We present an analysis of the xF_3(x,Q^2) structure function and Gross-Llewellyn Smith(GLS) sum rule taking into account the nuclear effects and higher twist correction. This analysis is based on the results presented...We present an analysis of the xF_3(x,Q^2) structure function and Gross-Llewellyn Smith(GLS) sum rule taking into account the nuclear effects and higher twist correction. This analysis is based on the results presented in[N.M. Nath, et al., Indian J. Phys. 90(2016) 117]. The corrections due to nuclear effects predicted in several earlier analysis are incorporated to our results of xF_3(x,Q^2) structure function and GLS sum rule for free nucleon, corrected upto next-next-to-leading order(NNLO) perturbative order and calculate the nuclear structure function as well as sum rule for nuclei. In addition, by means of a simple model we have extracted the higher twist contributions to the nonsinglet structure function xF_3(x,Q^2) and GLS sum rule in NNLO perturbative orders and then incorporated them to our results. Our NNLO results along with nuclear effect and higher twist corrections are observed to be compatible with corresponding experimental data and other phenomenological analysis.展开更多
Twist structures have diverse applications, ranging from dragline, electrical cable, and intelligent structure. Among these applications, tension deformation can＇t be avoided during the fabrication and working proces...Twist structures have diverse applications, ranging from dragline, electrical cable, and intelligent structure. Among these applications, tension deformation can＇t be avoided during the fabrication and working processes, which often leads to the twist structure rotation （called untwisting effect） and twist pitch increasing. As a consequence, this untwisting behavior has a large effect on the effective Young＇s modulus. In this paper, we present an improved model based on the classical Costello＇s theory to predict the effective Young＇s modulus of the basic structure, twisted by three same copper strands under cyclic loading. Series of experiments were carried out to verify the present model taking into account the untwisting effect. The experimental results have better agreements with the presented model than the common Costello＇s model.展开更多
Although helical and twisted reinforcement has been used to reinforce concrete for more than two decades, its rationale still remains unclear. With a brief review of current researches on the helical and twisted reinf...Although helical and twisted reinforcement has been used to reinforce concrete for more than two decades, its rationale still remains unclear. With a brief review of current researches on the helical and twisted reinforcement properties, this paper describes some new phenomenon of the helical and twisted reinforcement in concrete and other matrix by experimental studies, and then discusses on mechanism of helical effect of strengthening. This paper also discusses the mechanism of accessional helical effect of strengthening and its significance in industrial practice. Extensive tests indicate that twisting is the most effective way to improve reinforcement mechanical properties. The main results are： （1） They can greatly enhance bond anchorage in base material. In some pull-out tests, the pull-out resistance increases with reinforcement slip within the specimens, which results not only in a higher pull-out load but also a larger slip up to 70%-80% of reinforcement embedded length. （2） Concrete reinforced by twisted bars demonstrates certain ductility at failure. （3） The bond strength depends on the pitch space directly. （4） The twisted effect on material strengthening is from a three-dimensional interlocking force which is formed from material untwisting when they were pulled out from base specimens.展开更多
The quantum electrodynamic (QED) behaviour is studied for quantum Hall effect (QHE). Quantum theory with conjecture of fractional charge quantization (quantum dipole moment), eigenfunctions for fractional charge quant...The quantum electrodynamic (QED) behaviour is studied for quantum Hall effect (QHE). Quantum theory with conjecture of fractional charge quantization (quantum dipole moment), eigenfunctions for fractional charge quantization at the surface of a twisted and twigged electron quanta and above its surface, fractional Fourier transform and Hermite function for fractional charge quantization is developed. With energy eigen value equation for QHE and with energy operator on an eigenfunction of a twisted and twigged electron quanta, the corresponding eigenfunctions are normalized with Schrodinger’s quantum wave mechanical equation for electric scalar and magnetic potentials, respectively (QED behavior). The fractional electric and magnetic fields with their corresponding potentials for the quantized fractional states in semiconducting hereto structures are theoretically calculated. Such mathematical expressions are in good agreement with experimental results of Nobel Prize winning scientists Klitzing, Haroche, Peter and Gruebber. Our results can also explain the hybridized states of orbits with emphasis on sigma and pi bonding and their corresponding antibonding orbitals as a manifestation of electrophilic and nucleophilic chemical reactions.展开更多
基金Support from DAE-BRNS,India,as Major Research Project under Sanction No.2012/37P/36/BRNS/2018 dated 24 Nov.2012
文摘We present an analysis of the xF_3(x,Q^2) structure function and Gross-Llewellyn Smith(GLS) sum rule taking into account the nuclear effects and higher twist correction. This analysis is based on the results presented in[N.M. Nath, et al., Indian J. Phys. 90(2016) 117]. The corrections due to nuclear effects predicted in several earlier analysis are incorporated to our results of xF_3(x,Q^2) structure function and GLS sum rule for free nucleon, corrected upto next-next-to-leading order(NNLO) perturbative order and calculate the nuclear structure function as well as sum rule for nuclei. In addition, by means of a simple model we have extracted the higher twist contributions to the nonsinglet structure function xF_3(x,Q^2) and GLS sum rule in NNLO perturbative orders and then incorporated them to our results. Our NNLO results along with nuclear effect and higher twist corrections are observed to be compatible with corresponding experimental data and other phenomenological analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11622217)the National Key Project of Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development(11327802)+1 种基金the National Program for Special Support of Top-Notch Young Professionalssupported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2017-ot18,lzujbky-2017-k18)
文摘Twist structures have diverse applications, ranging from dragline, electrical cable, and intelligent structure. Among these applications, tension deformation can＇t be avoided during the fabrication and working processes, which often leads to the twist structure rotation （called untwisting effect） and twist pitch increasing. As a consequence, this untwisting behavior has a large effect on the effective Young＇s modulus. In this paper, we present an improved model based on the classical Costello＇s theory to predict the effective Young＇s modulus of the basic structure, twisted by three same copper strands under cyclic loading. Series of experiments were carried out to verify the present model taking into account the untwisting effect. The experimental results have better agreements with the presented model than the common Costello＇s model.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50578119)
文摘Although helical and twisted reinforcement has been used to reinforce concrete for more than two decades, its rationale still remains unclear. With a brief review of current researches on the helical and twisted reinforcement properties, this paper describes some new phenomenon of the helical and twisted reinforcement in concrete and other matrix by experimental studies, and then discusses on mechanism of helical effect of strengthening. This paper also discusses the mechanism of accessional helical effect of strengthening and its significance in industrial practice. Extensive tests indicate that twisting is the most effective way to improve reinforcement mechanical properties. The main results are： （1） They can greatly enhance bond anchorage in base material. In some pull-out tests, the pull-out resistance increases with reinforcement slip within the specimens, which results not only in a higher pull-out load but also a larger slip up to 70%-80% of reinforcement embedded length. （2） Concrete reinforced by twisted bars demonstrates certain ductility at failure. （3） The bond strength depends on the pitch space directly. （4） The twisted effect on material strengthening is from a three-dimensional interlocking force which is formed from material untwisting when they were pulled out from base specimens.
文摘The quantum electrodynamic (QED) behaviour is studied for quantum Hall effect (QHE). Quantum theory with conjecture of fractional charge quantization (quantum dipole moment), eigenfunctions for fractional charge quantization at the surface of a twisted and twigged electron quanta and above its surface, fractional Fourier transform and Hermite function for fractional charge quantization is developed. With energy eigen value equation for QHE and with energy operator on an eigenfunction of a twisted and twigged electron quanta, the corresponding eigenfunctions are normalized with Schrodinger’s quantum wave mechanical equation for electric scalar and magnetic potentials, respectively (QED behavior). The fractional electric and magnetic fields with their corresponding potentials for the quantized fractional states in semiconducting hereto structures are theoretically calculated. Such mathematical expressions are in good agreement with experimental results of Nobel Prize winning scientists Klitzing, Haroche, Peter and Gruebber. Our results can also explain the hybridized states of orbits with emphasis on sigma and pi bonding and their corresponding antibonding orbitals as a manifestation of electrophilic and nucleophilic chemical reactions.
