In accordance with a new compensation principle of discrete computations,the traditional meteo- rological global (pseudo-) spectral schemes of barotropic primitive equation (s) are transformed into perfect energy cons...In accordance with a new compensation principle of discrete computations,the traditional meteo- rological global (pseudo-) spectral schemes of barotropic primitive equation (s) are transformed into perfect energy conservative fidelity schemes,thus resolving the problems of both nonlinear computa- tional instability and incomplete energy conservation,and raising the computational efficiency of the traditional schemes. As the numerical tests of the new schemes demonstrate,in solving the problem of energy conser- vation in operational computations,the new schemes can eliminate the (nonlinear) computational in- stability and,to some extent even the (nonlinear) computational diverging as found in the traditional schemes,Further contrasts between new and traditional schemes also indicate that,in discrete opera- tional computations,the new scheme in the case of nondivergence is capable of prolonging the valid in- tegral time of the corresponding traditional scheme,and eliminating certain kind of systematical com- putational“climate drift”,meanwhile increasing its computational accuracy and reducing its amount of computation.The working principle of this paper is also applicable to the problem concerning baroclin- ic primitive equations.展开更多
Dynamic time warping(DTW)spends most of the time in generating the correlation table,and it establishes the global path constraints to reduce the time complexity.However,the global constraints restrain just in terms o...Dynamic time warping(DTW)spends most of the time in generating the correlation table,and it establishes the global path constraints to reduce the time complexity.However,the global constraints restrain just in terms of the time axis.In this paper,we therefore propose another version of DTW,to be called branch-and-bound DTW(BnB-DTW),which adaptively controb its global path constraints by reflecting the contents of input patterns. Experimental results show that the suggested BnB-DTW algorithm performs more efficiently than other conventional DTW approaches while not increasing the optimal warping cost.展开更多
In parallel real-time database systems, concurrency control protocols must satisfy time constraints as well as the integrity constraints. The authors present a validation concurrency control(VCC) protocol, which can e...In parallel real-time database systems, concurrency control protocols must satisfy time constraints as well as the integrity constraints. The authors present a validation concurrency control(VCC) protocol, which can enhance the performance of real-time concurrency control mechanism by reducing the number of transactions that might miss their deadlines, and compare the performance of validation concurrency control protocol with that of HP2PL(High priority two phase locking) protocol and OCC-TI-WAIT-50(Optimistic concurrency control-time interval-wait-50) protocol under shared-disk architecture by simulation. The simulation results reveal that the protocol the author presented can effectively reduce the number of transactions restarting which might miss their deadlines and performs better than HP2PL and OCC-TI-WAIT-50. It works well when arrival rate of transaction is lesser than threshold. However, due to resource contention the percentage of missing deadline increases sharply when arrival rate is greater than the threshold.展开更多
In the study on functional low-carbon ergonomic validity in buildings,ergonomic validity is different from resource validity which is easy for quantitative analysis. To eliminate the complexity and uncertainty impacts...In the study on functional low-carbon ergonomic validity in buildings,ergonomic validity is different from resource validity which is easy for quantitative analysis. To eliminate the complexity and uncertainty impacts of human factors on quantitative study,it proposes a method of building a parameter of ergonomic validity—multi-effect time by using cardiotachometer to record heart rate change,being used to evaluate the functional low-carbon ergonomic validity targeting at the ontological characteristics of kitchen. This method is used to determine the physical consumption intensity( multi-effect) through heart rate incremental relation based on the principles of physiology and ergonomics,and to confirm the ergonomic validity of environmental factors by the time to complete standard work as well as multi-effect quantitative analysis. The test results show that,under the kitchen operating conditions,the multi-effect( ME) can properly reflect the real-time status of the operator and is easily operated; the parameters obtained are not significantly related to the physiological status of the operator,and multi-effect time( MT) is sensitive to the physical consumption brought about to the operator due to kitchen environmental factors; thus,it can be taken as an objective index,which is simple and easy to operate in residential kitchen functional low-carbon evaluation.展开更多
目的:将日常时间管理量表(Daily Time Management Scale,DTMS)进行汉化,并对其进行信效度检验。方法:遵循Brislin翻译模式进行量表翻译,通过专家咨询和预调查进行文化调适后形成中文版DTMS。采用便利抽样法,选取300例2型糖尿病病人进行...目的:将日常时间管理量表(Daily Time Management Scale,DTMS)进行汉化,并对其进行信效度检验。方法:遵循Brislin翻译模式进行量表翻译,通过专家咨询和预调查进行文化调适后形成中文版DTMS。采用便利抽样法,选取300例2型糖尿病病人进行横断面调查,分析中文版DTMS的信效度。结果:中文版DTMS项目分析结果显示所有条目均设计合理、区分度良好。量表条目水平的内容效度指数(I-CVI)为0.875~1.000,量表内容效度指数(S-CVI)为0.928。探索性因子分析共提取3个公因子,累计方差贡献率为64.695%。总量表的Cronbach's α系数为0.864,3个维度的Cronbach's α系数分别为0.851,0.834,0.746;重测信度为0.845。中文版DTMS包括工作满意度与生活充实度的协调、生活节奏调整和全面考量的目标取向3个维度,共16个条目。结论:中文版DTMS在2型糖尿病病人中的应用具有良好的信效度,可作为评估2型糖尿病病人日常时间管理的有效工具。展开更多
目的汉化护理时间管理量表(nursing time management scale,NTMS),并对其信度和效度进行检验,为评估我国护士时间管理提供一种工具。方法2023年6月30日取得作者授权后,采用Brislin翻译模式,通过正向翻译、逆向翻译、跨文化调试和预试验...目的汉化护理时间管理量表(nursing time management scale,NTMS),并对其信度和效度进行检验,为评估我国护士时间管理提供一种工具。方法2023年6月30日取得作者授权后,采用Brislin翻译模式,通过正向翻译、逆向翻译、跨文化调试和预试验等方法,形成中文版护理时间管理量表。2023年9月至2024年1月采用便利抽样法,在东莞市5家二级甲等以上医院中选取409名护士作为测试对象,对量表的信度和效度进行检验。结果409名护士完成研究。中文版护理时间管理量表包括3个维度,共15个条目,即护理工作计划与目标设定(6个条目)、护理工作组织(3个条目)和护理工作协调(6个条目)。平均量表内容效度指数为0.920,各条目水平的内容效度指数0.840~1.00。量表整体Cronbachα系数为0.894,折半信度为0.700,重测信度为0.942;各维度Cronbachα系数为0.781~0.901,折半信度为0.823~0.870,重测信度为0.692~0.965。在探索性因子分析中,探索性因子分析Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)值为0.904,Bartlett球形检验的统计量为3941.503(P<0.05),每个条目的因子载荷范围为0.629~0.838,累积方差贡献率达到67.672%。结论中文版护理时间管理量表具有良好的信度和效度,可作为护士时间管理的有效评估工具。展开更多
The petrol truck routing problem is an important part of the petrol supply chain.This study focuses on determining routes for distributing petrol products from a depot to petrol stations with the objective of minimizi...The petrol truck routing problem is an important part of the petrol supply chain.This study focuses on determining routes for distributing petrol products from a depot to petrol stations with the objective of minimizing the total travel cost and the fixed cost required to use the trucks.We propose a mathematical model that considers petrol trucks returning to a depot multiple times and develop a heuristic algorithm based on a local branch-and-bound search with a tabu list and the Metropolis acceptance criterion.In addition,an approach that accelerates the solution process by adding several valid inequalities is presented.In this study,the trucks are homogeneous and have two compartments,and each truck can execute at most three tasks daily.The sales company arranges the transfer amount and the time windows for each station.The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by comparing its results with the optimal results.In addition,a real-world case of routing petrol trucks in Beijing is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Teleoperation rendezvous and docking can be used as a backup for autonomous rendezvous and docking（RVD） for an unmanned spacecraft when the autonomous system is failure or for guiding the chaser docking with an unco...Teleoperation rendezvous and docking can be used as a backup for autonomous rendezvous and docking（RVD） for an unmanned spacecraft when the autonomous system is failure or for guiding the chaser docking with an uncooperative target.The theoretical model for analyzing the handling qualities in teleoperation RVD process is established based on the previous studies conducted by National Aeronautics and Space Administration（NASA）.The predictive factor is introduced to describe the pilot＇s predictive ability in the teleoperation tasks with time delay,which interrelates with the skills of a pilot and the predictive assist approach used in the tasks such as the predictive display method.Based on the semi-physical simulation system in our laboratory,900 experiments at two levels of time delay are carried out by 18 volunteers for validating the established model.The experimental results demonstrate the correctness of the theoretical model and indicate that a skilled pilot has a predictive ability of approximately 0.9 in teleoperation RVD tasks.The theoretical analysis shows that the handling qualities are greatly affected by the time delay and the predictive factor,and it is impossible to achieve a teleoperation RVD task for the skilled pilot when the time delay is larger than 9.0 s.展开更多
基金Sponsored partly by Priority-Scientific-Projects for China's 7th and 8th Five-Year Plana Priority Project of the Director's Foundation of the Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘In accordance with a new compensation principle of discrete computations,the traditional meteo- rological global (pseudo-) spectral schemes of barotropic primitive equation (s) are transformed into perfect energy conservative fidelity schemes,thus resolving the problems of both nonlinear computa- tional instability and incomplete energy conservation,and raising the computational efficiency of the traditional schemes. As the numerical tests of the new schemes demonstrate,in solving the problem of energy conser- vation in operational computations,the new schemes can eliminate the (nonlinear) computational in- stability and,to some extent even the (nonlinear) computational diverging as found in the traditional schemes,Further contrasts between new and traditional schemes also indicate that,in discrete opera- tional computations,the new scheme in the case of nondivergence is capable of prolonging the valid in- tegral time of the corresponding traditional scheme,and eliminating certain kind of systematical com- putational“climate drift”,meanwhile increasing its computational accuracy and reducing its amount of computation.The working principle of this paper is also applicable to the problem concerning baroclin- ic primitive equations.
文摘Dynamic time warping(DTW)spends most of the time in generating the correlation table,and it establishes the global path constraints to reduce the time complexity.However,the global constraints restrain just in terms of the time axis.In this paper,we therefore propose another version of DTW,to be called branch-and-bound DTW(BnB-DTW),which adaptively controb its global path constraints by reflecting the contents of input patterns. Experimental results show that the suggested BnB-DTW algorithm performs more efficiently than other conventional DTW approaches while not increasing the optimal warping cost.
文摘In parallel real-time database systems, concurrency control protocols must satisfy time constraints as well as the integrity constraints. The authors present a validation concurrency control(VCC) protocol, which can enhance the performance of real-time concurrency control mechanism by reducing the number of transactions that might miss their deadlines, and compare the performance of validation concurrency control protocol with that of HP2PL(High priority two phase locking) protocol and OCC-TI-WAIT-50(Optimistic concurrency control-time interval-wait-50) protocol under shared-disk architecture by simulation. The simulation results reveal that the protocol the author presented can effectively reduce the number of transactions restarting which might miss their deadlines and performs better than HP2PL and OCC-TI-WAIT-50. It works well when arrival rate of transaction is lesser than threshold. However, due to resource contention the percentage of missing deadline increases sharply when arrival rate is greater than the threshold.
基金Sponsored by the "Twelfth Five-year" National Science and Technology Supoort Programe(Grant No.2011BAJ05B02-03)
文摘In the study on functional low-carbon ergonomic validity in buildings,ergonomic validity is different from resource validity which is easy for quantitative analysis. To eliminate the complexity and uncertainty impacts of human factors on quantitative study,it proposes a method of building a parameter of ergonomic validity—multi-effect time by using cardiotachometer to record heart rate change,being used to evaluate the functional low-carbon ergonomic validity targeting at the ontological characteristics of kitchen. This method is used to determine the physical consumption intensity( multi-effect) through heart rate incremental relation based on the principles of physiology and ergonomics,and to confirm the ergonomic validity of environmental factors by the time to complete standard work as well as multi-effect quantitative analysis. The test results show that,under the kitchen operating conditions,the multi-effect( ME) can properly reflect the real-time status of the operator and is easily operated; the parameters obtained are not significantly related to the physiological status of the operator,and multi-effect time( MT) is sensitive to the physical consumption brought about to the operator due to kitchen environmental factors; thus,it can be taken as an objective index,which is simple and easy to operate in residential kitchen functional low-carbon evaluation.
文摘目的:利用均相时间分辨荧光免疫分析技术建立依柯胰岛素生物学活性检测方法。方法:以CHO-INSR B1284细胞系为靶细胞,通过对药物的量效范围、刺激时间、靶细胞接种密度进行优化建立依柯胰岛素测活方法,根据《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版四部通则9401开展全面的方法学验证,并将本研究建立的方法应用于依柯胰岛素原料药、注射液及其他人胰岛素类似物的相对效价测定。结果:依柯胰岛素在该方法中存在量效关系,且符合四参数方程y=(A-D)/[1+(x/C)B]+D。该方法具有良好的专属性,5个效价水平(50%,80%,100%,125%,200%)的几何均值、相对偏倚、几何变异系数(geometric coefficients of variation,GCV,%)均符合《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版四部通则9401的要求。采用该方法检测3批依柯胰岛素原料药和3批制剂的相对效价,所得剂量-效应曲线的线性、回归性和平行性均可通过可靠性测验,能有效检测依柯胰岛素及其他胰岛素类似物的生物学活性。结论:本研究建立的依柯胰岛素生物学活性检测方法操作简便、耗时短、准确度高、精密度好,可作为依柯胰岛素的生物学活性评价方法。
文摘目的汉化护理时间管理量表(nursing time management scale,NTMS),并对其信度和效度进行检验,为评估我国护士时间管理提供一种工具。方法2023年6月30日取得作者授权后,采用Brislin翻译模式,通过正向翻译、逆向翻译、跨文化调试和预试验等方法,形成中文版护理时间管理量表。2023年9月至2024年1月采用便利抽样法,在东莞市5家二级甲等以上医院中选取409名护士作为测试对象,对量表的信度和效度进行检验。结果409名护士完成研究。中文版护理时间管理量表包括3个维度,共15个条目,即护理工作计划与目标设定(6个条目)、护理工作组织(3个条目)和护理工作协调(6个条目)。平均量表内容效度指数为0.920,各条目水平的内容效度指数0.840~1.00。量表整体Cronbachα系数为0.894,折半信度为0.700,重测信度为0.942;各维度Cronbachα系数为0.781~0.901,折半信度为0.823~0.870,重测信度为0.692~0.965。在探索性因子分析中,探索性因子分析Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)值为0.904,Bartlett球形检验的统计量为3941.503(P<0.05),每个条目的因子载荷范围为0.629~0.838,累积方差贡献率达到67.672%。结论中文版护理时间管理量表具有良好的信度和效度,可作为护士时间管理的有效评估工具。
基金the Program of “Study on Optimization and Supply-side Reliability of Oil Product Supply Chain Logistics System” funded under the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant Number 51874325
文摘The petrol truck routing problem is an important part of the petrol supply chain.This study focuses on determining routes for distributing petrol products from a depot to petrol stations with the objective of minimizing the total travel cost and the fixed cost required to use the trucks.We propose a mathematical model that considers petrol trucks returning to a depot multiple times and develop a heuristic algorithm based on a local branch-and-bound search with a tabu list and the Metropolis acceptance criterion.In addition,an approach that accelerates the solution process by adding several valid inequalities is presented.In this study,the trucks are homogeneous and have two compartments,and each truck can execute at most three tasks daily.The sales company arranges the transfer amount and the time windows for each station.The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by comparing its results with the optimal results.In addition,a real-world case of routing petrol trucks in Beijing is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
文摘Teleoperation rendezvous and docking can be used as a backup for autonomous rendezvous and docking（RVD） for an unmanned spacecraft when the autonomous system is failure or for guiding the chaser docking with an uncooperative target.The theoretical model for analyzing the handling qualities in teleoperation RVD process is established based on the previous studies conducted by National Aeronautics and Space Administration（NASA）.The predictive factor is introduced to describe the pilot＇s predictive ability in the teleoperation tasks with time delay,which interrelates with the skills of a pilot and the predictive assist approach used in the tasks such as the predictive display method.Based on the semi-physical simulation system in our laboratory,900 experiments at two levels of time delay are carried out by 18 volunteers for validating the established model.The experimental results demonstrate the correctness of the theoretical model and indicate that a skilled pilot has a predictive ability of approximately 0.9 in teleoperation RVD tasks.The theoretical analysis shows that the handling qualities are greatly affected by the time delay and the predictive factor,and it is impossible to achieve a teleoperation RVD task for the skilled pilot when the time delay is larger than 9.0 s.
