Quantitative trait loci(QTL)were detected for 8 internal organ traits,3 carcass length traits,and teat number trait in 214 pigs in a resource population that included 180 F2 individuals.A total of 39 microsatellite ma...Quantitative trait loci(QTL)were detected for 8 internal organ traits,3 carcass length traits,and teat number trait in 214 pigs in a resource population that included 180 F2 individuals.A total of 39 microsatellite markers were examined on SSC4,SSC6,SSC7,SSC8,and SSC13.The genetic traits included heart weight(HW),lung weight(LW),liver and gallbladder weight(LGW),spleen weight(SPW),stomach weight(STW),small intestine weight(S1W),large intestine weight(LIW),kidney weight(KW),carcass length to the first cervical vertebra(CL1),carcass length to the first thoracic vertebra(CL2),rib numbers(RNS),and teat numbers(TNS).Results indicated that,3 highly significant QTL(P≤0.01 at chromosome-wise level)for HW(at 30 cM on SSC6),RNS(at 115 cM on SSC7),TNS(at 110 cM on SSC7),and 6 significant QTL(P≤0.05 at chromosome-wise level)for LW(at 119 cM on SSC13),LGW(at 94 cM on SSC6),SPW(at 106 cM on SSC8),SIW(0 cM on SSC4),LIW(170 cM on SSC 4),and TNS(at 95 cM on SSC6)were detected.The phenotypic variances for which these QTL were accounted ranged from 0.04%to 14.06%.Most of these QTL had not been previously reported.展开更多
The restoration of severely fragmented forests requires urgent guidance from succession theory.New theories and methods in plant functional ecology offer novel perspectives on the mechanisms that drive forest successi...The restoration of severely fragmented forests requires urgent guidance from succession theory.New theories and methods in plant functional ecology offer novel perspectives on the mechanisms that drive forest succession and productivity.Here,we established a restoration gradient of seven forest logging periods in temperate forests in China,and conducted systematic surveys on the leaf functional traits of all observed plant species,plant community structure,and soil properties.Inspired by the new concept of two-dimensional plant community traits(i.e.,efficiency and quantity traits)and plant trait networks(PTNs),we explored the adaptation mechanisms of forest communities along a restoration succession and their relationship to productivity.Efficiency and quantity traits initially increased and then stabilized,whereas multi-trait relationships(MR)exhibited fluctuations,with community resource utilization efficiency increasing initially before stabilization.As expected,productivity is poorly explained by either efficiency or quantity traits alone but is substantially better explained by their joint consideration as two-dimensional community traits.Among these,the efficiency and quantity traits of leaf area and leaf dry weight can explain up to 43%of productivity.Furthermore,MR exhibit a time-lag effect on productivity.A structural equation model(SEM)with time-lag analysis showed that efficiency traits,quantity traits,MR,and soil properties explained 64%of the spatial variation in productivity during forest succession.Efficiency and quantity traits directly regulated productivity,whereas soil properties and MR indirectly regulated productivity.Our findings are the first to demonstrate the regulation mechanisms between forest succession and productivity from the framework of efficiency traits-quantity traits-MR,providing theoretical guidance and a reference for ecological restoration,and predicting the spatial variation of forest productivity,especially at small scale.展开更多
The karst forest in southwestern China is characterized by thin soil layers,numerous fissures and holes,resulting in low soil water availability and poor water retention,making it challenging for plant growth and surv...The karst forest in southwestern China is characterized by thin soil layers,numerous fissures and holes,resulting in low soil water availability and poor water retention,making it challenging for plant growth and survival.While the relationship between plant functional traits and tree growth performance has been extensively studied,the links between tree seasonal growth and drought-tolerant traits in tree species with different leaf habit remains poorly understood.This study evaluated the associations between four-year averaged rainy season stem diameter growth rate and 17 branch and leaf traits across evergreen and deciduous species in a tropical karst forest in southwest China.The cross-species variations in tree growth rates were related to plant hydraulic traits(e.g.,vessel lumen diameter,xylem vessel density,stomatal density,and stomatal size)and leaf anatomical traits(e.g.,total leaf thickness,lower/upper epidermis thickness,and spongy thickness).The growth of evergreen trees exhibited lower hydraulic efficiency but greater drought tolerance than deciduous tree,which enabled them to maintain higher persistence under low soil water availability and consequently a relatively longer growing season.In contrast,deciduous species showed no correlation between their functional traits and growth rate.The distinct water use strategies of evergreen and deciduous trees may offer a potential explanation for their co-existence in the tropical karst forests.展开更多
Life-history traits represent evolutionary adaptations that mediate responses to external environments.Analyzing variation in these traits provides valuable insights into macroecological processes and supports the dev...Life-history traits represent evolutionary adaptations that mediate responses to external environments.Analyzing variation in these traits provides valuable insights into macroecological processes and supports the development of effective conservation and restoration strategies.However,large-scale biogeographic patterns in life-history trait diversity among terrestrial vertebrates remain insufficiently characterized,and the processes shaping these patterns are not well understood.This study integrated life-history and spatial distribution data for 2334 terrestrial vertebrate species in China,including 398 amphibians,211 reptiles,541 mammals,and 1184 birds,to evaluate spatial patterns of trait diversity and identify underlying drivers.Assemblages in South and Southwest China exhibited high species richness,substantial assemblage-level evolutionary distinctiveness,expanded trait volumes,and elevated trait densities compared to null expectations,indicating roles as both evolutionary museums and cradles.In contrast,assemblages on the Tibetan Plateau showed expanded trait volumes but low trait densities,reflecting niche expansion among limited taxa.These findings emphasize the importance of niche packing before assemblages reach environmental carrying limits.Assemblages with high evolutionary distinctiveness tended to display high trait volumes and low trait densities,suggesting a consistent relationship between phylogenetic structure and functional diversification.Among the four groups,amphibians showed the highest sensitivity to environmental variation,highlighting the need for focused conservation efforts.Overall,this study revealed pronounced spatial heterogeneity in trait diversity across China,shaped by species richness,evolutionary distinctiveness,and environmental variation,providing valuable insights for refining conservation priorities for terrestrial vertebrate taxa.展开更多
To screen high-quality early-maturing rapeseed germplasm resources,this study took six early-maturing Brassica napus varieties(ZY1,ZY2,ZY3,ZY4,ZY5,and ZY6)as research objects to compare and analyze their agronomic tra...To screen high-quality early-maturing rapeseed germplasm resources,this study took six early-maturing Brassica napus varieties(ZY1,ZY2,ZY3,ZY4,ZY5,and ZY6)as research objects to compare and analyze their agronomic traits,resistance,and yield traits.The results showed that the six early-maturing rapeseed varieties exhibited strong pre-winter growth,with the number of green leaf on the main stem ranging from 9.0 to 11.6,the total leaf number of main stem from 11.8 to 14.2,the maximum leaf length on main stem from 41.28 cm to 47.54 cm,the maximum leaf width from 12.02 cm to 13.38 cm,and the rhizome thickness from 20.64 mm to 25.82 mm.The order of green leaf,total leaf,maximum leaf length,and rhizome thickness from high to low across varieties was ZY1>ZY2>ZY3>ZY4>ZY5>ZY6,while the maximum leaf width followed ZY2>ZY1>ZY3>ZY4>ZY5>ZY6.Compared with other varieties,ZY1 and ZY2 had earlier bolting,initial flowering,final flowering,and harvesting times.The growth periods of the varieties were 183-189 d,with ZY1 being the shortest(183 d)and ZY2 following(185 d).Resistance investigations showed that ZY1 had the lowest freeze damage rate(13%)and freeze damage index(0.043),followed by ZY2(15%and 0.060).No Sclerotinia stem rot was observed at the seedling stage,while all varieties developed the disease at maturity;ZY1 had the lowest incidence(15%)and disease index(0.050),followed by ZY2(18%and 0.070).In terms of yield traits,the yield per plant of the six varieties ranged from 11.46 g to 14.53 g,with ZY1 being the highest(14.53 g)and ZY2 following(13.42 g).In conclusion,ZY1 and ZY2 exhibited vigorous pre-winter growth,early bolting and flowering,short growth periods,strong freeze and disease resistance,and high yield per plant,making them ideal materials for early-maturing rapeseed breeding.展开更多
Heading date is one of the most important agronomic traits that directly affect rice yield and determines the regional adaptability in specific growing environments.As a short-day plant,rice can grow under long-day(LD...Heading date is one of the most important agronomic traits that directly affect rice yield and determines the regional adaptability in specific growing environments.As a short-day plant,rice can grow under long-day(LD)conditions due to the synergistic regulation of many photosensitive genes.Using a set of chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs)with the indica cultivar Huanghuazhan(HHZ)as the recipient parent and Basmati Surkh 89-15(BAS)as the donor parent,we identified a QTL locus.展开更多
Pythium stalk rot(PSR)is a destructive disease of maize,severely affecting yield and grain quality.The identification of quantitative trait loci(QTL)or genes for resistance to PSR forms the basis of diseaseresistant h...Pythium stalk rot(PSR)is a destructive disease of maize,severely affecting yield and grain quality.The identification of quantitative trait loci(QTL)or genes for resistance to PSR forms the basis of diseaseresistant hybrids breeding.In this study,a major QTL,Resistance to Pythium stalk rot 1(RPSR1),was identified from a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from MS71 and POP.Using a recombinant progeny testing strategy,RPSR1 was fine-mapped in a 472 kb interval.Through candidate gene expression,gene knock-down and knock-out studies,a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase gene,PEP RECEPTOR 2(ZmPEPR2),was assigned as a PSR resistance gene.These results provide insights into the genetic architecture of resistance to PSR in maize,which should facilitate breeding maize for resistance to stalk rot.展开更多
Heat stress hinders the growth and productivity of sweetpotato plants,predominantly through oxidative damage to cellular membranes.Therefore,the development of efficient approaches for mitigating heat-related impairme...Heat stress hinders the growth and productivity of sweetpotato plants,predominantly through oxidative damage to cellular membranes.Therefore,the development of efficient approaches for mitigating heat-related impairments is essential for the long-term production of sweetpotatoes.Melatonin has been recognised for its capacity to assist plants in dealing with abiotic stress conditions.This research aimed to investigate how different doses of exogenous melatonin influence heat damage in sweetpotato plants.Heat stress drastically affected shoot and root fresh weight by 31.8 and 44.5%,respectively.This reduction resulted in oxidative stress characterised by increased formation of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))by 804.4%,superoxide ion(O_(2)^(·-))by 211.5%and malondialdehyde(MDA)by 234.2%.Heat stress also reduced chlorophyll concentration,photosystemⅡefficiency(F_v/F_m)by 15.3%and gaseous exchange.However,pre-treatment with 100μmol L^(-1)melatonin increased growth and reduced oxidative damage to sweetpotato plants under heat stress.In particular,melatonin decreased H_(2)O_(2),O_(2)^(·-)and MDA by 64.8%,42.7%and 38.2%,respectively.Melatonin also mitigated the decline in chlorophyll levels and improved stomatal traits,gaseous exchange and F_(v)/F_(m)(13%).Results suggested that the favorable outcomes of melatonin treatment can be associated with elevated antioxidant enzyme activity and an increase in non-enzymatic antioxidants and osmo-protectants.Overall,these findings indicate that exogenous melatonin can improve heat stress tolerance in sweetpotatoes.This stu dy will assist re searchers in further investigating how melatonin makes sweetpotatoes more resistant to heat stress.展开更多
Epigenetics-mediated breeding(epibreeding)involves engineering crop traits and stress responses through the targeted manipulation of key epigenetic features to enhance agricultural productivity.While conventional bree...Epigenetics-mediated breeding(epibreeding)involves engineering crop traits and stress responses through the targeted manipulation of key epigenetic features to enhance agricultural productivity.While conventional breeding methods raise concerns about reduced genetic diversity,epibreeding propels crop improvement through epigenetic variations that regulate gene expression,ultimately impacting crop yield.Epigenetic regulation in crops encompasses various modes,including histone modification,DNA modification,RNA modification,non-coding RNA,and chromatin remodeling.This review summarizes the epigenetic mechanisms underlying major agronomic traits in maize and identifies candidate epigenetic landmarks in the maize breeding process.We propose a valuable strategy for improving maize yield through epibreeding,combining CRISPR/Cas-based epigenome editing technology and Synthetic Epigenetics(SynEpi).Finally,we discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with maize trait improvement through epibreeding.展开更多
Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.However,current frameworks,even the IUCN Red List,often neglect critical factors suc...Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.However,current frameworks,even the IUCN Red List,often neglect critical factors such as genetic diversity and the impacts of climate and land-use changes,hindering effective conservation planning.To address these limitations,we developed an enhanced extinction risk assessment framework using Diploderma lizards as a model.This framework incorporates long-term field surveys,environmental data,and land-use information to predict distributional changes for 10 recently described Diploderma species on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,which hold ecological significance but remain underassessed in conservation assessment.By integrating the distribution data and genetically inferred effective population sizes(Ne),we conducted scenario analyses and used a rank-sum approach to calculate Risk ranking scores(RRS)for each species.This approach revealed significant discrepancies with the IUCN Red List assessments.Notably,D.yangi and D.qilin were identified as facing the highest extinction risk.Furthermore,D.vela,D.batangense,D.flaviceps,D.dymondi,D.yulongense,and D.laeviventre,currently classified as“Least Concern”,were found to warrant reclassification as“Vulnerable”due to considerable threat from projected range contractions.Exploring the relationship between morphology and RRS revealed that traits such as snout-vent length and relative tail length could serve as potential predictors of extinction risk,offering preliminary metrics for assessing species vulnerability when comprehensive data are unavailable.This study enhances the precision of extinction risk assessment frameworks and demonstrates their capacity to refine and update risk assessments,especially for lesser-known taxa.展开更多
Based on the results of the national regional trail for winter rapeseed in four groups,including the upper reaches,middle reaches and lower reaches of Yangtze River and Huang-Huai region in the past twenty years,new v...Based on the results of the national regional trail for winter rapeseed in four groups,including the upper reaches,middle reaches and lower reaches of Yangtze River and Huang-Huai region in the past twenty years,new varieties of winter rapeseed showed upward trend in average yield,the yield level in Huang-huai group was higher than other groups.The changes of average effective pods per plant were not significant in any group,but the number of grain per pod and 1 000-grain weight showed increase trend.However,the increment of grains per pod in three Yangtze River groups was higher than that in Huang-Huai River group,while the increment of 1 000-grain weight was just opposite.The incidence rate of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and viral disease in new varieties of winter rapeseed obviously decreased,and the incidence rate of S.sclerotiorum decreased lower than 5%.Genetic improvement for winter rapeseed should be focus on the number of grain per pod and 1 000-grain weight in the future,and yield level of new varieties in all four groups is expected to increase.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to study the sensitive response characteristics of the main agronomic traits of somaclonal and the variation of sensitive response of the lines of somaclonal to sowing date. [Method]The RITSD ch...[Objective]The aim was to study the sensitive response characteristics of the main agronomic traits of somaclonal and the variation of sensitive response of the lines of somaclonal to sowing date. [Method]The RITSD changing of agronomic traits was studied by using 24 rice somaclonal and its donor parent under two sowing dates. [Result]The average values of RITSD were higher （over one） for the traits of pant height （PH）,density of spikelets （DS）,filled spikelets per panicle （FSP）,spikelets per panicle （SP） and grain weight per plant （GWP）,but lower for days of sowing to heading （DSH）,effective panicles （EP）,panicle length （PL）,seed setting rate （SS） and 1 000-grain weight （1 000-GW）. These showed that PH,DS,FSP,SP and GWP were easily affected by sowing date and tended to higher with the later sowing; the RITSD of somaclonal changed with the agronomic traits. The frequency of RITSD＇ variation of DSH and PH was higher than that of PL. The RITSD＇ value of EP,PL,DS,FSP,SP and SS became higher,and higher or lower for DSH and GWP in different somaclonal; compared with the donor,20 of 24 was significantly different,and the frequency of RITSD variation was over 83. 3%,however,RITSD of the most lines （75%） changed only for 1-2 characters; cluster analysis showed that the RITSD of agronomic traits belonged to different combinations of somaclonal in rice. [Conclusion]the study had provided a theoretical basis for the screening and using of the somaclonal.展开更多
Introduction: Sickle cell disease is one of the most common autosomal recessive inherited diseases. Its prevalence is increasing due to the perpetuity of carriers of the trait who are able to marry. Women aged 18 to 3...Introduction: Sickle cell disease is one of the most common autosomal recessive inherited diseases. Its prevalence is increasing due to the perpetuity of carriers of the trait who are able to marry. Women aged 18 to 35 years constitute the most reproductive age group. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of sickle cell trait among women aged 18 to 35 years and the attitude of women carriers towards the choice of a carrier spouse. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical aims conducted from March to September 2024 in Kisangani. A total of 215 women aged 18 to 35 years presented for screening for sickle cell trait. This study described the following parameters: Sociodemographic data (age, level of education, socioeconomic level, marital status), obstetric and medical history (obstetric formula, sickle cell disease, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, asthma), knowledge of sickle cell disease (etiological classification, transmission, prevention, high-risk marriages, clinical manifestations, progression of the disease), attitude of the woman in relation to the choice of an AS spouse, as well as the reasons justifying each attitude. Results: The prevalence of sickle cell trait was 23.7% (51/215). A total of 64.3% of respondents had accepted the choice of spouse before confirmation of carrier status and 73.8% had refused after confirmation of carrier status. Choice was significantly related to age (p-value = 0.027), occupation (p-value = 0.015), parity (p-value = 0.039) and gesture (p-value = 0.034) before test. The ignorance of the union at risk was associated with the risk (p = 0.005;OR: 9.10;CI 95%: 2.03 - 4.81) of accepting the choice of a spouse carrying the trait. Conclusion: The prevalence of sickle cell trait among women aged 18 to 35 years in Kisangani remains within the limits of that of the general population. The choice of a spouse carrying sickle cell trait is associated with the woman’s age, her profession, parity, gestation and her knowledge about high-risk unions. Screening campaigns and health education sessions enable women carrying sickle cell trait to make a wise choice.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to observe the agronomic,yield and quality traits of Ningchun 4 and its parents under the same environmental conditions,as well as to carry out molecular detection on the backgrou...[Objective] The aim of this study was to observe the agronomic,yield and quality traits of Ningchun 4 and its parents under the same environmental conditions,as well as to carry out molecular detection on the background genes distribution of the corresponding traits.[Method]Ningchun 4 and its parents Sonora 64,Hongtu,Abbondanza,Quality were used as materials to detect the agronomic and quality traits,as well as to analyze the genetic variation laws by molecular determination method.[Result]Ningchun 4 had inherited the advantages of bigger spike,red and hard grain from Sonora 64 and higher 1 000-grain weight from Hongtu.However,it had also inherited the disadvantages of late-maturing from Sonora 64 and lower tillering ability from Hongtu;the grain quality of Ningchun 4 was slightly lower than the Sonora 64;Ningchun 4 had high quality subunit of 5＋10,which had good dough rheological properties.[Conclusion]Ningchun 4 had inherited the long photoperiod characteristics and no-resistant to slow-leaf rusting and stripe rust characteristics from Hongtu and low PPO activity,high yellow pigments content from parents.展开更多
Habitat fragmentation dramatically reshapes species richness and community composition.However,most estimates ofβ-diversity rely on incidence-based metrics,which consider only species presence/absence.Here,we introdu...Habitat fragmentation dramatically reshapes species richness and community composition.However,most estimates ofβ-diversity rely on incidence-based metrics,which consider only species presence/absence.Here,we introduce a novel framework that explicitly incorporates species abundance and intraspecifictrait variation(ITV)into the quantificationof taxonomic,functional,and phylogeneticβ-diversity,allowing a more nuanced understanding of community differentiation.To demonstrate the utility of this framework,we quantifiedthe effects of island area and isolation onβ-diversity across plant communities in China's Thousand Island Lake.Abundance-weighted taxonomic multiple-site/pairwiseβ-diversity showed substantially higher nestedness and stronger nestedness-area relationship than incidence-based metrics,indicating that species-poor communities are not only subsets of richer ones but share similar abundance hierarchies,highlighting strong environmental filteringand hierarchical species sorting.We also found that the turnover component was less sensitive to isolation,suggesting limited dispersal effects.Incidence-based functional and phylogenetic distances increased with differences in island area,but these associations weakened or disappeared in abundance-weighted measures,suggesting stronger environmental filteringand functional/phylogenetic clustering among larger islands.Only abundance-weighted standardized effect sizes increased with island area differences.Additionally,ITV further amplifiedfunctional nestedness and buffered the influenceof isolation on turnover,emphasizing its role in mitigating dispersal limitations.By jointly considering abundance and ITV,two often-overlooked but critical dimensions,this study advances our understanding of how fragmentation shapesβ-diversity.These findingshighlight the importance of integrating abundanceweighted and trait-based metrics into conservation strategies to better detect functionally important species,prioritize larger habitat patches,and design biodiversity monitoring that captures withinspecies variation.展开更多
Two hundred and forty recombinant inbred lines （RIL） derived from a cross TD70/Kasalath and its linkage map including 141 SSR markers were used to map QTLs controlling panicle length （PL）, total seeds per panicle ...Two hundred and forty recombinant inbred lines （RIL） derived from a cross TD70/Kasalath and its linkage map including 141 SSR markers were used to map QTLs controlling panicle length （PL）, total seeds per panicle （TSP） and grain density （GD） in 2010 and 2011. The results showed that a total of 23 QTLs controlling three panicle traits were detected on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 10, respec- tively, including 5 QTLs controlling PL, 8 QTLs controlling TSP, 10 QTLs controlling GD, with the LOD value ranging between 2.5-9.3, and the QTLs explained the ob- served phenotypic by 4.0%-20.8%. The marker interval RM5699-RM424 on chro- mosome 2, RM489-RM1278 on chromosome 3, RM3367-RM1018 on chromosome 4, RM3343-RM412 on chromosome 6 were common marker intervals for TSP and GD; six QTLs （qPL3, qTSP4, qTSP6-2, qTSP7, qGD3-2 and qGDT） were detected in two years. Among these QTLs, the qPL3, qTSP6-2, qGD3-2 and qGD7 were major QTLs. All QTLs for PL mapped in the present study had been mapped QTLs previously by other research groups, 16 QTLs controlling TSP and GD were new ones which contributed the observed phenotypic variance range by 4%-9.5%. These results laid a founda^ion for further fine positioning or cloning these QTLs.展开更多
Objective:The combination of science and art in nursing is essential for providing effective care.Since art is inherent and a part of human personality traits,it is believed that nurses’personality traits are importa...Objective:The combination of science and art in nursing is essential for providing effective care.Since art is inherent and a part of human personality traits,it is believed that nurses’personality traits are important to achieve this cohesive combination in nursing.Accordingly,this study was conducted to determine the relationship between nurses’personality traits and the esthetics of nursing care.Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed.Study participants that consisted of 95 nurses and 285 patients from health centers in Iran were selected by convenience sampling method.Measures included the five-factor personality questionnaires(NEO-FFI)scale and Esthetics of Nursing Care Scale(ENCS).Results:The findings indicated a significant relationship between neuroticism(r=−0.149,P=0.028)and extraversion traits(r=0.136,P=0.045)of nurses in esthetics nursing care.In this study,no significant relationship was found between the personality traits and esthetics of nursing care using nurses’demographic information.Conclusions:The esthetics of nursing care depends on nurse personality traits.Since the art of nursing complements the expected care,it is suggested that nursing managers pay attention to the personality traits of nurses in planning to provide effective care.展开更多
Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarie is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae(Fig.S1;Wu and Kai,2000).It is primarily distributed in southern China,with smaller populations occurring ...Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarie is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae(Fig.S1;Wu and Kai,2000).It is primarily distributed in southern China,with smaller populations occurring in northern Vietnam(Yang et al.,2022).The dried fruit of A.tsaoko is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating gastrointestinal disorders,vomiting,and malaria(Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission,2025).展开更多
This study investigated the political,economic,social,and cultural environment perceptions on international students that define their acculturation and health related quality of life.Participants were 117 internation...This study investigated the political,economic,social,and cultural environment perceptions on international students that define their acculturation and health related quality of life.Participants were 117 international students from 32 countries attending a Chinese university(females=43%,mean age=21.17 years,SD=4.45 years).They reported on their acculturation to China and physical and psychological well-being.Results from t-tests and correlation analyses indicate political liberals had more positive attitudes toward China than the conservatives,and higher self-reported physical and psychological results.Higher scores on the“interdependence”dimension of self-construal,as well as the“extraversion”and“emotional stability”dimensions of personality traits,were associated with more positive views of China and better health outcomes.These findings are consistent with Berry’s framework for acculturation,which posits that individual-level variables are related to cultural adaptation,and that cultural adaptation is associated with improved physical and mental health.International student offices at host universities should implement comprehensive support programs,including language assistance,cultural orientation,and social integration initiatives to effectively enhance the health related quality of life of international students.展开更多
Topographic complexity supports the maintenance of a high diversity of microhabitats,which may act as important‘safe havens’-or microrefugia-for biodiversity.Microrefugia are sites with specific environmental condit...Topographic complexity supports the maintenance of a high diversity of microhabitats,which may act as important‘safe havens’-or microrefugia-for biodiversity.Microrefugia are sites with specific environmental conditions that facilitate the persistence of species during environmental changes and exhibit unique ecoevolutionary dynamics.However,our knowledge about how topographic complexity and related ecoevolutionary selective forces influence the functional and phylogenetic signatures of species assemblages in microrefugia is very limited.Although the conceptual framework on the systematic integration of plant functional traits into the study of refugia is well established,more empirical studies on functional trait composition and functional diversity in refugia are urgently needed for more effective conservation.Here we analyzed the distribution of various plant functional traits and phylogenetic patterns in microhabitats(south-and north-facing slopes,and bottoms)of 30 large topographic depressions(i.e.doline microrefugia)and microhabitats of the surrounding plateaus in two distant forested karst regions.We found that plant assemblages in the understory of dolines and their surroundings are characterized by unique functional values and combinations of traits.Doline bottoms had the highest functional diversity among doline microhabitats and supported plant assemblages with considerably different trait compositions from the plateaus.Bottoms also had the highest phylogenetic diversity.These results suggest that topographic complexity in forested dolines has a significant effect on the distribution of plant functional traits in the understory.High functional and phylogenetic diversity in doline bottoms can have important consequences for the long-term survival of plant populations,highlighting that these microhabitats may provide a higher resilience and support an adaptive community-level response to natural and anthropogenic stressors.Understanding mechanisms that drive the survival of species within microrefugia is required to determine the best conservation and management strategies.展开更多
基金supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China(No.2006CB102102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30500358).
文摘Quantitative trait loci(QTL)were detected for 8 internal organ traits,3 carcass length traits,and teat number trait in 214 pigs in a resource population that included 180 F2 individuals.A total of 39 microsatellite markers were examined on SSC4,SSC6,SSC7,SSC8,and SSC13.The genetic traits included heart weight(HW),lung weight(LW),liver and gallbladder weight(LGW),spleen weight(SPW),stomach weight(STW),small intestine weight(S1W),large intestine weight(LIW),kidney weight(KW),carcass length to the first cervical vertebra(CL1),carcass length to the first thoracic vertebra(CL2),rib numbers(RNS),and teat numbers(TNS).Results indicated that,3 highly significant QTL(P≤0.01 at chromosome-wise level)for HW(at 30 cM on SSC6),RNS(at 115 cM on SSC7),TNS(at 110 cM on SSC7),and 6 significant QTL(P≤0.05 at chromosome-wise level)for LW(at 119 cM on SSC13),LGW(at 94 cM on SSC6),SPW(at 106 cM on SSC8),SIW(0 cM on SSC4),LIW(170 cM on SSC 4),and TNS(at 95 cM on SSC6)were detected.The phenotypic variances for which these QTL were accounted ranged from 0.04%to 14.06%.Most of these QTL had not been previously reported.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301362,42301544,32430067)。
文摘The restoration of severely fragmented forests requires urgent guidance from succession theory.New theories and methods in plant functional ecology offer novel perspectives on the mechanisms that drive forest succession and productivity.Here,we established a restoration gradient of seven forest logging periods in temperate forests in China,and conducted systematic surveys on the leaf functional traits of all observed plant species,plant community structure,and soil properties.Inspired by the new concept of two-dimensional plant community traits(i.e.,efficiency and quantity traits)and plant trait networks(PTNs),we explored the adaptation mechanisms of forest communities along a restoration succession and their relationship to productivity.Efficiency and quantity traits initially increased and then stabilized,whereas multi-trait relationships(MR)exhibited fluctuations,with community resource utilization efficiency increasing initially before stabilization.As expected,productivity is poorly explained by either efficiency or quantity traits alone but is substantially better explained by their joint consideration as two-dimensional community traits.Among these,the efficiency and quantity traits of leaf area and leaf dry weight can explain up to 43%of productivity.Furthermore,MR exhibit a time-lag effect on productivity.A structural equation model(SEM)with time-lag analysis showed that efficiency traits,quantity traits,MR,and soil properties explained 64%of the spatial variation in productivity during forest succession.Efficiency and quantity traits directly regulated productivity,whereas soil properties and MR indirectly regulated productivity.Our findings are the first to demonstrate the regulation mechanisms between forest succession and productivity from the framework of efficiency traits-quantity traits-MR,providing theoretical guidance and a reference for ecological restoration,and predicting the spatial variation of forest productivity,especially at small scale.
基金financially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3186113307,31770533,31870591)the West Light Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(xbzg-zdsys-202218).
文摘The karst forest in southwestern China is characterized by thin soil layers,numerous fissures and holes,resulting in low soil water availability and poor water retention,making it challenging for plant growth and survival.While the relationship between plant functional traits and tree growth performance has been extensively studied,the links between tree seasonal growth and drought-tolerant traits in tree species with different leaf habit remains poorly understood.This study evaluated the associations between four-year averaged rainy season stem diameter growth rate and 17 branch and leaf traits across evergreen and deciduous species in a tropical karst forest in southwest China.The cross-species variations in tree growth rates were related to plant hydraulic traits(e.g.,vessel lumen diameter,xylem vessel density,stomatal density,and stomatal size)and leaf anatomical traits(e.g.,total leaf thickness,lower/upper epidermis thickness,and spongy thickness).The growth of evergreen trees exhibited lower hydraulic efficiency but greater drought tolerance than deciduous tree,which enabled them to maintain higher persistence under low soil water availability and consequently a relatively longer growing season.In contrast,deciduous species showed no correlation between their functional traits and growth rate.The distinct water use strategies of evergreen and deciduous trees may offer a potential explanation for their co-existence in the tropical karst forests.
基金supported by the National Key Program of Research and Development,Ministry of Science and Technology(2022YFF1301401,2022YFF0802300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32370553)+3 种基金Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP,2019QZKK0501)China Biodiversity Observation Networks(Sino BON)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SWU-KR24004)Scientific Research Innovation Project of Graduate Student of Southwest University(SWUB23080)。
文摘Life-history traits represent evolutionary adaptations that mediate responses to external environments.Analyzing variation in these traits provides valuable insights into macroecological processes and supports the development of effective conservation and restoration strategies.However,large-scale biogeographic patterns in life-history trait diversity among terrestrial vertebrates remain insufficiently characterized,and the processes shaping these patterns are not well understood.This study integrated life-history and spatial distribution data for 2334 terrestrial vertebrate species in China,including 398 amphibians,211 reptiles,541 mammals,and 1184 birds,to evaluate spatial patterns of trait diversity and identify underlying drivers.Assemblages in South and Southwest China exhibited high species richness,substantial assemblage-level evolutionary distinctiveness,expanded trait volumes,and elevated trait densities compared to null expectations,indicating roles as both evolutionary museums and cradles.In contrast,assemblages on the Tibetan Plateau showed expanded trait volumes but low trait densities,reflecting niche expansion among limited taxa.These findings emphasize the importance of niche packing before assemblages reach environmental carrying limits.Assemblages with high evolutionary distinctiveness tended to display high trait volumes and low trait densities,suggesting a consistent relationship between phylogenetic structure and functional diversification.Among the four groups,amphibians showed the highest sensitivity to environmental variation,highlighting the need for focused conservation efforts.Overall,this study revealed pronounced spatial heterogeneity in trait diversity across China,shaped by species richness,evolutionary distinctiveness,and environmental variation,providing valuable insights for refining conservation priorities for terrestrial vertebrate taxa.
文摘To screen high-quality early-maturing rapeseed germplasm resources,this study took six early-maturing Brassica napus varieties(ZY1,ZY2,ZY3,ZY4,ZY5,and ZY6)as research objects to compare and analyze their agronomic traits,resistance,and yield traits.The results showed that the six early-maturing rapeseed varieties exhibited strong pre-winter growth,with the number of green leaf on the main stem ranging from 9.0 to 11.6,the total leaf number of main stem from 11.8 to 14.2,the maximum leaf length on main stem from 41.28 cm to 47.54 cm,the maximum leaf width from 12.02 cm to 13.38 cm,and the rhizome thickness from 20.64 mm to 25.82 mm.The order of green leaf,total leaf,maximum leaf length,and rhizome thickness from high to low across varieties was ZY1>ZY2>ZY3>ZY4>ZY5>ZY6,while the maximum leaf width followed ZY2>ZY1>ZY3>ZY4>ZY5>ZY6.Compared with other varieties,ZY1 and ZY2 had earlier bolting,initial flowering,final flowering,and harvesting times.The growth periods of the varieties were 183-189 d,with ZY1 being the shortest(183 d)and ZY2 following(185 d).Resistance investigations showed that ZY1 had the lowest freeze damage rate(13%)and freeze damage index(0.043),followed by ZY2(15%and 0.060).No Sclerotinia stem rot was observed at the seedling stage,while all varieties developed the disease at maturity;ZY1 had the lowest incidence(15%)and disease index(0.050),followed by ZY2(18%and 0.070).In terms of yield traits,the yield per plant of the six varieties ranged from 11.46 g to 14.53 g,with ZY1 being the highest(14.53 g)and ZY2 following(13.42 g).In conclusion,ZY1 and ZY2 exhibited vigorous pre-winter growth,early bolting and flowering,short growth periods,strong freeze and disease resistance,and high yield per plant,making them ideal materials for early-maturing rapeseed breeding.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.LZ24C130004 and LQ24C130008)。
文摘Heading date is one of the most important agronomic traits that directly affect rice yield and determines the regional adaptability in specific growing environments.As a short-day plant,rice can grow under long-day(LD)conditions due to the synergistic regulation of many photosensitive genes.Using a set of chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs)with the indica cultivar Huanghuazhan(HHZ)as the recipient parent and Basmati Surkh 89-15(BAS)as the donor parent,we identified a QTL locus.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302371 to Junbin Chen)the National Key Research and Development Program,Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2022YFD1201802 to Wangsheng Zhu)Research Program from State Key Laboratory of Maize Biobreeding(SKLMB2424 to Wangsheng Zhu).
文摘Pythium stalk rot(PSR)is a destructive disease of maize,severely affecting yield and grain quality.The identification of quantitative trait loci(QTL)or genes for resistance to PSR forms the basis of diseaseresistant hybrids breeding.In this study,a major QTL,Resistance to Pythium stalk rot 1(RPSR1),was identified from a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from MS71 and POP.Using a recombinant progeny testing strategy,RPSR1 was fine-mapped in a 472 kb interval.Through candidate gene expression,gene knock-down and knock-out studies,a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase gene,PEP RECEPTOR 2(ZmPEPR2),was assigned as a PSR resistance gene.These results provide insights into the genetic architecture of resistance to PSR in maize,which should facilitate breeding maize for resistance to stalk rot.
基金supported jointly by the earmarked fund for CARS-10-GW2the key research and development program of Hainan Province(Grant No.ZDYF2020226)+1 种基金Collaborative innovation center of Nanfan and high-efficiency tropical agriculture,Hainan University(Grant No.XTCX2022NYC21)funding of Hainan University[Grant No.KYQD(ZR)22123]。
文摘Heat stress hinders the growth and productivity of sweetpotato plants,predominantly through oxidative damage to cellular membranes.Therefore,the development of efficient approaches for mitigating heat-related impairments is essential for the long-term production of sweetpotatoes.Melatonin has been recognised for its capacity to assist plants in dealing with abiotic stress conditions.This research aimed to investigate how different doses of exogenous melatonin influence heat damage in sweetpotato plants.Heat stress drastically affected shoot and root fresh weight by 31.8 and 44.5%,respectively.This reduction resulted in oxidative stress characterised by increased formation of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))by 804.4%,superoxide ion(O_(2)^(·-))by 211.5%and malondialdehyde(MDA)by 234.2%.Heat stress also reduced chlorophyll concentration,photosystemⅡefficiency(F_v/F_m)by 15.3%and gaseous exchange.However,pre-treatment with 100μmol L^(-1)melatonin increased growth and reduced oxidative damage to sweetpotato plants under heat stress.In particular,melatonin decreased H_(2)O_(2),O_(2)^(·-)and MDA by 64.8%,42.7%and 38.2%,respectively.Melatonin also mitigated the decline in chlorophyll levels and improved stomatal traits,gaseous exchange and F_(v)/F_(m)(13%).Results suggested that the favorable outcomes of melatonin treatment can be associated with elevated antioxidant enzyme activity and an increase in non-enzymatic antioxidants and osmo-protectants.Overall,these findings indicate that exogenous melatonin can improve heat stress tolerance in sweetpotatoes.This stu dy will assist re searchers in further investigating how melatonin makes sweetpotatoes more resistant to heat stress.
基金supported by funding from the National Key R&D Program of China(2023ZD0407304)the Sci-Tech Innovation 2030 Agenda(2022ZD0115703)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-Profit of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Y2023PT20).
文摘Epigenetics-mediated breeding(epibreeding)involves engineering crop traits and stress responses through the targeted manipulation of key epigenetic features to enhance agricultural productivity.While conventional breeding methods raise concerns about reduced genetic diversity,epibreeding propels crop improvement through epigenetic variations that regulate gene expression,ultimately impacting crop yield.Epigenetic regulation in crops encompasses various modes,including histone modification,DNA modification,RNA modification,non-coding RNA,and chromatin remodeling.This review summarizes the epigenetic mechanisms underlying major agronomic traits in maize and identifies candidate epigenetic landmarks in the maize breeding process.We propose a valuable strategy for improving maize yield through epibreeding,combining CRISPR/Cas-based epigenome editing technology and Synthetic Epigenetics(SynEpi).Finally,we discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with maize trait improvement through epibreeding.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP,2019QZKK0402)Science and Technology Plan Project of Xizang Autonomous Region to Y.Q. (XZ202201ZY0030G)National Natural Science Foundation of China (32201424 to Z.Y.L.and 31872233 to Y.Q.)。
文摘Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.However,current frameworks,even the IUCN Red List,often neglect critical factors such as genetic diversity and the impacts of climate and land-use changes,hindering effective conservation planning.To address these limitations,we developed an enhanced extinction risk assessment framework using Diploderma lizards as a model.This framework incorporates long-term field surveys,environmental data,and land-use information to predict distributional changes for 10 recently described Diploderma species on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,which hold ecological significance but remain underassessed in conservation assessment.By integrating the distribution data and genetically inferred effective population sizes(Ne),we conducted scenario analyses and used a rank-sum approach to calculate Risk ranking scores(RRS)for each species.This approach revealed significant discrepancies with the IUCN Red List assessments.Notably,D.yangi and D.qilin were identified as facing the highest extinction risk.Furthermore,D.vela,D.batangense,D.flaviceps,D.dymondi,D.yulongense,and D.laeviventre,currently classified as“Least Concern”,were found to warrant reclassification as“Vulnerable”due to considerable threat from projected range contractions.Exploring the relationship between morphology and RRS revealed that traits such as snout-vent length and relative tail length could serve as potential predictors of extinction risk,offering preliminary metrics for assessing species vulnerability when comprehensive data are unavailable.This study enhances the precision of extinction risk assessment frameworks and demonstrates their capacity to refine and update risk assessments,especially for lesser-known taxa.
文摘Based on the results of the national regional trail for winter rapeseed in four groups,including the upper reaches,middle reaches and lower reaches of Yangtze River and Huang-Huai region in the past twenty years,new varieties of winter rapeseed showed upward trend in average yield,the yield level in Huang-huai group was higher than other groups.The changes of average effective pods per plant were not significant in any group,but the number of grain per pod and 1 000-grain weight showed increase trend.However,the increment of grains per pod in three Yangtze River groups was higher than that in Huang-Huai River group,while the increment of 1 000-grain weight was just opposite.The incidence rate of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and viral disease in new varieties of winter rapeseed obviously decreased,and the incidence rate of S.sclerotiorum decreased lower than 5%.Genetic improvement for winter rapeseed should be focus on the number of grain per pod and 1 000-grain weight in the future,and yield level of new varieties in all four groups is expected to increase.
基金Supported by Chongqing Major Research Project "Innovation in Hybrid Rice Breeding and New Materials" ( CSTC, 2007, AA1019 )Sichuan Province Breeding Research Project (06yzgg-01)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to study the sensitive response characteristics of the main agronomic traits of somaclonal and the variation of sensitive response of the lines of somaclonal to sowing date. [Method]The RITSD changing of agronomic traits was studied by using 24 rice somaclonal and its donor parent under two sowing dates. [Result]The average values of RITSD were higher （over one） for the traits of pant height （PH）,density of spikelets （DS）,filled spikelets per panicle （FSP）,spikelets per panicle （SP） and grain weight per plant （GWP）,but lower for days of sowing to heading （DSH）,effective panicles （EP）,panicle length （PL）,seed setting rate （SS） and 1 000-grain weight （1 000-GW）. These showed that PH,DS,FSP,SP and GWP were easily affected by sowing date and tended to higher with the later sowing; the RITSD of somaclonal changed with the agronomic traits. The frequency of RITSD＇ variation of DSH and PH was higher than that of PL. The RITSD＇ value of EP,PL,DS,FSP,SP and SS became higher,and higher or lower for DSH and GWP in different somaclonal; compared with the donor,20 of 24 was significantly different,and the frequency of RITSD variation was over 83. 3%,however,RITSD of the most lines （75%） changed only for 1-2 characters; cluster analysis showed that the RITSD of agronomic traits belonged to different combinations of somaclonal in rice. [Conclusion]the study had provided a theoretical basis for the screening and using of the somaclonal.
文摘Introduction: Sickle cell disease is one of the most common autosomal recessive inherited diseases. Its prevalence is increasing due to the perpetuity of carriers of the trait who are able to marry. Women aged 18 to 35 years constitute the most reproductive age group. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of sickle cell trait among women aged 18 to 35 years and the attitude of women carriers towards the choice of a carrier spouse. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical aims conducted from March to September 2024 in Kisangani. A total of 215 women aged 18 to 35 years presented for screening for sickle cell trait. This study described the following parameters: Sociodemographic data (age, level of education, socioeconomic level, marital status), obstetric and medical history (obstetric formula, sickle cell disease, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, asthma), knowledge of sickle cell disease (etiological classification, transmission, prevention, high-risk marriages, clinical manifestations, progression of the disease), attitude of the woman in relation to the choice of an AS spouse, as well as the reasons justifying each attitude. Results: The prevalence of sickle cell trait was 23.7% (51/215). A total of 64.3% of respondents had accepted the choice of spouse before confirmation of carrier status and 73.8% had refused after confirmation of carrier status. Choice was significantly related to age (p-value = 0.027), occupation (p-value = 0.015), parity (p-value = 0.039) and gesture (p-value = 0.034) before test. The ignorance of the union at risk was associated with the risk (p = 0.005;OR: 9.10;CI 95%: 2.03 - 4.81) of accepting the choice of a spouse carrying the trait. Conclusion: The prevalence of sickle cell trait among women aged 18 to 35 years in Kisangani remains within the limits of that of the general population. The choice of a spouse carrying sickle cell trait is associated with the woman’s age, her profession, parity, gestation and her knowledge about high-risk unions. Screening campaigns and health education sessions enable women carrying sickle cell trait to make a wise choice.
基金Supported by Natural Science Fund of Ningxia(NZ0866)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to observe the agronomic,yield and quality traits of Ningchun 4 and its parents under the same environmental conditions,as well as to carry out molecular detection on the background genes distribution of the corresponding traits.[Method]Ningchun 4 and its parents Sonora 64,Hongtu,Abbondanza,Quality were used as materials to detect the agronomic and quality traits,as well as to analyze the genetic variation laws by molecular determination method.[Result]Ningchun 4 had inherited the advantages of bigger spike,red and hard grain from Sonora 64 and higher 1 000-grain weight from Hongtu.However,it had also inherited the disadvantages of late-maturing from Sonora 64 and lower tillering ability from Hongtu;the grain quality of Ningchun 4 was slightly lower than the Sonora 64;Ningchun 4 had high quality subunit of 5＋10,which had good dough rheological properties.[Conclusion]Ningchun 4 had inherited the long photoperiod characteristics and no-resistant to slow-leaf rusting and stripe rust characteristics from Hongtu and low PPO activity,high yellow pigments content from parents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32371603,31901211 and 31930073).
文摘Habitat fragmentation dramatically reshapes species richness and community composition.However,most estimates ofβ-diversity rely on incidence-based metrics,which consider only species presence/absence.Here,we introduce a novel framework that explicitly incorporates species abundance and intraspecifictrait variation(ITV)into the quantificationof taxonomic,functional,and phylogeneticβ-diversity,allowing a more nuanced understanding of community differentiation.To demonstrate the utility of this framework,we quantifiedthe effects of island area and isolation onβ-diversity across plant communities in China's Thousand Island Lake.Abundance-weighted taxonomic multiple-site/pairwiseβ-diversity showed substantially higher nestedness and stronger nestedness-area relationship than incidence-based metrics,indicating that species-poor communities are not only subsets of richer ones but share similar abundance hierarchies,highlighting strong environmental filteringand hierarchical species sorting.We also found that the turnover component was less sensitive to isolation,suggesting limited dispersal effects.Incidence-based functional and phylogenetic distances increased with differences in island area,but these associations weakened or disappeared in abundance-weighted measures,suggesting stronger environmental filteringand functional/phylogenetic clustering among larger islands.Only abundance-weighted standardized effect sizes increased with island area differences.Additionally,ITV further amplifiedfunctional nestedness and buffered the influenceof isolation on turnover,emphasizing its role in mitigating dispersal limitations.By jointly considering abundance and ITV,two often-overlooked but critical dimensions,this study advances our understanding of how fragmentation shapesβ-diversity.These findingshighlight the importance of integrating abundanceweighted and trait-based metrics into conservation strategies to better detect functionally important species,prioritize larger habitat patches,and design biodiversity monitoring that captures withinspecies variation.
基金Supported by Fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Scientific Self-innovation Fund[CX(12)1003]Jiangsu Province Agricultural Science&Technology Support Program(BE2013301)+1 种基金Super Rice Breeding and Demonstration Program of the Ministry of AgricultureSpecial Fund of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CARS-0147)~~
文摘Two hundred and forty recombinant inbred lines （RIL） derived from a cross TD70/Kasalath and its linkage map including 141 SSR markers were used to map QTLs controlling panicle length （PL）, total seeds per panicle （TSP） and grain density （GD） in 2010 and 2011. The results showed that a total of 23 QTLs controlling three panicle traits were detected on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 10, respec- tively, including 5 QTLs controlling PL, 8 QTLs controlling TSP, 10 QTLs controlling GD, with the LOD value ranging between 2.5-9.3, and the QTLs explained the ob- served phenotypic by 4.0%-20.8%. The marker interval RM5699-RM424 on chro- mosome 2, RM489-RM1278 on chromosome 3, RM3367-RM1018 on chromosome 4, RM3343-RM412 on chromosome 6 were common marker intervals for TSP and GD; six QTLs （qPL3, qTSP4, qTSP6-2, qTSP7, qGD3-2 and qGDT） were detected in two years. Among these QTLs, the qPL3, qTSP6-2, qGD3-2 and qGD7 were major QTLs. All QTLs for PL mapped in the present study had been mapped QTLs previously by other research groups, 16 QTLs controlling TSP and GD were new ones which contributed the observed phenotypic variance range by 4%-9.5%. These results laid a founda^ion for further fine positioning or cloning these QTLs.
文摘Objective:The combination of science and art in nursing is essential for providing effective care.Since art is inherent and a part of human personality traits,it is believed that nurses’personality traits are important to achieve this cohesive combination in nursing.Accordingly,this study was conducted to determine the relationship between nurses’personality traits and the esthetics of nursing care.Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed.Study participants that consisted of 95 nurses and 285 patients from health centers in Iran were selected by convenience sampling method.Measures included the five-factor personality questionnaires(NEO-FFI)scale and Esthetics of Nursing Care Scale(ENCS).Results:The findings indicated a significant relationship between neuroticism(r=−0.149,P=0.028)and extraversion traits(r=0.136,P=0.045)of nurses in esthetics nursing care.In this study,no significant relationship was found between the personality traits and esthetics of nursing care using nurses’demographic information.Conclusions:The esthetics of nursing care depends on nurse personality traits.Since the art of nursing complements the expected care,it is suggested that nursing managers pay attention to the personality traits of nurses in planning to provide effective care.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFF1306700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260739)+2 种基金the Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department-Applied Basic Research Joint Special Funds of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine(202101AZ070001-005,202101AZ070001-166)the Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program“Young Talent”Project(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-278)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB1230000).
文摘Amomum tsaoko Crevost&Lemarie is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae(Fig.S1;Wu and Kai,2000).It is primarily distributed in southern China,with smaller populations occurring in northern Vietnam(Yang et al.,2022).The dried fruit of A.tsaoko is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating gastrointestinal disorders,vomiting,and malaria(Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission,2025).
文摘This study investigated the political,economic,social,and cultural environment perceptions on international students that define their acculturation and health related quality of life.Participants were 117 international students from 32 countries attending a Chinese university(females=43%,mean age=21.17 years,SD=4.45 years).They reported on their acculturation to China and physical and psychological well-being.Results from t-tests and correlation analyses indicate political liberals had more positive attitudes toward China than the conservatives,and higher self-reported physical and psychological results.Higher scores on the“interdependence”dimension of self-construal,as well as the“extraversion”and“emotional stability”dimensions of personality traits,were associated with more positive views of China and better health outcomes.These findings are consistent with Berry’s framework for acculturation,which posits that individual-level variables are related to cultural adaptation,and that cultural adaptation is associated with improved physical and mental health.International student offices at host universities should implement comprehensive support programs,including language assistance,cultural orientation,and social integration initiatives to effectively enhance the health related quality of life of international students.
基金funded by the National Research,Development and Innovation Office(NKFIH FK 142428 grant)The contribution of Z.B.was supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and by the New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research,Development and Innovation Fund(ÚNKP-23-5-SZTE-697)+2 种基金K.F.was supported by the New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research,Development and Innovation Fund(ÚNKP-23-3-SZTE-441)C.T.was supported by the NKFIH K 146137 grantA.E-V.was supported by the long-term research development project of the Czech Academy of Sciences(RVO 67985939).
文摘Topographic complexity supports the maintenance of a high diversity of microhabitats,which may act as important‘safe havens’-or microrefugia-for biodiversity.Microrefugia are sites with specific environmental conditions that facilitate the persistence of species during environmental changes and exhibit unique ecoevolutionary dynamics.However,our knowledge about how topographic complexity and related ecoevolutionary selective forces influence the functional and phylogenetic signatures of species assemblages in microrefugia is very limited.Although the conceptual framework on the systematic integration of plant functional traits into the study of refugia is well established,more empirical studies on functional trait composition and functional diversity in refugia are urgently needed for more effective conservation.Here we analyzed the distribution of various plant functional traits and phylogenetic patterns in microhabitats(south-and north-facing slopes,and bottoms)of 30 large topographic depressions(i.e.doline microrefugia)and microhabitats of the surrounding plateaus in two distant forested karst regions.We found that plant assemblages in the understory of dolines and their surroundings are characterized by unique functional values and combinations of traits.Doline bottoms had the highest functional diversity among doline microhabitats and supported plant assemblages with considerably different trait compositions from the plateaus.Bottoms also had the highest phylogenetic diversity.These results suggest that topographic complexity in forested dolines has a significant effect on the distribution of plant functional traits in the understory.High functional and phylogenetic diversity in doline bottoms can have important consequences for the long-term survival of plant populations,highlighting that these microhabitats may provide a higher resilience and support an adaptive community-level response to natural and anthropogenic stressors.Understanding mechanisms that drive the survival of species within microrefugia is required to determine the best conservation and management strategies.
