of PCDD/Fs,the synthesis of low-temperature catalysts is still a challenging problem in practical applications.Considering this situation,we prepared a novel V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)catalyst modified with N-doped hierarchical porous carbon(NHPC)via a wet impregnation method.The V/T-1%NHPC catalyst could achieve expectant low-temperature performances with 50%furan conversion at 150℃and a complete conversion at 200℃,which decreased 23℃and 40℃compared to the V/T catalyst respectively.Moreover,the addition of NHPC presented lifting chemical stability during long-time test.The addition of NHPC in V/T catalysts decreased the formation of crystalline V_(2)O_(5) and increased the percentages of V^(5+)and O_(lat),which improved the utilization of vanadium ions and the catalytic activity.Simultaneously,the higher binding energy shift of O_(lat) implied more reaction possibility with other oxidise reactants.Importantly,this work proved the lifting catalytic activity by the interaction between catalysts and NHPC,and proposed the promoting effects of the N element.The results showed that the content of the pyridinic N and graphitic N in NHPC changed after combining with V/T catalyst,which played crucial roles in the excellent catalytic performance.Overall,this work provides comprehensive research of the V/T-1%NHPC catalyst toward furan oxidation at low temperature and explain the effects of N-doped biomass carbon in catalytic activity clearly,which gave a new thought to design low-temperature catalysts in PCDD/Fs degradation.Besides,the internal functional mechanisms of N species are worth further exploration in future studies.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4104500,2023YFB4104502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22138013)the Taishan Scholar Project(ts201712020).
文摘Against the backdrop of escalating global climate change and energy crises,the resource utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),a major greenhouse gas,has become a crucial pathway for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.The hydrogenation of CO_(2)to methanol not only enables carbon sequestration and recycling,but also provides a route to produce high value-added fuels and basic chemical feedstocks,holding significant environmental and economic potential.However,this conversion process is thermodynamically and kinetically limited,and traditional catalyst systems(e.g.,Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3))exhibit inadequate activity,selectivity,and stability under mild conditions.Therefore,the development of novel high-performance catalysts with precisely tunable structures and functionalities is imperative.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),as crystalline porous materials with high surface area,tunable pore structures,and diverse metal-ligand compositions,have the great potential in CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysis.Their structural design flexibility allows for the construction of well-dispersed active sites,tailored electronic environments,and enhanced metal-support interactions.This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in MOF-based and MOF-derived catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,focusing on four design strategies:(1)spatial confinement and in situ construction,(2)defect engineering and ion-exchange,(3)bimetallic synergy and hybrid structure design,and(4)MOF-derived nanomaterial synthesis.These approaches significantly improve CO_(2)conversion and methanol selectivity by optimizing metal dispersion,interfacial structures,and reaction pathways.The reaction mechanism is further explored by focusing on the three main reaction pathways:the formate pathway(HCOO*),the RWGS(Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction)+CO*hydrogenation pathway,and the trans-COOH pathway.In situ spectroscopic studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate the formation and transformation of key intermediates,as well as the roles of active sites,metal-support interfaces,oxygen vacancies,and promoters.Additionally,representative catalytic performance data for MOFbased systems are compiled and compared,demonstrating their advantages over traditional catalysts in terms of CO_(2)conversion,methanol selectivity,and space-time yield.Future perspectives for MOF-based CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysts will prioritize two main directions:structural design and mechanistic understanding.The precise construction of active sites through multi-metallic synergy,defect engineering,and interfacial electronic modulation should be made to enhance catalyst selectivity and stability.In addition,advanced in situ characterization techniques combined with theoretical modeling are essential to unravel the detailed reaction mechanisms and intermediate behaviors,thereby guiding rational catalyst design.Moreover,to enable industrial application,challenges related to thermal/hydrothermal stability,catalyst recyclability,and cost-effective large-scale synthesis must be addressed.The development of green,scalable preparation methods and the integration of MOF catalysts into practical reaction systems(e.g.,flow reactors)will be crucial for bridging the gap between laboratory research and commercial deployment.Ultimately,multi-scale structure-performance optimization and catalytic system integration will be vital for accelerating the industrialization of MOF-based CO_(2)-to-methanol technologies.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchange special project of Cooperation of Shanxi Province(202404041101014)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202403021212333)+3 种基金the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20555)the Lvliang Key R&D of University-Local Cooperation(2023XDHZ10)the Initiation Fund for Doctoral Research of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology(20242026)the Outstanding Doctor Funding Award of Shanxi Province(20242080).
文摘To elucidate the effect of calcite-regulated activated carbon(AC)structure on low-temperature denitrification performance of SCR catalysts,this work prepared a series of Mn-Ce/De-AC-xCaCO_(3)(x is the calcite content in coal)catalysts were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method,followed by acid washing to remove calcium-containing minerals.Comprehensive characterization and low-temperature denitrification tests revealed that calcite-induced structural modulation of coal-derived AC significantly enhances catalytic activity.Specifically,NO conversion increased from 88.3%of Mn-Ce/De-AC to 91.7%of Mn-Ce/De-AC-1CaCO_(3)(210℃).The improved SCR denitrification activity results from the enhancement of physicochemical properties including higher Mn^(4+)content and Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)ratio,an abundance of chemisorbed oxygen and acidic sites,which could strengthen the SCR reaction pathways(richer NH_(3)activated species and bidentate nitrate active species).Therefore,NO removal is enhanced.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22401274,U23B6011)the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department Program(No.20250102070JC)。
文摘Catalysts are key for olefin polymerization reactions and are also ubiquitous in catalysis science.Multinuclear metal catalysts have witnessed enhanced performances in catalytic reactions relative to mononuclear catalysts,but which substantially involve multi-step,tedious,and difficult synthesis.Herein,this study reports an intriguing approach to construct multi-nuclear catalysts for the milestoneα-diimine nickel catalysts using an oligomeric strategy.A polymerizable norbornene unit is incorporated into theα-diimine ligand backbone,leading to the formation of the monomeric nickel catalyst Ni_(1)and its corresponding oligomeric nickel catalysts(Ni_(3)and Ni_(5))with varying degrees of polymerization(DP=3 and 5).Notably,the oligomeric catalyst Ni_(5)was facilely scaled up(50 g-level),showed enhanced thermal stability,exhibited 4.6 times higher activity,and yielded polyethylene elastomer with a 379%increased molecular weight in ethylene polymerization,compared to the monomeric catalyst Ni_(1).Catalytic performance enhancements of oligomeric catalysts were found to be DP-dependent.The kilogram-scale polyethylene,produced using Ni_(5)in a 20 L reactor,presented a highly branched all-hydrocarbon structure,which demonstrated typical elastic properties(tensile strength:4 MPa,elastic recovery:SR=72%)along with great processability(MFI=3.0 g/10 min),insulating characteristics(volume resistivity=2×10^(16)Ω/m),and hydrophobicity(water vapor permeability:0.03 g/m^(2)/day),suggesting potentially practical applications.
基金funded by the Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52121004)the Research Development Fund(No.RDF-21-02-060)by Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University+1 种基金support received from the Suzhou Industrial Park High Quality Innovation Platform of Functional Molecular Materials and Devices(YZCXPT2023105)the XJTLU Advanced Materials Research Center(AMRC).
文摘Seawater zinc-air batteries are promising energy storage devices due to their high energy density and utilization of seawater electrolytes.However,their efficiency is hindered by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and chlorideinduced degradation over conventional catalysts.In this study,we proposed a universal synthetic strategy to construct heteroatom axially coordinated Fe–N_(4) single-atom seawater catalyst materials(Cl–Fe–N_(4) and S–Fe–N_(4)).X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirmed their five-coordinated square pyramidal structure.Systematic evaluation of catalytic activities revealed that compared with S–Fe–N_(4),Cl–Fe–N_(4) exhibits smaller electrochemical active surface area and specific surface area,yet demonstrates higher limiting current density(5.8 mA cm^(−2)).The assembled zinc-air batteries using Cl–Fe–N_(4) showed superior power density(187.7 mW cm^(−2) at 245.1 mA cm^(−2)),indicating that Cl axial coordination more effectively enhances the intrinsic ORR activity.Moreover,Cl–Fe–N_(4) demonstrates stronger Cl−poisoning resistance in seawater environments.Chronoamperometry tests and zinc-air battery cycling performance evaluations confirmed its enhanced stability.Density functional theory calculations revealed that the introduction of heteroatoms in the axial direction regulates the electron center of Fe single atom,leading to more active reaction intermediates and increased electron density of Fe single sites,thereby enhancing the reduction in adsorbed intermediates and hence the overall ORR catalytic activity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52064035)the Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Province,China(No.25YFGA024)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(No.LGG22E020003).
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries boast a theoretical energy density as high as 2600 Wh·kg^(−1),positioning them as a highly attractive option for future advanced energy storage systems.Challenges such as slow transformation kinetics and shuttle effects associated with lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)have seriously hindered their practical applications.In this paper,we present a new method for the synthesis of hollow carbon-sphere-supported Co monatomic catalysts(Co-N-C).This new synthesis method achieves pyrolytic coordination using a precursor rich in imide(-RC=N-)polymers.This synthesis method not only improves the adsorbability and catalytic activity of LiPS but also significantly weakens the shuttle effect and generates Co-N-C with superior conductivity,abundant hollow structures,and a high specific surface area,thus efficiently capturing and restricting the movement of LiPS intermediates.The dispersed Co monoatomic catalysts(Co SACs)were anchored to a highly conductive nitrogen-doped carbon framework and exhibited symmetric N-coordination active sites(Co-N_(4))to ensure fast redox kinetics of LiPS and Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S solid-state products.The lithium-sulfur battery with Co-N-C as the sulfur carrier showed excellent discharging capacity of 1146.6 mAh·g^(−1) at a discharge rate of 0.5 C and maintained excellent performance at a high discharge rate of 2 C.The capacity decay rate in 500 cycles was only 0.086%per cycle,reflecting excellent long-term cycle stability.This study highlights the key role of the synergistic effect between single-atom cobalt catalysts and hollow carbon spheres in enhancing the efficiency of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.It also provides valuable insights into the construction and fabrication of highly active monatomic catalysts.The catalytic conversion efficiency of lithium polysulfides is significantly enhanced when embedded in hollow carbon architectures,which serves as a critical strategy for optimizing the electrochemical behavior of next-generation Li-S batteries.
基金supported by the Australian Research Council(ARC)Projects(DP220101139,DP220101142,and LP240100542).
文摘High‐entropy amorphous catalysts(HEACs)integrate multielement synergy with structural disorder,making them promising candidates for water splitting.Their distinctive features—including flexible coordination environments,tunable electronic structures,abundant unsaturated active sites,and dynamic structural reassembly—collectively enhance electrochemical activity and durability under operating conditions.This review summarizes recent advances in HEACs for hydrogen evolution,oxygen evolution,and overall water splitting,highlighting their disorder-driven advantages over crystalline counterparts.Catalytic performance benchmarks are presented,and mechanistic insights are discussed,focusing on how multimetallic synergy,amorphization effect,and in‐situ reconstruction cooperatively regulate reaction pathways.These insights provide guidance for the rational design of next‐generation amorphous high‐entropy electrocatalysts with improved efficiency and durability.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12305372 and 22376217)the National Key Research&Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1603802 and 2022YFB3504100)+1 种基金the projects of the key laboratory of advanced energy materials chemistry,ministry of education(Nankai University)key laboratory of Jiangxi Province for persistent pollutants prevention control and resource reuse(2023SSY02061)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Using photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to produce valuable fuels is a fascinating way to alleviate environmental issues and energy crises.Bismuth-based(Bi-based)catalysts have attracted widespread attention for CO_(2)RR due to their high catalytic activity,selectivity,excellent stability,and low cost.However,they still need to be further improved to meet the needs of industrial applications.This review article comprehensively summarizes the recent advances in regulation strategies of Bi-based catalysts and can be divided into six categories:(1)defect engineering,(2)atomic doping engineering,(3)organic framework engineering,(4)inorganic heterojunction engineering,(5)crystal face engineering,and(6)alloying and polarization engineering.Meanwhile,the corresponding catalytic mechanisms of each regulation strategy will also be discussed in detail,aiming to enable researchers to understand the structure-property relationship of the improved Bibased catalysts fundamentally.Finally,the challenges and future opportunities of the Bi-based catalysts in the photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR application field will also be featured from the perspectives of the(1)combination or synergy of multiple regulatory strategies,(2)revealing formation mechanism and realizing controllable synthesis,and(3)in situ multiscale investigation of activation pathways and uncovering the catalytic mechanisms.On the one hand,through the comparative analysis and mechanism explanation of the six major regulatory strategies,a multidimensional knowledge framework of the structure-activity relationship of Bi-based catalysts can be constructed for researchers,which not only deepens the atomic-level understanding of catalytic active sites,charge transport paths,and the adsorption behavior of intermediate products,but also provides theoretical guiding principles for the controllable design of new catalysts;on the other hand,the promising collaborative regulation strategies,controllable synthetic paths,and the in situ multiscale characterization techniques presented in this work provides a paradigm reference for shortening the research and development cycle of high-performance catalysts,conducive to facilitating the transition of photoelectrocatalytic CO_(2)RR technology from the laboratory routes to industrial application.
基金financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.51562006)Guangxi Distinguished Experts Special Fund(No.2019B06)the Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(No.SC2200000985)。
文摘Research on energy storage technology is a vital part of realizing the dual-carbon strategy at this stage.Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are favorable competitors in various energy storage devices due to their high energy density,reassuring intrinsic safety,and unique cost advantages.The design of cathode materials is crucial for the large-scale development and application of AZIBs.Vanadium-based oxides with high theoretical capacity,diverse valence states,as well as high electrochemical activity,have been widely used as cathode materials for AZIBs.Unfortunately,there are some obstacles,including low electronic conductivity and sluggish kinetics,hindering their further application in AZIBs.In view of the above,this review will introduce a series of modification methods including morphology design,defect engineering,ingenious combination with conductive materials,and modification of electrolyte and zinc anode according to the intrinsic disadvantage of vanadium oxides and summarize the research progress of various modification methods including zinc storage performance and mechanism.Finally,several reasonable prospects will be proposed to appease the needs of basic research and practical applications according to the current status.
基金supported by the Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(No.2019WNLOKF017)Education Department Funding of Liaoning province(LJGD2019001)Funding of Science and Technology Bureau,Shenyang City(No.RC190138)。
文摘In recent years,rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries(ZIBs),as emerging energy storage devices,stand out from numerous metal ion batteries.Due to the advantages of low cost,environmentally friendly characteristic and safety,ZIBs can be considered as alternatives to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Vanadiumbased compounds with various structures and large layer spacings are considered as suitable cathode candidates for ZIBs.In this review,the recent research advances of vanadium-based electrode materials are systematically summarized.The electrode design strategy,electrochemical performances and energy storage mechanisms are emphasized.Finally,we point out the limitation of vanadium-based materials at present and the future prospect.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin-Science and the Technology Correspondent Project(19YFSLQY00070)the State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites(oic-201901004)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21676070)Hebei University of Science and Technology(20544401D,20314401D)。
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have got wide attention with the increasing demands for energy resource recently.It has a number of merits compared with lithium-ion batteries,such as enhanced safety,low cost and environmental friendliness.Vanadium-based materials have been developed to serve as the cathodes of ZIBs for many years.But there are also some challenges to construct high performance ZIBs in the future.Herein,we reviewed the research progress of vanadium-based cathodes and discussed the energy storage mechanisms in ZIBs.In addition,we summarized the major challenges faced by vanadium-based cathodes and the corresponding ways to improve electrochemical performance of ZIBs.Finally,some excellent vanadium-based cathodes are summarized to pave the way for future research in ZIBs.
基金financially supported by the State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials (No. 2020-Z14)the Startup Funds from the Henan University of Science and Technology (Nos. 13480095 and 13480096)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52002119)。
文摘Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs) have gained great attention as promising next-generation power sources, because of their low cost, enviable safety and high theoretical capacity. Recently, massive researches have been devoted to vanadium-based materials as cathodes in ZIBs, owing to their multiple valence states, competitive gravimetric energy density, but the capacity degradation, sluggish kinetics, low operating voltage hinder further optimization of their performance in ZIBs. This review summarizes recent progress to increase the interlayer spacing, structural stability, and the diffusion ability of the vip Zn ions, including the insertion of different ions, introduction of defects, design of diverse morphologies, the combination of other materials. We also focus on approaches to promoting the valuable performance of vanadiumbased cathodes, along with the related ongoing scientific challenges and limitations. Finally, the future perspectives and research directions of vanadium-based aqueous ZIBs are provided.
基金financial support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA21070500)the DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(DNL201914)。
文摘Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)have been regarded as one of the alternatives to lithium ion batteries owing to their wide availability and significantly low cost of sodium sources.However,they face serious challenges of low energy&power density and short cycling lifespan owing to the heavy mass and large radius of Na^(+).Vanadium-based polyanionic compounds have advantageous characteristic of high operating voltage,high ionic conductivity and robust structural framework,which is conducive to their high energy&power density and long lifespan for SIBs.In this review,we will overview the latest V-based polyanionic compounds,along with the respective characteristic from the intrinsic crystal structure to performance presentation and improvement for SIBs.One of the most important aspect is to discover the essential problems existed in the present V-based polyanionic compounds for high-energy&power applications,and point out most suitable solutions from the crystal structure modulation,interface tailoring and electrode configuration design.Moreover,some scientific issues of V-based polyanionic compounds shall be also proposed and related future direction shall be provided.We believe that this review can serve as a motivation for further development of novel V-based polyanionic compounds and drive them toward high energy&power applications in the near future.
