Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic predictive value in the identification of puberty disorders by means of ELISA of β-FSH subunit levels in successively collected urine samples compared to RIA of intact FSH in ser...Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic predictive value in the identification of puberty disorders by means of ELISA of β-FSH subunit levels in successively collected urine samples compared to RIA of intact FSH in serum obtained from the normal control subjects and patients with puberty disorders, respectively.Subjects and Methods: Five male and four female volunteers were recruited as controls. Four patients with the hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, five patients with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, four patients with the central precocious puberty and one patient with isosexual peripheral precocious puberty collected successively their early-morning urine samples for 30 to 32 days.The urine β-FSH subunit was assayed with the method of ELISA, then adjusted by creatinine (Cr) concentration.Results:Comparing with their cotemporary groups, patients with the hypogonadotropic hypogonadism had lower levels of urine β-FSH, and patients with idiopathic hypergonadism had higher levels with irregular fluctuation. Meanwhile, patients with the central precocious puberty had much higher levels of urine β-FSH with irregular peaks, and patients with isosexual peripheral precocious puberty had almost normal levels. The patterns were coincident with the clinical characteristics and serum FSH levels.Conclusion: The ELISA of urine β-FSH subunit possesses a number of advantages over the RIA of serum FSH level, such as low cost, simplicity and reliability in the clinical practice. It can be used for the diagnoses of puberty disorders. In addition, it is possible and much easier, comparing with blood samples, to collect successively urine samples for research of pathophysiological dynamics of FSH secretion in puberty disorders and other reproductive dysfunction.展开更多
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is a complex, heterogeneous and multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Although th...Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is a complex, heterogeneous and multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Although the first clinical description of a constellation of symptoms highly resembling to what currently could be diagnosed as ADHD is generally attributed to George F Still in 1902, there are scattered but significant published historical medical, scientific and non-scientific reports, much prior to Still's lectures, of what is currently conceptualized as ADHD. The present report aimed at exploring the early history of ADHD, prior to the 20^(th) century in the medical literature and in other historical sources, to provide clinicians, researchers and other professionals with a better understanding of the roots and current conceptualization of this disorder. It is possible to find clues and highly suggestive descriptions of individuals presenting symptoms resembling what is currently defined as ADHD in the literature, in paintings or in the Bible. However, the earliest medical reports of individuals with abnormal degrees of inattention, distractibility and overactivity date from the last quarter of the 18^(th) century, included in two of the first textbooks specifically on the subject of mental diseases, published by the German Melchior Adam Weikard and the Scottish Sir Alexander Crichton. During the 19^(th) century some eminent physicians from Germany, France or Great Britain, such as Charles West, Thomas C Albutt, Thomas S Clouston, William W, Ireland, John Haslam, Heinrich Neumann, or Désiré-Magloire Bourneville, among others provided clinical depictions of patients that most likely presently would be diagnosed as having ADHD. Whilst some of the children described by Still and his predecessors may have suffered from a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders, many of these patients showed clear symptoms of ADHD and may present with comorbid disorders, as it is commonly the case in clinical practice.展开更多
BACKGROUND Maple syrup urine disease(MSUD)is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder that affects branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)metabolism and is named after the distinctive sweet odor of affected infants’urine.This dis...BACKGROUND Maple syrup urine disease(MSUD)is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder that affects branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)metabolism and is named after the distinctive sweet odor of affected infants’urine.This disease is characterized by the accumulation of BCAAs and corresponding branched-chain ketoacids of leucine,isoleucine,and valine in the plasma,urine,and cerebrospinal fluid.However,the mechanisms of MSUD-induced brain damage remain poorly defined.The accumulation of BCAAs in the brain inhibits the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase andα-ketoglutarate,disrupting the citric acid cycle and consequently impacting the synthesis of amino acids,causing cerebral edema and abnormal myelination.CASE SUMMARY We report three neonates admitted to our hospital with the classic subtype of MSUD.All three patients,with a transient normal period,presented with poor feeding,vomiting,poor weight gain,and increasing lethargy after birth.Laboratory testing revealed metabolic acidosis.The serum tandem mass spectrometry amino acid profile showed elevated plasma levels of BCAAs(leucine,isoleucine,and valine).Brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)presented abnormal signals mainly involving the globus pallidus,thalamus,internal capsule,brainstem,and cerebellar white matter,which represent the typical myelinated areas in normal full-term neonates.CONCLUSION In our patients,MRI showed typical features,in concordance with the available literature.Early detection and timely treatment are very helpful for the prognosis of MSUD patients.Therefore,we discuss the neuroimaging features of MSUD to enhance the knowledge of pediatricians about this disease.展开更多
OBJECTIVE：To identify global trends in research on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder, through a bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science. DATA RETRIEVAL：We performed a bibliometric analysis of stud...OBJECTIVE：To identify global trends in research on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder, through a bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science. DATA RETRIEVAL：We performed a bibliometric analysis of studies on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder using the Web of Science.Data retrieval was performed using key words＂spinal cord injury＂,＂spinal injury＂,＂neurogenic bladder＂,＂neuropathic bladder＂,＂neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction＂,＂neurogenic voiding dysfunction＂,＂neurogenic urination disorder＂and ＂neurogenic vesicourethral dysfunction＂. SELECTION CRITERIA：Inclusion criteria：（a）published peer-reviewed articles on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder indexed in the Web of Science;（b）type of articles：original research articles and reviews;（c）year of publication：no limitation.Exclusion criteria：（a）articles that required manual searching or telephone access;（b）Corrected papers and book chapters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：（1）Annual publication output;（2）distribution according to journals; （3）distribution according to subject areas;（4）distribution according to country;（5）distribution according to institution;and（6）top cited publications. RESULTS：There were 646 research articles addressing spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder in the Web of Science.Research on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder was found in the Science Citation Index-Expanded as of 1946.The United States,Ireland and Switzerland were the three major countries contributing to studies in spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder in the 1970s.However,in the 1990s,the United States,the United Kingdom,the Netherlands,Germany and Japan published more papers on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder than Switzerland,and Ireland fell off the top ten countries list.In this century,the United States ranks first in spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder studies,followed by France,the United Kingdom,Germany,Switzerland and Japan.Subject categories including urology, nephrology and clinical neurology,as well as rehabilitation,are represented in spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder studies. CONCLUSION：From our analysis of the literature and research trends,we conclude that spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder is a hot topic that will continue to generate considerable research interest in the future.展开更多
Since 1999, the authors have used electricacupuncture to treat 36 cases of female urethralsyndrome with good therapeutic effects as comparedto that of the routine treatment. The following is areport of it.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the common Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) syndromes and analyze their relationship to clinical and pathological manifestations in children with IgAnephropathy.METHODS:Forty five children diagn...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the common Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) syndromes and analyze their relationship to clinical and pathological manifestations in children with IgAnephropathy.METHODS:Forty five children diagnosed as having primary IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy for the first time were enrolled in this trial,and their TCM syndromes were evaluated and the distribution of TCM syndromes was observed.All the sick children were growed? according to clinical manifestations and pathological damages,and the differences in TCM syndromes were compared between the groups.RESULTS:The first 5 TCM symptoms were common cold,hyperhidrosis,red dry throat,dark yellow urine and lassitude.In the acute nephritis group,edema and aching pain in loin and knees were significant(P=0.021 and P=0.000).In the severe pathological damage group,edema was obvious(P= 0.004),and 24 h urinary protein was positively correlated with edema(P=0.015) while negatively with common cold(P=0,007).The score of mesangial cell proliferation was correlated with edema,red dry throat and common cold(P=0.006,0.013 and 0.029 respectively).The score of segmental pathological change was positively correlated with edema(P=0.039).CONCLUSION:Common cold,hyperhidrosis,red dry throat,dark yellow urine,lassitude and other symptoms of qi deficiency of the spleen and lung mainly seen in children with IgA nephropathy may bear a close relationship to clinical manifestations and pathological damages.展开更多
Among 180 patients with female urethral syndrome, 128 were treated by acupuncture and moxibustion and 52 by western medicine as controls. The short-term effective rate in the acupuncture and moxibustion group was 90.6...Among 180 patients with female urethral syndrome, 128 were treated by acupuncture and moxibustion and 52 by western medicine as controls. The short-term effective rate in the acupuncture and moxibustion group was 90.6% and the long-term effective rate, 80.4%; whereas the short-term effective rate of the control group was 26.9% (P 0.05). Sixty-nine cases from the acupuncture and moxibustion group and 39 from the control group were subjected before and after treatment to determinations of the maximal bladder pressure, maximal abdominal pressure, bladder-neck pressure, and maximal urethral closure pressure during urination. All these indexes were decreased remarkably in the acupuncture and moxibustion group, while no changes were observed in the control group.展开更多
Background： Urination disorders are common in Parkinson＇s disease （PD） and respond poorly to medication. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for urination disorders in PD. Methods： Ninety-one patients wi...Background： Urination disorders are common in Parkinson＇s disease （PD） and respond poorly to medication. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for urination disorders in PD. Methods： Ninety-one patients with PD （aged 34-83 years old） were recruited. Patients were assessed with the Unified PD Rating Scale （UPDRS）, Hoehn and Yahr stage, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQ1）, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale （HAMD）, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）. Micturition number was recorded, and Type B ultrasound was used to evaluate residual urine. Statistics was performed using binary logistic regression, bivariate correlations, and Chi-square and t-tests. Results： Of 91 patients, urinary dysfunction occurred in 55.0%. Among these, 49.5% suffered with nocturia, 47.3% with pollakiuria. Nocturia number had a positive linear relationship with HAMA score （odds ratio [OR] = 0.340, P = 0.001 ）, HAMD score （OR = 0.323, P = 0.002）, duration of L-dopa medication （OR = 0.328, P = 0.001 ）, dose of L-dopa （OR = 0.273, P = 0.009）, UPDRS-II （OR = 0.402, P = 0.000）, UPDRS-III score （OR = 0.291, P = 0.005）, and PSQI score （OR = 0.249, P = 0.017）. Micturition number over 24 h was positively associated with HAMA （OR = 0.303, P = 0.004） and UPDRS-II scores （OR = 0.306, P = 0.003）. Of patients with residual urine, 79.3% had a volume of residual urine 〈50 ml. Residual urine was present in 44.4% of the patients with nocturia~ 46.5% of the patients with pollakiuria, and 80.0% of the patients with dysuria. More men than women had residual urine （35.2% male vs. 13.3% female; P = 0.002）. Conclusions： Nocturia and pollakiuria were common micturition symptoms in our participants with PD. Nocturia was associated with depression, anxiety, sleep problems, and severity of PD. Pollakiuria was associated with anxiety and severity of PD. Male patients were more prone to residual urine and pollakiuria.展开更多
基金This study was supported by Funds from Jiangsu Province 135Medical Key Program (Project No. RC2002076), Department
文摘Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic predictive value in the identification of puberty disorders by means of ELISA of β-FSH subunit levels in successively collected urine samples compared to RIA of intact FSH in serum obtained from the normal control subjects and patients with puberty disorders, respectively.Subjects and Methods: Five male and four female volunteers were recruited as controls. Four patients with the hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, five patients with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, four patients with the central precocious puberty and one patient with isosexual peripheral precocious puberty collected successively their early-morning urine samples for 30 to 32 days.The urine β-FSH subunit was assayed with the method of ELISA, then adjusted by creatinine (Cr) concentration.Results:Comparing with their cotemporary groups, patients with the hypogonadotropic hypogonadism had lower levels of urine β-FSH, and patients with idiopathic hypergonadism had higher levels with irregular fluctuation. Meanwhile, patients with the central precocious puberty had much higher levels of urine β-FSH with irregular peaks, and patients with isosexual peripheral precocious puberty had almost normal levels. The patterns were coincident with the clinical characteristics and serum FSH levels.Conclusion: The ELISA of urine β-FSH subunit possesses a number of advantages over the RIA of serum FSH level, such as low cost, simplicity and reliability in the clinical practice. It can be used for the diagnoses of puberty disorders. In addition, it is possible and much easier, comparing with blood samples, to collect successively urine samples for research of pathophysiological dynamics of FSH secretion in puberty disorders and other reproductive dysfunction.
文摘Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is a complex, heterogeneous and multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Although the first clinical description of a constellation of symptoms highly resembling to what currently could be diagnosed as ADHD is generally attributed to George F Still in 1902, there are scattered but significant published historical medical, scientific and non-scientific reports, much prior to Still's lectures, of what is currently conceptualized as ADHD. The present report aimed at exploring the early history of ADHD, prior to the 20^(th) century in the medical literature and in other historical sources, to provide clinicians, researchers and other professionals with a better understanding of the roots and current conceptualization of this disorder. It is possible to find clues and highly suggestive descriptions of individuals presenting symptoms resembling what is currently defined as ADHD in the literature, in paintings or in the Bible. However, the earliest medical reports of individuals with abnormal degrees of inattention, distractibility and overactivity date from the last quarter of the 18^(th) century, included in two of the first textbooks specifically on the subject of mental diseases, published by the German Melchior Adam Weikard and the Scottish Sir Alexander Crichton. During the 19^(th) century some eminent physicians from Germany, France or Great Britain, such as Charles West, Thomas C Albutt, Thomas S Clouston, William W, Ireland, John Haslam, Heinrich Neumann, or Désiré-Magloire Bourneville, among others provided clinical depictions of patients that most likely presently would be diagnosed as having ADHD. Whilst some of the children described by Still and his predecessors may have suffered from a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders, many of these patients showed clear symptoms of ADHD and may present with comorbid disorders, as it is commonly the case in clinical practice.
文摘BACKGROUND Maple syrup urine disease(MSUD)is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder that affects branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)metabolism and is named after the distinctive sweet odor of affected infants’urine.This disease is characterized by the accumulation of BCAAs and corresponding branched-chain ketoacids of leucine,isoleucine,and valine in the plasma,urine,and cerebrospinal fluid.However,the mechanisms of MSUD-induced brain damage remain poorly defined.The accumulation of BCAAs in the brain inhibits the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase andα-ketoglutarate,disrupting the citric acid cycle and consequently impacting the synthesis of amino acids,causing cerebral edema and abnormal myelination.CASE SUMMARY We report three neonates admitted to our hospital with the classic subtype of MSUD.All three patients,with a transient normal period,presented with poor feeding,vomiting,poor weight gain,and increasing lethargy after birth.Laboratory testing revealed metabolic acidosis.The serum tandem mass spectrometry amino acid profile showed elevated plasma levels of BCAAs(leucine,isoleucine,and valine).Brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)presented abnormal signals mainly involving the globus pallidus,thalamus,internal capsule,brainstem,and cerebellar white matter,which represent the typical myelinated areas in normal full-term neonates.CONCLUSION In our patients,MRI showed typical features,in concordance with the available literature.Early detection and timely treatment are very helpful for the prognosis of MSUD patients.Therefore,we discuss the neuroimaging features of MSUD to enhance the knowledge of pediatricians about this disease.
文摘OBJECTIVE：To identify global trends in research on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder, through a bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science. DATA RETRIEVAL：We performed a bibliometric analysis of studies on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder using the Web of Science.Data retrieval was performed using key words＂spinal cord injury＂,＂spinal injury＂,＂neurogenic bladder＂,＂neuropathic bladder＂,＂neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction＂,＂neurogenic voiding dysfunction＂,＂neurogenic urination disorder＂and ＂neurogenic vesicourethral dysfunction＂. SELECTION CRITERIA：Inclusion criteria：（a）published peer-reviewed articles on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder indexed in the Web of Science;（b）type of articles：original research articles and reviews;（c）year of publication：no limitation.Exclusion criteria：（a）articles that required manual searching or telephone access;（b）Corrected papers and book chapters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：（1）Annual publication output;（2）distribution according to journals; （3）distribution according to subject areas;（4）distribution according to country;（5）distribution according to institution;and（6）top cited publications. RESULTS：There were 646 research articles addressing spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder in the Web of Science.Research on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder was found in the Science Citation Index-Expanded as of 1946.The United States,Ireland and Switzerland were the three major countries contributing to studies in spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder in the 1970s.However,in the 1990s,the United States,the United Kingdom,the Netherlands,Germany and Japan published more papers on spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder than Switzerland,and Ireland fell off the top ten countries list.In this century,the United States ranks first in spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder studies,followed by France,the United Kingdom,Germany,Switzerland and Japan.Subject categories including urology, nephrology and clinical neurology,as well as rehabilitation,are represented in spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder studies. CONCLUSION：From our analysis of the literature and research trends,we conclude that spinal cord injury-induced neurogenic bladder is a hot topic that will continue to generate considerable research interest in the future.
文摘Since 1999, the authors have used electricacupuncture to treat 36 cases of female urethralsyndrome with good therapeutic effects as comparedto that of the routine treatment. The following is areport of it.
基金Supported by the Project of Capital Medical Development Fund(TCMType,SF-2007Ⅱ -07)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the common Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) syndromes and analyze their relationship to clinical and pathological manifestations in children with IgAnephropathy.METHODS:Forty five children diagnosed as having primary IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy for the first time were enrolled in this trial,and their TCM syndromes were evaluated and the distribution of TCM syndromes was observed.All the sick children were growed? according to clinical manifestations and pathological damages,and the differences in TCM syndromes were compared between the groups.RESULTS:The first 5 TCM symptoms were common cold,hyperhidrosis,red dry throat,dark yellow urine and lassitude.In the acute nephritis group,edema and aching pain in loin and knees were significant(P=0.021 and P=0.000).In the severe pathological damage group,edema was obvious(P= 0.004),and 24 h urinary protein was positively correlated with edema(P=0.015) while negatively with common cold(P=0,007).The score of mesangial cell proliferation was correlated with edema,red dry throat and common cold(P=0.006,0.013 and 0.029 respectively).The score of segmental pathological change was positively correlated with edema(P=0.039).CONCLUSION:Common cold,hyperhidrosis,red dry throat,dark yellow urine,lassitude and other symptoms of qi deficiency of the spleen and lung mainly seen in children with IgA nephropathy may bear a close relationship to clinical manifestations and pathological damages.
文摘Among 180 patients with female urethral syndrome, 128 were treated by acupuncture and moxibustion and 52 by western medicine as controls. The short-term effective rate in the acupuncture and moxibustion group was 90.6% and the long-term effective rate, 80.4%; whereas the short-term effective rate of the control group was 26.9% (P 0.05). Sixty-nine cases from the acupuncture and moxibustion group and 39 from the control group were subjected before and after treatment to determinations of the maximal bladder pressure, maximal abdominal pressure, bladder-neck pressure, and maximal urethral closure pressure during urination. All these indexes were decreased remarkably in the acupuncture and moxibustion group, while no changes were observed in the control group.
文摘Background： Urination disorders are common in Parkinson＇s disease （PD） and respond poorly to medication. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for urination disorders in PD. Methods： Ninety-one patients with PD （aged 34-83 years old） were recruited. Patients were assessed with the Unified PD Rating Scale （UPDRS）, Hoehn and Yahr stage, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQ1）, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale （HAMD）, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）. Micturition number was recorded, and Type B ultrasound was used to evaluate residual urine. Statistics was performed using binary logistic regression, bivariate correlations, and Chi-square and t-tests. Results： Of 91 patients, urinary dysfunction occurred in 55.0%. Among these, 49.5% suffered with nocturia, 47.3% with pollakiuria. Nocturia number had a positive linear relationship with HAMA score （odds ratio [OR] = 0.340, P = 0.001 ）, HAMD score （OR = 0.323, P = 0.002）, duration of L-dopa medication （OR = 0.328, P = 0.001 ）, dose of L-dopa （OR = 0.273, P = 0.009）, UPDRS-II （OR = 0.402, P = 0.000）, UPDRS-III score （OR = 0.291, P = 0.005）, and PSQI score （OR = 0.249, P = 0.017）. Micturition number over 24 h was positively associated with HAMA （OR = 0.303, P = 0.004） and UPDRS-II scores （OR = 0.306, P = 0.003）. Of patients with residual urine, 79.3% had a volume of residual urine 〈50 ml. Residual urine was present in 44.4% of the patients with nocturia~ 46.5% of the patients with pollakiuria, and 80.0% of the patients with dysuria. More men than women had residual urine （35.2% male vs. 13.3% female; P = 0.002）. Conclusions： Nocturia and pollakiuria were common micturition symptoms in our participants with PD. Nocturia was associated with depression, anxiety, sleep problems, and severity of PD. Pollakiuria was associated with anxiety and severity of PD. Male patients were more prone to residual urine and pollakiuria.
