The purpose of the research is to discuss the differentperformances of administrators’ values in different orga-nizations in Taiwan province and the determinants ofethics of administrators in decision - making. Throu...The purpose of the research is to discuss the differentperformances of administrators’ values in different orga-nizations in Taiwan province and the determinants ofethics of administrators in decision - making. Throughthe understanding of these issues, the research expects tohelp the internal operation of ethical behaviors in the or-ganization in order to establish business ethics. The re-search used empirical examination and stratified sam-pling to select 231 top, middle and low administrators inmanufacture, service, government and non - profit -making organizations as target. The result showed thatthe main determinant of ethics of administrators in deci-sion - making was "corporate interest". Besides, the ad-ministrators in the four organizations showed distinctivevalues. The non - profit - making organizations showedhigher sense of values such as"caring self - discipline"and "safety belonging"than profit - making groups did.展开更多
To solve Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, a generalized linear functional is introduced and a new function-valued Padé-type approximation is defined. By means of the power series expansion of the s...To solve Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, a generalized linear functional is introduced and a new function-valued Padé-type approximation is defined. By means of the power series expansion of the solution, this method can construct an approximate solution to solve the given integral equation. On the basis of the orthogonal polynomials, two useful determinant expressions of the numerator polynomial and the denominator polynomial for Padé-type approximation are explicitly given.展开更多
Identifying state transition and determining the critical value of the Duffing oscillator are crucial to indicating external signal existence and have a great influence on detection accuracy in weak signal detection. ...Identifying state transition and determining the critical value of the Duffing oscillator are crucial to indicating external signal existence and have a great influence on detection accuracy in weak signal detection. A circular zone counting （CZC） method is proposed in this paper, by combining the Duffing oscillator＇s phase trajectory feature and numerical calculation for quickly and accurately identifying state transition and determining the critical value, to realize a high- efficiency weak signal detection. Detailed model analysis and method construction of the CZC method are introduced. Numerical experiments into the reliability of the proposed CZC method compared with the maximum Lyapunov exponent （MLE） method are carried out. The CZC method is demonstrated to have better detecting ability than the MLE method, and furthermore it is simpler and clearer in calculation to extend to engineering application.展开更多
A research on the application of a TG-DTA(thermal gravimetry aifferential thermal analysis)to the quick determination of moisture,organic volatile fixed carbon,ash and caloric value for coal is described.
The acute toxic effects of ammonium sulphate to fresh-water catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (H.fossilis) have been studied by determining LC50 values with 95% confidence limits, by the graphic method, the logistic me...The acute toxic effects of ammonium sulphate to fresh-water catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (H.fossilis) have been studied by determining LC50 values with 95% confidence limits, by the graphic method, the logistic method, the Spearman and Karber method and the trimmed Spearman-Karber method. The trimmed Spearman-Karber method was found the most ideal for ammonium salt toxicity test. The flaws in the trimmed Spearman-Karber method are also discussed.展开更多
This study examined regional differences in ecosystem services for the Da Hinggan Mountains(DHM),China.A correction index was constructed based on ten-year average net primary productivity(NPP)data.A new equivalent fa...This study examined regional differences in ecosystem services for the Da Hinggan Mountains(DHM),China.A correction index was constructed based on ten-year average net primary productivity(NPP)data.A new equivalent factor table that was suitable for the assessment of wetlands in the DHM was formed by using the expert weight determination method(EWDM).An evaluation model was established for evaluating the ecosystem service value(ESV)of wetlands in the DHM.The results show that in 2020,the total ESV of wetlands reached 93361×10^(6) USD,with the forest swamp and marsh ecosystems contributing the most.From the perspective of value composition,regulating services and supporting services are the main service functions of wetlands in the DHM.From 2010 to2020,ESV provided by wetlands increased by 4337×10^(6) USD/yr in the DHM.The value of forest swamp and peatland ecosystems increased by 18.6%and 12.7%,respectively,whereas the value of swamp,shrub swamp,and marsh decreased.The research results are of significance for contributing to local government performance evaluation and determining financial compensation for the provision of wetland ecosystem services.展开更多
This paper explores the data theory of value along the line of reasoning epochal characteristics of data-theoretical innovation-paradigmatic transformation and,through a comparison of hard and soft factors and observa...This paper explores the data theory of value along the line of reasoning epochal characteristics of data-theoretical innovation-paradigmatic transformation and,through a comparison of hard and soft factors and observation of data peculiar features,it draws the conclusion that data have the epochal characteristics of non-competitiveness and non-exclusivity,decreasing marginal cost and increasing marginal return,non-physical and intangible form,and non-finiteness and non-scarcity.It is the epochal characteristics of data that undermine the traditional theory of value and innovate the“production-exchange”theory,including data value generation,data value realization,data value rights determination and data value pricing.From the perspective of data value generation,the levels of data quality,processing,use and connectivity,data application scenarios and data openness will influence data value.From the perspective of data value realization,data,as independent factors of production,show value creation effect,create a value multiplier effect by empowering other factors of production,and substitute other factors of production to create a zero-price effect.From the perspective of data value rights determination,based on the theory of property,the tragedy of the private outweighs the comedy of the private with respect to data,and based on the theory of sharing economy,the comedy of the commons outweighs the tragedy of the commons with respect to data.From the perspective of data pricing,standardized data products can be priced according to the physical product attributes,and non-standardized data products can be priced according to the virtual product attributes.Based on the epochal characteristics of data and theoretical innovation,the“production-exchange”paradigm has undergone a transformation from“using tangible factors to produce tangible products and exchanging tangible products for tangible products”to“using intangible factors to produce tangible products and exchanging intangible products for tangible products”and ultimately to“using intangible factors to produce intangible products and exchanging intangible products for intangible products”.展开更多
Abstract A new function-valued partial Padé-type approximation was introduced in the polynomial space, and an explicit determinant formula was derived by means of some orthogonal polynomials. This method can be a...Abstract A new function-valued partial Padé-type approximation was introduced in the polynomial space, and an explicit determinant formula was derived by means of some orthogonal polynomials. This method can be applied to estimating surplus eigenvalues of the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind when its partial eigenvalues have been known, and at the same time, it can be applied to solving the approximating solution of the given equation.展开更多
Proper matching of forestry machinery is important when raising mechanization levels for forestry production. In the matching process, forestry machinery needs not only expertise, but also improved methods for solving...Proper matching of forestry machinery is important when raising mechanization levels for forestry production. In the matching process, forestry machinery needs not only expertise, but also improved methods for solving problems. I propose combination of case-based reasoning （CBR） and rule-based reasoning （RBR） by calculating the similarity of quantitative parameters of various forestry machines in an analytical and hierarchical process. I calculated the similarity of machin-ery used in forest industries to enable better selection and matching of equipment. I propose a weight-value adjusting method based on sums of squares of deviations in which the individual parameter weights were modified in the process of application. During the process of system design, I put forward a design method knowledge base and generated a dynamic web reasoning framework to integrate the processes of forest industry machinery selection and weight-value adjustment. This enables expansion of the scope of the complete system and enhancement of the reasoning efficiency. I demonstrate the validity and practicability of this method using a practical example.展开更多
The computational problems of two special determinants are investigated. Those determinants appear in the construction of the function-valued Pade-type approximation for computing Fredholm integral equation of the sec...The computational problems of two special determinants are investigated. Those determinants appear in the construction of the function-valued Pade-type approximation for computing Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. The main tool to be used in this paper is the well-known Schur complement theorem.展开更多
In this paper, we present a new method to determine the relative permittivity of periodic stratified media using the iterative time-reversal method. Based on transmission line theory, the focal peak value of iterative...In this paper, we present a new method to determine the relative permittivity of periodic stratified media using the iterative time-reversal method. Based on transmission line theory, the focal peak value of iterative time-reversal electro- magnetic waves, which contain information about the periodic stratified medium, is computed in pulse-echo mode. Using the relationship between the focal peak value and the relative permittivity of the periodic stratified medium, the relative permittivity can be obtained by measuring the focal peak value. Numerical simulations are conducted, and the results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach to the measurement of the relative permittivity of a periodic stratified medium.展开更多
By applying methods of investment appraisal, this paper offers a financial approach for determining the optimal level of segment-specific marketing activities and market development under the conditions of imperfect m...By applying methods of investment appraisal, this paper offers a financial approach for determining the optimal level of segment-specific marketing activities and market development under the conditions of imperfect markets and uncertainty. Within the scope of marketing planning and controlling, the model is suited to optimizing an enterprise＇s market activities and taking interdependencies between market segments, production, and investments into account. Applying duality theory of linear programming allows for identifying the income determinants and deriving formulas for a correct valuation by using （corrected） net present values （NPVs）. Under certain conditions, they can also be used to easily evaluate and financially interpret the effects of parameter changes. The author uses sensitivity analysis to support these findings and to obtain more information on the effects of these determinants.展开更多
文摘The purpose of the research is to discuss the differentperformances of administrators’ values in different orga-nizations in Taiwan province and the determinants ofethics of administrators in decision - making. Throughthe understanding of these issues, the research expects tohelp the internal operation of ethical behaviors in the or-ganization in order to establish business ethics. The re-search used empirical examination and stratified sam-pling to select 231 top, middle and low administrators inmanufacture, service, government and non - profit -making organizations as target. The result showed thatthe main determinant of ethics of administrators in deci-sion - making was "corporate interest". Besides, the ad-ministrators in the four organizations showed distinctivevalues. The non - profit - making organizations showedhigher sense of values such as"caring self - discipline"and "safety belonging"than profit - making groups did.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10271074)
文摘To solve Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, a generalized linear functional is introduced and a new function-valued Padé-type approximation is defined. By means of the power series expansion of the solution, this method can construct an approximate solution to solve the given integral equation. On the basis of the orthogonal polynomials, two useful determinant expressions of the numerator polynomial and the denominator polynomial for Padé-type approximation are explicitly given.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61172047 and 61071025)
文摘Identifying state transition and determining the critical value of the Duffing oscillator are crucial to indicating external signal existence and have a great influence on detection accuracy in weak signal detection. A circular zone counting （CZC） method is proposed in this paper, by combining the Duffing oscillator＇s phase trajectory feature and numerical calculation for quickly and accurately identifying state transition and determining the critical value, to realize a high- efficiency weak signal detection. Detailed model analysis and method construction of the CZC method are introduced. Numerical experiments into the reliability of the proposed CZC method compared with the maximum Lyapunov exponent （MLE） method are carried out. The CZC method is demonstrated to have better detecting ability than the MLE method, and furthermore it is simpler and clearer in calculation to extend to engineering application.
文摘A research on the application of a TG-DTA(thermal gravimetry aifferential thermal analysis)to the quick determination of moisture,organic volatile fixed carbon,ash and caloric value for coal is described.
文摘The acute toxic effects of ammonium sulphate to fresh-water catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (H.fossilis) have been studied by determining LC50 values with 95% confidence limits, by the graphic method, the logistic method, the Spearman and Karber method and the trimmed Spearman-Karber method. The trimmed Spearman-Karber method was found the most ideal for ammonium salt toxicity test. The flaws in the trimmed Spearman-Karber method are also discussed.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U19A2042,U20A2083,42001112)。
文摘This study examined regional differences in ecosystem services for the Da Hinggan Mountains(DHM),China.A correction index was constructed based on ten-year average net primary productivity(NPP)data.A new equivalent factor table that was suitable for the assessment of wetlands in the DHM was formed by using the expert weight determination method(EWDM).An evaluation model was established for evaluating the ecosystem service value(ESV)of wetlands in the DHM.The results show that in 2020,the total ESV of wetlands reached 93361×10^(6) USD,with the forest swamp and marsh ecosystems contributing the most.From the perspective of value composition,regulating services and supporting services are the main service functions of wetlands in the DHM.From 2010 to2020,ESV provided by wetlands increased by 4337×10^(6) USD/yr in the DHM.The value of forest swamp and peatland ecosystems increased by 18.6%and 12.7%,respectively,whereas the value of swamp,shrub swamp,and marsh decreased.The research results are of significance for contributing to local government performance evaluation and determining financial compensation for the provision of wetland ecosystem services.
基金funded by“Management Model Innovation of Chinese Enterprises”Research Project,Institute of Industrial Economics,CASS(Grant No.2019-gjs-06)Project under the Graduate Student Scientific and Research Innovation Support Program,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(Graduate School)(Grant No.2022-KY-118).
文摘This paper explores the data theory of value along the line of reasoning epochal characteristics of data-theoretical innovation-paradigmatic transformation and,through a comparison of hard and soft factors and observation of data peculiar features,it draws the conclusion that data have the epochal characteristics of non-competitiveness and non-exclusivity,decreasing marginal cost and increasing marginal return,non-physical and intangible form,and non-finiteness and non-scarcity.It is the epochal characteristics of data that undermine the traditional theory of value and innovate the“production-exchange”theory,including data value generation,data value realization,data value rights determination and data value pricing.From the perspective of data value generation,the levels of data quality,processing,use and connectivity,data application scenarios and data openness will influence data value.From the perspective of data value realization,data,as independent factors of production,show value creation effect,create a value multiplier effect by empowering other factors of production,and substitute other factors of production to create a zero-price effect.From the perspective of data value rights determination,based on the theory of property,the tragedy of the private outweighs the comedy of the private with respect to data,and based on the theory of sharing economy,the comedy of the commons outweighs the tragedy of the commons with respect to data.From the perspective of data pricing,standardized data products can be priced according to the physical product attributes,and non-standardized data products can be priced according to the virtual product attributes.Based on the epochal characteristics of data and theoretical innovation,the“production-exchange”paradigm has undergone a transformation from“using tangible factors to produce tangible products and exchanging tangible products for tangible products”to“using intangible factors to produce tangible products and exchanging intangible products for tangible products”and ultimately to“using intangible factors to produce intangible products and exchanging intangible products for intangible products”.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10271074)
文摘Abstract A new function-valued partial Padé-type approximation was introduced in the polynomial space, and an explicit determinant formula was derived by means of some orthogonal polynomials. This method can be applied to estimating surplus eigenvalues of the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind when its partial eigenvalues have been known, and at the same time, it can be applied to solving the approximating solution of the given equation.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Nos.DL12EB01-03the planning subject of "the Twelfth Five-Year-Plan" in National Science and Technology Nos.2012AA102003-2Heilongjiang Natural Science Fund in China Nos.F201116
文摘Proper matching of forestry machinery is important when raising mechanization levels for forestry production. In the matching process, forestry machinery needs not only expertise, but also improved methods for solving problems. I propose combination of case-based reasoning （CBR） and rule-based reasoning （RBR） by calculating the similarity of quantitative parameters of various forestry machines in an analytical and hierarchical process. I calculated the similarity of machin-ery used in forest industries to enable better selection and matching of equipment. I propose a weight-value adjusting method based on sums of squares of deviations in which the individual parameter weights were modified in the process of application. During the process of system design, I put forward a design method knowledge base and generated a dynamic web reasoning framework to integrate the processes of forest industry machinery selection and weight-value adjustment. This enables expansion of the scope of the complete system and enhancement of the reasoning efficiency. I demonstrate the validity and practicability of this method using a practical example.
基金The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （10271074）by the Special Funds for Major Specialities of Shanghai Education Committee.
文摘The computational problems of two special determinants are investigated. Those determinants appear in the construction of the function-valued Pade-type approximation for computing Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. The main tool to be used in this paper is the well-known Schur complement theorem.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61071031,61107018,and 61201089)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant Nos.20100185110021 and 20120185130001)+2 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovation Team in University,China(Grant No.IRT1113)the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province(Grant No.KJ2013Z287)Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(Grant No.ZYGX2011YB018)
文摘In this paper, we present a new method to determine the relative permittivity of periodic stratified media using the iterative time-reversal method. Based on transmission line theory, the focal peak value of iterative time-reversal electro- magnetic waves, which contain information about the periodic stratified medium, is computed in pulse-echo mode. Using the relationship between the focal peak value and the relative permittivity of the periodic stratified medium, the relative permittivity can be obtained by measuring the focal peak value. Numerical simulations are conducted, and the results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach to the measurement of the relative permittivity of a periodic stratified medium.
文摘By applying methods of investment appraisal, this paper offers a financial approach for determining the optimal level of segment-specific marketing activities and market development under the conditions of imperfect markets and uncertainty. Within the scope of marketing planning and controlling, the model is suited to optimizing an enterprise＇s market activities and taking interdependencies between market segments, production, and investments into account. Applying duality theory of linear programming allows for identifying the income determinants and deriving formulas for a correct valuation by using （corrected） net present values （NPVs）. Under certain conditions, they can also be used to easily evaluate and financially interpret the effects of parameter changes. The author uses sensitivity analysis to support these findings and to obtain more information on the effects of these determinants.
