Recurrent spontaneous abortion is a common disease in gynecology,and it seriously affects women's reproductive health and brings heavy burden and pain to society and families.The cause of recurrent spontaneous abo...Recurrent spontaneous abortion is a common disease in gynecology,and it seriously affects women's reproductive health and brings heavy burden and pain to society and families.The cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion is complicated,in addition to the well-defined genetic,anatomical,infection and endocrine factors,and there are still some unknown causes,which is called as unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion,accounting for 40%of recurrent abortion.At present,there are a lot of researches on the treatment methods of the patients with the unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion,which also shows that the treatment of traditional Chinese and Western medicine all have certain clinical application effect.Western medicine clinical methods mainly includes immunotherapy,immunosuppressive therapy,anticoagulation therapy,progesterone therapy,etc.Based on the experience of the professor and combined with many years of clinical practice,the author believes that the pathogenesis of this disease in traditional Chinese medicine is mainly due to impaired impulse and deficiency of Spleen,lack of qi and blood,can not nourishing the fetus;deficiency of Kidney Qi,blood flow was delayed,and blood stasis and could not raise the fetus.Clinical treatment is based on invigorating the kidney,tonifying spleen and nourishing blood,promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and dredging collaterals.Oral Chinese medicine combined with external acupuncture and moxibustion has achieved excellent effects in improving pregnancy rate.This article reviews the domestic and foreign methods of treating unexplained recurrent miscarriage in order to provide clinical reference.In the future,the combination of Chinese and Western medicine should become the main therapy to increase pregnancy rate.展开更多
Background Experimental evidence indicates that cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） plays a critical role in blastocyst implantation; however, little is known of the role of COX-2 in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion ...Background Experimental evidence indicates that cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） plays a critical role in blastocyst implantation; however, little is known of the role of COX-2 in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion （URSA）. Methods We evaluated the expression level and potential signaling pathway of COX-2 in 30 cases of URSA who were excluded the abnormality of chromosomes, anatomy, endocrine, infectious, autoimmune diseases and in 30 normal pregnancies. Results The mRNA and the protein expression level of COX-2 in the URSA group （-0.238±0.848, 0.368±0.089, respectively） were significantly lower than that in the control group （1.943±3.845, 1.046±0.108, respectively） （both, P 〈0.01）. The expression of prostaglandins PGF2a, PGD2, PGE2, and PGI2, in the URSA group （（2326.0±295.6） pg/ml, （2164.0±240.5） pg/ml, （238.7±26.4） pg/ml, （2337.0±263.0） pg/ml, respectively） were significantly lower than that in the control group （（3450.0±421.7） pg/ml, （3174.0±415.6） pg/ml, （323.5±43.8） pg/ml, （3623.0±460.4） pg/ml, respectively） （P 〈0.05）. The mRNA expression level of PPARI3 and RXRa （0.859±0.653, -0.172±0.752, respectively） in URSA group was significantly lower than that in the control group （1.554±1.735, 0.777±2.482, respectively） （both P 〈0.05）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A （VEGF-A） in the URSA group （2.010±1.522, 0.35±0.46） was significantly lower than that in the control group （4.569±2.430, 0.750±0.350） （both P 〈0.05）. Conclusions COX-2 and the COX-2-derived PGI2 signaling pathway possibly play an important role in successful embryo implantation, and their decreased expression may result in URSA. The decreased expression may influence the expression of VEGF-A which interferes with placental angiogenesis causing failure of embryo implantation, leading to spontaneous abortion.展开更多
Background:Empiric therapy for patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss(URPL)is not precise.Some patients will ask for assisted reproductive technology due to secondary infertility or advanced maternal age.T...Background:Empiric therapy for patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss(URPL)is not precise.Some patients will ask for assisted reproductive technology due to secondary infertility or advanced maternal age.The clinical outcomes of URPL patients who have undergonein vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET)require elucidation.The IVF outcome and influencing factors of URPL patients need further study.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was designed,and 312 infertile patients with URPL who had been treated during January 2012 to December 2015 in the Reproduction Center of Peking University Third Hospital were included.By comparing clinical outcomes between these patients and those with tubal factor infertility(TFI),the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of URPL patients were analyzed.Results:The clinical pregnancy rate(35.18%vs.34.52%in fresh ET cycles,P=0.877;34.48%vs.40.27%in frozen-thawed ET cycles,P=0.283)and live birth rate(LBR)in fresh ET cycles(27.67%vs.26.59%,P=0.785)were not significantly different between URPL group and TFI group.URPL group had lower LBR in frozen-thawed ET cycles than that of TFI group(23.56%vs.33.56%,P=0.047),but the cumulative LBRs(34.69%vs.38.26%,P=0.368)were not significantly different between the two groups.The increased endometrial thickness(EMT)on the human chorionic gonadotropin day(odds ratio[OR]:0.848,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.748-0.962,P=0.010)and the increased number of eggs retrieved(OR:0.928,95%CI:0.887-0.970,P=0.001)were protective factors for clinical pregnancy in stimulated cycles.The increased number of eggs retrieved(OR:0.875,95%CI:0.846-0.906,P<0.001),the increased two-pronucleus rate(OR:0.151,95%CI:0.052-0.437,P<0.001),and increased EMT(OR:0.876,95%CI:0.770-0.997,P=0.045)in ET day were protective factors for the cumulative live birth outcome.Conclusion:After matching ages,no significant differences in clinical outcomes were found between the patients with URPL and the patients with TFI.A thicker endometrium and more retrieved oocytes increase the probability of pregnancy in fresh transfer cycles,but a better normal fertilization potential will increase the possibility of a live birth.展开更多
Objective:To explore the roles of advanced paternal age(APA)and abnormal paternal weight on embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes for unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss(uRPL)couples who underwent preimplantation gen...Objective:To explore the roles of advanced paternal age(APA)and abnormal paternal weight on embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes for unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss(uRPL)couples who underwent preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies(PGT-A).Methods:This study included 779 uRPL couples who underwent their first PGT-A cycles between 2014 and 2018.Male patients’aging and nutritional status were quantified by paternal age and body mass index(BMI).Routine semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)were used to reflect the seminal quality.Blastocyst formation rate and aneuploidy rate were used to reflect the embryo quality.Cycle cancellation rate,implantation rate,pregnancy loss rate,and live birth rate were measured to evaluate the treatment efficiency from IVF.To remove the interference of maternal age,only the women younger than 38 years old were included.After univariate screening,interaction tests were performed in a generalized linear model(GLM)to further examine the effects of paternal age and BMI on each outcome indicator.Results:In the total population(779 cycles),there were no statistical differences in aneuploidy rate,cycle cancellation rate,implantation rate,pregnancy loss rate,and live birth rate,whether stratified by paternal age or paternal BMI.Similar results occurred in the younger men(<40 y.o.,633 cycles).Conversely,among the men with advanced age(≥40 y.o.,146 cycles),there were statistical differences between the three BMI groups in four semen parameters(total sperm number,total motility,progressive motility,and total motile sperm count),implantation rate,and live birth rate.After interaction testing,the results of GLM suggested that the interaction effect between APA and paternal obesity was associated with the low implantation rate of uRPL couples.Conclusions:For the uRPL couples seeking for PGT-A treatment,if the male patients have both advanced age and obesity,their spouses are at higher risks for embryo implantation failure.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the association between forkhead box P3(FOXP3)(rs3761548)polymorphism and the risk of preeclampsia and recurrent spontaneous abortion.Methods:Literature on the association of FOXP3 gene polymo...Objective:To investigate the association between forkhead box P3(FOXP3)(rs3761548)polymorphism and the risk of preeclampsia and recurrent spontaneous abortion.Methods:Literature on the association of FOXP3 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to preeclampsia and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion was retrieved by searching databases such as PubMed,Science Direct,Google Scholar and Embase from 2000 to 2021.The association measure was analyzed using an odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI).All the statistical analyses were executed using RevMan 5.4 software.Results:In the present meta-analysis,11 articles were analyzed.The pooled results showed no association between FOXP3 gene polymorphism(rs3761548)and preeclampsia risk in allelic,recessive,dominant and over dominant contrast models.FOXP3 gene polymorphism(rs3761548)showed an association with recurrent abortion in allelic,recessive and dominant models(OR 1.85,CI 1.59-2.14;OR 2.02,95%CI 1.56-2.62;OR 2.69,95%CI 1.50-4.83,respectively),while no association in the over dominant contrast model(OR 1.35,CI 0.87-2.10).Conclusions:In the present study,FOXP3 gene(rs3761548)polymorphism is associated with risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion but not preeclampsia.However,larger sample size and multiracial studies are needed in the future to confirm the findings.展开更多
Objective: To investigate membrane tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 protein expression level in decidua and concentration of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in serum in women with unexplained early spontaneou...Objective: To investigate membrane tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 protein expression level in decidua and concentration of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in serum in women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion, threatened abortion, and compare the levels with healthy pregnant women. Methods: Thirty-seven women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion, 27 women with threatened abortion, and 34 healthy pregnant women undergoing artificial abortion of pregnancy at 6 - 10 weeks of gestation were selected. Decidual samples were collected when women were undergoing artificial abortion, and blood samples were collected at the same time. The level of membrane tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in decidua was detected by flow cytometer, and the concentration of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in sera was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The percentages of membrane tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 positive decidual cells were 16.42 ± 7.10 Mean ± SD for women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion and 13. 14 ± 6.30 for healthy pregnant women ( P < 0.05). Serum concentration of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 was significantly higher in women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion than in healthy pregnant women and in women with threatened abortion, and no difference was found between healthy pregnant women and women with threatened abortion. Conclusion: Women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion present significantly higher expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 than healthy pregnant women, suggesting that over-expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 may contribute to the development of early spontaneous abortion.展开更多
The causes of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and fetal malformations are multifactorial and unclear in most cases. Environmental, maternal, and genetic factors have been shown to contribute to these defects. Who...The causes of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and fetal malformations are multifactorial and unclear in most cases. Environmental, maternal, and genetic factors have been shown to contribute to these defects. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is widely used to detect genetic variations associated with human diseases and has recently been successfully applied to unveil genetic causes of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and fetal malformations. Here, we review the current discovery and diagnosis strategies to identify the underlying pathogenic mutations of URSA and fetal malformations using WES technology and propose to further develop WES, both to advance our understanding of these diseases and to eventually lead to targeted therapies for reproductive disorders.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the effects of heat clearing and stasis resolving method on prethrombotic state,inflammatory factors and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of unexplained recurrent miscarriage(URM)patient...[Objectives]To explore the effects of heat clearing and stasis resolving method on prethrombotic state,inflammatory factors and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of unexplained recurrent miscarriage(URM)patients with suppressed internal heat.[Methods]Thirty cases of URM patients with suppressed internal heat and 30 normal women were collected,and characteristics of changes in peripheral serum D-dimer(D-D),fibrin degradation product(FDP),fibrinogen(FIB),IL-6,IL-10 and TNF-α,CD,CD,CD,CD,CDlevels were detected.URM patients were treated with traditional Chinese medicine for clearing heat and resolving blood stasis for 3 menstrual cycles,and the changes of indicators before and after treatment were observed.[Results]Compared with normal women,the peripheral serum levels of D-D,IL-6,TNF-αand CDin URM patients with suppressed internal heat were increased(P<0.05),while the IL-10 lymphocyte level was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with that before treatment,the contents of D-D,IL-6,TNF-αand CDdecreased after 3 menstrual cycles(P<0.05),while the contents of IL-10 and CDT lymphocytes increased significantly(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The heat clearing heat and stasis resolving method can effectively improve the prethrombotic state of URM,and the action mechanism may be related to the regulation of immune and peripheral blood inflammatory factors.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81973894)。
文摘Recurrent spontaneous abortion is a common disease in gynecology,and it seriously affects women's reproductive health and brings heavy burden and pain to society and families.The cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion is complicated,in addition to the well-defined genetic,anatomical,infection and endocrine factors,and there are still some unknown causes,which is called as unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion,accounting for 40%of recurrent abortion.At present,there are a lot of researches on the treatment methods of the patients with the unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion,which also shows that the treatment of traditional Chinese and Western medicine all have certain clinical application effect.Western medicine clinical methods mainly includes immunotherapy,immunosuppressive therapy,anticoagulation therapy,progesterone therapy,etc.Based on the experience of the professor and combined with many years of clinical practice,the author believes that the pathogenesis of this disease in traditional Chinese medicine is mainly due to impaired impulse and deficiency of Spleen,lack of qi and blood,can not nourishing the fetus;deficiency of Kidney Qi,blood flow was delayed,and blood stasis and could not raise the fetus.Clinical treatment is based on invigorating the kidney,tonifying spleen and nourishing blood,promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and dredging collaterals.Oral Chinese medicine combined with external acupuncture and moxibustion has achieved excellent effects in improving pregnancy rate.This article reviews the domestic and foreign methods of treating unexplained recurrent miscarriage in order to provide clinical reference.In the future,the combination of Chinese and Western medicine should become the main therapy to increase pregnancy rate.
文摘Background Experimental evidence indicates that cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） plays a critical role in blastocyst implantation; however, little is known of the role of COX-2 in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion （URSA）. Methods We evaluated the expression level and potential signaling pathway of COX-2 in 30 cases of URSA who were excluded the abnormality of chromosomes, anatomy, endocrine, infectious, autoimmune diseases and in 30 normal pregnancies. Results The mRNA and the protein expression level of COX-2 in the URSA group （-0.238±0.848, 0.368±0.089, respectively） were significantly lower than that in the control group （1.943±3.845, 1.046±0.108, respectively） （both, P 〈0.01）. The expression of prostaglandins PGF2a, PGD2, PGE2, and PGI2, in the URSA group （（2326.0±295.6） pg/ml, （2164.0±240.5） pg/ml, （238.7±26.4） pg/ml, （2337.0±263.0） pg/ml, respectively） were significantly lower than that in the control group （（3450.0±421.7） pg/ml, （3174.0±415.6） pg/ml, （323.5±43.8） pg/ml, （3623.0±460.4） pg/ml, respectively） （P 〈0.05）. The mRNA expression level of PPARI3 and RXRa （0.859±0.653, -0.172±0.752, respectively） in URSA group was significantly lower than that in the control group （1.554±1.735, 0.777±2.482, respectively） （both P 〈0.05）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A （VEGF-A） in the URSA group （2.010±1.522, 0.35±0.46） was significantly lower than that in the control group （4.569±2.430, 0.750±0.350） （both P 〈0.05）. Conclusions COX-2 and the COX-2-derived PGI2 signaling pathway possibly play an important role in successful embryo implantation, and their decreased expression may result in URSA. The decreased expression may influence the expression of VEGF-A which interferes with placental angiogenesis causing failure of embryo implantation, leading to spontaneous abortion.
基金supported by a grant from the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2017ZX09304012-012)。
文摘Background:Empiric therapy for patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss(URPL)is not precise.Some patients will ask for assisted reproductive technology due to secondary infertility or advanced maternal age.The clinical outcomes of URPL patients who have undergonein vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET)require elucidation.The IVF outcome and influencing factors of URPL patients need further study.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was designed,and 312 infertile patients with URPL who had been treated during January 2012 to December 2015 in the Reproduction Center of Peking University Third Hospital were included.By comparing clinical outcomes between these patients and those with tubal factor infertility(TFI),the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of URPL patients were analyzed.Results:The clinical pregnancy rate(35.18%vs.34.52%in fresh ET cycles,P=0.877;34.48%vs.40.27%in frozen-thawed ET cycles,P=0.283)and live birth rate(LBR)in fresh ET cycles(27.67%vs.26.59%,P=0.785)were not significantly different between URPL group and TFI group.URPL group had lower LBR in frozen-thawed ET cycles than that of TFI group(23.56%vs.33.56%,P=0.047),but the cumulative LBRs(34.69%vs.38.26%,P=0.368)were not significantly different between the two groups.The increased endometrial thickness(EMT)on the human chorionic gonadotropin day(odds ratio[OR]:0.848,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.748-0.962,P=0.010)and the increased number of eggs retrieved(OR:0.928,95%CI:0.887-0.970,P=0.001)were protective factors for clinical pregnancy in stimulated cycles.The increased number of eggs retrieved(OR:0.875,95%CI:0.846-0.906,P<0.001),the increased two-pronucleus rate(OR:0.151,95%CI:0.052-0.437,P<0.001),and increased EMT(OR:0.876,95%CI:0.770-0.997,P=0.045)in ET day were protective factors for the cumulative live birth outcome.Conclusion:After matching ages,no significant differences in clinical outcomes were found between the patients with URPL and the patients with TFI.A thicker endometrium and more retrieved oocytes increase the probability of pregnancy in fresh transfer cycles,but a better normal fertilization potential will increase the possibility of a live birth.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1002804).
文摘Objective:To explore the roles of advanced paternal age(APA)and abnormal paternal weight on embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes for unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss(uRPL)couples who underwent preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies(PGT-A).Methods:This study included 779 uRPL couples who underwent their first PGT-A cycles between 2014 and 2018.Male patients’aging and nutritional status were quantified by paternal age and body mass index(BMI).Routine semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)were used to reflect the seminal quality.Blastocyst formation rate and aneuploidy rate were used to reflect the embryo quality.Cycle cancellation rate,implantation rate,pregnancy loss rate,and live birth rate were measured to evaluate the treatment efficiency from IVF.To remove the interference of maternal age,only the women younger than 38 years old were included.After univariate screening,interaction tests were performed in a generalized linear model(GLM)to further examine the effects of paternal age and BMI on each outcome indicator.Results:In the total population(779 cycles),there were no statistical differences in aneuploidy rate,cycle cancellation rate,implantation rate,pregnancy loss rate,and live birth rate,whether stratified by paternal age or paternal BMI.Similar results occurred in the younger men(<40 y.o.,633 cycles).Conversely,among the men with advanced age(≥40 y.o.,146 cycles),there were statistical differences between the three BMI groups in four semen parameters(total sperm number,total motility,progressive motility,and total motile sperm count),implantation rate,and live birth rate.After interaction testing,the results of GLM suggested that the interaction effect between APA and paternal obesity was associated with the low implantation rate of uRPL couples.Conclusions:For the uRPL couples seeking for PGT-A treatment,if the male patients have both advanced age and obesity,their spouses are at higher risks for embryo implantation failure.
文摘Objective:To investigate the association between forkhead box P3(FOXP3)(rs3761548)polymorphism and the risk of preeclampsia and recurrent spontaneous abortion.Methods:Literature on the association of FOXP3 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to preeclampsia and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion was retrieved by searching databases such as PubMed,Science Direct,Google Scholar and Embase from 2000 to 2021.The association measure was analyzed using an odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI).All the statistical analyses were executed using RevMan 5.4 software.Results:In the present meta-analysis,11 articles were analyzed.The pooled results showed no association between FOXP3 gene polymorphism(rs3761548)and preeclampsia risk in allelic,recessive,dominant and over dominant contrast models.FOXP3 gene polymorphism(rs3761548)showed an association with recurrent abortion in allelic,recessive and dominant models(OR 1.85,CI 1.59-2.14;OR 2.02,95%CI 1.56-2.62;OR 2.69,95%CI 1.50-4.83,respectively),while no association in the over dominant contrast model(OR 1.35,CI 0.87-2.10).Conclusions:In the present study,FOXP3 gene(rs3761548)polymorphism is associated with risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion but not preeclampsia.However,larger sample size and multiracial studies are needed in the future to confirm the findings.
文摘Objective: To investigate membrane tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 protein expression level in decidua and concentration of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in serum in women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion, threatened abortion, and compare the levels with healthy pregnant women. Methods: Thirty-seven women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion, 27 women with threatened abortion, and 34 healthy pregnant women undergoing artificial abortion of pregnancy at 6 - 10 weeks of gestation were selected. Decidual samples were collected when women were undergoing artificial abortion, and blood samples were collected at the same time. The level of membrane tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in decidua was detected by flow cytometer, and the concentration of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in sera was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The percentages of membrane tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 positive decidual cells were 16.42 ± 7.10 Mean ± SD for women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion and 13. 14 ± 6.30 for healthy pregnant women ( P < 0.05). Serum concentration of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 was significantly higher in women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion than in healthy pregnant women and in women with threatened abortion, and no difference was found between healthy pregnant women and women with threatened abortion. Conclusion: Women with unexplained early spontaneous abortion present significantly higher expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 than healthy pregnant women, suggesting that over-expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 may contribute to the development of early spontaneous abortion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31522034 and 81730038)the National High Technology Research and Development Program Grant (2015AA020407)
文摘The causes of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and fetal malformations are multifactorial and unclear in most cases. Environmental, maternal, and genetic factors have been shown to contribute to these defects. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is widely used to detect genetic variations associated with human diseases and has recently been successfully applied to unveil genetic causes of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and fetal malformations. Here, we review the current discovery and diagnosis strategies to identify the underlying pathogenic mutations of URSA and fetal malformations using WES technology and propose to further develop WES, both to advance our understanding of these diseases and to eventually lead to targeted therapies for reproductive disorders.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81760806)Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration of Gansu Province(GZK-2019-28)Innovation Ability Improvement Project of Higher Education Institutions of Gansu Province(2019B-103)。
文摘[Objectives]To explore the effects of heat clearing and stasis resolving method on prethrombotic state,inflammatory factors and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of unexplained recurrent miscarriage(URM)patients with suppressed internal heat.[Methods]Thirty cases of URM patients with suppressed internal heat and 30 normal women were collected,and characteristics of changes in peripheral serum D-dimer(D-D),fibrin degradation product(FDP),fibrinogen(FIB),IL-6,IL-10 and TNF-α,CD,CD,CD,CD,CDlevels were detected.URM patients were treated with traditional Chinese medicine for clearing heat and resolving blood stasis for 3 menstrual cycles,and the changes of indicators before and after treatment were observed.[Results]Compared with normal women,the peripheral serum levels of D-D,IL-6,TNF-αand CDin URM patients with suppressed internal heat were increased(P<0.05),while the IL-10 lymphocyte level was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with that before treatment,the contents of D-D,IL-6,TNF-αand CDdecreased after 3 menstrual cycles(P<0.05),while the contents of IL-10 and CDT lymphocytes increased significantly(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The heat clearing heat and stasis resolving method can effectively improve the prethrombotic state of URM,and the action mechanism may be related to the regulation of immune and peripheral blood inflammatory factors.
