Farmland ecosystems are the primary ecosystem type in inland river basins,providing the biological and material basis for human development and survival.The foundation for monetizing the value of agricultural ecologic...Farmland ecosystems are the primary ecosystem type in inland river basins,providing the biological and material basis for human development and survival.The foundation for monetizing the value of agricultural ecological products and transforming green mountains into gold mountains is the precise assessment of ecosystem products in specific geographic units(VEP)within farmland ecosystems,which elucidates regional agricultural resource endowments and spatial distribution.However,agricultural ecological products face challenges in valuation,trading,and monetization,and research on pathways for their value transformation remains limited.This study uses Zhangye City in inland river basins as an example to construct a catalog of farmland ecosystem ecological products and explores VEP accounting methods based on multi-source data,including statistical,remote sensing,and monitoring data,at the city and county scales,and analyzes differentiated value transformation pathways according to the attributes of various agricultural ecological products.The results show that material supply value ranks highest among the VEP of farmland ecosystems in inland river basins,followed by regulatory services,while recreational agriculture value ranks lowest.The ranking of VEP varies from the ranking of farmland ecosystem area,with available agricultural water being a major constraint on the VEP of farmland ecosystems in inland river basins.Regional climate,geographic position,and transportation are linked to the value of agricultural ecosystem products within material supply products.Precipitation,soil structure,and cropping patterns are linked to the value of agricultural ecosystem products within regulatory services.The local cultural resources and tourism infrastructure are linked to the value of agricultural ecosystem products within cultural services.Regarding the pathways for achieving the value of agricultural ecological products,market-oriented strategies dominate the mainstay of material supply products,government-led mechanisms are pivotal for regulatory service products,and a combination of government and market strategies is essential for cultural service products.展开更多
The rapid population and land urbanization not only promoted economic development but also affected the ecosystem service value(ESV).In the context of new-type urbanization and green development,it’s essential to inv...The rapid population and land urbanization not only promoted economic development but also affected the ecosystem service value(ESV).In the context of new-type urbanization and green development,it’s essential to investigate the impacts of urbanization on ESV in China.However,a comprehensive and dynamic framework to reveal the relationship between ESV and urbanization processes is lacking.This study adopted multi-source datasets to portray China’s urbanization process by integrating population,land,and economic urbanization,eval-uated the ESV changes of 10 categories by gross ecosystem product(GEP)methods,and explored ESV changes within different urbanization scales and speeds.The results showed rapid urbanization in the population,land,and economic dimensions in China,with a faster process of economic urbanization.The ESV also exhibited an increasing trend,with higher levels in the southeastern coastal regions and lower levels in the northwestern regions.Urbanization had positive impacts on ESV across various research units,but the ESV exhibited heteroge-neous changes across different urbanization scales,speeds,and their interactive effects.The response of ESV to dynamic urbanization processes was influenced by socio-economic,ecological,and policy factors;it is essential to combine targeted measures with general ecological product value realization methods in each unit to maximize social-economic-ecological benefits.展开更多
The scientific assessment of ecosystem ser-vice value(ESV)plays a critical role in regional ecologi-cal protection and management,rational land use planning,and the establishment of ecological security barriers.The ec...The scientific assessment of ecosystem ser-vice value(ESV)plays a critical role in regional ecologi-cal protection and management,rational land use planning,and the establishment of ecological security barriers.The ecosystem service value of the Northeast Forest Belt from 2005 to 2020 was assessed,focusing on spatial–temporal changes and the driving forces behind these dynamics.Using multi-source data,the equivalent factor method,and geo-graphic detectors,we analyzed natural and socio-economic factors affecting the region.which was crucial for effective ecological conservation and land-use planning.Enhanced the effectiveness of policy formulation and land use plan-ning.The results show that the ESV of the Northeast Forest Belt exhibits an overall increasing trend from 2005 to 2020,with forests and wetlands contributing the most.However,there are significant differences between forest belts.Driven by natural and socio-economic factors,the ESV of forest belts in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces showed significant growth.In contrast,the ESV of Forest Belts in Liaoning and Inner Mongolia of China remains relatively stable,but the spatial differentiation within these regions is characterized by significant clustering of high-value and low-value areas.Furthermore,climate regulation and hydrological regulation services were identified as the most important ecological functions in the Northeast Forest Belt,contributing greatly to regional ecological stability and human well-being.The ESV in the Northeast Forest Belt is improved during the study period,but the stability of the ecosystem is still chal-lenged by the dual impacts of natural and socio-economic factors.To further optimize regional land use planning and ecological protection policies,it is recommended to prior-itize the conservation of high-ESV areas,enhance ecological restoration efforts for wetlands and forests,and reasonably control the spatial layout of urban expansion and agricul-tural development.Additionally,this study highlights the importance of tailored ecological compensation policies and strategic land-use planning to balance environmental protec-tion and economic growth.展开更多
Human well-being and livelihoods depend on natural ecosystem services(ESs).Following the increment of population,ESs have been deteriorated over time.Ultimately,land use/land cover(LULC)changes have a profound impact ...Human well-being and livelihoods depend on natural ecosystem services(ESs).Following the increment of population,ESs have been deteriorated over time.Ultimately,land use/land cover(LULC)changes have a profound impact on the change of ecosystem.The primary goal of this study is to determine the impacts of LULC changes on ecosystem service values(ESVs)in the upper Gilgel Abbay watershed,Ethiopia.Changes in LULC types were studied using three Landsat images representing 1986,2003,and 2021.The Landsat images were classified using a supervised image classification technique in Earth Resources Data Analysis System(ERDAS)Imagine 2014.We classified ESs in this study into four categories(including provisioning,regulating,supporting,and cultural services)based on global ES classification scheme.The adjusted ESV coefficient benefit approach was employed to measure the impacts of LULC changes on ESVs.Five LULC types were identified in this study,including cultivated land,forest,shrubland,grassland,and water body.The result revealed that the area of cultivated land accounted for 64.50%,71.50%,and 61.50%of the total area in 1986,2003,and 2021,respectively.The percentage of the total area covered by forest was 9.50%,5.90%,and 14.80%in 1986,2003,and 2021,respectively.Result revealed that the total ESV decreased from 7.42×10^(7) to 6.44×10^(7) USD between 1986 and 2003.This is due to the expansion of cultivated land at the expense of forest and shrubland.However,the total ESV increased from 6.44×10^(7) to 7.76×10^(7) USD during 2003-2021,because of the increment of forest and shrubland.The expansion of cultivated land and the reductions of forest and shrubland reduced most individual ESs during 1986-2003.Nevertheless,the increase in forest and shrubland at the expense of cultivated land enhanced many ESs during 2003-2021.Therefore,the findings suggest that appropriate land use practices should be scaled-up to sustainably maintain ESs.展开更多
A park hydrogen-doped integrated energy system(PHIES)can maximize energy utilization as a system with multiple supplies.To realize win-win cooperation between the PHIES and active distribution network(ADN),the coopera...A park hydrogen-doped integrated energy system(PHIES)can maximize energy utilization as a system with multiple supplies.To realize win-win cooperation between the PHIES and active distribution network(ADN),the cooperative operation problem of multi-PHIES connected to the same ADN is studied.A low-carbon hybrid game coordination strategy for multi-PHIES accessing ADN based on dynamic carbon base price is proposed in the paper.Firstly,multi-PHIES are constructed to form a PHIES alliance,including a hydrogen-doped gas turbine(HGT),hydrogen-doped gas boiler(HGB),power to gas and carbon capture system(P2G-CCS),and other equipment.Secondly,a hybrid game system model of the ADN and PHIES alliance is constructed,in which the ADN and PHIES alliance constitute a master-slave game,and the members of the PHIES alliance constitute a cooperative game.An improved Shapley value is proposed to deal with the problem of cost share among members in the alliance.Thirdly,an improved stepped carbon trading based on dynamic carbon baseline price is proposed.Thecarbon emissions at each moment and the total carbon emissions in a cycle are set as the dynamic adjustment factors of the carbon baseline price.The pricing mechanism of carbon baseline price increases with carbon emissions is constructed so that carbon emissions decrease.Finally,the quadratic interpolation optimization(QIO)algorithm is combined with Gurobi to solve the model.The results of the example analysis show that the cost of ADN is reduced by 4.47%,the cost of PHIES 1 is reduced by 3.67%,the cost of PHIES 2 is reduced by 0.97%,and the cost of PHIES 3 is reduced by 4.91%respectively.The total carbon emissions of the PHIES alliance are reduced by 7.08%.The low-carbon and economical operation of the multi-PHIES accessing ADN is achieved.展开更多
Background:Muscular strength is a powerful marker of current health status and robust predictor of age-related disease and disability.Handgrip strength(HGS)using isometric dynamometry is a convenient,feasible,and wide...Background:Muscular strength is a powerful marker of current health status and robust predictor of age-related disease and disability.Handgrip strength(HGS)using isometric dynamometry is a convenient,feasible,and widely used method of assessing muscular strength among people of all ages.While adult HGS norms have been published for many countries,no study has yet synthesized available data to produce international norms.The objective of this study was to generate international sex-and age-specific norms for absolute and body size-normalized HGS across the adult lifespan.Methods:Systematic searches were conducted in 6 databases/web search engines(MEDLINE,SPORTDiscus,Embase,Web of Science,CINAHL,and Google Scholar)up to December 1,2023.We included full-text peer-reviewed observational studies that reported normative HGS data for adults aged ≥20 years by sex and age.Pseudo data were generated using Monte Carlo simulation following harmonization for methodo-logical variation.Population-weighted Generalized Additive Models for Location,Scale,and Shape were used to develop sex-and age-specific norms for absolute HGS(kg)and HGS normalized by height(Ht,m)squared(i.e.,HGS/Ht^(2)in kg/m^(2)).Norms were tabulated as percentile values(5th to 95th)and visualized as smoothed percentile curves.Results:We included data from 100 unique observational studies representing 2,405,863 adults(51.9%female)aged 20 to 100+years from 69 countries and regions tested from the year 2000 onward.On average,absolute and normalized HGS values negligibly improved throughout early adulthood,peaked from age 3039 years(at 49.7 kg(males)and 29.7 kg(females)for absolute HGS or 16.3 kg/m^(2)(males)and 11.3 kg/m^(2)(females)for HGS/Ht^(2)),and declined afterwards.The age-related decline in HGS accelerated from middle to late adulthood and was slightly larger for males than for females during middle adulthood.Conclusion:This study provides the world’s largest and most geographically comprehensive international norms for adult HGS by sex and age.These norms have utility for global peer-comparisons,health screening,and surveillance.展开更多
This paper focuses on C-K theory with its application to expand the scope of innovative solutions to transform health systems.The previous paper(Huttin,2024)provided a review of main design theories and a description ...This paper focuses on C-K theory with its application to expand the scope of innovative solutions to transform health systems.The previous paper(Huttin,2024)provided a review of main design theories and a description of the research process and interactions between investigators for physicians’choice models using random price generators.The selection of alternatives for that user case mainly related to medical policy problems(e.g.Huttin&Hausman,2021).However,such experimental studies require scaling up for bigger samples and therefore comprehensive user cases,to be useful for transformative tools in health system reforms.The use of C-K theory(Hatchuel&Weil,2002)may be a useful framework to generate data elements on economic and financial information,from conversation of care,and expand the dataspace,with innovative applications of the algorithms(as proposed in Prof.Huttin’s studies).The development of such economic models will impact the architecture of national or international accounting systems;therefore,they may require the design of ad hoc or satellite health accounts with such additional type of information.However,the architecture of health accounts is more driven by environmental communities who dominate methodological advances(e.g.agriculture,forestry management,etc.);modeling techniques in international health accounting generate specific tracers to integrate in aggregate indexes.Such development of the K space may be used for the health targets under the global agenda(e.g.SDGs).The statistical methods used to transform this K space,their selection process,and the identification of key parameters estimates will determine to a certain extent the transformation of health systems and will nurture the C concepts(e.g.more justice in reallocation of services and access to care).In global health,comparable national estimates are used(e.g.“Global Burden of Diseases”(GBD)and risk predictors for health risk evaluation).In relation to global pricing,the agenda refers to“Universal Health Coverage”(UHC),to accelerate access to affordable medical services in different regions of the world.Additional economic and financial information on populations with methodologies such as Hierarchical Bayesian Modeling(HBM)and its countervailing use(e.g.,physicians reversed conjoint models,Huttin,2017),with trained models on bigger samples and comprehensive user cases,contributes to structuring the pathway to transformative changes.展开更多
This paper focuses on the optimization of the evaluation index system for the value of transportation infrastructure assets.It analyzes the shortcomings of the current system and explores the directions for optimizing...This paper focuses on the optimization of the evaluation index system for the value of transportation infrastructure assets.It analyzes the shortcomings of the current system and explores the directions for optimizing the index system from the perspectives of functionality,economy,social impact,environmental impact,and sustainability.The paper also discusses the application of the optimized index system in practical evaluation and the measures to ensure its effectiveness.The research aims to enhance the evaluation mechanism for the value of transportation infrastructure assets,providing a more scientific basis for decision-making,addressing challenges in asset management,improving the level of asset management in transportation infrastructure,and meeting the demands of high-quality development in the transportation sector in the new era.展开更多
This research investigates the design and optimization of a photovoltaic(PV)water pumping system to address seasonal water demands across five locations with varying elevation heads.The systemdraws water froma deep we...This research investigates the design and optimization of a photovoltaic(PV)water pumping system to address seasonal water demands across five locations with varying elevation heads.The systemdraws water froma deep well with a static water level of 30mand a dynamic level of 50m,serving agricultural and livestock needs.The objective of this study is to accurately size a PV system that balances energy generation and demand while minimizing grid dependency.Meanwhile,the study presents a comprehensivemethodology to calculate flowrates,pumping power,daily energy consumption,and system capacity.Therefore,the PV system rating,energy output,and economic performance were evaluated using metrics such as discounted payback period(DPP),net present value(NPV),and sensitivity analysis.The results show that a 2.74 kWp PV system is optimal,producing 4767 kWh/year to meet the system’s annual energy demand of 4686 kWh.In summer,energy demand peaks at 1532.7 kWh,while in winter,it drops to 692.1 kWh.Meanwhile,flow rates range from 11.71 m^(3)/h at 57 m head to 10.49 m^(3)/h at 70 m head,demonstrating the system’s adaptability to diverse hydraulic conditions.Economic analysis reveals that at a 5%interest rate and an electricity price of$0.15/kWh,the NPV is$6981.82 with a DPP of 3.76 years.However,a 30%increase in electricity prices improves the NPV to$10,005.18 and shortens the DPP to 2.76 years,whereas a 20%interest rate reduces the NPV to$1038.79 and extends the DPP to 6.08 years.Nevertheless,the annual PV energy generation exceeds total energy demand by 81 kWh,reducing grid dependency and lowering electricity costs.Additionally,the PV system avoids approximately 3956.6 kg of CO_(2) emissions annually,underscoring its environmental benefits over traditional pumping systems.As a result,this study highlights the economic and environmental viability of PV-powered water pumping systems,offering actionable insights for sustainable energy solutions in agriculture.展开更多
With the advent of the digital economy,there has been a rapid proliferation of small-scale Internet data centers(SIDCs).By leveraging their spatiotemporal load regulation potential through data workload balancing,aggr...With the advent of the digital economy,there has been a rapid proliferation of small-scale Internet data centers(SIDCs).By leveraging their spatiotemporal load regulation potential through data workload balancing,aggregated SIDCs have emerged as promising demand response(DR)resources for future power distribution systems.This paper presents an innovative framework for assessing capacity value(CV)by aggregating SIDCs participating in DR programs(SIDC-DR).Initially,we delineate the concept of CV tailored for aggregated SIDC scenarios and establish a metric for the assessment.Considering the effects of the data load dynamics,equipment constraints,and user behavior,we developed a sophisticated DR model for aggregated SIDCs using a data network aggregation method.Unlike existing studies,the proposed model captures the uncertainties associated with end tenant decisions to opt into an SIDC-DR program by utilizing a novel uncertainty modeling approach called Z-number formulation.This approach accounts for both the uncertainty in user participation intentions and the reliability of basic information during the DR process,enabling high-resolution profiling of the SIDC-DR potential in the CV evaluation.Simulation results from numerical studies conducted on a modified IEEE-33 node distribution system confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach and highlighted the potential benefits of SIDC-DR utilization in the efficient operation of future power systems.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the value of systematic nursing care received by patients with knee osteoarthritis(OA).Methods:Eighty-two OA patients who visited the hospital from August 2023 to August 2024 were selected as samp...Objective:To analyze the value of systematic nursing care received by patients with knee osteoarthritis(OA).Methods:Eighty-two OA patients who visited the hospital from August 2023 to August 2024 were selected as samples and divided into groups by drawing.Group A received systematic nursing,while Group B received routine nursing.Emotional scores,pain scores,knee joint assessments,quality of life scores,and adverse reactions were compared.Results:After 3 weeks of nursing,Group A had lower scores for anxiety(SAS),depression(SDS),and visual analog scale(VAS)compared to Group B,with P<0.05.At 1 week,2 weeks,and 3 weeks of nursing,Group A had higher scores on the American Hospital for Special Surgery(HHS)scale compared to Group B,with P<0.05.After 3 weeks of nursing,Group A had higher scores for quality of life(SF-36)compared to Group B,with P<0.05.The adverse reaction rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B,with P<0.05.Conclusion:Systematic nursing care for OA patients results in improved knee function,pain relief,emotional stability,and improved quality of life,making it highly effective and feasible.展开更多
Under the current long-term electricity market mechanism,new energy and thermal power face issues such as deviation assessment and compression of generation space.The profitability of market players is limited.Simulta...Under the current long-term electricity market mechanism,new energy and thermal power face issues such as deviation assessment and compression of generation space.The profitability of market players is limited.Simultaneously,the cooperation model among various energy sources will have a direct impact on the alliance’s revenue and the equity of income distribution within the alliance.Therefore,integrating new energy with thermal power units into an integrated multi-energy complementary system to participate in the long-term electricity market holds significant potential.To simulate and evaluate the benefits and internal distribution methods of a multi-energy complementary system participating in long-term market transactions,this paper first constructs a multi-energy complementary system integrated with new energy and thermal power generation units at the same connection point,and participates in the annual bilateral game as a unified market entity to obtain the revenue value under the annual bilateral market.Secondly,based on the entropy weight method,improvements are made to the traditional Shapley value distribution model,and an internal distribution model for multi-energy complementary systems with multiple participants is constructed.Finally,a Markov Decision Process(MDP)evaluation system is constructed for practical case verification.The research results show that the improved Shapley value distribution model achieves higher satisfaction,providing a reasonable allocation scheme for multi-energy complementary cooperation models.展开更多
This study investigated the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of ecosystem service value(ESV)alongside its driving influencing factors,thereby offering valuable theoretical insights for the sustainable develop...This study investigated the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of ecosystem service value(ESV)alongside its driving influencing factors,thereby offering valuable theoretical insights for the sustainable development of Jingzhou City,Hubei Province.Based on the land use data for Jingzhou City from 2000 to 2020,this study quantified the value of the ecological environment using the equivalent factor method.Furthermore,it analyzed and elucidated the spatio-temporal heterogeneity and driving mechanisms of ecosystem services in Jingzhou City.The results indicated that between 2000 and 2020,cultivated land(66.40%)and water area(18.82%)were the predominant land use types in Jingzhou City.The areas of water area and construction land exhibited a growth trend during this period.Construction land had the highest rate of land use change,followed by water area and cultivated land.Land use transitions primarily occurred between cultivated land and water area,as well as between cultivated land and construction land.The total value of ecosystem services in Jingzhou City increased by 165.07%from 2000 to 2020.ESV exhibited an upward trend from 2000 to 2015,followed by a gradual decline from 2015 to 2020.The ranking of individual ecosystem services,in descending order,was as follows:regulation services,supporting services,provisioning services,and cultural services.High-value ESV areas were predominantly situated in the water area of Lake Honghu,while low-value regions were mainly found in the cultivated land in the central and western parts of Jingzhou City.The spatial differentiation of ESV in Jingzhzou City was influenced by both natural and socio-economic factors,with natural factors exerting a more significant impact than socioeconomic factors.Specifically,the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)was the dominant environmental factor,while GDP plays a synergistic role.展开更多
High peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR)is the main disadvantage of visible light communication-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(VLC-OFDM)systems.To address this problem,a novel precoding method is propo...High peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR)is the main disadvantage of visible light communication-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(VLC-OFDM)systems.To address this problem,a novel precoding method is proposed in this paper.The complex-valued precoding matrix is constructed by a Vandermonde matrix.The researched results show the proposed precoding scheme has better PAPR performance when compared to the conventional real-valued precoding methods.Moreover,a general closed-form expression of bit error rate(BER)for Vandermonde precoded VLC-OFDM is derived for multipath fading channel.The obtained BER formula shows that Vandermonde precoding can improve the BER performance of VLC-OFDM system over multipath fading channel.This is verified by the simulation results.The researched results also show that different precoding schemes have the same BER performance but different PAPR performance.展开更多
The Kulpawn River Basin(KRB)plays a critical role in supporting rural livelihoods through agriculture,water supply,and biodiversity conservation.However,between 1995 and 2023,significant land use and land cover(LULC)c...The Kulpawn River Basin(KRB)plays a critical role in supporting rural livelihoods through agriculture,water supply,and biodiversity conservation.However,between 1995 and 2023,significant land use and land cover(LULC)changes have been observed,affecting ecosystem services(ESs).This study evaluated the ecosystem service values(ESVs)associated with LULC changes.The random forest algorithm was applied to extract LULC information from Landsat images for 1995,2005,2015,and 2023.The benefit transfer method was employed to estimate the ESVs over the study period.Questionnaires were also used to assess the views of respondents on the drivers of the ES changes in the basin.The results showed that agricultural lands expanded by 14.14%,built-up areas by 15.17%,and light savannah forest by 8.73%,while dense savannah forest and water bodies declined by 25.71%and 20.00%,respectively.The total estimated ESV was 410.09×10^(8),362.92×10^(8),335.30×10^(8),and 319.28×10^(8) USD/(hm^(2)·a)in 1995,2005,2015,and 2023,respectively,indicating that the total ESV declined from 410.09×10^(8) USD/(hm^(2)·a)in 1995 to 319.28×10^(8) USD/(hm^(2)·a)in 2023.The study concludes that the reduction in ESVs is due to the LULC changes resulting from agricultural activities,expansion of built-up areas,population sprawl,and artisanal mining activities.Hence,there is an urgent need to develop programs and strategies to mitigate and curtail the degradation of LULC and ESVs in the basin.These findings reveal a growing ecological vulnerability,threatening water security and rural livelihoods.The study offers valuable insights to guide sustainable land use planning and ecosystem conservation strategies.展开更多
Investigating the ecological impact of land use change in the context of the construction of national water network project is crucial,as it is imperative for achieving the sustainable development goals of the nationa...Investigating the ecological impact of land use change in the context of the construction of national water network project is crucial,as it is imperative for achieving the sustainable development goals of the national water network and guaranteeing regional ecological stability.Using the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area(DRA),China as the study area,this paper first examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of natural landscape patterns and ecosystem service values(ESV)in the DRA from 2000 to 2018 and then investigated the spatial clustering characteristics of the ESV using spatial statistical analysis tools.Finally,the patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model was used to simulate the natural landscape and future changes in the ESV of the DRA from 2018 to 2028 under four different development scenarios:business as usual(BAU),economic development(ED),ecological protection(EP),and shoreline protection(SP).The results show that:during 2000-2018,the construction of water facilities had a significant impact on regional land use/land cover(LULC)change,with a 24830 ha increase in watershed area.ESV exhibited an increasing trend,with a significant and growing spatial clustering effect.The transformation of farmland to water bodies led to accelerated ESV growth,while the transformation of forest land to farmland led to a decrease in the ESV.Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)had the strongest effect on the ESV.ESV exhibited a continuous increase from 2018 to 2028 under all the simulation scenarios.The EP scenario had the greatest increase in ESV,while the ED scenario had the smallest increase.The findings suggest that projected land use patterns under different scenarios have varied impacts on ecosystem services(ESs)and that the management and planning of the DRA should balance social,economic,ecological,and security benefits.nomic,ecological,and security benefits.展开更多
The contribution rate of ecosystem service value variation was used to analyze the effects of land use changes on the changes of ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005.Grey integrated correlation w...The contribution rate of ecosystem service value variation was used to analyze the effects of land use changes on the changes of ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005.Grey integrated correlation was employed to explore the contribution level of the indicators such as total population,urbanization level,proportion of primary industry and investment of social fixed assets on ecosystem service value,and the correlation analysis was also carried out.The results showed that the ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005 mainly was woodland,and the decrease of woodland area was the major reason for the sustained reduction of ecosystem service value.With the further increase of market demand and the incentives of local government,the garden area rapidly increased during 2001-2005,and the influence degree of garden towards the changes of ecosystem service value was only second to woodland,ranking No.2.Four socio-economic indicators had different correlation degree with ecosystem service value during the different research periods.Total population,urbanization level and proportion of primary industry had high correlation degree with ecosystem service value,whereas the influence degree of various socio-economic indicators on ecosystem service value was equal with each other day by day.Urbanization level,investment of social fixed assets and total population had significant negative correlation with ecosystem service value,while the proportion of primary industry had positive correlation with ecosystem service value.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to assess the ecosystem services value in Hotan Oasis, Xingjiang. [Method] The visual interpretation method was adopted to process TM/ETM＋ images based on field investigation in Hotan Oasi...[Objective] The study aimed to assess the ecosystem services value in Hotan Oasis, Xingjiang. [Method] The visual interpretation method was adopted to process TM/ETM＋ images based on field investigation in Hotan Oasis. These inter- pretation data, along with two periods of land use data, were reclassified to farm- land, forest, grassland and so on. Then, the ecosystem services value was calculat- ed and analyzed. [Result] Analysis indicated that the ecosystem services value had been increased by 30.44x108 Yuan （16.51%） in the study area during 1980-2010, which can be explained by the increase of glacier and snowfield distributed in the south mountain with the increase of annual precipitation. At the same time, the con- tribution rate of grassland to ecosystem services value had been decreased as a result of degradation of grassland and occupation from farmland. For the whole basin, the increase of ecosystem services value came from the upper reaches, while the ecosystem services value had been reduced in the middle and lower reaches. In the middle reaches, the reduction came mainly from wetland （-1.83x10s Yuan）, waters （-1.68x10s Yuan）, forest （-0.86x108 Yuan） and grassland （-0.80x108 Yuan）. But in the lower reaches, the ecosystem services values of waters, grassland and forest were -0.61 x108 Yuan, -0.24x108 Yuan, and -0.07x10s Yuan, respectively. [Conclusion] If some effective policies, such as the implementation of returning farm- land to forest and ceasing from farming to grazing, would be taken, the ecosystem degradation can be constrained and reversed in the northwest arid region.展开更多
Based on TM image data in 1989, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2006 and 2009 of Yanchi County of Ningxia, the land use date of Yanchi County in each year were extracted supported by RS and GIS technology, and used to analyze the d...Based on TM image data in 1989, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2006 and 2009 of Yanchi County of Ningxia, the land use date of Yanchi County in each year were extracted supported by RS and GIS technology, and used to analyze the dynamic change of land use. The land use data were studied for estimating the change of ecosystem services value caused by the land use change of Yanchi County, using the evaluation method of China terrestrial ecosystem services value. The results showed that the changes of land use were obvious during 1989 to 2009. The area of woodland and construction land had an increasing tendency; grassland area changed from decreasing to increasing, which was in contrary to farmland and un-used land areas （from increasing to decreasing）; water area fluctuated slightly. The ecosystem services value of Yanchi County had an increasing tendency during 1989 to 1995, because the increasing woodland area had took the major role in raising the total ecosystem services value. The grassland accounted for a large proportion of the total ecosystem service value of Yanchi County, with its contribution rate from 49.8% to 60.4%. And the composition of the ecosystem services value of Yanchi County happened benign change for the increasing contribution rate of woodland. The ecosystem services value sensitivity index of each land use type was less than 1, indicating that the ecosystem services value of Yanchi County lacks flexibility on its service value index, and the research results are reliable.展开更多
[Method] This study aimed to assess the changes in grassland ecosystem Service values in the Three-River Headwaters Region of China, the source of the Yangtze, Yellow （Huang He） and Lantsang （Mekong） rivers. [Meth...[Method] This study aimed to assess the changes in grassland ecosystem Service values in the Three-River Headwaters Region of China, the source of the Yangtze, Yellow （Huang He） and Lantsang （Mekong） rivers. [Method] Biophysical values of four services were monetized within the region, including water regulation, air quality regulation, climate regulation and soil conservation. [Result] The total ESVs were 884.97×10^8 Yuan, 1 302.06×10^8 Yuan and 1 299.49×10^8 Yuan in 2000, 2005 and 2008, respectively. The amount of value per unit area experienced a steep increase from 2000 to 2005（18.10×10^4 Yuan/km2）, and then remained almost unchanged from 2005 to 2008 （-0.31×10^4 Yuan/km2）. The ESV tended to decline from the southeastern to the northwestern. ESV in the eastern and central part increased faster than that in the south-central and western part of the TRHR from 2000 to 2008. It could be seen that the ecosystem condition of grassland in the TRHR improved signifi- cantly over the study period of 2000-2008. [Conelusion] The results provided good information to assess the effectiveness of current ecological protection measures in the TRHR and support regional sustainable management policies.展开更多
基金supported by Humanities and Social Sciences research project of Ministry of Education(Grant No.24YJCZH342)the Inventory of ecological products and calculation of Gross ecosystem product(GEP)in Zhangye City(Grant No.E4390901)。
文摘Farmland ecosystems are the primary ecosystem type in inland river basins,providing the biological and material basis for human development and survival.The foundation for monetizing the value of agricultural ecological products and transforming green mountains into gold mountains is the precise assessment of ecosystem products in specific geographic units(VEP)within farmland ecosystems,which elucidates regional agricultural resource endowments and spatial distribution.However,agricultural ecological products face challenges in valuation,trading,and monetization,and research on pathways for their value transformation remains limited.This study uses Zhangye City in inland river basins as an example to construct a catalog of farmland ecosystem ecological products and explores VEP accounting methods based on multi-source data,including statistical,remote sensing,and monitoring data,at the city and county scales,and analyzes differentiated value transformation pathways according to the attributes of various agricultural ecological products.The results show that material supply value ranks highest among the VEP of farmland ecosystems in inland river basins,followed by regulatory services,while recreational agriculture value ranks lowest.The ranking of VEP varies from the ranking of farmland ecosystem area,with available agricultural water being a major constraint on the VEP of farmland ecosystems in inland river basins.Regional climate,geographic position,and transportation are linked to the value of agricultural ecosystem products within material supply products.Precipitation,soil structure,and cropping patterns are linked to the value of agricultural ecosystem products within regulatory services.The local cultural resources and tourism infrastructure are linked to the value of agricultural ecosystem products within cultural services.Regarding the pathways for achieving the value of agricultural ecological products,market-oriented strategies dominate the mainstay of material supply products,government-led mechanisms are pivotal for regulatory service products,and a combination of government and market strategies is essential for cultural service products.
基金supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41931293)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42271275).
文摘The rapid population and land urbanization not only promoted economic development but also affected the ecosystem service value(ESV).In the context of new-type urbanization and green development,it’s essential to investigate the impacts of urbanization on ESV in China.However,a comprehensive and dynamic framework to reveal the relationship between ESV and urbanization processes is lacking.This study adopted multi-source datasets to portray China’s urbanization process by integrating population,land,and economic urbanization,eval-uated the ESV changes of 10 categories by gross ecosystem product(GEP)methods,and explored ESV changes within different urbanization scales and speeds.The results showed rapid urbanization in the population,land,and economic dimensions in China,with a faster process of economic urbanization.The ESV also exhibited an increasing trend,with higher levels in the southeastern coastal regions and lower levels in the northwestern regions.Urbanization had positive impacts on ESV across various research units,but the ESV exhibited heteroge-neous changes across different urbanization scales,speeds,and their interactive effects.The response of ESV to dynamic urbanization processes was influenced by socio-economic,ecological,and policy factors;it is essential to combine targeted measures with general ecological product value realization methods in each unit to maximize social-economic-ecological benefits.
基金funded by the Central University D Project(HFW230600022)National Natural Science Foundation of China(71973021)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation Youth Funding Project(72003022)Heilongjiang Province University Think Tank Open Topic(ZKKF2022173).
文摘The scientific assessment of ecosystem ser-vice value(ESV)plays a critical role in regional ecologi-cal protection and management,rational land use planning,and the establishment of ecological security barriers.The ecosystem service value of the Northeast Forest Belt from 2005 to 2020 was assessed,focusing on spatial–temporal changes and the driving forces behind these dynamics.Using multi-source data,the equivalent factor method,and geo-graphic detectors,we analyzed natural and socio-economic factors affecting the region.which was crucial for effective ecological conservation and land-use planning.Enhanced the effectiveness of policy formulation and land use plan-ning.The results show that the ESV of the Northeast Forest Belt exhibits an overall increasing trend from 2005 to 2020,with forests and wetlands contributing the most.However,there are significant differences between forest belts.Driven by natural and socio-economic factors,the ESV of forest belts in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces showed significant growth.In contrast,the ESV of Forest Belts in Liaoning and Inner Mongolia of China remains relatively stable,but the spatial differentiation within these regions is characterized by significant clustering of high-value and low-value areas.Furthermore,climate regulation and hydrological regulation services were identified as the most important ecological functions in the Northeast Forest Belt,contributing greatly to regional ecological stability and human well-being.The ESV in the Northeast Forest Belt is improved during the study period,but the stability of the ecosystem is still chal-lenged by the dual impacts of natural and socio-economic factors.To further optimize regional land use planning and ecological protection policies,it is recommended to prior-itize the conservation of high-ESV areas,enhance ecological restoration efforts for wetlands and forests,and reasonably control the spatial layout of urban expansion and agricul-tural development.Additionally,this study highlights the importance of tailored ecological compensation policies and strategic land-use planning to balance environmental protec-tion and economic growth.
文摘Human well-being and livelihoods depend on natural ecosystem services(ESs).Following the increment of population,ESs have been deteriorated over time.Ultimately,land use/land cover(LULC)changes have a profound impact on the change of ecosystem.The primary goal of this study is to determine the impacts of LULC changes on ecosystem service values(ESVs)in the upper Gilgel Abbay watershed,Ethiopia.Changes in LULC types were studied using three Landsat images representing 1986,2003,and 2021.The Landsat images were classified using a supervised image classification technique in Earth Resources Data Analysis System(ERDAS)Imagine 2014.We classified ESs in this study into four categories(including provisioning,regulating,supporting,and cultural services)based on global ES classification scheme.The adjusted ESV coefficient benefit approach was employed to measure the impacts of LULC changes on ESVs.Five LULC types were identified in this study,including cultivated land,forest,shrubland,grassland,and water body.The result revealed that the area of cultivated land accounted for 64.50%,71.50%,and 61.50%of the total area in 1986,2003,and 2021,respectively.The percentage of the total area covered by forest was 9.50%,5.90%,and 14.80%in 1986,2003,and 2021,respectively.Result revealed that the total ESV decreased from 7.42×10^(7) to 6.44×10^(7) USD between 1986 and 2003.This is due to the expansion of cultivated land at the expense of forest and shrubland.However,the total ESV increased from 6.44×10^(7) to 7.76×10^(7) USD during 2003-2021,because of the increment of forest and shrubland.The expansion of cultivated land and the reductions of forest and shrubland reduced most individual ESs during 1986-2003.Nevertheless,the increase in forest and shrubland at the expense of cultivated land enhanced many ESs during 2003-2021.Therefore,the findings suggest that appropriate land use practices should be scaled-up to sustainably maintain ESs.
基金supported by the Central Government Guides the Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(2023ZY0020)Key R&D and Achievement Transformation Project in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2022YFHH0019)+4 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology(2022053)Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2022LHQN05002)NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(52067018)Natural Science Foundation of InnerMongoliaAutonomous Region of China(2025MS05052)Control Science and Engineering Quality Improvement and Cultivation Discipline Project in Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology.
文摘A park hydrogen-doped integrated energy system(PHIES)can maximize energy utilization as a system with multiple supplies.To realize win-win cooperation between the PHIES and active distribution network(ADN),the cooperative operation problem of multi-PHIES connected to the same ADN is studied.A low-carbon hybrid game coordination strategy for multi-PHIES accessing ADN based on dynamic carbon base price is proposed in the paper.Firstly,multi-PHIES are constructed to form a PHIES alliance,including a hydrogen-doped gas turbine(HGT),hydrogen-doped gas boiler(HGB),power to gas and carbon capture system(P2G-CCS),and other equipment.Secondly,a hybrid game system model of the ADN and PHIES alliance is constructed,in which the ADN and PHIES alliance constitute a master-slave game,and the members of the PHIES alliance constitute a cooperative game.An improved Shapley value is proposed to deal with the problem of cost share among members in the alliance.Thirdly,an improved stepped carbon trading based on dynamic carbon baseline price is proposed.Thecarbon emissions at each moment and the total carbon emissions in a cycle are set as the dynamic adjustment factors of the carbon baseline price.The pricing mechanism of carbon baseline price increases with carbon emissions is constructed so that carbon emissions decrease.Finally,the quadratic interpolation optimization(QIO)algorithm is combined with Gurobi to solve the model.The results of the example analysis show that the cost of ADN is reduced by 4.47%,the cost of PHIES 1 is reduced by 3.67%,the cost of PHIES 2 is reduced by 0.97%,and the cost of PHIES 3 is reduced by 4.91%respectively.The total carbon emissions of the PHIES alliance are reduced by 7.08%.The low-carbon and economical operation of the multi-PHIES accessing ADN is achieved.
基金supported by European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska Curie grant agreement(No.101028929)BJFis supported by National Heart Foundation of Australia Postdoc-toral Fellowship(No.106588)+1 种基金BG is supported by Australian Government Research Training Program ScholarshipDPLis supported by Clive Kearon Award,McMaster University.Additional funding information can be found in Supplemen-tary Funding.
文摘Background:Muscular strength is a powerful marker of current health status and robust predictor of age-related disease and disability.Handgrip strength(HGS)using isometric dynamometry is a convenient,feasible,and widely used method of assessing muscular strength among people of all ages.While adult HGS norms have been published for many countries,no study has yet synthesized available data to produce international norms.The objective of this study was to generate international sex-and age-specific norms for absolute and body size-normalized HGS across the adult lifespan.Methods:Systematic searches were conducted in 6 databases/web search engines(MEDLINE,SPORTDiscus,Embase,Web of Science,CINAHL,and Google Scholar)up to December 1,2023.We included full-text peer-reviewed observational studies that reported normative HGS data for adults aged ≥20 years by sex and age.Pseudo data were generated using Monte Carlo simulation following harmonization for methodo-logical variation.Population-weighted Generalized Additive Models for Location,Scale,and Shape were used to develop sex-and age-specific norms for absolute HGS(kg)and HGS normalized by height(Ht,m)squared(i.e.,HGS/Ht^(2)in kg/m^(2)).Norms were tabulated as percentile values(5th to 95th)and visualized as smoothed percentile curves.Results:We included data from 100 unique observational studies representing 2,405,863 adults(51.9%female)aged 20 to 100+years from 69 countries and regions tested from the year 2000 onward.On average,absolute and normalized HGS values negligibly improved throughout early adulthood,peaked from age 3039 years(at 49.7 kg(males)and 29.7 kg(females)for absolute HGS or 16.3 kg/m^(2)(males)and 11.3 kg/m^(2)(females)for HGS/Ht^(2)),and declined afterwards.The age-related decline in HGS accelerated from middle to late adulthood and was slightly larger for males than for females during middle adulthood.Conclusion:This study provides the world’s largest and most geographically comprehensive international norms for adult HGS by sex and age.These norms have utility for global peer-comparisons,health screening,and surveillance.
文摘This paper focuses on C-K theory with its application to expand the scope of innovative solutions to transform health systems.The previous paper(Huttin,2024)provided a review of main design theories and a description of the research process and interactions between investigators for physicians’choice models using random price generators.The selection of alternatives for that user case mainly related to medical policy problems(e.g.Huttin&Hausman,2021).However,such experimental studies require scaling up for bigger samples and therefore comprehensive user cases,to be useful for transformative tools in health system reforms.The use of C-K theory(Hatchuel&Weil,2002)may be a useful framework to generate data elements on economic and financial information,from conversation of care,and expand the dataspace,with innovative applications of the algorithms(as proposed in Prof.Huttin’s studies).The development of such economic models will impact the architecture of national or international accounting systems;therefore,they may require the design of ad hoc or satellite health accounts with such additional type of information.However,the architecture of health accounts is more driven by environmental communities who dominate methodological advances(e.g.agriculture,forestry management,etc.);modeling techniques in international health accounting generate specific tracers to integrate in aggregate indexes.Such development of the K space may be used for the health targets under the global agenda(e.g.SDGs).The statistical methods used to transform this K space,their selection process,and the identification of key parameters estimates will determine to a certain extent the transformation of health systems and will nurture the C concepts(e.g.more justice in reallocation of services and access to care).In global health,comparable national estimates are used(e.g.“Global Burden of Diseases”(GBD)and risk predictors for health risk evaluation).In relation to global pricing,the agenda refers to“Universal Health Coverage”(UHC),to accelerate access to affordable medical services in different regions of the world.Additional economic and financial information on populations with methodologies such as Hierarchical Bayesian Modeling(HBM)and its countervailing use(e.g.,physicians reversed conjoint models,Huttin,2017),with trained models on bigger samples and comprehensive user cases,contributes to structuring the pathway to transformative changes.
文摘This paper focuses on the optimization of the evaluation index system for the value of transportation infrastructure assets.It analyzes the shortcomings of the current system and explores the directions for optimizing the index system from the perspectives of functionality,economy,social impact,environmental impact,and sustainability.The paper also discusses the application of the optimized index system in practical evaluation and the measures to ensure its effectiveness.The research aims to enhance the evaluation mechanism for the value of transportation infrastructure assets,providing a more scientific basis for decision-making,addressing challenges in asset management,improving the level of asset management in transportation infrastructure,and meeting the demands of high-quality development in the transportation sector in the new era.
文摘This research investigates the design and optimization of a photovoltaic(PV)water pumping system to address seasonal water demands across five locations with varying elevation heads.The systemdraws water froma deep well with a static water level of 30mand a dynamic level of 50m,serving agricultural and livestock needs.The objective of this study is to accurately size a PV system that balances energy generation and demand while minimizing grid dependency.Meanwhile,the study presents a comprehensivemethodology to calculate flowrates,pumping power,daily energy consumption,and system capacity.Therefore,the PV system rating,energy output,and economic performance were evaluated using metrics such as discounted payback period(DPP),net present value(NPV),and sensitivity analysis.The results show that a 2.74 kWp PV system is optimal,producing 4767 kWh/year to meet the system’s annual energy demand of 4686 kWh.In summer,energy demand peaks at 1532.7 kWh,while in winter,it drops to 692.1 kWh.Meanwhile,flow rates range from 11.71 m^(3)/h at 57 m head to 10.49 m^(3)/h at 70 m head,demonstrating the system’s adaptability to diverse hydraulic conditions.Economic analysis reveals that at a 5%interest rate and an electricity price of$0.15/kWh,the NPV is$6981.82 with a DPP of 3.76 years.However,a 30%increase in electricity prices improves the NPV to$10,005.18 and shortens the DPP to 2.76 years,whereas a 20%interest rate reduces the NPV to$1038.79 and extends the DPP to 6.08 years.Nevertheless,the annual PV energy generation exceeds total energy demand by 81 kWh,reducing grid dependency and lowering electricity costs.Additionally,the PV system avoids approximately 3956.6 kg of CO_(2) emissions annually,underscoring its environmental benefits over traditional pumping systems.As a result,this study highlights the economic and environmental viability of PV-powered water pumping systems,offering actionable insights for sustainable energy solutions in agriculture.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52177082in part by the Beijing Nova Program under Grant 20220484007.
文摘With the advent of the digital economy,there has been a rapid proliferation of small-scale Internet data centers(SIDCs).By leveraging their spatiotemporal load regulation potential through data workload balancing,aggregated SIDCs have emerged as promising demand response(DR)resources for future power distribution systems.This paper presents an innovative framework for assessing capacity value(CV)by aggregating SIDCs participating in DR programs(SIDC-DR).Initially,we delineate the concept of CV tailored for aggregated SIDC scenarios and establish a metric for the assessment.Considering the effects of the data load dynamics,equipment constraints,and user behavior,we developed a sophisticated DR model for aggregated SIDCs using a data network aggregation method.Unlike existing studies,the proposed model captures the uncertainties associated with end tenant decisions to opt into an SIDC-DR program by utilizing a novel uncertainty modeling approach called Z-number formulation.This approach accounts for both the uncertainty in user participation intentions and the reliability of basic information during the DR process,enabling high-resolution profiling of the SIDC-DR potential in the CV evaluation.Simulation results from numerical studies conducted on a modified IEEE-33 node distribution system confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach and highlighted the potential benefits of SIDC-DR utilization in the efficient operation of future power systems.
文摘Objective:To analyze the value of systematic nursing care received by patients with knee osteoarthritis(OA).Methods:Eighty-two OA patients who visited the hospital from August 2023 to August 2024 were selected as samples and divided into groups by drawing.Group A received systematic nursing,while Group B received routine nursing.Emotional scores,pain scores,knee joint assessments,quality of life scores,and adverse reactions were compared.Results:After 3 weeks of nursing,Group A had lower scores for anxiety(SAS),depression(SDS),and visual analog scale(VAS)compared to Group B,with P<0.05.At 1 week,2 weeks,and 3 weeks of nursing,Group A had higher scores on the American Hospital for Special Surgery(HHS)scale compared to Group B,with P<0.05.After 3 weeks of nursing,Group A had higher scores for quality of life(SF-36)compared to Group B,with P<0.05.The adverse reaction rate in Group A was lower than that in Group B,with P<0.05.Conclusion:Systematic nursing care for OA patients results in improved knee function,pain relief,emotional stability,and improved quality of life,making it highly effective and feasible.
文摘Under the current long-term electricity market mechanism,new energy and thermal power face issues such as deviation assessment and compression of generation space.The profitability of market players is limited.Simultaneously,the cooperation model among various energy sources will have a direct impact on the alliance’s revenue and the equity of income distribution within the alliance.Therefore,integrating new energy with thermal power units into an integrated multi-energy complementary system to participate in the long-term electricity market holds significant potential.To simulate and evaluate the benefits and internal distribution methods of a multi-energy complementary system participating in long-term market transactions,this paper first constructs a multi-energy complementary system integrated with new energy and thermal power generation units at the same connection point,and participates in the annual bilateral game as a unified market entity to obtain the revenue value under the annual bilateral market.Secondly,based on the entropy weight method,improvements are made to the traditional Shapley value distribution model,and an internal distribution model for multi-energy complementary systems with multiple participants is constructed.Finally,a Markov Decision Process(MDP)evaluation system is constructed for practical case verification.The research results show that the improved Shapley value distribution model achieves higher satisfaction,providing a reasonable allocation scheme for multi-energy complementary cooperation models.
文摘This study investigated the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of ecosystem service value(ESV)alongside its driving influencing factors,thereby offering valuable theoretical insights for the sustainable development of Jingzhou City,Hubei Province.Based on the land use data for Jingzhou City from 2000 to 2020,this study quantified the value of the ecological environment using the equivalent factor method.Furthermore,it analyzed and elucidated the spatio-temporal heterogeneity and driving mechanisms of ecosystem services in Jingzhou City.The results indicated that between 2000 and 2020,cultivated land(66.40%)and water area(18.82%)were the predominant land use types in Jingzhou City.The areas of water area and construction land exhibited a growth trend during this period.Construction land had the highest rate of land use change,followed by water area and cultivated land.Land use transitions primarily occurred between cultivated land and water area,as well as between cultivated land and construction land.The total value of ecosystem services in Jingzhou City increased by 165.07%from 2000 to 2020.ESV exhibited an upward trend from 2000 to 2015,followed by a gradual decline from 2015 to 2020.The ranking of individual ecosystem services,in descending order,was as follows:regulation services,supporting services,provisioning services,and cultural services.High-value ESV areas were predominantly situated in the water area of Lake Honghu,while low-value regions were mainly found in the cultivated land in the central and western parts of Jingzhou City.The spatial differentiation of ESV in Jingzhzou City was influenced by both natural and socio-economic factors,with natural factors exerting a more significant impact than socioeconomic factors.Specifically,the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)was the dominant environmental factor,while GDP plays a synergistic role.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LZ21F010001)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang University of Science and Technology(No.2023QN095)。
文摘High peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR)is the main disadvantage of visible light communication-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(VLC-OFDM)systems.To address this problem,a novel precoding method is proposed in this paper.The complex-valued precoding matrix is constructed by a Vandermonde matrix.The researched results show the proposed precoding scheme has better PAPR performance when compared to the conventional real-valued precoding methods.Moreover,a general closed-form expression of bit error rate(BER)for Vandermonde precoded VLC-OFDM is derived for multipath fading channel.The obtained BER formula shows that Vandermonde precoding can improve the BER performance of VLC-OFDM system over multipath fading channel.This is verified by the simulation results.The researched results also show that different precoding schemes have the same BER performance but different PAPR performance.
基金financial assistance from the European Union(Contract number:AFS2023/444-387)。
文摘The Kulpawn River Basin(KRB)plays a critical role in supporting rural livelihoods through agriculture,water supply,and biodiversity conservation.However,between 1995 and 2023,significant land use and land cover(LULC)changes have been observed,affecting ecosystem services(ESs).This study evaluated the ecosystem service values(ESVs)associated with LULC changes.The random forest algorithm was applied to extract LULC information from Landsat images for 1995,2005,2015,and 2023.The benefit transfer method was employed to estimate the ESVs over the study period.Questionnaires were also used to assess the views of respondents on the drivers of the ES changes in the basin.The results showed that agricultural lands expanded by 14.14%,built-up areas by 15.17%,and light savannah forest by 8.73%,while dense savannah forest and water bodies declined by 25.71%and 20.00%,respectively.The total estimated ESV was 410.09×10^(8),362.92×10^(8),335.30×10^(8),and 319.28×10^(8) USD/(hm^(2)·a)in 1995,2005,2015,and 2023,respectively,indicating that the total ESV declined from 410.09×10^(8) USD/(hm^(2)·a)in 1995 to 319.28×10^(8) USD/(hm^(2)·a)in 2023.The study concludes that the reduction in ESVs is due to the LULC changes resulting from agricultural activities,expansion of built-up areas,population sprawl,and artisanal mining activities.Hence,there is an urgent need to develop programs and strategies to mitigate and curtail the degradation of LULC and ESVs in the basin.These findings reveal a growing ecological vulnerability,threatening water security and rural livelihoods.The study offers valuable insights to guide sustainable land use planning and ecosystem conservation strategies.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42371315,41901213)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2020CFB856)Project of Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd(No.CX2022Z23)。
文摘Investigating the ecological impact of land use change in the context of the construction of national water network project is crucial,as it is imperative for achieving the sustainable development goals of the national water network and guaranteeing regional ecological stability.Using the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area(DRA),China as the study area,this paper first examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of natural landscape patterns and ecosystem service values(ESV)in the DRA from 2000 to 2018 and then investigated the spatial clustering characteristics of the ESV using spatial statistical analysis tools.Finally,the patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model was used to simulate the natural landscape and future changes in the ESV of the DRA from 2018 to 2028 under four different development scenarios:business as usual(BAU),economic development(ED),ecological protection(EP),and shoreline protection(SP).The results show that:during 2000-2018,the construction of water facilities had a significant impact on regional land use/land cover(LULC)change,with a 24830 ha increase in watershed area.ESV exhibited an increasing trend,with a significant and growing spatial clustering effect.The transformation of farmland to water bodies led to accelerated ESV growth,while the transformation of forest land to farmland led to a decrease in the ESV.Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)had the strongest effect on the ESV.ESV exhibited a continuous increase from 2018 to 2028 under all the simulation scenarios.The EP scenario had the greatest increase in ESV,while the ED scenario had the smallest increase.The findings suggest that projected land use patterns under different scenarios have varied impacts on ecosystem services(ESs)and that the management and planning of the DRA should balance social,economic,ecological,and security benefits.nomic,ecological,and security benefits.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"Research on Optimization Model of Land Use in Southern Hilly Region with Red Soil in Jiangxi Province based on Ecological Security Evaluation"(2008GQH0057)Educational Commission of Jiangxi Province"Research on Scenario Simulation of Land Use Security Pattern in Southern Hilly Region with Red Soil in Jiangxi Province" (GJJ09557)Innovative Experimental Projects of National University Students"Research on Land Use Ecological Security Assessment in Hilly Region with Red Soil based on GIS-Xingguo County in Jiangxi Province as an Example"(101042124)~~
文摘The contribution rate of ecosystem service value variation was used to analyze the effects of land use changes on the changes of ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005.Grey integrated correlation was employed to explore the contribution level of the indicators such as total population,urbanization level,proportion of primary industry and investment of social fixed assets on ecosystem service value,and the correlation analysis was also carried out.The results showed that the ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005 mainly was woodland,and the decrease of woodland area was the major reason for the sustained reduction of ecosystem service value.With the further increase of market demand and the incentives of local government,the garden area rapidly increased during 2001-2005,and the influence degree of garden towards the changes of ecosystem service value was only second to woodland,ranking No.2.Four socio-economic indicators had different correlation degree with ecosystem service value during the different research periods.Total population,urbanization level and proportion of primary industry had high correlation degree with ecosystem service value,whereas the influence degree of various socio-economic indicators on ecosystem service value was equal with each other day by day.Urbanization level,investment of social fixed assets and total population had significant negative correlation with ecosystem service value,while the proportion of primary industry had positive correlation with ecosystem service value.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2010CB955905)~~
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to assess the ecosystem services value in Hotan Oasis, Xingjiang. [Method] The visual interpretation method was adopted to process TM/ETM＋ images based on field investigation in Hotan Oasis. These inter- pretation data, along with two periods of land use data, were reclassified to farm- land, forest, grassland and so on. Then, the ecosystem services value was calculat- ed and analyzed. [Result] Analysis indicated that the ecosystem services value had been increased by 30.44x108 Yuan （16.51%） in the study area during 1980-2010, which can be explained by the increase of glacier and snowfield distributed in the south mountain with the increase of annual precipitation. At the same time, the con- tribution rate of grassland to ecosystem services value had been decreased as a result of degradation of grassland and occupation from farmland. For the whole basin, the increase of ecosystem services value came from the upper reaches, while the ecosystem services value had been reduced in the middle and lower reaches. In the middle reaches, the reduction came mainly from wetland （-1.83x10s Yuan）, waters （-1.68x10s Yuan）, forest （-0.86x108 Yuan） and grassland （-0.80x108 Yuan）. But in the lower reaches, the ecosystem services values of waters, grassland and forest were -0.61 x108 Yuan, -0.24x108 Yuan, and -0.07x10s Yuan, respectively. [Conclusion] If some effective policies, such as the implementation of returning farm- land to forest and ceasing from farming to grazing, would be taken, the ecosystem degradation can be constrained and reversed in the northwest arid region.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2012BAD16B02)National Forestry Public Welfare Industry Research of China(201004018)~~
文摘Based on TM image data in 1989, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2006 and 2009 of Yanchi County of Ningxia, the land use date of Yanchi County in each year were extracted supported by RS and GIS technology, and used to analyze the dynamic change of land use. The land use data were studied for estimating the change of ecosystem services value caused by the land use change of Yanchi County, using the evaluation method of China terrestrial ecosystem services value. The results showed that the changes of land use were obvious during 1989 to 2009. The area of woodland and construction land had an increasing tendency; grassland area changed from decreasing to increasing, which was in contrary to farmland and un-used land areas （from increasing to decreasing）; water area fluctuated slightly. The ecosystem services value of Yanchi County had an increasing tendency during 1989 to 1995, because the increasing woodland area had took the major role in raising the total ecosystem services value. The grassland accounted for a large proportion of the total ecosystem service value of Yanchi County, with its contribution rate from 49.8% to 60.4%. And the composition of the ecosystem services value of Yanchi County happened benign change for the increasing contribution rate of woodland. The ecosystem services value sensitivity index of each land use type was less than 1, indicating that the ecosystem services value of Yanchi County lacks flexibility on its service value index, and the research results are reliable.
基金Supported by the National Key Technologies R & D Program of China(2009BAC61B05)Ministry of Environmental Protection of China through Commonweal Research Funding(201009056)~~
文摘[Method] This study aimed to assess the changes in grassland ecosystem Service values in the Three-River Headwaters Region of China, the source of the Yangtze, Yellow （Huang He） and Lantsang （Mekong） rivers. [Method] Biophysical values of four services were monetized within the region, including water regulation, air quality regulation, climate regulation and soil conservation. [Result] The total ESVs were 884.97×10^8 Yuan, 1 302.06×10^8 Yuan and 1 299.49×10^8 Yuan in 2000, 2005 and 2008, respectively. The amount of value per unit area experienced a steep increase from 2000 to 2005（18.10×10^4 Yuan/km2）, and then remained almost unchanged from 2005 to 2008 （-0.31×10^4 Yuan/km2）. The ESV tended to decline from the southeastern to the northwestern. ESV in the eastern and central part increased faster than that in the south-central and western part of the TRHR from 2000 to 2008. It could be seen that the ecosystem condition of grassland in the TRHR improved signifi- cantly over the study period of 2000-2008. [Conelusion] The results provided good information to assess the effectiveness of current ecological protection measures in the TRHR and support regional sustainable management policies.
