Objective:Previous studies have demonstrated that the metals cadmium and arsenic exhibit estrogen-like effects and may influence the occurrence and development of gynecological tumors.This study aims to explore the as...Objective:Previous studies have demonstrated that the metals cadmium and arsenic exhibit estrogen-like effects and may influence the occurrence and development of gynecological tumors.This study aims to explore the association between urinary cadmium and arsenic levels and the prevalence of gynecologic cancers using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).Methods:Data from female participants in NHANES 2003—2018 were analyzed.Using R software,datasets(DEMO,BMX,etc.)were merged,and complete cases were retained by intersecting row names,yielding a total of 2999 participants.After applying strict exclusion criteria,2802 participants were included:83 with gynecologic cancer(cancer group)and 2719 without(control group).Demographic,reproductive health,and urinary cadmium and arsenic data were collected.Binary Logistic regression models were employed to assess associations between urinary cadmium and arsenic levels and gynecologic cancer risk.Results:High urinary cadmium and arsenic levels were risk factors for gynecologic cancers,with odds ratios(ORs)of 1.623(95%CI 1.217 to 2.166)and 1.003(95%CI 1.001 to 1.005),respectively.After propensity score matching(PSM),the trend remained;cadmium was still a statistically significant risk factor with an OR of 2.182(95%CI 1.343 to 3.545),while arsenic’s association,though not statistically significant,still trended toward risk(OR=1.004,95%CI 0.999 to 1.009).Subgroup analyses showed that both cadmium and arsenic were risk factors for ovarian cancer(OR=1.745,95%CI 1.178 to 2.586 and OR=1.005,95%CI 1.002 to 1.008,respectively);these associations persisted after PSM.Additionally,cadmium increased the risk of endometrial cancer(OR=1.617,95%CI 1.109 to 2.356).Conclusion:Exposure to cadmium and arsenic is associated with an increased risk of ovarian and endometrial cancers.These findings suggest that reducing environmental exposure to heavy metals such as cadmium and arsenic may help prevent certain gynecologic cancers.展开更多
Background Several studies have suggested that the exposure to cadmium （Cd） increased mortalities from renal diseases, cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasm, including lung cancer and prostate cancer among ...Background Several studies have suggested that the exposure to cadmium （Cd） increased mortalities from renal diseases, cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasm, including lung cancer and prostate cancer among inhabitants living in Cd-polluted areas and factory workers. This study aimed to assess the influence of environmental exposure to Cd on long term outcome of inhabitants living in an area polluted by Cd. Methods A 22-year follow-up study was conducted with 3119 inhabitants （1403 men and 1716 women） living in the Cd polluted Kakehashi River basin in Japan. The subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the amount of urinary Cd level （〈3.0 μg/g creatinine （Cr）, 3.0-4.9 μg/g Cr, 5.0-9.9 μg/g Cr, and -〉10.0 μg/g Cr）. Mortality was calculated by the person-years method. Hazards ratios （HR） and 95% confidence intervals （CI） were assessed by the Cox＇s proportional hazard model. Results Compared with urinary Cd 〈3.0 μg/g Cr group, the HR of 5.0-9.9μg/g Cr and 〉10.0 μg/g Cr groups were significantly increased after adjustment for age in both sexes： 1.24 （95% Cl 1.01-1.51） and 1.48 （95% CI 1.17-1.90） for men; 1.64 （95% CI 1.17-2.28） and 1.78 （95% Cl 1.27-2.50） for women. The most frequent cause of death was malignant neoplasm in men and cardiovascular diseases in women. The significant increase in mortality risk for cardiovascular diseases was observed in the subjects with 〉10 μg/g Cr in both sexes： 1.79 for men （95% Cl 1.02-3.12） and 2.38 for women （95% Cl 1.11-5.07）. When the subjects were divided into 2 categories （〈20μg/g Cr and 〉20 μg/g Cr）, the HR of the urinary Cd 〉20 μg/g Cr group for nephritis and nephrosis were 4.82 （95% Cl 1.07-21.61） in men and 7.92 （95% Cl 1.77-35.33） in women, respectively. The significant increase was not observed for malignant neoplasm. Conclusion These results suggest a dose-response relationship between Cd body burden and mortality for cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and nephritis and nephrosis.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,China(2020SK2073).
文摘Objective:Previous studies have demonstrated that the metals cadmium and arsenic exhibit estrogen-like effects and may influence the occurrence and development of gynecological tumors.This study aims to explore the association between urinary cadmium and arsenic levels and the prevalence of gynecologic cancers using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES).Methods:Data from female participants in NHANES 2003—2018 were analyzed.Using R software,datasets(DEMO,BMX,etc.)were merged,and complete cases were retained by intersecting row names,yielding a total of 2999 participants.After applying strict exclusion criteria,2802 participants were included:83 with gynecologic cancer(cancer group)and 2719 without(control group).Demographic,reproductive health,and urinary cadmium and arsenic data were collected.Binary Logistic regression models were employed to assess associations between urinary cadmium and arsenic levels and gynecologic cancer risk.Results:High urinary cadmium and arsenic levels were risk factors for gynecologic cancers,with odds ratios(ORs)of 1.623(95%CI 1.217 to 2.166)and 1.003(95%CI 1.001 to 1.005),respectively.After propensity score matching(PSM),the trend remained;cadmium was still a statistically significant risk factor with an OR of 2.182(95%CI 1.343 to 3.545),while arsenic’s association,though not statistically significant,still trended toward risk(OR=1.004,95%CI 0.999 to 1.009).Subgroup analyses showed that both cadmium and arsenic were risk factors for ovarian cancer(OR=1.745,95%CI 1.178 to 2.586 and OR=1.005,95%CI 1.002 to 1.008,respectively);these associations persisted after PSM.Additionally,cadmium increased the risk of endometrial cancer(OR=1.617,95%CI 1.109 to 2.356).Conclusion:Exposure to cadmium and arsenic is associated with an increased risk of ovarian and endometrial cancers.These findings suggest that reducing environmental exposure to heavy metals such as cadmium and arsenic may help prevent certain gynecologic cancers.
文摘Background Several studies have suggested that the exposure to cadmium （Cd） increased mortalities from renal diseases, cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasm, including lung cancer and prostate cancer among inhabitants living in Cd-polluted areas and factory workers. This study aimed to assess the influence of environmental exposure to Cd on long term outcome of inhabitants living in an area polluted by Cd. Methods A 22-year follow-up study was conducted with 3119 inhabitants （1403 men and 1716 women） living in the Cd polluted Kakehashi River basin in Japan. The subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the amount of urinary Cd level （〈3.0 μg/g creatinine （Cr）, 3.0-4.9 μg/g Cr, 5.0-9.9 μg/g Cr, and -〉10.0 μg/g Cr）. Mortality was calculated by the person-years method. Hazards ratios （HR） and 95% confidence intervals （CI） were assessed by the Cox＇s proportional hazard model. Results Compared with urinary Cd 〈3.0 μg/g Cr group, the HR of 5.0-9.9μg/g Cr and 〉10.0 μg/g Cr groups were significantly increased after adjustment for age in both sexes： 1.24 （95% Cl 1.01-1.51） and 1.48 （95% CI 1.17-1.90） for men; 1.64 （95% CI 1.17-2.28） and 1.78 （95% Cl 1.27-2.50） for women. The most frequent cause of death was malignant neoplasm in men and cardiovascular diseases in women. The significant increase in mortality risk for cardiovascular diseases was observed in the subjects with 〉10 μg/g Cr in both sexes： 1.79 for men （95% Cl 1.02-3.12） and 2.38 for women （95% Cl 1.11-5.07）. When the subjects were divided into 2 categories （〈20μg/g Cr and 〉20 μg/g Cr）, the HR of the urinary Cd 〉20 μg/g Cr group for nephritis and nephrosis were 4.82 （95% Cl 1.07-21.61） in men and 7.92 （95% Cl 1.77-35.33） in women, respectively. The significant increase was not observed for malignant neoplasm. Conclusion These results suggest a dose-response relationship between Cd body burden and mortality for cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and nephritis and nephrosis.
